《（现在完成时）Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c》教案设计2-八年级下册新目标英语【人教版】

《现在完成时》教学设计

教学目标：

1. 复习现在完成时的构成及其用法

2. 利用现在完成时解决实际问题

教学重难点：

1.如何判断动词要使用现在完成时以及与一般过去时的区别。

2.现在完成时的用法二，注意其中的动词必须用延续性动词。

教学步骤：

Step 1: Revision by doing exercises

1. Listen! Who ________(knock) at the door?

2. It is 12 o’clock. The Greens ________(have) lunch.

3. Where ________ Tom ________(come) from?

4. Bob _________(go) to school on foot every day.

5. I ________(not do) my homework last night.

6.  Yesterday we _______(go) to the beach for vacation.

7. ______they _____(lose) their way just now?

8. Please bring your umbrella. It________ (rain) outsideStep2: Presentation

Now this class we will revise the tense “ the present continue tense”. First let’s revise the usage of it, the first usage :表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。In order to help the students understand the grammar, tell them a oral song。这种用法的标志词有just是刚刚, before是以前, ever是曾经, never是从不, already是已经，用在肯定中, yet是已经还，用在否定句或疑问句中。例如：

Tom has just come back. Tom刚刚回来了。

I have already finished my homework.我已经完成我的作业。

Mary hasn’t finished her homework yet. Mary还没完成她的作业。

In order to help the students understand the tense, and then let them do the following exercises:

1. My father ________(not come) back yet.

2. I _______ never ________(be) to Beijing before.

3. They______ just______(read) this novel..

4. ________ you _______(see) the film once?

5. Tom ________already ________(finish) his work.

6. I _______ (lose) my key ,so I can’t open the door.

Step 3: go on revising the second usage :

表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。在此必须强调动词必须是延续性动词。这一点也是这一用法的重点和难点。常见的非延续动词有come, start/ begin, buy, borrow, leave, die and so on. 在第二种用法中的标志词有for, since.即看到for或since时，动词必须转化成延续性动词，他们的转化关系如下：come 转化为be here 或be in; start/ begin 转化为be on; buy转化为 have; borrow 转化为keep; leave转化为 be away (from); die 转化为be dead。例如：

我买这辆自行车两年了。I have had the bike for two years.

他爷爷死了十年了。His grandpa has been dead for ten years.电影上演十分钟了。The film has been on for ten minutes.

另外理解for或since的用法也很重要。Let the students understand “for” or “since” by doing exercises.

Tom has been in Beijing ______ ten years.

Our country has changed a lot ________1980.

He has made many friends _________ he came to this school. I have learned English _________ seven years.

通过以上练习题，他们会发现后for跟时间段；而since后跟时间点或从句。

注意：任何事物都不是一成不变的，通过上下文的理解来判断时态也很重要。

现在完成时和一般过去时的区别在于：尽管动作都是过去发生的，但如果和现在有关系要用现在完成时 。如：I have eaten lunch.我吃午饭的动作是过去发生的，但对现在的影响是我不饿了。I have lost my pen.钢笔丢了造成的影响是我没有钢笔了。I              lost my pen last night.只是强调昨晚发生丢钢笔这一动作。

Step 4: Exercises:

(一)用所给词的适当形式填空。所以同学都要求掌握。

1. ______ you ________(read) the book before?

2. Tom _______ just _______( come) back.

3.I _______( have) an allergy since I ________( be) six.

4.  My father ________( be) much healthier since he _______-( give) up smoking.

5. where is your father? He ________( go) to work.

6.  ________ you ________( finish) your homework?

Yes, I have.

When _______ you ________(finish) it?

Ten minutes ago.

7. How long _______ you ________(collect) stamps?

（二）翻译下列句子。

1. 这位老人死了三年了。

2. 格林一家来中国十年多了。

3.这部电影上演十分钟了。

4.我买这块手表四年了。

5. 我爸爸毕业二十年了。

Homework:

用现在完成时介绍一下你的假期生活。例如你去过哪些城市，参观过哪些名胜古迹等等。