高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger学案

Section Ⅱ　Using language

1.cheat v．欺骗，作弊，欺诈　n．作弊，骗子

(教材原句)Using video technology to help judge our sporting competitions can make sure that no one cheats.

使用视频技术来帮助评判我们的体育比赛可以确保没有人作弊。

❶You never cheat during examinations, do you?

你考试时从来不作弊，是吧？

❷She claimed that her cousin had cheated her out of her inheritance.她声称她的表兄骗取了本该由她继承的遗产。

❸He cheated his teammates into believing that he was a wealthy man.

他骗他的队友，让他们相信他是个有钱人。

❹He is a shameless cheat.他是个无耻的骗子。

[归纳探究]

feel cheated    感觉被骗

cheat sb. out of sth.    骗取某人某物

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Students may be tempted ________ (cheat) in order to get into top schools.

②She cheated her little sister out ________ some money.

③I gave all my money to him, but now I feel ________ (cheat) somehow.

2.(教材原句)Etenesh Diro had almost completed two thirds of the 3000m steeplechase, when disaster struck.埃特内什·迪罗几乎完成了3000米越野障碍赛的三分之二，这时灾难发生了。

[句式解构]　Sb. had (just) done...when...

某人刚做完……这时……

❶He had just finished his second coffee when the telephone rang.

他刚喝完第二杯咖啡，这时电话铃响了。(也可写作had hardly finished)

❷We were preparing for the contest when our teacher informed us that it was called off.

我们正在准备比赛，这时老师通知我们比赛取消了。

❸I was about to give up the search when something caught my eye in the bushes.我正准备放弃搜寻，这时灌木丛中有个东西吸引了我的目光。

[归纳探究]

Sb. was doing...when...    某人正在做……这时……

[提示]　在以上句式中，when引出一个突然发生的动作，相当于and suddenly或and at that time。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①I had just got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.

②David ________ (look) at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise.

③I ________________________ (刚刚打开电脑) when my parents came back.

3.(教材原句)In 2003, Yao Ming became the first Chinese sportsperson to win the award...

2003年，姚明成为第一位获得该奖项的中国运动员……

[句式解构]　the＋序数词(＋名词)＋to do...第……个做……的

当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，通常用不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。

不定式作后置定语的其他情况：

(1)当被修饰词被形容词最高级或the only, the very等修饰时。

❶John is the best person to do this job.约翰是做这项工作的最佳人选。

(2)当表示将来的动作时。

❷I borrowed some classics to read during my holiday.

我借了一些经典作品在假期里读。

(3)抽象名词ability, attempt, chance, promise, reason, time, way等后常用不定式作定语。

❸His ability to get on well with people is his chief advantage.

他能和人友好相处是他的主要优势。

[提示]　不定式与被修饰词存在动宾关系时，如果不定式是不及物动词则后面应有必要的介词。

Please give me some paper to write on.

[即学即练]　完成句子

①她是第一位在黎明前到达山顶的女性。

She is ______________________ the peak before dawn.

②布朗小姐是下一个起来发言的人。

Miss Brown was ________________________ to speak.

③最后到的人应该付账。

________________________ should pay the bill.

动名词作主语

一、语法现象感知

①Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy.

②Shooting with great accuracy was another thing he learnt.

③It's no use crying over spilt milk.

④It is a waste of time playing computer games.

⑤There is no saying when he'll come.

⑥There is no point arguing with your partner about the matter.

⑦Rose's coming won't be of much help.

⑧His missing the train caused him to stay in the city another day.

二、语法规则理解

1．句①②中，主语分别为______________________________，______________________________。

2．句③④中，________为形式主语，真正的主语分别为crying over spilt milk, playing computer games。

3．句⑤⑥中，________________________________，________________________________作主语。

4．由句⑦⑧可以看出，动名词的逻辑主语要用名词所有格或____________物主代词。

　单个动名词作主语的时候，谓语动词用单数。如果动名词短语作主语，这个短语又很长，这个时候常用it作形式主语。

动名词作主语

动名词是非谓语动词的一种，起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可以带有自己的宾语、状语等。动名词常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。

1．动名词在句首直接作主语

❶Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

❷Talking is easier than doing.

说比做容易得多。

2．It在句首作形式主语，而动名词短语在后面作真正的逻辑上的主语，常见句型有：

It is＋adj. (good, funny, nice, worthwhile, interesting, useless等)＋动名词

It is no use/no good/a waste of time...＋动名词

❶It is dangerous playing in the middle of the street.在马路中间玩耍是危险的。

❷It is no use waiting for him here since he has left.在这里等他是没用的，因为他已经离开这了。

3．There be结构中动名词作主语

There is no doing sth.不可能做某事

There is no point doing sth.做某事没意义

❶There is no telling how many miles you will have to run while chasing a dream.

＝We can't tell how many miles you will have to run while chasing a dream.

难以预料在追梦的道路上你要走多远。

❷There is no point scolding him now.

现在责骂他毫无意义。

4．动名词作主语时的逻辑主语

动名词作主语时可以有自己的逻辑主语，“逻辑主语＋动名词”叫作动名词的复合结构。动名词作主语时，逻辑主语要用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。

❶The president's attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

总统出席会议给了他们莫大的鼓励。

❷Her not coming back made us disappointed.

她没有回来让我们很失望。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Students may be tempted to ________ (作弊) in order to get impressive marks.

2．He was informed that he would be connected to a ________ (语音信箱) after the beep.

3．Meditation (冥想) is an essential part of ________ (瑜伽)．

4．It is a permanent truth that if we want to master the ________ (先进的) skills, we should start from the basic skills.

5．She showed ________ (非凡的) courage and endurance.

6．My daughter would like to ________ (参加) in this contest to know more friends.

Ⅱ.短语填空

do me a lot of good, refer to, agree with, make sure, one after the other, point of view

1．The linguist said the term is often used to ____________ the United States.

2．____________ you don't get into debt.

3．Health care has ____________．

4．The reporters interviewed the employers __________．

5．Many of them could not ____________ his extreme demands and the violence of his remarks.

6．But she had never met a musician she shared her musical ____________ with until she met him.

Ⅲ.用括号内词的适当形式填空

1．________ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.

2．________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.

3．In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library ________ (be) now as simple and convenient as shopping online: click, pay and wait for delivery.

4．________ (equip) with global vision and the spirit of innovation is crucial to China's young generation.

5．It is agreed that ________ (read) widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.

6．I think it is no good ________ (have) another talk with him over the matter.

7．________ (she) not coming back made her parents angry and sad.

8．________ (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

9．It is fun ________ (play) computer games.

10．It is worthwhile ________ (read) his works.

Section Ⅱ　Using language

要点精研·探究学习

1．①to cheat　②of　③cheated

2．①when　②was looking　③had just turned on the computer

3．①the first woman to reach　②the next person to rise

③The last person to arrive

语法新知·对接课堂

二、

1．Knowing where the ball would go; Shooting with great accuracy　2.It　3.saying when he'll come; arguing with your partner about the matter　4.形容词性

课时达标·随堂自测

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．cheat　2.voicemail　3.yoga　4.advanced　5.remarkable　6.participate

Ⅱ.短语填空

1．refer to　2.Make sure　3.done me a lot of good　4.one after the other　5.agree with　6.point of view

Ⅲ.用括号内词的适当形式填空

1．Knowing　2.Ignoring　3.is　4.Being equipped　5.reading

6．having　7.Her　8.Understanding　

9．playing　10.reading/to read