2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：语法十四、强调句

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十四、强调句

对应学生用书p197

在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

1．(2016·天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ____________ the coach picks up tourists.

2．(2016·浙江卷)It was not until I became involved in student government ____________ I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President.

3．(2016·北京卷)However，when something ____________interest me，I could become absorbed.

4．(2015·湖南卷)It was when we were returning home ____________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

5．(2015·重庆卷)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century ____________ his musical gift was fully recognized.

[答案与解析]

1．that。句意：你等错地方了。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。考查强调句，其结构是：It is / was＋被强调部分＋that＋其余成分，如果被强调部分是人，引导词也可以用who，这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel。

2．that。考查强调句。该句为it is not until...that...强调结构，句中第二个that引导的是定语从句，先行词为projects，从句动词create 缺少宾语，that代指projects。

3．did。did＋动词原形，是一般过去时的强调形式。

4．that。句意：我们在回到家时才意识到帮助有困难的人是多么的令人高兴。强调句型的基本结构为It is / was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分；如果强调人，that还可以改为who，但是强调时间或者地点时只能使用that。

5．that。句意：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才被充分认可。本句是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is / was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分，本句被强调部分是not until the early 19th century。

对应学生用书p197

(一)概述

强调结构是用特定的方法使句子中的某个部分突出，以达到强化这个部分的目的。在英语中，强调的方法有很多，包括运用语言、语调、单词、短语以及语法等手段。

(二)常见的强调形式

类别	例　句	结构解析
强调句的基本结构
It is I who am a teacher.
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
It was him that/whom/who they saw stealing yesterday.
It was then that he got there.
It is at school that he reads English.
It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
It was what he said at the meeting that made her angry.
It was the village where I was brought up that I visited yesterday.	(1)It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who(whom)＋原句剩余部分。
(2)被强调部分可以是句子的主语、宾语或状语，这些成分可能是一个词，一个短语或一个从句，甚至更复杂的结构。
(3)强调句型中的it没有实际意义，由于它处在主语的位置，其后的动词用is/was。不管强调的是什么成分，后面的引导词都可用that，若强调“人”，也可以用who。
(4)这句型的谓语动词也可能有其他时态或带上情态动词。例如：
It will be Bill who speaks first.
It must have been Jack that forgot to lock the door.
It may be this sense of humor that makes him popular.
It was not until nine o’clock that they went to the movies.
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was the famous film star.	“not...until” 结构在强调句中的表现形式。
强调句的基本结构
Is it next week that we will hold another football match？
Who was it that taught you English ten years ago？
How was it that you arrived there？
Where was it that you saw the man？
When was it that you ever said so？
Why is it that you want to change your idea？
What is it that you want me to say？
How many years ago was it that you entered the factory？	强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。
强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分。
It is the facts that have proved you are wrong.(强调句)
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(that引导主语从句，it是形式主语)
It was on March 15, 2018 that the company was founded.(强调句)
It was October 5，1999 when their first son was born.(when 引导定语从句，It表时间)	强调句型总是“It be...that/who...”结构，若将该框架去掉，句子的意思仍然完整。而其他句型若拆掉“It be...that...”，句子就不能成立，如左边含主语从句的句子；或者改变了“It be...that”框架，如左边含定语从句的例子。
其他强调结构	I have never seen such a lazy person in my life.
Fortunately, he was just in time for the first train in the morning.
This is the very English dictionary that I have been looking for.
The manager was right in the office when I arrived at the company.	其他强调方式还有很多，我们需要熟悉的有：
增加单词：such, so, just, right, very, single, really, indeed, etc.

其他强调结构
What on earth are you doing now？
He had not a penny in the world.
I don't agree with you at all.	增加短语：on earth, in the world, not...at all, by no means, by far，etc.
On the table were some flowers.	用倒装语序(详见本书“十三、倒装句”)。
Do come early tomorrow morning, or you'll be fined.
The new exchange student does hope to go to the evening party with us.
My mother did sing well in the past as she used to be a teacher.	用助动词do, does, did。