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北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Lesson 1 Active Learning优质导学案
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这是一份北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Lesson 1 Active Learning优质导学案，共26页。学案主要包含了Hw，befre，cup等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin Ⅱ Lessn 1
1．Discussin—Lk at the fllwing pictures and discuss what active learners d.
a．answer__questins__actively b．ask__questins c.__take__ntes
2．Predictin—Lk at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is prbably abut.
The__text__is__mainly__abut__active__learning__and__hw__t__take__an__active__rle__in__learning.
1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Ask questins
Para.2B．Get t the truth
Para.3 C．Listen t the uter vice
Para.4D．Fcus n the message
Para.5 E．Argue with yur inner vice
Para.6 F．What is active learning?
答案 Para.1 F Para.2 C Para.3 E Para.4 A Para.5 B Para.6 D
2．Secnd reading—Read the text carefully and chse the best answer.
(1)Mst peple believe that ________．
A．we need t train urselves t be better learners
B．the human brain learns all by itself
C．we need t actively take part in the learning prcess
D．it isn’t always true that the human brain is set t be “autmatic”
(2) Hw many suggestins are given in the text t take an active rle in learning?
A．Five. B．Fur. C．Three. D．Six.
(3) Which ne is the easiest way t prmte active learning?
A．Listening t the uter vice.
B．Arguing with yur inner vice.
C．Asking questins.
D．Getting t the truth.
(4)What can we learn frm the text?
A．The uter vice expresses yur persnal pinins.
B．Active learners fcus n what their brain is saying in the backgrund.
C．Active learners accept everything they learn.
D．Active learners dn’t judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feelings.
答案 (1)B (2)A (3)C (4)D
3．Third reading—Read the text and then fill in the frm belw.
1．Discussing ：Which f the suggestins in the text d yu think is the mst useful fr yu? Why?
The__answer__is__pen.
2．Grup wrk：Hw will yu learn actively in the future? Make a list.Then cmpare and discuss with yur grup members.
The__answer__is__pen.
积极的学习活动
1．t take ntes
2．t fcus n
3．t ask questins
4．t reflect n
5．t pay attentin t
6．t be curius abut
7．t be pen－minded
8．t listen t a different pint f view
如何识别文章结构
1．By finding ut the tpic paragraph f the text.
2．By finding ut the tpic sentence f each paragraph.
3．By understanding what the prnuns refer t in the text.
4．By understanding hw the text is develped.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Mst peple assume that the human brain is set t be “ autmatic ”．vt.认为；假定，假设
2．There are tw kinds f vices：the inner vice and the uter vice.adj.内部的
3．Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.adj.灵活的；可变通的
4．S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this.n.恐龙
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．learning prcess学习过程
2．take an active rle in yur learning积极参与学习
3．pay t much attentin t对……多加注意
4．be flexible in yur pinins 灵活表达你的观点
5．in shrt总之；简言之
6．find the truth发现真相
7．get in the way妨碍，阻碍
8．cannt help ding sth禁不住做某事
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．while引导并列句；what 引导宾语从句
Yur inner vice expresses yur persnal pinins，while the uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read.
2．if引导条件状语从句；that 引导宾语从句
S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this.
3．that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句
This ges the ther way as well—d nt just assume that sme peple are always right because f wh they are r just because they are yur friends.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．He attempted (试图) t escape frm the prisn, but he culdn’t find anybdy t help him.
2．We must assume(认为)him t be inncent until he is prved guilty.
3．This heating system has an __autmatic(自动的)temperature cntrl.
4．Mst scientists believe that water desn’t exist(存在)n the surface f the mn.
5．They discussed hw t prmte(促进)cperatin between the tw cuntries.
6．Sme dinsaurs(恐龙)ate meat and sme ate nly plants.
7．She __ignred(置之不理)the stares f everyne arund her.
8．We need a freign plicy that is mre flexible (flex)．
9．After all, it’s __unlikely (likely) that everyne is wrng except yu.
10．Her gentleness has given me a deep impressin ( impress)．
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．I reflected__n(思考)this prpsal fr sme time.
2．I’ll wrk__ut(制定出)the schedule next week.
3．In__shrt(总而言之), we live in an age f challenges.
4．We shall attempt__t (尝试)answer it in this bk.
5．All f the wrk we d is__based__n(以……为基础)science.
6．D nt __argue__with(争吵)the persn if he/she disagrees with yu.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d.如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[仿写] 我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。
I’ll behave tward them __as__I__wuld__like__t__be__treated．
2．If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[仿写] 如果你喜欢，就去做吧！ 如果不喜欢，就算了吧。
If yu like it, just d it! If__nt,__frget it!
3．It is true that we cannt help disliking sme peple—this is human nature，after all.的确，我们禁不住讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人类的本性。
[仿写] 也许这是真的，直到我们失去自己所拥有的东西时，才会认识到它的珍贵。
Maybe it__is__true__that we d nt knw what we have gt until we lse it.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
He attempted t finish his hmewrk n time.But he failed in his attempt.
他试图按时完成作业。但他的尝试失败了。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－sin, －ence
impress (v.)→impressin (n.)
exist (v.)→existence (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ible
flex (v.)→flexible (adj.)
access (v.)→accessible (adj.)
3．否定前缀：un－
likely (adj.)→unlikely
fair (adj.)→unfair
happy (adj.)→unhappy
句型公式
1．as引导的方式状语从句
2．if nt省略结构
3．It＋be＋adj.＋ that...
1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映
t reflect n (教材P52) 反思
[合作探究] 体会reflect的用法和意义
Yu shuld set aside sme time t reflect n yur successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
The mnster’s awful face was reflected in the mirrr.
这个怪物可怕的脸映在了镜子中。
The light is reflected frm the mn.
光从月球反射出来。
[自主发现]
①reflect n思考
②be reflected in 映在……中
③．.. 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等),[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Yur perfrmance as a student will be excellent if yu develp the habit f reflecting __n hw yu learn.
②The sunlight was reflected in the water.
③The setting sun is reflected frm__the windws f the ld huse.
2.argue vi.争吵，争论
Argue with yur inner vice(教材P52) 与内心的声音争辩
[合作探究] 体会argue的用法和意义
I argued with my teacher tday.今天我和老师争吵了。
But there are many peple wh argue fr changing their jbs, they argue that change means prgress.
但是许多人赞成换工作，他们辩解说改变就意味着进步。
It is very difficult t argue against its use.
想要反对使用它是十分困难的。
The by argued with his teacher abut/ver his hmewrk.
那个男孩因为作业与老师争执了起来。
Yu can’t argue him int jining us.你不能说服他加入我们。
[自主发现]
①argue with 争吵
②argue __fr 为……而争论；为……而辩护
③argue against 辩驳
④argue with sb __abut/ver sth 与某人争辩某事
⑤argue sb int ding sth 说服某人做某事,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Why did yu argue__fr such a plicy?
你为什么极力赞成这样的政策？
②She thught it unnecessary t __argue__with__him__abut__it．
她觉得没有必要和他争论。
③They tried t argue__him__int__jining them.
他们试图说服他参加到他们行列中去。
④Father argued__against__an increase in ur pcket mney.
父亲为反对增加我们的零花钱而争论。
3.assume vt.认为；假定，假设 assumptin n．假定；设想
Mst peple assume that the human brain is set n “ autmatic ”．..(教材P52)大多数人认为人的大脑是“自动”运行的……
[合作探究] 体会assume的用法和意义
I assume him t be the cleverest by in this class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
It is assumed that stress is caused by t much wrk.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
Assuming that yu are right, we’ll make a great deal f mney frm the prject.假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
[自主发现]
①assume sb/sth t__be 假定/假设某人/某事为……
②It is assumed __that... 被认为……
③assuming (that)... 假设/假定……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①It is assumed __that there is a direct link between smking and lung cancer.
②We assume him t__be ( be ) inncent befre hearing the evidence against it.
③Assuming (assume) the huse is fr sale, wuld yu buy it?
④A lt f peple make an assumptin(assume) that pverty nly exists in the Third Wrld.
4.impressin n．印象；感想 impress v．使印象深刻；使铭记
Active learners d nt judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feelings.(教材P53)主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断一个人。
[合作探究] 体会impressin的用法和意义
The experience left/made an unfrgettable impressin n me, which is f great significance t my grwth.
那次经历给我留下了难以忘怀的印象，对我的成长有很大的意义。
I have a very gd impressin f him frm the first.
他一开始就给我留下了很好的印象。
I was under the impressin that we wuld have a gd hliday, but it has been raining these days.我原以为我们会有一个愉快的假期，但是近来老是下雨。
[自主发现]
①leave/make an impressin n sb 给某人留下的印象
②have a(n)． f... 对……有……印象
③be under the impressin that... 以为……；(通常指)误认为……
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①All this left__a__deep__impressin__n his yung heart.
这一切给他那颗年轻的心留下了深刻的印象。
②I knw yu __have__a__gd__impressin__f Tm, and Tm always thinks well f yu.
我知道你对汤姆印象很好，汤姆对你的看法也很好。
③He was__under__the__impressin__that they had becme friends.
他误认为他们已经是朋友了。
1.attempt t尝试；试图
They attempt t find the truth at the heart f each idea.(教材P53)
他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
attempt at ding sth 努力做某事；企图做某事
make an attempt t d sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
①He attempted t leave but was stpped.
他试图要走，但被拦住了。
②The bys made an attempt t leave fr camping but were stpped by their parents.
男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。
③He was as prud as a peacck when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，因而得意洋洋。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Every time I attempted t__persuade (persuade) her, I failed cmpletely.
②Nt many peple can answer this questin at__the first attempt.
③He made an attempt t__win(win) the first prize.
④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
→I’ve made__an__attempt__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
→I’ve attempted__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
→I have tried__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
2.be based n以……为根据
Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth.(教材P53)
即使一个想法听起来完全不可能，但是它可能有一个方面是基于事实的。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
把……建立在……的基础上
at the base f 以……为基点；在……的底部
①Edisn based his ideas n scientific experiment.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的。
②The reprt is based entirely n facts.这篇报道完全以事实为根据。
③The camp was lcated at the base f the muntain.
那个营地位于那座山脚下。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①The stry is__based__n real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
②Yu shuld base__yur__pinin__n facts.
你的意见都要以事实为根据。
③We live at__the__base__f the atmsphere.
我们生活在大气的底部中。
1.If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d.(教材P53)
如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[句式解读] 句中as引导方式状语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照……的方式”。
①When in Rme d as the Rmans d.[谚语]入乡随俗。
②Will yu please d the experiment as I am ding?
请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗？
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……；当……的时候”。
③Yu will grw wiser as yu grw lder.随着年龄增长你会变得越来越聪明。
(3)引导原因状语从句，“因为，由于”。
④She may need sme help as she is new here.
她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。
(4)引导让步状语从句，“虽然，尽管”。
⑤Old as he is, he still jgs every day.尽管他上了年纪，仍然每天慢跑。
,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Just as__I__gt__t__the__schl__gate,__I realized I had left my bk in the bkstre.当我到达校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在书店了。
②As__an__ld__saying__ges,__it is never t ld t learn.
正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。
③Hard__as__he__wrked,__he still failed t make bth ends meet.
他尽管努力工作，仍未能做到收支平衡。
④I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting, as__I__had__a__train__t__catch．我开会的时候一直在看表，因为我要赶火车。
2.If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.(教材P53)
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[句式解读] 句中If nt为固定省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。
[用法总结] if nt 相关类似结构：
if s 假如这样的话
if any 即使有(任何)……，即使有……
if ever (即使有……也)极少，难得
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if pssible 如果可能的话
①They think she may try t phne.If s, smene must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
②There are few peple nwadays, if any, wh remember him.
当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。
③If pssible, let me knw befrehand.如果可能，可在事前通知我。
④He seldm, if ever, ges t the mvies by himself.
他不会，即使有也很少，单独去看电影的。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①__If__s,__please respnd t me as quickly as pssible.如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。
②I might see yu tmrrw.If__nt,__then it’ll be Saturday.
我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。
③The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if__ever,__reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。
④If__pssible,__I wish t g there next summer.
如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
⑤If__necessary,__ring me at hme.
如果必要，可往我家里打电话。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Anyne can be an active learner if he/she trains autmatically.Active learners dn’t pay t much attentin 1.t the inner vice because it can stp them frm fully 2.understanding (understand) what they’re hearing r reading.T be 3.an active learner, yu can als react t yur inner vice, fr example, arguing with yur inner vice, and questining yur pint f view.Ask as many 4.questins (questin) as yu can because the answers will lead yu 5.t further learning, and the way f 6.wrking (wrk) ut questins will help yu 7.t__achieve (achieve) a higher level f understanding abut the tpic.Dn’t accept everything yu learn and try t find the 8.__truth(true) at the heart f each idea s yu can understand why peple believe this.Finally, dn’t let yur feelings get in the way when yu’re learning.Even if yu cannt help 9.disliking (dislike) sme peple, yu may still be able t learn 10.frm them.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
史密斯先生基于(be based n)现有的数据发表了一篇关于恐龙灭绝 (dinsaur) 的文章。在他的文章中，他认为(assume) 恐龙的灭绝不仅是由外部(uter)小行星撞击造成的，而且是由地球内部的( inner )不稳定造成的。但一些专家认为这是不可能的(unlikely)，他所说的也不是真的。正如预料的那样，史密斯先生试图(attempt t)说服他们，他们互相争论( argue with)起来。最后，他们写文章互相攻击。他们都忽略(ignre)了在世界的中心(at the heart f)友谊更有价值。最后，他们意识到了自己的错误，互相道了歉，这促进(prmte)了他们的关系。
每个人都有自己的想法，当我们遇到矛盾的时候，有很多灵活的(flexible)解决方案，但是我们需要做的是通过仔细思考(reflect)找到最好的解决方案。毕竟，有时候小的自动的(autmatic)行为会导致大的错误。
,__he__assumed__that__the__extinctin__f__dinsaurs__was__caused__nt__nly__by__uter__asterids’，and__as__expected，they__argued__with__each__ther.Finally,,__they__realized__their__mistakes__and__they__aplgized__t__each__ther__and__this__prmted__their__relatinship.
Everyne__has__his__r__her__wn__ideas，and__when__we__cme__acrss__cntradictins,__there__are__many__flexible__slutins,__but__what__we__need__t__d__is__t__find__the__best__slutin__by__reflecting__carefully.After__all,__smetimes__small__autmatic__actins__can__lead__t__big__mistakes.
接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词－ing形式或不定式” 结构。
示例：I enjy playing basketball.
①Hearing the news, he culdn’t help crying．
②I practice playing the pian twice a week.
③I cnsider waiting a bit lnger befre I give up.
④We arranged t__meet at the statin but she didn’ t turn up.
⑤He decided t__put an advertisement in the newspapers.
⑥ Bill applied __t__jin the plice last week, but he wasn’t tall enugh.
[自主发现1]
有些动词后习惯跟动词－ing形式作宾语；有些动词后习惯跟不定式作宾语。
一、接动词－ing形式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
Yu’d better finish ding yur hmewrk tnight.你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
Wuld yu mind ding me a favur？你介意帮我个忙吗？
If my bss asks me t d such kind f thing any mre, I’ll give up wrking.
如果我老板再要我做这样的事，我就辞职不干了。
I’m lking frward t seeing yu.我盼望着再次见到你。
The dctr advised taking mre exercise.医生建议多锻炼。
[自主发现2]
有些动词和动词短语后常用动词－ing形式作宾语。如：
allw/permit 允许 cnsider 考虑
suggest/advise 建议 finish 完成
imagine 想象 practice 练习
enjy 喜欢 miss 错过，怀念
prevent 阻止 frbid 禁止
escape 避免 include 包括
frgive/pardn/excuse 原谅 avid 避免
can’t help 禁不住 deny 否认
admit 承认 fancy 设想；想做
keep 保持 mind 介意
risk 冒险 can’t stand 不能忍受
feel like 想要 insist n 坚持
delay/put ff 推迟 give up 放弃
be busy 忙于 be wrth 值得
lk frward t 盼望，期待
[名师提醒] 接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
[妙语诠释] 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：m＝mind，r＝risk，s＝succeed in，p＝practice，b＝be busy，l＝lk frward t，a＝admit，c＝can’t help，k＝keep n，m＝miss，i＝insist，s＝suggest，s＝stp，e＝enjy，d＝delay，a＝avid，b＝be devted t, e＝escape, e＝excuse, f＝frbid, b＝be wrth，a＝advise，g＝give up
二、接不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
Can yu affrd t lend me sme mney？你能借一些钱给我吗？
We’ve decided t hld a meeting.我们决定召开一个会议。
He demanded t knw the truth.他要求知道事实真相。
He determined t learn French.他决定学法语。
[自主发现3]
英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用不定式形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词及短语有：
affrd 负担得起 agree 同意
appear 似乎 arrange 安排
ask 要求 attempt 试图
chse 选择 decide 决定
expect 期待 fail 失败
help 帮助 intend 打算
learn 学习 manage 设法
ffer 主动提出 plan 计划
persuade 说服 pretend 假装
prmise 答应 refuse 拒绝
seem 似乎 lng 渴望
wish 希望 determine 决心
refuse 拒绝 want 想要
wuld like/lve/prefer 想要
[名师提醒] 接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。
[妙语诠释]
三个希望两答应：hpe，wish，want，agree，prmise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：pretend，chse
三、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思区别不大的动词
[合作探究]
Frm then n, yu started t wrk/wrking fr yurself.
从那时起，你开始了为自己工作。
They cntinued t argue/arguing till after midnight.
他们继续讨论直到午夜以后。
[自主发现4]
有些动词后跟动词－ing形式和跟不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别，常用的动词有：begin(开始)；start (开始)；cntinue (继续)；intend (打算；想要)。
[名师提醒] 动词need, require, want作“需要” 解时，其后用动词－ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词－ing的主动形式表被动意义。
Yur cat wants washing.＝ Yur cat wants t be washed.
你的外套需要洗了。
四、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思不同的动词
[合作探究]
My father tried t cheer me up.父亲努力让我振作起来。
Let’s try kncking at the back dr.咱们敲后门试试。
Dn’t frget t say “ Thank yu” when smene has helped yu.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I frgt clsing the windws when I returned hme.
我回到家的时候，忘记已经关了窗户。
[自主发现5]
有些动词后接动词－ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
frget ding忘记已做过某事； frget t d 忘记要做某事； remember ding 记得做过某事； remember t d 记住要做某事； mean ding 意思是，意味着； mean t d 打算做； regret ding 后悔做过某事；regret t d 遗憾要做某事；try t d想方设法做某事；try ding 尝试做某事；can’t help ding 禁不住做；can’t help (t) d 不能帮忙做。
不定式与动名词作宾语的差异
1．动词不定式作宾语的时候，宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况不是同一个时间，谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前；只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。此外，动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
2．动名词作宾语的时候，宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的，同时发生或者同时结束。动名词还突出动作的经常性。
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①The by refused t admit stealing (steal) my mney.
②The bird was s lucky that it just missed being__caught (catch)．
③We dn’t allw smking (smke) in the classrm.
④My jb desn’t include making (make) cffee fr the bss.
⑤All ur classmates are cnsidering ging (g) t the city centre fr the fashin shw. [巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①Hw did yu manage t__finish (finish) it s sn?
②He pretended t__like(like) us, but he didn’t.
③Less and less peple can affrd t__g(g) abrad fr their hlidays.
④He agreed t__help (help) but backed ut when he fund hw difficult it was.
[巩固内化3] 完成句子
①He was beginning t__recver when he had anther attack.
他正在开始恢复时，突然病又发作了。
②What d yu intend t__d__/ding when yu get t this place?
你打算到这里干什么？
③She lked up fr a minute and then cntinued t__draw/drawing．
她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画。
[巩固内化4] 完成句子
① Have yu tried__ding__it in anther way?
你尝试用另外一种方法来进行吗？
②D nt frget__t__say thank yu fr peple’s praise.
不要忘记对别人的赞美说感谢。
③I regret__t__say that I cannt g with yu.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。
④Hwever much yu regret__ding__that,__there is nthing yu can d abut it nw.
无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The by planned t__wrk (wrk) in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.
2．She suggested ging (g) ut fr a walk, but I’d rather stay at hme watching TV.
3．—Wuld yu mind pening (pen) the dr?
—Of curse nt.
4．After he had wrked several hurs, he stpped t__drink ( drink) a cup f cffee t refresh himself.
5．Althugh swimming is his favrite sprt, yet he desn’t like t__swim (swim)tday.
6．I frgt giving (give) him the small change s I give him the mney again.
7．The yung plants and flwers need lking/t__be__lked (lk) after carefully.
8．The by wanted t ride his bike in the street, but his parents tld him nt t__d (d)．
9．Please remember t__bring__(bring) yur ntebk here tmrrw.
10．Yu lk s tired, why nt stp t__have (have) a rest?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．His wife desn’t allw__smking inside the rm and ften advises him t__give__up__smking．
他的妻子不允许在室内吸烟，经常劝他戒烟。
2．I’m lking frward t hearing__frm__yu sn.
我期待着很快收到你的来信。
3．Being ill fr a few days, she desn’t feel like eating__anything．她病了几天，什么也不想吃。
4．Wuld yu like t__g__shpping with me?
你愿意和我去购物吗？
5．There have been fewer prblems fr travelers wh chse__t__fly．
对于选择乘飞机旅游的人来说问题更少。
6．Ding ne thing well desn’t mean__ding exactly ne thing.
做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is nt smething utside; it is an inner(内部的)grwth.
2．It can prmte(促进)understanding between us and thers.
3．He thught that if he culdn’t see smething, it didn’t exist(存在)．
4．The study was based n data(数据)frm 2，100 wmen.
5．The intelligence , age and methds f study shuld nt be ignred(忽视)as well.
6．The situatin is unlikely(不大可能的)t change in the near future.
7．What if we were mre flexible(灵活的)with what we culd d with ur time?
8．List the names f sme types f dinsaurs(恐龙)yu knw f.
9．Fr mst f us breathing is autmatic(自动的)．
10．Imagine that yu and I g in uter(外部的)space.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What questins des the text make yu reflect n?
2．But his assumptin (assume) prved t be wrng.
3．If n ne helps him he may end up being (be) a beggar.
4．Yu can actively argue with yur mind.
5．What was yur first impressin (impress) f her?
6．In shrt, it is imprtant that we d nt give up when wrking twards ur gals.
7．I lve what I d.If nt,__I wuld frce myself t.
8．It is true that the prject was cmpleted just in ne year.
9．Chsing the subject is based (base) n this backgrund.
10．As time went (g) by, we knew mre and mre abut urselves.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Learning a Secnd Language
Sme peple learn a secnd language easily.Others have truble learning a new language.Hw can yu help yurself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways t make learning English a little easier and mre interesting.
The first step is t feel psitive abut learning English.If yu believe that yu can learn, yu will learn.Be patient.Yu d nt have t understand everything all at nce.It is natural t make mistakes when yu learn smething new.We can learn frm ur mistakes.In ther wrds, d nt wrry abut taking risks.
The secnd step is t practice yur English.Fr example, write a diary every day.Yu will get used t writing it in English, and yu will feel cmfrtable expressing yur ideas in English.Several weeks later, yu will see that yur writing is imprving.In additin, yu must speak English every day.Yu can practice with yur classmates utside class.Yu will all make mistakes, but gradually yu will becme cmfrtable cmmunicating in English.
The third step is t keep a recrd f yur language learning.Yu can write this in yur jurnal．After each class, think abut what yu did.Did yu answer a questin crrectly? Did yu understand smething the teacher explained? Perhaps the lessn was difficult, but yu tried t understand it.
Yu must be psitive abut learning English and believe that yu can d it.It is imprtant t practice every day and make a recrd f yur achievements.Yu will enjy learning English, and yu will feel mre cnfident in yurself.
【语篇解读】 本文是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。
1．T feel psitive abut learning English means ________．
A．if yu are patient, yu will learn
B．yu can understand everything all at nce
C．if yu make mistakes, yu can learn frm yur mistakes
D．if yu believe yu can learn, yu will learn
答案 D [推理题。根据第二段第二句If yu believe that yu can learn, yu will learn.可知，是指我们在学习语言的时候，要有信心，故D正确。]
2．When yu learn English, yu d nt need t ________．
A．be patient
B．make mistakes
C．express yur ideas in English
D．understand everything all at nce
答案 D [细节题。根据第二段第四句Yu d nt have t understand everything all at nce.可知，D正确。]
3．What is the main idea f this passage?
A．It is very imprtant t learn a secnd language.
B．Sme peple learn a secnd language easily while ther peple d nt.
C．There are ways t help yu learn a secnd language mre easily.
D．Dn’t wrry abut taking risks when learning a secnd language.
答案 C [主旨大意题。文章正是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。故C正确。]
4．What des the underlined wrd“jurnal” in the 4th paragraph mean?
A．DiaryB．Cmpsitin
C．PemD．Newspaper
答案 A [猜测词义题。根据上下文可知，是要做记录，那么应该是在日记本上记录，故A正确。 ]
Ⅳ.完形填空
If yu want t learn a new language，the very first thing t think abut is why.D yu need it fr a __1__ reasn，such as yur jb r yur studies？__2__ perhaps yu’re interested in the __3__，films r music f a different cuntry and yu knw hw much it will help t have a __4__ f the language.
Mst peple learn best using a variety f __5__，but traditinal classes are an ideal (理想的) start fr many peple.They __6__ an envirnment where yu can practice under the __7__ f smene wh’s gd at the language.We all lead __8__ lives and learning a language takes __9__．Yu will have mre success if yu study regularly，s try t develp a __10__．It desn’t matter if yu haven’t gt lng.Becming fluent in a language will take years，but learning t get by takes __11__．
Many peple start learning a language and sn give up.“I’m t__12__，” they say.Yes，children d learn languages mre __13__ than adults，but research has shwn that yu can learn a language at any __14__．And learning is gd fr the health f yur brain，t.I’ve als heard peple __15__ abut the mistakes they make when __16__．Well，relax and laugh abut yur mistakes __17__ yu’re much less likely t make them again.
Learning a new language is never__18__．But with sme wrk and devtin，yu’ll make prgress.And yu’ll be __19__ by the psitive reactin f sme peple when yu say just a few wrds in __20__ wn language.Gd luck!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇关于学习新语言的议论文。学习一门新语言，首先考虑为什么学；为工作或者学习；或者只是感兴趣。
1．A.technicalB．plitical
C．practicalD．physical
答案 C [由后面的解释“例如，你的工作或你的学业”可知，你是为了一个实用的理由才需要学习一门新语言的，故选C项。]
2．A.AfterB．S
C．ThughD．Or
答案 D [本句表达的意思是和上文并列的，故选D项。]
3．A.literatureB．transprt
C．agricultureD．medicine
答案 A [根据语境可知，所填词与后面的films和music并列，被f a different cuntry修饰，故选A项。]
4．A.viewB．knwledge
C．frmD．database
答案 B [文章第一句就说到learn a new language，下文又多次提到learn a language，可推断出这里应为对语言的掌握。have a knwledge f掌握，了解。]
5．A.paintingsB．regulatins
C．methdsD．cmputers
答案 C [大多数人使用各种方法效果不错，但是传统的课堂对许多人来说还是一个理想的开始。methd方法。]
6．A.prtectB．change
C．respectD．prvide
答案 D [这里指传统的课堂给我们提供了能够练习的环境，故选D项。prvide提供。]
7．A.cntrlB．cmmand
C．guidanceD．pressure
答案 C [在这种环境中，你能在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。under the guidance f在……的指导下；under the cntrl f在……的控制下；under the cmmand f在……的命令下；under the pressure f在……的压力下。]
8．A.busyB．happy
C．simpleD．nrmal
答案 A [现代生活节奏较快，故大家都过着忙碌的生活。]
9．A.curageB．time
C．energyD．place
答案 B [学习语言需要花费时间，由下文“Becming fluent in a language will take years...”可知，此处主要是从时间的角度来阐述学习语言的。]
10．A.theryB．business
C．rutineD．prject
答案 C [上句说到你只有经常学习，才能取得更多的成功，因此要尽量把学习变成一种习惯，你才能达到目的。rutine常规，习惯。]
11．A.sme risksB．a lt less
C．sme ntesD．a lt mre
答案 B [前面说“语言要说得流利将会花费数年的时间”，由but这一转折词可知，后面表示的应该是“而只要求说得过去，时间却可以少得多”，故选B项。]
12．A.ldB．nervus
C．weakD．tired
答案 A [后面把孩子学习语言和成年人作比较，故这里表示的是一些人开始学习语言，不久就放弃了，他们的理由就是年龄太大不适合学语言了。]
13．A.clselyB．quickly
C．privatelyD．quietly
答案 B [孩子们比成年人学习语言更快。]
14．A.ageB．speed
C．distanceD．schl
答案 A [研究已经表明你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。but前面讲的就是学习语言的年龄问题，故选A项。]
15．A.wrryB．hesitate
C．thinkD．quarrel
答案 A [我还听说人们担心学习语言的时候会犯错误。wrry abut担心；hesitate犹豫；think abut考虑；quarrel abut争吵。]
16．A.singingB．wrking
C．bargainingD．learning
答案 D [本文讲的就是学习语言的事情，文中多次出现learn。]
17．A.ifB．and
C．butD．befre
答案 B [这里考查的是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”这一固定句型，故选B项。]
18．A.tiresmeB．hard
C．interestingD．easy
答案 D [根据But之后的内容“只要努力和投入，就会取得进步”可知此处所表达的意思是：学习一门新的语言从来不容易，故选D项。]
19．A.blamedB．amazed
C．interruptedD．infrmed
答案 B [be amazed by对……吃惊；be blamed by被……责备；be interrupted by被……打断；be infrmed by被……告知。这里指你会对一些人的良好反应感到吃惊，故选B项。]
20．A.theirB．his
C．urD．yur
答案 A [代替sme peple’s应用their，故选A项。]
Suggestins
Learning prcess
Listen t the uter vice
The uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm ①what__yu__hear__r__read．Active learners are pen－minded and ②fcus__n what the speaker/writer is saying, nt n what their brain is saying in the backgrund.
Argue with yur inner vice,
When yur inner vice tells yu a speaker/writer is wrng, ③think__abut why the speaker/writer may be right. Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up ④agreeing__with the speaker/writer after all. If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
Ask questins
When yu ⑤get__infrmatin frm smene, frm bks r the Internet, ask tw，three, even five questins abut the tpic. The very act f ⑥wrking__ut__questins will help yu t achieve a higher level f understanding abut the tpic.
Get t the truth
Active learners dn’t accept everything they learn. They ⑦attempt__t find the truth ⑧at__the__heart__f each idea. Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth.
Fcus n the message
Active learners d nt judge peple based n ⑨first__impressins r persnal feelings. Instead, they separate the message ⑩frm the messenger.
Sectin Ⅱ Lessn 1
1．Discussin—Lk at the fllwing pictures and discuss what active learners d.
a．answer__questins__actively b．ask__questins c.__take__ntes
2．Predictin—Lk at the pictures and the title and predict what the text is prbably abut.
The__text__is__mainly__abut__active__learning__and__hw__t__take__an__active__rle__in__learning.
1．First reading—Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Ask questins
Para.2B．Get t the truth
Para.3 C．Listen t the uter vice
Para.4D．Fcus n the message
Para.5 E．Argue with yur inner vice
Para.6 F．What is active learning?
答案 Para.1 F Para.2 C Para.3 E Para.4 A Para.5 B Para.6 D
2．Secnd reading—Read the text carefully and chse the best answer.
(1)Mst peple believe that ________．
A．we need t train urselves t be better learners
B．the human brain learns all by itself
C．we need t actively take part in the learning prcess
D．it isn’t always true that the human brain is set t be “autmatic”
(2) Hw many suggestins are given in the text t take an active rle in learning?
A．Five. B．Fur. C．Three. D．Six.
(3) Which ne is the easiest way t prmte active learning?
A．Listening t the uter vice.
B．Arguing with yur inner vice.
C．Asking questins.
D．Getting t the truth.
(4)What can we learn frm the text?
A．The uter vice expresses yur persnal pinins.
B．Active learners fcus n what their brain is saying in the backgrund.
C．Active learners accept everything they learn.
D．Active learners dn’t judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feelings.
答案 (1)B (2)A (3)C (4)D
3．Third reading—Read the text and then fill in the frm belw.
1．Discussing ：Which f the suggestins in the text d yu think is the mst useful fr yu? Why?
The__answer__is__pen.
2．Grup wrk：Hw will yu learn actively in the future? Make a list.Then cmpare and discuss with yur grup members.
The__answer__is__pen.
积极的学习活动
1．t take ntes
2．t fcus n
3．t ask questins
4．t reflect n
5．t pay attentin t
6．t be curius abut
7．t be pen－minded
8．t listen t a different pint f view
如何识别文章结构
1．By finding ut the tpic paragraph f the text.
2．By finding ut the tpic sentence f each paragraph.
3．By understanding what the prnuns refer t in the text.
4．By understanding hw the text is develped.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．Mst peple assume that the human brain is set t be “ autmatic ”．vt.认为；假定，假设
2．There are tw kinds f vices：the inner vice and the uter vice.adj.内部的
3．Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.adj.灵活的；可变通的
4．S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this.n.恐龙
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．learning prcess学习过程
2．take an active rle in yur learning积极参与学习
3．pay t much attentin t对……多加注意
4．be flexible in yur pinins 灵活表达你的观点
5．in shrt总之；简言之
6．find the truth发现真相
7．get in the way妨碍，阻碍
8．cannt help ding sth禁不住做某事
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．while引导并列句；what 引导宾语从句
Yur inner vice expresses yur persnal pinins，while the uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm what yu hear r read.
2．if引导条件状语从句；that 引导宾语从句
S if smene says that dinsaurs still exist tday, think abut why they believe this.
3．that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句
This ges the ther way as well—d nt just assume that sme peple are always right because f wh they are r just because they are yur friends.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．He attempted (试图) t escape frm the prisn, but he culdn’t find anybdy t help him.
2．We must assume(认为)him t be inncent until he is prved guilty.
3．This heating system has an __autmatic(自动的)temperature cntrl.
4．Mst scientists believe that water desn’t exist(存在)n the surface f the mn.
5．They discussed hw t prmte(促进)cperatin between the tw cuntries.
6．Sme dinsaurs(恐龙)ate meat and sme ate nly plants.
7．She __ignred(置之不理)the stares f everyne arund her.
8．We need a freign plicy that is mre flexible (flex)．
9．After all, it’s __unlikely (likely) that everyne is wrng except yu.
10．Her gentleness has given me a deep impressin ( impress)．
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．I reflected__n(思考)this prpsal fr sme time.
2．I’ll wrk__ut(制定出)the schedule next week.
3．In__shrt(总而言之), we live in an age f challenges.
4．We shall attempt__t (尝试)answer it in this bk.
5．All f the wrk we d is__based__n(以……为基础)science.
6．D nt __argue__with(争吵)the persn if he/she disagrees with yu.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d.如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[仿写] 我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。
I’ll behave tward them __as__I__wuld__like__t__be__treated．
2．If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[仿写] 如果你喜欢，就去做吧！ 如果不喜欢，就算了吧。
If yu like it, just d it! If__nt,__frget it!
3．It is true that we cannt help disliking sme peple—this is human nature，after all.的确，我们禁不住讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人类的本性。
[仿写] 也许这是真的，直到我们失去自己所拥有的东西时，才会认识到它的珍贵。
Maybe it__is__true__that we d nt knw what we have gt until we lse it.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
He attempted t finish his hmewrk n time.But he failed in his attempt.
他试图按时完成作业。但他的尝试失败了。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－sin, －ence
impress (v.)→impressin (n.)
exist (v.)→existence (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ible
flex (v.)→flexible (adj.)
access (v.)→accessible (adj.)
3．否定前缀：un－
likely (adj.)→unlikely
fair (adj.)→unfair
happy (adj.)→unhappy
句型公式
1．as引导的方式状语从句
2．if nt省略结构
3．It＋be＋adj.＋ that...
1.reflect vi.& vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映
t reflect n (教材P52) 反思
[合作探究] 体会reflect的用法和意义
Yu shuld set aside sme time t reflect n yur successes and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
The mnster’s awful face was reflected in the mirrr.
这个怪物可怕的脸映在了镜子中。
The light is reflected frm the mn.
光从月球反射出来。
[自主发现]
①reflect n思考
②be reflected in 映在……中
③．.. 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等),[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Yur perfrmance as a student will be excellent if yu develp the habit f reflecting __n hw yu learn.
②The sunlight was reflected in the water.
③The setting sun is reflected frm__the windws f the ld huse.
2.argue vi.争吵，争论
Argue with yur inner vice(教材P52) 与内心的声音争辩
[合作探究] 体会argue的用法和意义
I argued with my teacher tday.今天我和老师争吵了。
But there are many peple wh argue fr changing their jbs, they argue that change means prgress.
但是许多人赞成换工作，他们辩解说改变就意味着进步。
It is very difficult t argue against its use.
想要反对使用它是十分困难的。
The by argued with his teacher abut/ver his hmewrk.
那个男孩因为作业与老师争执了起来。
Yu can’t argue him int jining us.你不能说服他加入我们。
[自主发现]
①argue with 争吵
②argue __fr 为……而争论；为……而辩护
③argue against 辩驳
④argue with sb __abut/ver sth 与某人争辩某事
⑤argue sb int ding sth 说服某人做某事,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Why did yu argue__fr such a plicy?
你为什么极力赞成这样的政策？
②She thught it unnecessary t __argue__with__him__abut__it．
她觉得没有必要和他争论。
③They tried t argue__him__int__jining them.
他们试图说服他参加到他们行列中去。
④Father argued__against__an increase in ur pcket mney.
父亲为反对增加我们的零花钱而争论。
3.assume vt.认为；假定，假设 assumptin n．假定；设想
Mst peple assume that the human brain is set n “ autmatic ”．..(教材P52)大多数人认为人的大脑是“自动”运行的……
[合作探究] 体会assume的用法和意义
I assume him t be the cleverest by in this class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的学生。
It is assumed that stress is caused by t much wrk.
一般认为，压力是过重工作所致。
Assuming that yu are right, we’ll make a great deal f mney frm the prject.假定你是正确的，那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
[自主发现]
①assume sb/sth t__be 假定/假设某人/某事为……
②It is assumed __that... 被认为……
③assuming (that)... 假设/假定……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①It is assumed __that there is a direct link between smking and lung cancer.
②We assume him t__be ( be ) inncent befre hearing the evidence against it.
③Assuming (assume) the huse is fr sale, wuld yu buy it?
④A lt f peple make an assumptin(assume) that pverty nly exists in the Third Wrld.
4.impressin n．印象；感想 impress v．使印象深刻；使铭记
Active learners d nt judge peple based n first impressins r persnal feelings.(教材P53)主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断一个人。
[合作探究] 体会impressin的用法和意义
The experience left/made an unfrgettable impressin n me, which is f great significance t my grwth.
那次经历给我留下了难以忘怀的印象，对我的成长有很大的意义。
I have a very gd impressin f him frm the first.
他一开始就给我留下了很好的印象。
I was under the impressin that we wuld have a gd hliday, but it has been raining these days.我原以为我们会有一个愉快的假期，但是近来老是下雨。
[自主发现]
①leave/make an impressin n sb 给某人留下的印象
②have a(n)． f... 对……有……印象
③be under the impressin that... 以为……；(通常指)误认为……
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①All this left__a__deep__impressin__n his yung heart.
这一切给他那颗年轻的心留下了深刻的印象。
②I knw yu __have__a__gd__impressin__f Tm, and Tm always thinks well f yu.
我知道你对汤姆印象很好，汤姆对你的看法也很好。
③He was__under__the__impressin__that they had becme friends.
他误认为他们已经是朋友了。
1.attempt t尝试；试图
They attempt t find the truth at the heart f each idea.(教材P53)
他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
attempt at ding sth 努力做某事；企图做某事
make an attempt t d sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
①He attempted t leave but was stpped.
他试图要走，但被拦住了。
②The bys made an attempt t leave fr camping but were stpped by their parents.
男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。
③He was as prud as a peacck when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试，因而得意洋洋。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Every time I attempted t__persuade (persuade) her, I failed cmpletely.
②Nt many peple can answer this questin at__the first attempt.
③He made an attempt t__win(win) the first prize.
④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。
→I’ve made__an__attempt__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
→I’ve attempted__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
→I have tried__t__cnvince__her f his hnesty，but in vain.
2.be based n以……为根据
Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth.(教材P53)
即使一个想法听起来完全不可能，但是它可能有一个方面是基于事实的。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
把……建立在……的基础上
at the base f 以……为基点；在……的底部
①Edisn based his ideas n scientific experiment.
爱迪生的想法是建立在科学实验的基础上的。
②The reprt is based entirely n facts.这篇报道完全以事实为根据。
③The camp was lcated at the base f the muntain.
那个营地位于那座山脚下。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①The stry is__based__n real life.
那故事是根据现实生活而写的。
②Yu shuld base__yur__pinin__n facts.
你的意见都要以事实为根据。
③We live at__the__base__f the atmsphere.
我们生活在大气的底部中。
1.If yu find yur inner vice difficult t cntrl, yu can argue with it as mst active learners d.(教材P53)
如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[句式解读] 句中as引导方式状语从句。
[用法总结]
(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照……的方式”。
①When in Rme d as the Rmans d.[谚语]入乡随俗。
②Will yu please d the experiment as I am ding?
请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗？
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……；当……的时候”。
③Yu will grw wiser as yu grw lder.随着年龄增长你会变得越来越聪明。
(3)引导原因状语从句，“因为，由于”。
④She may need sme help as she is new here.
她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。
(4)引导让步状语从句，“虽然，尽管”。
⑤Old as he is, he still jgs every day.尽管他上了年纪，仍然每天慢跑。
,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Just as__I__gt__t__the__schl__gate,__I realized I had left my bk in the bkstre.当我到达校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在书店了。
②As__an__ld__saying__ges,__it is never t ld t learn.
正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。
③Hard__as__he__wrked,__he still failed t make bth ends meet.
他尽管努力工作，仍未能做到收支平衡。
④I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting, as__I__had__a__train__t__catch．我开会的时候一直在看表，因为我要赶火车。
2.If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.(教材P53)
如果不是这样的话，至少你听过另一种观点。
[句式解读] 句中If nt为固定省略结构，意为“如果不是这样的话”。
[用法总结] if nt 相关类似结构：
if s 假如这样的话
if any 即使有(任何)……，即使有……
if ever (即使有……也)极少，难得
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if pssible 如果可能的话
①They think she may try t phne.If s, smene must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
②There are few peple nwadays, if any, wh remember him.
当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。
③If pssible, let me knw befrehand.如果可能，可在事前通知我。
④He seldm, if ever, ges t the mvies by himself.
他不会，即使有也很少，单独去看电影的。,[巩固内化] 完成句子
①__If__s,__please respnd t me as quickly as pssible.如果是这样的话，请尽快给我回信。
②I might see yu tmrrw.If__nt,__then it’ll be Saturday.
我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。
③The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if__ever,__reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。
④If__pssible,__I wish t g there next summer.
如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。
⑤If__necessary,__ring me at hme.
如果必要，可往我家里打电话。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Anyne can be an active learner if he/she trains autmatically.Active learners dn’t pay t much attentin 1.t the inner vice because it can stp them frm fully 2.understanding (understand) what they’re hearing r reading.T be 3.an active learner, yu can als react t yur inner vice, fr example, arguing with yur inner vice, and questining yur pint f view.Ask as many 4.questins (questin) as yu can because the answers will lead yu 5.t further learning, and the way f 6.wrking (wrk) ut questins will help yu 7.t__achieve (achieve) a higher level f understanding abut the tpic.Dn’t accept everything yu learn and try t find the 8.__truth(true) at the heart f each idea s yu can understand why peple believe this.Finally, dn’t let yur feelings get in the way when yu’re learning.Even if yu cannt help 9.disliking (dislike) sme peple, yu may still be able t learn 10.frm them.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
史密斯先生基于(be based n)现有的数据发表了一篇关于恐龙灭绝 (dinsaur) 的文章。在他的文章中，他认为(assume) 恐龙的灭绝不仅是由外部(uter)小行星撞击造成的，而且是由地球内部的( inner )不稳定造成的。但一些专家认为这是不可能的(unlikely)，他所说的也不是真的。正如预料的那样，史密斯先生试图(attempt t)说服他们，他们互相争论( argue with)起来。最后，他们写文章互相攻击。他们都忽略(ignre)了在世界的中心(at the heart f)友谊更有价值。最后，他们意识到了自己的错误，互相道了歉，这促进(prmte)了他们的关系。
每个人都有自己的想法，当我们遇到矛盾的时候，有很多灵活的(flexible)解决方案，但是我们需要做的是通过仔细思考(reflect)找到最好的解决方案。毕竟，有时候小的自动的(autmatic)行为会导致大的错误。
,__he__assumed__that__the__extinctin__f__dinsaurs__was__caused__nt__nly__by__uter__asterids’，and__as__expected，they__argued__with__each__ther.Finally,,__they__realized__their__mistakes__and__they__aplgized__t__each__ther__and__this__prmted__their__relatinship.
Everyne__has__his__r__her__wn__ideas，and__when__we__cme__acrss__cntradictins,__there__are__many__flexible__slutins,__but__what__we__need__t__d__is__t__find__the__best__slutin__by__reflecting__carefully.After__all,__smetimes__small__autmatic__actins__can__lead__t__big__mistakes.
接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究] 画出下列句子中的 “动词－ing形式或不定式” 结构。
示例：I enjy playing basketball.
①Hearing the news, he culdn’t help crying．
②I practice playing the pian twice a week.
③I cnsider waiting a bit lnger befre I give up.
④We arranged t__meet at the statin but she didn’ t turn up.
⑤He decided t__put an advertisement in the newspapers.
⑥ Bill applied __t__jin the plice last week, but he wasn’t tall enugh.
[自主发现1]
有些动词后习惯跟动词－ing形式作宾语；有些动词后习惯跟不定式作宾语。
一、接动词－ing形式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
Yu’d better finish ding yur hmewrk tnight.你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
Wuld yu mind ding me a favur？你介意帮我个忙吗？
If my bss asks me t d such kind f thing any mre, I’ll give up wrking.
如果我老板再要我做这样的事，我就辞职不干了。
I’m lking frward t seeing yu.我盼望着再次见到你。
The dctr advised taking mre exercise.医生建议多锻炼。
[自主发现2]
有些动词和动词短语后常用动词－ing形式作宾语。如：
allw/permit 允许 cnsider 考虑
suggest/advise 建议 finish 完成
imagine 想象 practice 练习
enjy 喜欢 miss 错过，怀念
prevent 阻止 frbid 禁止
escape 避免 include 包括
frgive/pardn/excuse 原谅 avid 避免
can’t help 禁不住 deny 否认
admit 承认 fancy 设想；想做
keep 保持 mind 介意
risk 冒险 can’t stand 不能忍受
feel like 想要 insist n 坚持
delay/put ff 推迟 give up 放弃
be busy 忙于 be wrth 值得
lk frward t 盼望，期待
[名师提醒] 接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
[妙语诠释] 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：m＝mind，r＝risk，s＝succeed in，p＝practice，b＝be busy，l＝lk frward t，a＝admit，c＝can’t help，k＝keep n，m＝miss，i＝insist，s＝suggest，s＝stp，e＝enjy，d＝delay，a＝avid，b＝be devted t, e＝escape, e＝excuse, f＝frbid, b＝be wrth，a＝advise，g＝give up
二、接不定式作宾语的动词
[合作探究]
Can yu affrd t lend me sme mney？你能借一些钱给我吗？
We’ve decided t hld a meeting.我们决定召开一个会议。
He demanded t knw the truth.他要求知道事实真相。
He determined t learn French.他决定学法语。
[自主发现3]
英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用不定式形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词及短语有：
affrd 负担得起 agree 同意
appear 似乎 arrange 安排
ask 要求 attempt 试图
chse 选择 decide 决定
expect 期待 fail 失败
help 帮助 intend 打算
learn 学习 manage 设法
ffer 主动提出 plan 计划
persuade 说服 pretend 假装
prmise 答应 refuse 拒绝
seem 似乎 lng 渴望
wish 希望 determine 决心
refuse 拒绝 want 想要
wuld like/lve/prefer 想要
[名师提醒] 接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。
[妙语诠释]
三个希望两答应：hpe，wish，want，agree，prmise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
不要假装在选择：pretend，chse
三、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思区别不大的动词
[合作探究]
Frm then n, yu started t wrk/wrking fr yurself.
从那时起，你开始了为自己工作。
They cntinued t argue/arguing till after midnight.
他们继续讨论直到午夜以后。
[自主发现4]
有些动词后跟动词－ing形式和跟不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别，常用的动词有：begin(开始)；start (开始)；cntinue (继续)；intend (打算；想要)。
[名师提醒] 动词need, require, want作“需要” 解时，其后用动词－ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词－ing的主动形式表被动意义。
Yur cat wants washing.＝ Yur cat wants t be washed.
你的外套需要洗了。
四、接动词－ing形式或不定式作宾语意思不同的动词
[合作探究]
My father tried t cheer me up.父亲努力让我振作起来。
Let’s try kncking at the back dr.咱们敲后门试试。
Dn’t frget t say “ Thank yu” when smene has helped yu.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I frgt clsing the windws when I returned hme.
我回到家的时候，忘记已经关了窗户。
[自主发现5]
有些动词后接动词－ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：
frget ding忘记已做过某事； frget t d 忘记要做某事； remember ding 记得做过某事； remember t d 记住要做某事； mean ding 意思是，意味着； mean t d 打算做； regret ding 后悔做过某事；regret t d 遗憾要做某事；try t d想方设法做某事；try ding 尝试做某事；can’t help ding 禁不住做；can’t help (t) d 不能帮忙做。
不定式与动名词作宾语的差异
1．动词不定式作宾语的时候，宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况不是同一个时间，谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前；只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。此外，动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
2．动名词作宾语的时候，宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的，同时发生或者同时结束。动名词还突出动作的经常性。
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
①The by refused t admit stealing (steal) my mney.
②The bird was s lucky that it just missed being__caught (catch)．
③We dn’t allw smking (smke) in the classrm.
④My jb desn’t include making (make) cffee fr the bss.
⑤All ur classmates are cnsidering ging (g) t the city centre fr the fashin shw. [巩固内化2] 单句语法填空
①Hw did yu manage t__finish (finish) it s sn?
②He pretended t__like(like) us, but he didn’t.
③Less and less peple can affrd t__g(g) abrad fr their hlidays.
④He agreed t__help (help) but backed ut when he fund hw difficult it was.
[巩固内化3] 完成句子
①He was beginning t__recver when he had anther attack.
他正在开始恢复时，突然病又发作了。
②What d yu intend t__d__/ding when yu get t this place?
你打算到这里干什么？
③She lked up fr a minute and then cntinued t__draw/drawing．
她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画。
[巩固内化4] 完成句子
① Have yu tried__ding__it in anther way?
你尝试用另外一种方法来进行吗？
②D nt frget__t__say thank yu fr peple’s praise.
不要忘记对别人的赞美说感谢。
③I regret__t__say that I cannt g with yu.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。
④Hwever much yu regret__ding__that,__there is nthing yu can d abut it nw.
无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The by planned t__wrk (wrk) in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.
2．She suggested ging (g) ut fr a walk, but I’d rather stay at hme watching TV.
3．—Wuld yu mind pening (pen) the dr?
—Of curse nt.
4．After he had wrked several hurs, he stpped t__drink ( drink) a cup f cffee t refresh himself.
5．Althugh swimming is his favrite sprt, yet he desn’t like t__swim (swim)tday.
6．I frgt giving (give) him the small change s I give him the mney again.
7．The yung plants and flwers need lking/t__be__lked (lk) after carefully.
8．The by wanted t ride his bike in the street, but his parents tld him nt t__d (d)．
9．Please remember t__bring__(bring) yur ntebk here tmrrw.
10．Yu lk s tired, why nt stp t__have (have) a rest?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．His wife desn’t allw__smking inside the rm and ften advises him t__give__up__smking．
他的妻子不允许在室内吸烟，经常劝他戒烟。
2．I’m lking frward t hearing__frm__yu sn.
我期待着很快收到你的来信。
3．Being ill fr a few days, she desn’t feel like eating__anything．她病了几天，什么也不想吃。
4．Wuld yu like t__g__shpping with me?
你愿意和我去购物吗？
5．There have been fewer prblems fr travelers wh chse__t__fly．
对于选择乘飞机旅游的人来说问题更少。
6．Ding ne thing well desn’t mean__ding exactly ne thing.
做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is nt smething utside; it is an inner(内部的)grwth.
2．It can prmte(促进)understanding between us and thers.
3．He thught that if he culdn’t see smething, it didn’t exist(存在)．
4．The study was based n data(数据)frm 2，100 wmen.
5．The intelligence , age and methds f study shuld nt be ignred(忽视)as well.
6．The situatin is unlikely(不大可能的)t change in the near future.
7．What if we were mre flexible(灵活的)with what we culd d with ur time?
8．List the names f sme types f dinsaurs(恐龙)yu knw f.
9．Fr mst f us breathing is autmatic(自动的)．
10．Imagine that yu and I g in uter(外部的)space.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．What questins des the text make yu reflect n?
2．But his assumptin (assume) prved t be wrng.
3．If n ne helps him he may end up being (be) a beggar.
4．Yu can actively argue with yur mind.
5．What was yur first impressin (impress) f her?
6．In shrt, it is imprtant that we d nt give up when wrking twards ur gals.
7．I lve what I d.If nt,__I wuld frce myself t.
8．It is true that the prject was cmpleted just in ne year.
9．Chsing the subject is based (base) n this backgrund.
10．As time went (g) by, we knew mre and mre abut urselves.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Learning a Secnd Language
Sme peple learn a secnd language easily.Others have truble learning a new language.Hw can yu help yurself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways t make learning English a little easier and mre interesting.
The first step is t feel psitive abut learning English.If yu believe that yu can learn, yu will learn.Be patient.Yu d nt have t understand everything all at nce.It is natural t make mistakes when yu learn smething new.We can learn frm ur mistakes.In ther wrds, d nt wrry abut taking risks.
The secnd step is t practice yur English.Fr example, write a diary every day.Yu will get used t writing it in English, and yu will feel cmfrtable expressing yur ideas in English.Several weeks later, yu will see that yur writing is imprving.In additin, yu must speak English every day.Yu can practice with yur classmates utside class.Yu will all make mistakes, but gradually yu will becme cmfrtable cmmunicating in English.
The third step is t keep a recrd f yur language learning.Yu can write this in yur jurnal．After each class, think abut what yu did.Did yu answer a questin crrectly? Did yu understand smething the teacher explained? Perhaps the lessn was difficult, but yu tried t understand it.
Yu must be psitive abut learning English and believe that yu can d it.It is imprtant t practice every day and make a recrd f yur achievements.Yu will enjy learning English, and yu will feel mre cnfident in yurself.
【语篇解读】 本文是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。
1．T feel psitive abut learning English means ________．
A．if yu are patient, yu will learn
B．yu can understand everything all at nce
C．if yu make mistakes, yu can learn frm yur mistakes
D．if yu believe yu can learn, yu will learn
答案 D [推理题。根据第二段第二句If yu believe that yu can learn, yu will learn.可知，是指我们在学习语言的时候，要有信心，故D正确。]
2．When yu learn English, yu d nt need t ________．
A．be patient
B．make mistakes
C．express yur ideas in English
D．understand everything all at nce
答案 D [细节题。根据第二段第四句Yu d nt have t understand everything all at nce.可知，D正确。]
3．What is the main idea f this passage?
A．It is very imprtant t learn a secnd language.
B．Sme peple learn a secnd language easily while ther peple d nt.
C．There are ways t help yu learn a secnd language mre easily.
D．Dn’t wrry abut taking risks when learning a secnd language.
答案 C [主旨大意题。文章正是关于更容易地学习第二语言的方法。故C正确。]
4．What des the underlined wrd“jurnal” in the 4th paragraph mean?
A．DiaryB．Cmpsitin
C．PemD．Newspaper
答案 A [猜测词义题。根据上下文可知，是要做记录，那么应该是在日记本上记录，故A正确。 ]
Ⅳ.完形填空
If yu want t learn a new language，the very first thing t think abut is why.D yu need it fr a __1__ reasn，such as yur jb r yur studies？__2__ perhaps yu’re interested in the __3__，films r music f a different cuntry and yu knw hw much it will help t have a __4__ f the language.
Mst peple learn best using a variety f __5__，but traditinal classes are an ideal (理想的) start fr many peple.They __6__ an envirnment where yu can practice under the __7__ f smene wh’s gd at the language.We all lead __8__ lives and learning a language takes __9__．Yu will have mre success if yu study regularly，s try t develp a __10__．It desn’t matter if yu haven’t gt lng.Becming fluent in a language will take years，but learning t get by takes __11__．
Many peple start learning a language and sn give up.“I’m t__12__，” they say.Yes，children d learn languages mre __13__ than adults，but research has shwn that yu can learn a language at any __14__．And learning is gd fr the health f yur brain，t.I’ve als heard peple __15__ abut the mistakes they make when __16__．Well，relax and laugh abut yur mistakes __17__ yu’re much less likely t make them again.
Learning a new language is never__18__．But with sme wrk and devtin，yu’ll make prgress.And yu’ll be __19__ by the psitive reactin f sme peple when yu say just a few wrds in __20__ wn language.Gd luck!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇关于学习新语言的议论文。学习一门新语言，首先考虑为什么学；为工作或者学习；或者只是感兴趣。
1．A.technicalB．plitical
C．practicalD．physical
答案 C [由后面的解释“例如，你的工作或你的学业”可知，你是为了一个实用的理由才需要学习一门新语言的，故选C项。]
2．A.AfterB．S
C．ThughD．Or
答案 D [本句表达的意思是和上文并列的，故选D项。]
3．A.literatureB．transprt
C．agricultureD．medicine
答案 A [根据语境可知，所填词与后面的films和music并列，被f a different cuntry修饰，故选A项。]
4．A.viewB．knwledge
C．frmD．database
答案 B [文章第一句就说到learn a new language，下文又多次提到learn a language，可推断出这里应为对语言的掌握。have a knwledge f掌握，了解。]
5．A.paintingsB．regulatins
C．methdsD．cmputers
答案 C [大多数人使用各种方法效果不错，但是传统的课堂对许多人来说还是一个理想的开始。methd方法。]
6．A.prtectB．change
C．respectD．prvide
答案 D [这里指传统的课堂给我们提供了能够练习的环境，故选D项。prvide提供。]
7．A.cntrlB．cmmand
C．guidanceD．pressure
答案 C [在这种环境中，你能在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。under the guidance f在……的指导下；under the cntrl f在……的控制下；under the cmmand f在……的命令下；under the pressure f在……的压力下。]
8．A.busyB．happy
C．simpleD．nrmal
答案 A [现代生活节奏较快，故大家都过着忙碌的生活。]
9．A.curageB．time
C．energyD．place
答案 B [学习语言需要花费时间，由下文“Becming fluent in a language will take years...”可知，此处主要是从时间的角度来阐述学习语言的。]
10．A.theryB．business
C．rutineD．prject
答案 C [上句说到你只有经常学习，才能取得更多的成功，因此要尽量把学习变成一种习惯，你才能达到目的。rutine常规，习惯。]
11．A.sme risksB．a lt less
C．sme ntesD．a lt mre
答案 B [前面说“语言要说得流利将会花费数年的时间”，由but这一转折词可知，后面表示的应该是“而只要求说得过去，时间却可以少得多”，故选B项。]
12．A.ldB．nervus
C．weakD．tired
答案 A [后面把孩子学习语言和成年人作比较，故这里表示的是一些人开始学习语言，不久就放弃了，他们的理由就是年龄太大不适合学语言了。]
13．A.clselyB．quickly
C．privatelyD．quietly
答案 B [孩子们比成年人学习语言更快。]
14．A.ageB．speed
C．distanceD．schl
答案 A [研究已经表明你可以在任何年龄学习一门语言。but前面讲的就是学习语言的年龄问题，故选A项。]
15．A.wrryB．hesitate
C．thinkD．quarrel
答案 A [我还听说人们担心学习语言的时候会犯错误。wrry abut担心；hesitate犹豫；think abut考虑；quarrel abut争吵。]
16．A.singingB．wrking
C．bargainingD．learning
答案 D [本文讲的就是学习语言的事情，文中多次出现learn。]
17．A.ifB．and
C．butD．befre
答案 B [这里考查的是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”这一固定句型，故选B项。]
18．A.tiresmeB．hard
C．interestingD．easy
答案 D [根据But之后的内容“只要努力和投入，就会取得进步”可知此处所表达的意思是：学习一门新的语言从来不容易，故选D项。]
19．A.blamedB．amazed
C．interruptedD．infrmed
答案 B [be amazed by对……吃惊；be blamed by被……责备；be interrupted by被……打断；be infrmed by被……告知。这里指你会对一些人的良好反应感到吃惊，故选B项。]
20．A.theirB．his
C．urD．yur
答案 A [代替sme peple’s应用their，故选A项。]
Suggestins
Learning prcess
Listen t the uter vice
The uter vice tells yu abut pinins frm ①what__yu__hear__r__read．Active learners are pen－minded and ②fcus__n what the speaker/writer is saying, nt n what their brain is saying in the backgrund.
Argue with yur inner vice,
When yur inner vice tells yu a speaker/writer is wrng, ③think__abut why the speaker/writer may be right. Be flexible in yur pinins and yu might end up ④agreeing__with the speaker/writer after all. If nt, at least yu have “listened t” anther pint f view.
Ask questins
When yu ⑤get__infrmatin frm smene, frm bks r the Internet, ask tw，three, even five questins abut the tpic. The very act f ⑥wrking__ut__questins will help yu t achieve a higher level f understanding abut the tpic.
Get t the truth
Active learners dn’t accept everything they learn. They ⑦attempt__t find the truth ⑧at__the__heart__f each idea. Even when an idea sunds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect f it that is based n truth.
Fcus n the message
Active learners d nt judge peple based n ⑨first__impressins r persnal feelings. Instead, they separate the message ⑩frm the messenger.
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