外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud!备课课件ppt
展开阅读P8－9教材课文，选出最佳选项。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．Mark Twain. B．Lin Yutang.
C．Medieval writings. D．Humour.
2．What did Twain's response to the barber mean?
A．He felt very lucky.
B．He liked standing.
C．He would give the lecture.
D．He made a fool of the barber.
3．What did Lin Yutang do when he was suddenly asked to give a speech?
A．He obeyed the command.
B．He fed a man to wild animals.
C．He went away angrily.
D．He told off the president through humour.
4．According to the text，which of the following is true?
A．Humour has a lot with wisdom.
B．Humour makes no difference to our life.
C．People in Ancient Greece were not humorous.
D．Humour is the translation for the Chinese word “youmo”．
5．Why did Mark Twain think “Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”？
A．Humour was able to make people laugh.
B．Humour separates people from their enemies.
C．Humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.
D．Humour helped him a lot when he wrote his novels.
[答案] 1—5 DCDAC
Words and Phrases
知识要点1 essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的
(教材P5) Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information？哪些句子包含必不可少的信息，哪些句子包含附加信息？
[例] What essential piece of clothing would you take?
你会带哪件必不可少的衣服呢？
[知识拓展]
(1)be essential for/to... 对……来说是必要的
It is essential that...(should) do... 做……是必要的
It is essential (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事是必要的
(2)essentially adv. 本质上，根本上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①She added a few characters and changed some names，but essentially (essential) this is a true story.
②It is essential that students (should) get (get) themselves prepared for the coming future.
③The mental and physical development of children needs a healthy environment.
→A healthy environment is essential for/to the mental and physical development of children.(essential)
知识要点2 make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通
(教材P5) If you take away the clauses，do the sentences still make sense?
如果去掉从句，句子还能讲得通吗？
[例] She doesn't talk much，but what she says makes sense.
她讲话不多，但言之有理。
[知识拓展]
It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的
make sense of 理解，明白
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不是，绝非(置于句首
用部分倒装)
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理/没有必要
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①See，your computer has broken down again！It doesn't make sense to buy (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②There's no sense in talking (talk) to him any more.You're wasting your breath.
③In a sense，learning the law is like learning a new language.
④Not until my teacher explained twice did I understand the symbolic meaning of the Chinese painting.
→Not until my teacher explained twice did I make sense of the symbolic meaning of the Chinese painting.(sense)
[小片段填空]
In a sense，humour is important in our life，but in no sense should we play jokes on the disabled.We should make sense of the difficulties of them.
知识要点3 put up搭建，建造；提升，使升高；张贴；提高，增加；留某人住在家中；投宿，(在……)过夜
(教材P5) They put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep.
他们在星空下搭起帐篷，睡觉了。
[例] Posters were put up around our school，calling on us to spare no effort to protect the earth.
校园中到处张贴着海报，号召我们要不遗余力地保护地球。
[知识拓展]
put up with 容忍，忍受
put on 上演；穿上，戴上；增加(体重)
put off 推迟，延迟
put down 放下；记下，写下
put forward 提出，提议；推荐
put away 将……收起；积蓄，攒钱
put out 生产；熄灭，扑灭
put aside 储存；忽视
[即学即练] 判断下列句子中put up的含义，用put的相关短语完成句子
①They're planning to put up a hotel where the museum used to be.
建造
②They've put up the rent by 200 yuan a month. 提高
③The young backpacker always put up at the same hotel when he was travelling in Britain. 投宿，(在……)过夜
④We put up our tent and began to sleep，but I really couldn't put up with the heat in it.
⑤Jack put away the documents on the table，put on his coat and went out of his office in low spirits because the proposal he put forward at the meeting was firmly rejected by his boss.
知识要点4 impress v．使钦佩；使留下深刻印象
(教材P5) Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes.
华生对他认为会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象的回答很满意。
[例] This guy desperately wants to impress you.
这个人拼命地想给你留下印象。
[知识拓展]
(1)impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到(重要性或严重性)
impress sb. with sth. 对……印象深刻
be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻
It impresses sb. that... 令某人佩服的是……
(2)make/leave/create an impression on/upon sb.
给某人留下印象
(3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；感人的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Even so，she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed.
②Mr. Wang，a professor from America，will make an impressive (impress) speech in the hall tonight.
③I was so impressed by how selfless she was.
④ China—a fastdeveloping country—has made a great impression (impress) on the foreign guests.
[小片段填空]
Shenzhen impresses tourists from home and abroad.First，they have a good impression on the city's road and traffic.Besides，the city impresses its friendliness and hospitality on their mind.Above all，many places of interest in this city are very impressive，such as Window of the World，the Happy Valley and so on.
知识要点5 deserve v．应受到，应得
(教材P6) We all deserve a second chance，I guess.
我猜我们都应再得到一次机会。
[例] No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.
不管一份工作多么普通，它都在社会中起着作用，因此它应受到我们的尊敬。
[知识拓展]
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing 值得被……
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The team deserved to win (win) the game for they had practised hard for a whole month.
②It's generally recognized that what she has done for children deserves praise/praising/to be praised (praise)．
③His children's books are classics that deserve to be much better known.
他的儿童书非常经典，应该为更多人所知晓。
[名师点津]
deserve后跟v.ing的主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动形式，即deserve doing＝deserve to be done。(有同样用法的动词还有：need，want，require)。
知识要点6 spot n．斑点；地点，处所 vt.发现；认出
(教材P9) Once，having been invited to dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
有一次，他应邀到一所大学吃晚饭，校长突然发难，请他作一个演讲。
[例] I spotted a shooting star which，to my astonishment，was bright green in colour.
我看见一颗流星，使我大为惊奇的是，它居然是鲜亮的绿色。
[知识拓展]
on the spot 在场；立即；当场
put sb. on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬
的问题)使某人难堪
be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点
spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He spotted his friend talking (talk) with someone in the distance.
②He put me on the spot a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn't particularly want to go.
③As we climbed the mountain，snow was falling.The pines were soon spotted with snow.
④The next morning I was about to give myself up when I was spotted by a ship．
第二天上午我正打算放弃时我被一艘船发现了。
知识要点7 think on one's feet头脑反应很快；才思敏捷
(教材P9) Thinking on his feet，Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals.
林语堂头脑反应很快，开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝试图用一个人喂野兽的故事。
[例] He'd call on people around the room，and always think on his feet to answer their questions without hesitating.
他会要求屋里的人提出问题，并且总能迅速地、毫不迟疑地作出回答。
[知识拓展]
on foot 步行
foot by foot＝step by step 一步一步地；逐渐
on one's feet 站起；恢复健康；经济自立
bring/raise sb. to sb.'s feet 扶起某人
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
have/get cold feet 害怕；临阵畏缩
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I don't feel like riding on a bike very much；I'd rather go on foot.
②Henry looked，stared，and jumped to his feet.
③Professor Wang can think on his feet；he always has an answer ready when we ask him questions.
王教授思维敏捷，当我们向他提问时，他总能对答如流。
④I get cold feet when I have to go to the dentist's.Even thinking of it makes me shake.
当我不得不去看牙医时我就害怕，就连想想我都会不寒而栗。
知识要点8 whisper v．低语，悄声说；把(秘密等)悄悄传开 n．耳语，低语
(教材P9) The man whispered something in the lion's ear，after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人对狮子耳语了几句，之后，这头狮子摇了摇头便不高兴地走开了。
[例] James leaned over to whisper something in Tom's ear.
詹姆斯探过身去小声对汤姆说了些什么。
[知识拓展]
whisper to sb. 与某人耳语
It is/was whispered that... 据秘密传闻……
in a whisper＝in whispers＝in a low voice
耳语，低声说
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I could hear everyone whispering (whisper)，“Who in our school could draw that well？”
②It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.
③I saw Jenny and Helen talking to each other in a whisper/in whispers．
我看到珍妮和海伦在低声耳语。
知识要点9 tell off斥责，责骂
(教材P9) With this little joke，Lin was able to make people laugh，while gently telling off the president.
林语堂用这个小笑话让人们开怀大笑，同时也委婉地责怪了那位校长。
[例] If you are caught cheating in the exam，you will be told off by your parents and teachers.
如果发现你在考试中作弊，你将会受到家长和老师的斥责。
[知识拓展]
tell...apart 把……区分开
tell...from... 把……和……区分开
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The boss told off his secretary for making private phone calls in the office.
②Child as he was，he could tell right from wrong.
③I can't tell her and her sister apart．They are much alike.
知识要点10 conclude v．断定；结束，终止；做出结论
(教材P10) A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh.
一句妙语总结一个笑话，意在使人发笑。
[例] Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he was desperate for fame.
从他的言行判断，我们可以得出结论，他渴望成名。
[知识拓展]
(1)conclude with... 以……结束
conclude from sth. that 从……中断定
(2)conclusion n. 结束；结论
in conclusion 最后；总之
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion
得出结论
come to conclusion that... 所得结论是……
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He concluded his speech with a famous saying：It's never too late to start.
②I drew a conclusion (conclude)from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.
③In conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。
[小片段填空]
Jack said he could conclude from Jane's expression that Jane had stolen his money.But everyone knew Jack always jump to conclusions without any evidence to support his conclusion．In conclusion，nobody was likely to believe Jane was a thief.
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1 完全倒装句
(教材P9) Then along came a tiger.接着来了一只老虎。
句式分析：该句是一个完全倒装句。英语中的倒装是指句子成分不是按主语在前、谓语在后的正常语序排列，而是将谓语或谓语的一部分移到主语之前。倒装是一种修辞手段，目的是为了强调。
[例1] Outside the classroom stood an old man.
一位老人站在教室的外面。
[例2] Out rushed the boy.那男孩冲了出去。
[知识拓展]
(1)当away，down，here，there，up等副词或一些地点状语置于句首，而句子的主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。但是，如果句子的主语是代词时，谓语动词不倒装。
(2)当表语位于句首时，句子要用完全倒装。
(3)当介词词组位于句首时，通常用完全倒装形式，即把谓语移到主语的前面。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The moment the bell rang，out rushed (rush) the children.
②The Public Square is an eyecatching sight of the city.There stands (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.
③Present at the conference were (be) experts from all over the world.
④Buried in the earth was (be) a jar with lots of ancient coins in it.
⑤In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor．
在英国一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。
重点句式2 形容词短语作状语
(教材P9) “What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor，astonished.
“你对我的动物说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。
句式分析：本句中的astonished是形容词作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。
[例1] Eager to see the sunrise，they got up at four.
他们渴望看日出，四点钟就起了床。
[例2] Alice walked to the bed quietly，careful not to wake the sleeping baby.
爱丽丝静静地走到床边，小心不惊醒酣睡的婴儿。
[知识拓展]
形容词或形容词短语可位于句首或句末充当状语的语法作用，相当于省略形式的状语从句，表示原因、方式、时间、让步等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级(用形容词短语作状语)/完成句子
①Surprised (surprise) and afraid，Tom ran out of the room.
②After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired (tire)．
③Whether they are large or small，all countries are equal.
→Large or small，all countries are equal.
④Much interested，he agreed to give it a try.
很感兴趣，他同意试一试。
词义猜测题
阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生做此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。
[例文]
Hugo Critchley further explained，“Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person，we ever copy his behavior.Next time you chat with a friend，take note of how you're sitting—it's pretty likely that you will be the same.Scientists believe it's our way of telling each other that we're partners.Through body language，humans give each other very subtle (微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”
The underlined word “synchronise” in the Passage means “________”．
A．move slowly B．change rapidly
C．relax temporarily D．respond accordingly
[解析] 画线单词与copy是同义词，且由其释义句“Next time you chat with a friend，take note of how you're sitting—it's pretty likely that you will be the same.(下次你和你的朋友聊天时，留意一下你是怎么坐的，很可能你们会是一样的)”可知，画线单词所在句子意思为当我们喜欢一个人时，我们的身体会同步，会模仿他的行为。故选D。
[答案] D
[即学即练] 请快速阅读猜测下面句子中的画线词的含义
The artificial intelligence (AI) system，developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year will screen “at risk” patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness.Prof Young，a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital said: “I am so excited about this form of technology.”
What does the underlined phrase “screen” in the Passage mean?
A．Comfort. B．Treat. C．Spot. D．Nurse.
[答案] C
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