英语Unit 6 At one with nature优秀第2课时同步训练题

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目标导航

知识精讲
“介词+which/whm”引导的定语从句
引入： 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时， 我们通常用“介词+which/whm”引导的定语从句。
如果先行词指人， 用“介词+whm”引导的定语从句
如果先行词指物， 用“介词+which引导的定语从句
一、 相关概念：
1.定义:
“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如：
The man wh/whm /that yu spke t is a teacher.
=The man t whm yu spke is a teacher.
结构解释
“介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, n, abut, frm, fr, with, t at, f, withut 等，关系代词可用whm或 which,不可用 that 。其中whm代表人，which代表物。有些地方偶尔考查“介词+whse+名词”结构。
Wh is the cmrade with whm yu shk hands?
He wrks in a factry, in frnt f which there is a river
Give me the bk the cver f which is red (the cver f which=whse cver)
He is the man whse father is a teacher.=He is the man the father f whm is a teacher.
This is the neighbrhd frm whm I brrwed the bicycle.
考点精讲
考点1：介词+which(先行词是物）
关系副词=介词+which
when=介词+which（先行词是时间）
D yu remember the day when (=n which)yu jined the army?
I still remember the day when (=n which)yu left fr Beijing.
where=介词+which（先行词是地点）
This is the schl where(=in which) I used t study.
That is the place (=in which) he wrked last year.
why=介词+which（先行词是原因）
I dn’t knw the reasn why (=fr which) he was late.
Culd yu please tell me the reasn (=fr which) yu missed the flight?
注意：that=in which（先行词是方式）
I dn’t like the way that(=in which) yu talked t yur mther just nw.
I enjy the way (=in which) yu deal with the matter.
关系代词whse与f whm/f which转换
1) 指物=f which 表所修饰的“某物的“
I live in the rm whse windw faces suth.
I live in the rm, the windw f which faces suth
2）指人=f whm 表示所修饰的“某（些）人的用做所修饰的先行词的所有格。
A child whse parents are dead is called an rphan.
考点2：介词+whm（先行词是人）
D yu knw the girl t whm I talked just nw?
This is the by frm whm I learned the news.
考点3：名词/代词+介词+关系代词
此类结构常见的词有ne/bth/sme/mst/several/few/the 比较级/the 最高级/分数+f+which/whm
He lves his parents deeply, bth f whm are very kind t him.
There are tw apples n the table, the larger f which(=and the larger f them) is red.
考点4：介词+whse+名词（先行词是人或物）
She is an excellent teacher, with whse help I made great prgress in English.
I wrk in a schl, in whse frnt there is a bank.
考点5：介词的选择：看前看后看意思“一先二动三意义四特殊”
A.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配确定
There was n way in which it culd be bught back t the earth. ( in this way)
B.依据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配
Mr. Smith bught a new huse n which he spent all his mney.
C.根据所表达的意思确定
The gas with which dctrs can save the patients is called xygen.
The gas withut which we can nt live is called xygen.
四特殊：f+关系代词
There are sixty students in ur class, twenty f whm are girls.
考点6：lk fr,lk after等固定短语，在定语从句中一般不将介词和动词分开。
1）This is the watch (which/that) I am lking fr.
The babies (whm/wh/that)the nurse is lking after are very healthy.
巩固练习
A.单选选择
( )1. He was educated at a lcal grammar schl, ____ he went n t Cambridge.
A. frm which B. after that C. after which D. frm this
( )2.She was educated at Beijing University, ______ she went n t have her advanced study abrad.
A. after that B. frm that C. frm which D. after which
( )3.Gun cntrl is a subject _________Americans have argued fr a lng time.
A. f which B. with which C. abut which D. int which
( )4.Wind pwer is an ancient surce f energy ______we may return in the near future.
A. n which B. by which C. t which D. frm which
( )5.The settlement is hme t nearly 1,000 peple ,many f _____left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
A.whm B.which C.them D.whse
( )6.The English play ___ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A fr which B at which C in which D n which
( )7. The jurney arund the wrld tk the ld sailr nine mnths, ____ the s ailing time was 226 days.
A. f which B. during which C. frm which D. fr which
( )8. Many peple wh had seen the film were afraid t g t the frest when they remembered the scenes ______ peple were eaten by the tiger.
A. in which B. by which C. which D. that
( )9. She shwed the visitrs arund the museum, the cnstructin _____had taken mre than three years.
fr which B. with which C. f which D. t which
( )10.The place____the bridge is suppsed t be built shuld be___ the crss-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
( )11.Eric received training in the cmputer fr ne year,______he fund a jb in a big cmpany.
after that B.after which C.after it D.after this
( )12.Villagers here depend n the fishing industry,________there wn't be much wrk.
where B.that C.by which D.withut which
( )13.Last week,nly tw peple came t lk at the huse,________wanted t buy it.
A.nne f them B.bth f them C.nne f whm D.neither f whm
( )14. In the ffice I never seem t have time until after 5：30 pm____，many peple have gne hme.
whse time B.that C.n which D.by which time
( )15.Whenever I met her, _______was fairly ften,she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A.wh B.which C.when D.that
( )16.She brught with her three friends,nne f ______I had ever met befre.
them B.wh C.whm D.these
( )17.Many children, ____parents are away wrking in big cities,are taken gd care f in the village.
A.their B.whse C.f them D.with whm
( )18.I was brn in New Orleans, Luisiana, a city ________name will create a picture f beautiful trees and green grass in ur mind.
A.Which B.f which C.that
B.关系代词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，可用介词+关系代词（whm/which）引导定语从句
1. D yu like the bk ___________she spent $10?
2. D yu like the bk ___________she paid $10?
3. D yu like the bk ___________ she learned a lt?
4. D yu like the bk ______________ she ften talks?
5. He built a telescpe ______________ he culd study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree utside, _____________ stands ur teacher.
7. China has a lt f rivers, the secnd lngest ___________ is the Yellw River.
8. The twer _____________ peple can have a gd view is n the hill.
9. The man ____________ I spke n the phne last night is very gd at writing.
10. He paid the by $10 fr washing ten windws, mst ________ hadn’t been cleaned fr at least a year.
11. He gave me sme nvels _____ ______ I am nt very familiar.
12. I still remember the day ___ _____ I first gt t Paris.
B组练习
Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．He built a telescpe he culd study the stars.
2．Can yu tell me the reasn yu were late again.
3．This is my best friend, I want t buy a present.
4．Gun cntrl is a subject Americans have argued fr a lng time.
5．I will never frget the day I was admitted t a famus university.
6．My father is the first persn I will turn fr help when I meet difficulties.
7．The cuple felt mst angry abut the way the waiter f the htel treated them.
8．When western peple talk abut the cities f China, the first cmes t their mind is Peking.
Ⅱ.用含有“介词＋关系代词”的定语从句合并下列句子
1．This is a field. I used t grw vegetables in that field.
→
2．This is my English teacher. I've learnt a lt frm her.
→
3．Guangzhu was liberated n the day. The day was Oct.14, 1949.
→
4．In the basket there are quite many apples. Sme f the apples have gne bad.
→
5．The newly­built café is really a peaceful place fr us. The walls f it are painted light green.
→
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气，没有它我们无法生存。
In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind f clrless gas is called xygen.
2．课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
Teachers will never cmputers in the classrm.
3．我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。
We didn't knw the reasn .
4．学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会经验的社区活动。
Students shuld take an active part in the cmmunity activities .
5．他是仍然健在的最伟大的作曲家之一。
He is cmpsers.
C.语法填空
There was a time 1 I was tired f learning English and disliked speaking English.And this was the reasn 2 my father frced me t jin in a 30-day training in an English club befre I went t senir high schl.When I first came t the club, 3 I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much.S I packed up my things and wanted t g hme.Frtunately,my guide, 4 teacher was Yu Minhng,cmmunicated with me face t face,frm 5 I gained sme useful instructins.He als intrduced a gd partner t me,and we gt alng well with each ther.Gradually I adapted t the life there.Every day I wuld talk t ther teenagers and set dwn a series f activities 6 we did.I shuld be grateful t my father and the guide, 7 encuraged me t fall in lve with English.Nw I feel it interesting t learn English,int 8 I put my entire energy.Every day I read my wrds and passages alud.In class I jin in English discussins.Befre I g t sleep,I recall the passages,thrugh 9 I can memrize a large number f new wrds. 10 ur English teacher says,“As lng as yu frm the habit f learning English every day and have perseverance,yu will master English sner r later.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
短文改错
During my last winter hliday, I went t cuntryside with my father t visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small huse with dgs, ducks, and anther animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate huse t raise dzens f chicken. They als had a small pnd which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had imprved. At the end f ur trip, I tld my father that I planned t return fr every tw years, but he agreed.
拓展练习
1．William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
A．frm whichB．in whichC．with whmD．fr whm
2.In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f _______ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
A. which B. it’s C. whse D. whm
3.Learning anther language is like stepping ut f a dr, ______I can lk back and see mre clearly my wn language.
A．By whichB．thrugh whichC．whichD．n which
4.Yu may think f giving up study, in ____________ case just think it ver befre making the decisin.
A. thatB. whichC. whseD. where
5.In the dark street, they wasn’t a single persn, _______ she culd turn fr help.
A. t whmB. whmC. t whichD. which
6.Many lessns are nw available nline, frm __________ students can chse fr free.
A. whseB. whichC. whenD. whm
7.Many yung peple, mst ______were well-educated, headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.
A.f whichB. f themC. f whmD. f thse
8. Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears , nne f ______ has been prved.
A. whm B. which C. what D. that
9.Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn______ schl educatin depends.
A. itB. thatC. whseD. which
10.He wrte many children’ s bks, nearly half f____ were published in the 1990s.
A. whm B. which C. them D. that
11.Creating an atmsphere emplyees feel part f a team is a big challenge.
A. as B. whse C. in which D. at which
12.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently.
A. all f which B. each f which C. all f them D. each f them
13.The children, ______ had played the whle day lng, were wrn ut.
A. all f what B. all f which C. all f them D. all f whm[
14.He may win the cmpetitin, ________ he is likely t get int the natinal team.
A.in which case B.in that case C.in what case D.in whse case
15.In ur class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.
A. in whm B. in them C. f whm D. f them
综合运用练习
一、阅读理解
Gardening is ppular in many parts f the wrld. This utdr activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flwers and fresh fruits and vegetables. But it als des a lt f gd t ur health.
Gardening cnnects peple. When yu are gardening, yu are utdrs. S it is a perfect chance t meet and spend time with yur neighbrs. Mst peple lve t talk abut their hbbies, and gardeners are n different. They usually enjy shwing peple what they are grwing. And mst enjy sharing advice and stries abut their gardens almst as much as sharing flwers and vegetables frm their gardens.
Gardening is a great activity fr children. It gets them utdrs and ff cmputers, televisins and cell phnes. Gardening is als a great teacher. It can teach a child abut where fd cmes frm and healthy eating. It als helps them t understand that the natural resurces (资源) are nt inexhaustible and the imprtance f using them carefully.
Then, when yu garden, yu must mve arund. All the different mvements needed fr gardening, like bending and lifting, wrk small muscles (肌肉) in the bdy. And yu can easily get gd exercise when yu are digging hles r pulling grasses.
In a study, researches lked at mre than 2,800 peple ver the age f 60.They studied their lifestyle habits, activities and health ver a 16­year perid. They fund that gardening culd lwer the risk f future dementia (痴呆) by 36%. Gardening requires peple d many repeated actins, such as picking ff dying flwers. These actins have a calming influence n the brain. The brain is still active but nt in the same way when we use cmputers.
Yu'll feel wnderful when what yu grw in a garden lks, smells, feels and tastes gd.
1．What can be inferred frm Paragraph 2?
A．Gardeners dn't feel lnely.
B．Gardeners are fnd f sharing.
C．Gardeners have many hbbies.
D．Gardeners care abut the envirnment.
2．What des the underlined wrd “inexhaustible” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Useless. B．Special.
C．Endless.D．Cheap.
3．What is the study used t shw in the fifth paragraph?
A．Gardening is ppular with the ld.
B．Gardening is gd fr health.
C．Gardening can be a tiring activity.
D．Gardening is better than playing cmputers.
4．What's the purpse f the text?
A．T shw hw t garden.
B．T encurage us t garden.
C．T shw gardening is ppular.
D．T encurage us t d utdr activities.
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ging camping is ne f the best ways t get in tuch with nature and enjy the beautiful utdrs. Hwever, thrugh plans befre a camping trip may be bring. Just fllw these simple camping suggestins t make yur trip safe and rewarding.
Chsing a suitable tent
1 When determining the size f yur tent, yu shuld take int cnsideratin the number f campers as well as the camping equipment (设备) necessary fr yur trip. There shuld be enugh rm in the tent fr the camping equipment. 2
Imprtance f fd
While camping, yu will need enugh fd t give yu enugh energy fr yur utdr activities. 3 Yu shuld use a tw­burner stve t d all yur cking. Insist n simple cking during yur trip t reduce cking time.
Enugh sleep
All campers shuld have enugh sleep during the night. Nights are generally cler than the days s yu need t have enugh warm clthes t feel cmfrtable t sleep during the night. 4 Extra air mattresses (气垫) may be included in yur camping equipment t make yur bed mre cmfrtable.
5 Keep these camping suggestins in mind and make sure yu are fully prepared t enjy yur camping trip.
A．When buying a sleeping bag, check that yu feel cmfrtable in it.
B．The best camping trips belng t thse peple wh prepare the best.
C．The cmfrt level in a tent determines the success f a camping trip.
D．Thus yu must have an efficient arrangement fr yur fd preparatin.
E．If yu have a habit t eat in bed, yu might nt d it during camping.
F．The size is the mst imprtant thing yu shuld cnsider when chsing a tent.
G．It will destry the md f the entire camping trip if yu dn't have enugh mney.
三、语法填空
When Beethven was nly fur, his father decided t make him a musician. Beethven was made t practice 1 (play) different musical instruments hur after hur. Whenever he did nt put his heart int his practice, his father wuld be hard 2 him.
3 (frtune), the by lved music very much and learnt s fast that he was able t g arund and give 4 (cncert) when he was nly 11. When he was 17, he received high praise frm Mzart, 5 great Austrian cmpser. A few years later, Beethven went t Vienna 6 (study) under Haydn, anther great Austrian cmpser. Then he 7 (write) a great deal f music, even at his mst difficult time. But after ne illness, he suddenly fund 8 (him) deaf at the age f 31.
Hwever, this didn't stp Beethven. During his life, he cmpsed abut 30 pieces f music. It is 9 (amaze) that he wrte sme f his best pieces after he became deaf, many f 10 are well knwn and lved all ver the wrld.
1． 2. 3. 4.
5． 6. 7. 8.
9． 10.
重点
词汇和词转
1. beauty美；美人→ beautiful adj. 漂亮的；美好的→________ adv. 美妙地
2. bserve vt. 观察，观测→_________ n. 观察→_________ n. 观察者→_________ n. 观测台
3. sail vt. & vi. (乘船)航行；起航→_________n. 水手，海员→_________n. 航行；帆船运动
4. live vt. & vi. 居住；生活→_________adj. 活着的，活的n. 生计，谋生→_________adj. 活泼的，生动的
5. cnsume vt. (正式)吃，喝；消耗→_________n.消费者→_________ n.消费；消耗量
6. rganize vt. 组织→_________ n．组织→rganizer n．组织者→rganized adj.有组织的；有条理的
7. _________v.代替
8._________ n. 障碍
9._________adj. 壮丽的
10. _________ adj. 狭窄的
11. _________ n. 平台
12._________ n.气候
重点词组
1. _________ 核实; 查实
2. _________照顾; 关心; 喜欢
3. _________ 在海底
4._________受…欢迎
5. _________与…分开
6. natural dyes _________
7. return t ppularity _________
8. an expert n rice planting _________
9. replace A with B _________
重点
语法
定语从句：（课文原句）
These terraces were built by the lcal Zhuang and Ya peple, t whm Guangxi is hme.
This frms cluds frm which rain falls dwn nt the muntains terraces nce again.
There terraces als prvide a perfect envirnment fr birds and fish, sme f which feed n insects that can harm the rice crps.
“介词+which/whm”引导的定语从句