外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature备课课件ppt

Starting out & Understanding ideas

The Last Hidden World — China

For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and surprising creatures.Chinese civilization is the world's oldest and today it's largest with well over a billion people.It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups and a wide range of traditional lifestyles often in close partnership with nature.

Now, for the first time ever we can explore the whole of this great country, meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China to the remarkable landscaping where they live.

In a floodplain of the Yangtze River, black­tailed godwits (黑尾鹬) search in the mud for worms.But it isn't just wildlife that grow in this environment.The ground also provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family­rice.The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least eight thousand years.It has transformed the landscape.

Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers as they prepare the age­old rice field ready for the coming spring.These hill slopes of Yuanyang county plunge (斜插) nearly 2,000m to the floor of the Red River Valley.Each contains thousands of terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools.Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China still ploughed as they always have been by cows whose ancestors originated in these very valleys.This man­made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering achievements of pre­industrial China.It seems as if every square inch of land has been pressed into cultivation.

[理解]

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

1．How long has rice been planted in China?

At least 8,000 years.

2．What does this man­made landscape refer to in the last paragraph?

It refers to Yunnan's rice terraces.

[积累]

1．civilization n．　　　 文明

2．ethnic adj.   种族的

3．exotic adj.   异国的

4．cultivate v.   培养

5．carve v.   雕刻

Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas

Longji Rice Terraces①

Imagine mountains wrapped② in silver water, shining in the spring sun.Summer sees③ the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost④.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.

These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, [1]to whom Guangxi is home.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty⑤， work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until its completion⑥ in the early Qing Dynasty.[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.

[1]本句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see 为动词­ing形式作状语。

So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces? Firstly, there are few large, flat areas of land in the region⑦.[3]Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is shallow⑪.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent⑫ the soil from being washed away⑬.

[3]Building the terraces为动名词短语作主语；that引导宾语从句；in which引导定语从句。

[4]But perhaps what is most significant⑭ is the way in which people have worked in harmony⑮ with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed⑯， with hundreds of waterways⑰ that connect with each other.During the rainy season, [5]it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again⑱.[6]These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on⑲ insects that can harm⑳ the rice crops.

[4]what引导主语从句；in which引导定语从句。

[5]本句为强调句。

[6]some of which引导定语从句，先行词为birds and fish；that引导定语从句，先行词为insects，that在从句中作主语。

[7]Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.[8]This knowledge is passed down through families, which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.

[7]Although引导让步状语从句；for whom引导定语从句。

[8]which引导非限制性定语从句；that引导宾语从句。

①terrace n． 梯田

②wrap v． 包，裹

③see v． 见证

④frost n． 霜

⑤dynasty n． 朝代

⑥completion n． 完成，结束

⑦region n． 地区，区域

⑧therefore adv. 因此，由此

⑨steep adj. 陡的，陡峭的

⑩soil n． 土壤

⑪shallow adj. 浅的

⑫prevent v． 阻挡，防止

prevent sb./sth.from doing sth  阻止某人/某物做某事

⑬wash away  冲走

⑭significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的

⑮harmony n． 融洽相处，和谐

in harmony with  与……协调，与……一致

⑯design v． 设计

⑰waterway n． 水路，航道

⑱once again  再一次

⑲feed on  以……为食

⑳harm v． 伤害，损害

crop n． 庄稼，作物

tradition n． 传统

pass down  传下来

generation n． 一代人

agriculture n． 农业

attract v． 吸引，引起……的兴趣

admire v． 欣赏，观赏

[参考译文]

龙脊梯田

想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋收，满山金黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯。这就是绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田。

龙脊梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民。梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完工。目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。

为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？首先，这里缺乏大面积的平原，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。其次，尽管该地区多雨，但山地坡度大、土层浅薄，水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。

但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。在雨季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。水分经太阳蒸发成为水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。

尽管现代科技有助于提高农作物的产量，但对珍视传统的当地人来说，这些梯田依然具有重要的意义。这种认识通过家族代代相传，后代子孙一直沿用古老的农耕方式维持着梯田的运作。今天，成千上万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。

Step One：Pre­reading

1．How much do you know about the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups?

Answers may vary.

2．Why do they grow rice on terraces?

Firstly, there are few large, flat areas of land in this region.Secondly, the flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.

Step Two：While­reading

Ⅰ.Read for the main idea

　What's the main idea of the text?

A．The Longji Rice Terraces will have a bright future.

B．How people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces.

C．The Longji Rice Terraces are fascinating all around the year.

D．The reason why Longji Rice Terraces were built.

答案：B

Ⅱ.Read for details

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.

1．How does the author develop Paragraph 1?

A．By listing the facts.

B．By comparing the facts.

C．By vividly describing the scene.

D．By painting the beautiful colours.

2．Which is NOT the reason why the people built the terraces?

A．Lack of enough flat areas.

B．Holding the rainwater.

C．Protecting the soil.

D．Making the mountains more steep.

3．Which is the correct order of how the terraces work?

①The gas forms cloud.

②The rain falls down.

③The water is turned into gas.

④The sun heats the water.

⑤The water flows into the terraces.

A．⑤④③①②　　　　 B．③①④②⑤

C．①④②⑤③   D．②①④③⑤

4．What will happen in the future?

A．The local people will introduce modern agriculture technology.

B．The local young people will maybe give up their traditions.

C．The local people will hold the ancient methods of agriculture for a long time.

D．A greater wonder will be created by local people.

答案：1～4　CDAC

Step Three：Post­reading

阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Longji Rice Terraces were built by 1.the Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home.2.Starting (start) in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until 3.its (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.in which people grow rice.Besides, they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.being washed (wash) away.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people 6.have worked (work) in 7.harmony (harmonious) with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.crops (crop), new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture 9.to maintain (maintain) the terraces.Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors 10.who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．individually wrapped chocolates  单块包装的巧克力

2．one of the most densely populated regions  人口最为稠密的地区之一

3．shallow waters around the coast  海边浅水水域

4．prevent the spread of the disease  防止疾病蔓延

5．design a course to suit your particular needs  设计一门课程以满足你的特殊需求

6．We should work together to create a harmonious society where everyone can live in harmony.(harmony)

7．Smoking is harmful to our health.Besides it does harm to the environment.(harm)

8．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade, which has a negative effect on agricultural development.(agriculture)

[掌握规律　巧记单词]

1．agriculture n．农业＋­al(去e)→agricultural adj.农业的

central 中心的　　　　　 cultural 文化的

natural 自然的     architectural 建筑的

2．harm n．伤害＋­ful→harmful adj.有害的

helpful 有帮助的    useful 有用的

meaningful 有意义的   colorful 多彩的

Ⅱ.重点短语

1．Fields and hills stretched out as far as (远至) we could see.

2．The cheater boasted that he could turn stone into (把……变成……) gold.

3．There should be plenty of (许多) time to go shopping before we leave New York.

4．They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away (冲走)．

5．The development of higher education should be in harmony with (与……协调一致) the development of the economical society.

6．Human health is connected with (与……有关) whether the drinking water is clean or not.

7．The caterpillars feed on (以……为食) a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.

Ⅲ.典型句式

1．[教材原句]　Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun.

[句式分析]　现在分词短语作伴随状语。

[佳句仿写]　汤姆坐在公园的长椅上，读着一本书。

Tom sat at the bench in the park, reading a book.

2．[教材原句]　But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.

[句式分析]　way(方式)作先行词，其后定语从句引导词用in which或that，也可省略in which或that。

[佳句仿写]　我不喜欢她跟你讲话的方式。

I don't like the way (in which/that) she speaks to you.

1．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐

(教材P63) But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.

但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。

(经典佳句)Imagine a society in which everyone lived together in perfect harmony.

设想一下这样一个社会，所有人都和睦地生活在一起。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①Their harmonious (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.

②The violin was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments.

[写美]　补全句子

③我们必须确保旅游业与环境和谐发展。

We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.

2．design v．设计；打算；意欲，意图 n．设计；图案

(教材P63) The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.

这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。

(经典佳句) This entrance is specially designed for people in wheelchairs.

这个入口是专门为坐轮椅的人设计的。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.

②We don't know if it was done by accident or by design.

句式升级

③The album was designed for children, which became popular with parents immediately it came out.

→Designed for children，the album became popular with parents immediately it came out.(分词作状语)

[写美]　补全句子

④这些训练是为了帮助人们增强体力而设计的。

The exercises are designed to help people build up strength.

3．harm v．& n．损害，伤害；危害

(教材P63) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can  harm the rice crops.

这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。

(经典佳句)Watching TV too much can harm children's ability to learn.

看电视过多会影响孩子的学习能力。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①We should protect wild animals from being harmed(harm) and live in peace with them.

②Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful(harm) to people.

③There is no harm in saying (say) sorry to her first.

句型转换

④There is no harm in giving gifts to children, but they should not be rewards.

→It does no harm to give gifts to children, but they should not be rewards.

[写美]　一句多译

喝酒太多对你的健康有害。

⑤Drinking too much does harm to your health.(harm n．)

⑥Drinking too much is harmful to your health.(harmful)

⑦Drinking too much harms your health.(harm v．)

4．go to the trouble to do/of doing sth.费力做某事

(教材P62)So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces?

为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？

(经典佳句)The host went to the trouble to make me comfortable.

主人为了让我感到舒适而不辞辛劳。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①He took the trouble to gather (gather) the materials for me.

②Although Mike was in trouble, he didn't lose heart.

③If your mind is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering (answer) these questions.

[写美]　一句多译

历史学家要费那么大的劲来保存数百万本关于过去的书籍、文献和记录。

④Historians go to so much trouble of preserving millions of books, documents and records of the past.

⑤Historians go to so much trouble to preserve millions of books, documents and records of the past.

5．feed on 以……为食

(教材P63) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.

这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。

(经典佳句)Birds feed on nuts and berries in the winter.

鸟类靠坚果和浆果过冬。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①Most of the Chinese people feed on rice.

②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers to the pigs.

[写美]　补全句子

③他已经厌倦了城市生活。

He has become fed up with the city life.

[句型公式]　现在分词(短语)作状语

(教材P62)Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun.

想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光。

(经典佳句)The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.

那些孩子跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①The old man fell off the bike, breaking (break) his left leg.

②Mary came back in a hurry only to find (find) her mother dead in the hospital.

句型转换

③If you work hard, you'll succeed.

→Working hard，you'll succeed.

④They walked by the lake and held hands.

→They walked by the lake,  holding hands.

[写美]　补全句子

⑤听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。

Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.

[名师点津]　现在分词(短语)充当结果状语常指自然而然的结果，不定式(短语)也可充当结果状语，常指出乎意料的结果。

维度一　品句填词

1．The road is covered with a sheet (层) of ice, so be careful while going to school.

2．After the harvest, the peasants began to prepare the soil (土壤) for seed.

3．The lake was so shallow (浅的) that we could see the bottom.

4．I could have asked her, but something prevented (阻挡) me from doing so.

5．The drought killed our crops (庄稼), and there wasn't enough grass for the cattle.

6．The chocolates are individually wrapped in gold foil.

7．Just before the frost (霜) farmers everywhere rushed to give the land a good watering.

8．How many dynasties (朝代) are there in China's history?

9．It was much too late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi.

10．Who would have expected that he could climb up that steep (陡峭的) cliff?

维度二　词形转换

1．As usual there will be the local and regional (region) elections on 12 June.

2．They can build a more harmonious (harmony) society once inequality and exploitation are removed.

3．Stella, 21, is at art school training to be a fashion designer (design)．

4．It is obvious that smoking is harmful (harm) to health.

5．In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural (agriculture) society to a mostly industrial one.

6．The project is taking a long time but is now nearing completion (complete)．

维度三　固定搭配和句式

1．Bats fly at night and feed on (以……为食) insects.

2．The heavy snow prevented us from  going out (阻止我们出去) for sports.

3．I need plenty of (很多) time to finish the work.

4．To live a happy life, we should be in harmony with (与……和谐相处) nature.

5．There were cars in front as far as (远至) he could see, and none of them could move.

6．It was in front of the Palace Museum that (是在故宫博物院的前面) a lot of people were waiting to buy the tickets.