2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题2 必修1 Unit 1 Friendship(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

If your kitchen is home to just one type of cooking oil，you are missing out.As well as their unique tastes，different oils have different properties.Here's a summary of cooking techniques and which widely available oil suits each best：

FOR GRILLING，BROWNING，AND DEEP­FRYING

Almond (杏仁) oil is a member of the healthy monounsaturated (单一不饱和的) fat group, along with olive and macadamia nut oil.It has a high smoke point (450 ℃)，so it can be used for all kinds of cooking and add that all­important extra nutty flavor.Store in a cool dry place.

FOR BAKING AND STIR­FRYING

Macadamia nut oil gives any dish a rich buttery flavor and is full of antioxidants (抗氧化剂) and  monounsaturated  fats.It can tolerate up to 230 ℃ and will last up to three years if stored in a dry，cool place.

FOR LIGHT COOKING，SAUCES，AND LOW­HEAT BAKING

Sesame (芝麻) oil is often described as the queen of oils and is widely used as a cooking oil in India and a flavor enhancer in Chinese and Southeast Asian cuisine.Unlike some cooking oils，sesame oil is delicate and will spoil after only a few months.Always store in the refrigerator.

FOR COLD SALAD DRESSINGS，DIPS AND MARINADES

Extra virgin olive oil is one of the world's healthiest foods and loaded with flavor，which will vary depending on where the olives are grown.If stored in a dark bottle away from light and heat，extra virgin olive oil can last up to 12 months.

[语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种常见的烹饪方法及与之相匹配的食用油。

1．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Which oil is your choice?

B．How to buy oil?

C．How to cook?

D．Which cooking technique is the best?

解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段最后两句可知本文的主题是，不同的烹饪方式需使用不同的食用油，故答案为A项。

答案：A

2．According to the passage，which two require the same storing condition?

A．Almond oil and macadamia nut oil.

B．Macadamia nut oil and sesame oil.

C．Sesame oil and extra virgin olive oil.

D．Extra virgin olive oil and almond oil.

解析：细节理解题。根据FOR GRILLING，BROWNING，AND DEEP­FRYING部分可知杏仁油需在凉爽、干燥的地方储存；根据FOR BAKING AND STIR­FRYING部分可知澳洲坚果油也需要在凉爽、干燥的地方储存，故答案为A项。

答案：A

3．Which is the best match according to the passage?

A．GRILLING，BROWNING，AND DEEP­FRYING—macadamia nut oil

B．BAKING AND STIR­FRYING—sesame oil

C．LIGHT COOKING，SAUCES，AND LOW­HEAT BAKING—almond oil

D．COLD SALAD DRESSINGS，DIPS AND MARINADES — extra virgin olive oil

解析：细节理解题。根据FOR COLD SALAD DRESSINGS，DIPS AND MARINADES部分可知答案为D项。

答案：D

B

The rumor proved all too bitterly true：Park's Hardware, a downtown institution of Orono for over 100 years，would be closing.Locals cross­examined，and begged Lin，the owner of the store，but in vain.Running a small，local，family­owned hardware business was no longer profit­making.The town's affection for Park's Hardware was just not enough to allow it to compete against the giant warehouse stores.

I was one member of the excited masses that began to walk through Park's as，day by day，the lettering on the front window changed  from  “20%  OFF  EVERYTHING” to “30%”，“40%”，and on and on，until the only things left were the light sockets (插座) and doorknobs.

Compared with giant warehouses，a hardware store is special.I recall the time I was exploring in one giant warehouse for a wireless doorbell that Park's didn't carry.I found the thing，but didn't understand the following note on the package: “Red light indicates condition of the battery.”“Excuse me，”I said to a clerk，holding the item out，“I can't seem to find the red light.”The man examined it, and said, “Neither can I．”I contrasted this experience with one I routinely had at Park's.“Lin，”I'd beg.“Can you...please...I don't know...do you think...？”And quicker than one could say，“little red light，”Lin would spring into action and together we'd sit down to find the solution.

I could buy a single screw (螺丝钉)  at Park's.At a warehouse I have no choice but to buy a box of a hundred screws.But I don't want a box of a hundred screws when all I need is one. I just want to know the location of the little red light，and now that Park's is gone，I realize that I never will.

[语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文，涉及家庭、朋友与周围的人的话题。讲述了一家五金店的倒闭和人们对它的怀念的一些情况。

4．Why did Park's decide to stop its business?

A．The owner invested in other business.

B．The owner couldn't make enough money.

C．Its location was not convenient for shopping.

D．It couldn't win enough affection from the locals.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Running a small，local，family­owned hardware business was no longer profit­making.The town's affection for Park's Hardware was just not enough to allow it to compete against the giant warehouse stores.”可知，经营这样的五金店已经不能够挣钱了，镇上的人们对这家五金店的喜爱并不能使它赢得与大型仓储式商店的竞争。故选B。

答案：B

5．What did Park's do before closing?

A．It had a closing down sale.

B．It struggled for its reorganization.

C．It distributed its goods to regulars.

D．It looked for a new owner.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the lettering on the front window changed from‘20% OFF EVERYTHING’ to‘30%’，‘40%’”可知，五金店在关门息业之前采取了加大力度打折促销的方式，即清仓大处理。故选A。

答案：A

6．What does the writer's experience in Paragraph 3 indicate?

A．The benefit of having more choices.

B．The pressure of competition for Park's.

C．The good service of Park's.

D．The responsible working attitude of large stores.

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The man examined it，and said，‘Neither can I．’”以及“Lin  would spring into action and together we'd sit down to find the solution.”可知，作者提及自己购买无线门铃的经历是为了说明这家大型商店和帕克的五金店在服务质量方面存在的差别，借以突出帕克的五金店良好的服务。故选C。

答案：C

7．What's the writer's tone in writing this passage?

A．Humorous.　　　 B．Supportive.

C．Critical. D．Regretful.

解析：推理判断题。从文章开始到文章结束，作者在字里行间都描述了自己和其他人对镇上一家五金店关门的惋惜之情。故选D。

答案：D

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Although people value intelligence—understanding，reasoning，the ability to learn—they also respect wisdom，or the knowledge and experience that they gain over a lifetime.In some ways，wisdom is like beauty: we value it，we desire it，we know it when we see it，but it is nearly impossible to pin down such a nice quality.　1　

1．Working at being social.

Studies show that people who stay connected with others show higher levels of wisdom than those who remain alone.　2　Next time you're at a party or gathering，single out someone who's standing alone and strike up a conversation.

2．　3　

Wisdom involves being able to understand all sides of an issue without letting personal feelings get in the way.Opening your mind means realizing that everyone has a life story that influences their actions.During the course of every day，make a note of the issues that annoy you，and take a moment to see them from the other side.

3．Learning how to say “I could be wrong”．

A wise person understands that it is impossible to know everything and that life is likely to take unexpected turns.　4　Admitting that there are times when you could be mistaken will go a long way towards strengthening your fame.

4．Reading the news.

　5　If you haven't already read a daily paper or news online，start by going through a single front­page article from a major respected news source.

Almost everyone has the potential to become wiser，particularly if you strengthen these habits.

A．Practicing being open­minded.

B．Sharing good news with your friends.

C．But researchers have tried and here are what they've found.

D．Recognizing your errors can lead only to even greater wisdom.

E．Make an effort to join a new club，or invite an old friend for coffee.

F．You do not have to admit your mistakes if you are really unwilling to.

G．You cannot make balanced choices unless you unde­rstand world circumstances.

[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了如何变得更有智慧。

1．解析：空处承接下文，且与上文在逻辑上有转折关系，在文章中起承上启下的作用，所以选C项，介绍研究人员发现的变得更有智慧的方法。

答案：C

2．解析：根据“Working at being social.”并结合下文中的“Next time you're at a party or gathering，single out someone who's standing alone and strike up a conversation.”可知，空处举例说明人们要参加社交活动，提升智慧，故选E项。

答案：E

3．解析：根据本段中的“Opening your mind means realizing that everyone has a life story that influences their actions.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要鼓励人们要思想开明，所以选A项。

答案：A

4．解析：根据“Learning how to say ‘I could be wrong’．”和空后一句可知，承认错误会让人更加有智慧，所以选D项。

答案：D

5．解析：结合“Reading the news.”并根据本段整体内容可推知，阅读新闻会让人们对周围甚至整个世界有一定的了解，这也会让人变得更有智慧，所以选G项。

答案：G

Ⅲ.语法填空

When I was an international student in China，I was lucky to experience Chinese New Year.The build­up was exciting as everywhere 1.            (decorate) with red.

Some fellow students and I decided to travel from Xi'an to Guilin for the festival.Travel during that time is quite 2.             adventure—many people journey home 3.             (see)  their families and everywhere is very busy.

On the eve of New Year，we watched the CCTV New Year's Gala.Although we didn't really understand everything，it was good to be lost 4.             the atmosphere of the occasion！At New Year，families make 5.             (taste) dumplings together as part of the celebrations.On New Year's Day，and for several weeks afterwards，you can hear firecrackers and fireworks everywhere，and the air 6.             (smell) strongly of dynamite (火药)and smoke.This was adventurous for us!

Being in China during New Year somewhat meant 7.             (lonely) though it was a great experience.I can 8.             (absolute) explain it with how international students in the UK might feel at Christmas if 9.             (have) no loved ones around them.

Overall，my first Chinese New Year was an amazing experience 10.             I'll never forget.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在中国留学期间，曾经有幸和同学一起边旅行边体验中国的新年，这个经历使作者一直难以忘怀。

1．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。准备过程令人激动，因为处处都装饰着红色。主句用了一般过去时，故从句也应用一般过去时。decorate与主语之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。

答案：was decorated

2．解析：考查冠词。空前是quite，空后是名词，故可判断此处是“quite＋不定冠词＋名词”结构。名词以元音音素开头，故用an。

答案：an

3．解析：考查非谓语动词。很多人回家看望自己的家人。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应是不定式作目的状语，故填to see。

答案：to see

4．解析：考查介词。尽管我们不能真的听懂所有的内容，但是沉浸于这种节日的气氛是极好的。be lost in sth.“沉浸于”，是固定搭配。

答案：in

5．解析：考查形容词。家家都包美味的饺子。空处修饰dumplings，故用形容词tasty“美味的，好吃的”。

答案：tasty

6．解析：考查主谓一致和语态。主语是表示单数意义的the air，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。smell在此是系动词，意为“闻起来”，不能用于被动语态，故填smells。

答案：smells

7．解析：考查名词。尽管新年期间待在中国是很美妙的经历，但它稍微让人感到孤单。mean是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。loneliness“寂寞，孤独”。

答案：loneliness

8．解析：考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词explain，故用副词absolutely“完全地”。

答案：absolutely

9．解析：考查非谓语动词。本空难度较大，部分考生不确定此处的句子结构。认真分析句子结构可知，此处是“连词＋非谓语动词”结构。非谓语动词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，即international students。have和international students之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词having。

答案：having

10．解析：考查定语从句。总体来说，第一次在中国过新年是令人惊喜的经历，是一个我永远不会忘怀的经历。空处引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是experience，故用that或which。

答案：that/which