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人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课时作业
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课时作业，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It's always adventurus and rmantic t visit an island cuntry. Take a lk at sme breathtakingly beautiful island cuntries in the wrld, which everyne shuld visit at least nce in his lifetime.
Maldives
It's believed that Maldives is ne f the mst ppular hneymn places as well as ne f the mst beautiful island cuntries. Situated in the Indian Ocean, Maldives is made up f a series f ancient cral reefs that grw up alng the sides f ancient vlcanes, with fascinating beaches.
Fiji
Fiji has plenty f surprises fr any adventurus travelers. It is famus fr the wrld's best surfing scenes, attracting many surfing lvers t ride the great waves. Well, if surfing is nt fr yu and yu lve sitting n the beach and relaxing, hiking r seeing breathtaking waterfalls, Fiji is als a suitable island cuntry t visit.
Malta
Malta, a beautiful suthern Eurpean cuntry in the Mediterranean Sea, has a rich histry and culture. There are amazing sky-high cliffs t climb and wnderful temples t visit. And there are lts f amazing places where yu can g diving. There are plenty f interesting things t explre here and everyne can find smething t enjy. The histric part f Malta is shwn in its architecture, great walled cities, and many undergrund tunnels.
1.Which place will be mst likely t be chsen by a newly-married cuple accrding t the text?
A.The Mediterranean Sea.
B.Maldives.
C.Malta.
D.Fiji.
2.What is the special part abut Fiji?
A.Yu can see the wrld's mst breathtaking waterfalls.
B.It is surfing lvers' favurite island cuntry.
C.There are sky-high cliffs t explre.
D.Yu can try the wrld's lngest tunnels.
3.What can turists d in Malta?
A.Hike n green plains.
B.Ride the greatest waves.
C.See breathtaking waterfalls.
D.Explre undergrund tunnels.
B
Last fall,my dad and I visited the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary,which is lcated in the muntains f nrthern Thailand. Althugh ur stay was shrt, it turned ut t be the mst memrable part f ur hliday.
Upn arrival,we headed t the base t learn abut the elephants that were in the care f lcal peple. The eldest,T Meh, had spent much f her life giving turists rides with a heavy irn seat tied t her back.Her daughter,Mae Dm,and grandsns,Dd and Gen Thng,had als spent years in chains ding hard wrk t entertain turists. It brke ur hearts t hear their sad stries.
Early the next mrning, we saw T Meh and Mae Dm explring the frest and Dd playing by the river. Seeing them free was a heartwarming experience. The Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary was funded with the gal f prtecting the welfare f elephants, and that is why this place des nt ffer elephant rides r elephant perfrmances f any kind. Instead, it tries t educate visitrs n these amazing animals.
But we did mre than just get t knw the elephants. We als cked and ate tgether with ur hst family, learned abut the language f the lcal peple, and helped teach English t the children in the village. In ding these activities, we were able t experience the lcal custms and culture firsthand.By prviding such pprtunities fr visitrs, the place gives back t the village by helping the villagers make mre mney and learn English. It's a win-win situatin.
If yu want t see elephants in their natural envirnment, the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary is a nice place t g. It's an experience yu wn't frget.
4.What can we learn abut T Meh?
A.She lived thrugh hard times.
B.She gave birth t three babies.
C.She is used t wearing chains.
D.There was n irn seat n her back.
5.What des the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary aim t d?
A.T entertain turists.
B.T teach languages.
C.T prtect elephants.
D.T maintain custms.
6.What benefit d villagers get frm the sanctuary?
A.Higher incme.
B.Cheaper travel.
C.Free elephant rides.
D.Live entertainment.
7.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.My Best Hliday
B.Stpping Hurting Elephants
C.One Perfrmance Yu Can't Miss
D.A Visit t the Elephant Sanctuary
C
Singapre's traditin f eating ut in places called hawker centers is nw recgnized by the United Natins fr its cultural imprtance.
A hawker is a persn wh sells fd r gds and advertises by shuting at peple walking by n the street. Hawkers are an imprtant part f Singaprean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their gds are very ppular. Famus chefs, such as Anthny Burdain and Grdn Ramsay, have praised them.
On Wednesday, the United Natins' cultural agency, UNESCO, added the city's “hawker culture” t its Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity. Singapre sught t have hawker culture added t the list abut tw years ag. Nw that it has been recgnized, Singapre must prvide a reprt every six years t UNESCO. The reprt must shw the effrts it has made t save and supprt its hawker culture.
“These centers serve as ‘cmmunity dining rms', where peple frm diverse backgrunds gather and share the experience f dining ver breakfast, lunch and dinner,” UNESCO said.
In the 1970s, Singapre cleaned up its streets s the street hawkers mved t new eating centers. These areas were part f an effrt t imprve the island. Nw, the centers ffer many different lw-cst meals t lcal peple and prvide a pleasing scial setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians shwed its stars enjying meals at a famus night market. Sme sellers even received Michelin stars frm a famus restaurant rating system fr their meals csting nly a few dllars.
But, nw the average age f hawkers in Singapre is 60 years ld. Yunger Singapreans nw want t wrk in ffices. They are less interested in wrking in small restaurants. The COVID-19 health crisis als hurt sales, preventing freign visitrs and lcals frm eating ut.
8.Why is hawker culture added t UNESCO's list?
A.Fr the effrts Singapre has made.
B.Fr its imprtance in shwing Singapre's culture.
C.Fr the reprt Singapre prvided.
D.Fr the recmmendatin by UNESCO.
9.What d we knw abut hawkers frm Paragraph 2?
A.They sell gds in the pen-air area.
B.They are famus chefs.
C.They are Singapre natives.
D.They are ppular all ver the wrld.
10.Why is the film Crazy Rich Asians mentined?
A.T advertise the film.
B.T intrduce the stars.
C.T shw the ppularity f hawker centers.
D.T help the sellers receive Michelin stars.
11.What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A.The difficulties hawker culture is facing.
B.The average age f hawkers.
C.The effect caused by COVID-19.
D.The future f hawker culture.
D
What's yur pinin n spicy fd? Sme peple cannt handle even the smallest amunt f chili peppers in their dinner while thers can't get enugh f them.
Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it. Plenty f research has been dne n the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previus results shwed that a lve f chilies is related t childhd experiences, and that cultural influences affect ur taste t. But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.
“We have always assumed that the liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But n ne has actually directly bthered t cnnect persnality with intake f chili peppers,” said Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes frm Pennsylvania State University, wh led the study.
But befre yu lk at the study, yu shuld first knw that “spicy” is nt a taste, unlike sur, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that yu feel n the surface f yur tngue. This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.
In the study, 97 participants, bth male and female, were asked t fill ut questinnaires abut their persnality, fr example, whether they like new experiences r tend t avid risks. They were then given a glass f water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed int it.
By cmparing the answers t the questinnaire and hw participants said they felt abut the spicy water, researchers fund that thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it. Hwever, this latest study has fund mre therwise. “It's nt that it desn't burn as badly, but that yu actually learn t like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained.
12.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “lathe” in the secnd paragraph?
A.Dislike. B.Fear.
C.Put up with. D.Adapt t.
13.What did Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes and his team discver frm their study?
A.What we eat actually helps t develp ur persnality.
B.Males are mre likely t enjy spicy fd than females.
C.Thse trying t avid risks tend t be less interested in spicy fd.
D.Peple are wrng t treat “spicy” as a kind f taste rather than a feeling.
14.Why d sme peple like spicy fd accrding t the recent study?
A.Because their taste has becme less sensitive.
B.Because they lve the burning feeling.
C.Because they want t challenge themselves.
D.Because the mre they try spicy fd, the less it burns.
15.What's the main idea f the passage?
A.What ne likes t eat mainly depends n ne's persnality.
B.Whether ne enjys spicy fd depends largely n ne's persnality.
C.One's persnal experiences have nthing t d with their taste.
D.Different peple have different taste.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In mving t anther cuntry it is nt uncmmn t experience culture shck. As a Chinese persn in Britain, I am n different.
Basically, there are five stages f culture shck.
Stage ne can be called the“Turist stage”. If yu travel a lt, yu'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting t a turist. 16 After all, turists dn't usually stay t lng in ne place.
The secnd stage is the “shck stage”. 17 I am new in the cuntry. Will smene cheat r rb me? I dn't knw anybdy here and I miss hme. Luckily, my “shck perid” was quite shrt. I had s many things t d every day, s I didn't have time t get depressed.
18 Yu learn t deal with the difficulties and stp cmplaining. This perid can be slw and if yu fail, yu have t g back t the shck stage. I am very lucky. I have a rmmate wh has lived here fr several years. Every time I talk t her, I feel better.
19 We feel mre cmfrtable and can adapt t the new culture. I think this will take a lng time because I dn't see any trace f it in me.
The last stage is called the “re-entry shck stage”. This is the shck yu feel when returning hme. Everybdy is happy t see yu again, but yu've changed. 20
A.Yu may feel freign t yur wn culture.
B.Then cmes the stage f acceptance.
C.In the next stage, yu begin t adjust.
D.Prblems and anxiety appear at this time.
E.Yu start t identify with the new culture.
F.This stage can last fr mnths r just a cuple f days.
G.Find the curage t mve frward during this difficult stage.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last December, I was in Canada n business with my cwrkers. One f them, Frank, was much lder. He was physically 21 , having just recvered frm an illness. He didn't want the lcal 22 , s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut. Hwever, I thught this might have impacted his sense f 23 .
One night, I tld Frank I'd like t take him ut wherever he wanted t eat. 24 I had vegetarian fd preference and he did nt, he did nt want t 25 me by ging t places where I wuld have very few 26 . I assured him that it was nt a big issue and he 27 eventually. I then drve him t a restaurant he wuld prefer. With ther cwrkers ging ut separately, I was able t 28 Frank alne and 29 t him. My willingness t lend an ear brught us tw clser.
After we ended ur meal, I decided t 30 him right t the dr f the htel and nt the parking lt, because it was 31 utside, which wuld make him easily catch a cld. This felt gd, and ver the next few utings, it felt mre 32 t tell my cwrkers t wait inside the restaurant while I 33 the car fr them t avid the lw temperature in it.
Thugh 34 , such acts have magic pwer, spreading jy t each f us and filling us with a strng sense f cmmunity. I'm happy t find my cwrkers are getting mre and mre thughtful and 35 mre abut each ther.
B.tense C.weak D.addicted
B.culture C.climate D.map
B.cmmunity
C.respnsibility D.achievement
B.Thugh
C.Befre D.As
B.persuade
C.cnfuse D.remind
B.ptins
C.cmments D.surprises
B.admitted
C.aplgized D.agreed
hld f B.make fun f
C.get alng with D.make up with
B.speak
C.argue D.breathe
B.fllw
C.drp D.invite
B.dark
C.freezing D.dangerus
B.natural
C.familiar D.exciting
B.warmed
C.cleaned D.examined
B.embarrassing
C.unnecessary D.simple
B.wrry C.ask D.talk
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The brnze hrse head 36 was taken away by freign frces frm Yuanmingyuan returned hme after 160 years. Twelve animal head sculptures used t be 37 water clck in Yuanmingyuan. The hrse is ne f 12 Chinese zdiac 38 (sign)(生肖). The hrse head, designed by Italian artist Giuseppe Castigline and 39 (make) by Chinese craftsmen, is an excellent art wrk f the cmbinatin f the Eastern and Western cultures.
When the buildings in Yuanmingyuan burned dwn, quite a lt f relics 40 (lse) in the turmil (混乱) in 1860. 41 (lucky), seven f the 12 sculptures have s far been returned t China. In additin 42 the hrse head, the ther six are als in Beijing. Nt nly is the hrse head the first f the 12 animal-head sculptures 43 (return) t Yuanmingyuan, but it is als the first imprtant 44 (culture) relic t be put at its riginal site after being taken back frm verseas, Xinhua News Agency reprted.
The return f this bject 45 (tell) us that the cultural relics are clsely cnnected with the natin. The return f the sculpture sets an example fr peple all ver the wrld t bring mre lst relics back t their wn cuntries.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游,Alex很激动,请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。要点如下:
1.写信目的;
2.简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Mst Americans take pride in inviting guests with pen arms.
What shuld yu d if an American friend has invited yu t visit his family? Yu've never been t an American hme befre, and yu're nt sure what t d. Shuld yu take a gift? What time shuld yu arrive r leave? Hw lng shuld yu stay?Take it easy. I'll tell yu all abut it.
The questin f whether r nt t bring a gift ften wrries guests.Giving yur hst a gift is nt just a scial custm in sme cultures—it's expected. But in American culture, a guest des nt have t bring a gift. Of curse, sme peple d bring a small gift fr their hst. Prper gifts might usually be flwers, candy r—if the family has small children—tys. If yu chse nt t bring a gift, dn't wrry. N ne will even ntice.
Plan t arrive n time, r call t tell yur hst that yu will be late.When yu've finished the meal, the hst may invite everyne t mve t the living rm fr dessert with tea r cffee. After an hur r s, it's abut time t head fr the dr.
Americans usually like t invite guests ahead f time. Only very clse friends visit the hst unexpectedly withut being invited. This is especially true if the guests want t stay fr a few days. Here's ne glden rule fr huse guests: shrt stays are best. Even relatives dn't usually stay fr several weeks at a time. Yur hst family will appreciate yur cnsideratin (体贴), and they may even invite yu back!
答案全解全析
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个著名岛国的特别之处,旨在吸引游客前往参观。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Maldives中的第一句“It's believed that Maldives is ne f the mst ppular hneymn places as well as ne f the mst beautiful island cuntries.”可知, 人们认为,马尔代夫是最受欢迎的蜜月胜地之一,也是最美丽的岛国之一。所以,新婚夫妇最可能选择去马尔代夫旅游。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Fiji中的“It is famus fr the wrld's best surfing scenes, attracting many surfing lvers t ride the great waves.”可知,它以世界上最好的冲浪场景而闻名,吸引了许多冲浪爱好者来此冲浪。所以,斐济的特别之处在于它是冲浪爱好者最喜欢的岛国。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。 根据Malta中的最后一句 “The histric part f Malta is shwn in its architecture,great walled cities, and many undergrund tunnels.”可知,游客可以在马耳他探索地下隧道。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.adventurus adj.有冒险精神的 2.rmantic adj.浪漫的;富有情调的;美妙的 3.at least至少 4.be made up f...由……组成 5.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
5.suitable adj.合适的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了和父亲去泰国北部的志趣相投大象保护区的所见所闻。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The eldest,T Meh, had spent much f her life giving turists rides with a heavy irn seat tied t her back.”可知,最年长的T Meh,它一生中大部分时间都在背上绑着沉重的铁座椅,载着游客骑行。所以推知,T Meh经历了艰难的岁月。故选A,同时排除D项。文中只提到了T Meh的一个女儿Mae Dm,而Dd 和Gen Thng是它的两个外孙,可排除B项;由文章第二段最后一句也可知是它的女儿和两个外孙曾多年戴着锁链,故排除C项。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary was funded with the gal f prtecting the welfare f elephants”可知,志趣相投大象保护区成立的目的在于保护大象。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“By prviding such pprtunities fr visitrs, the place gives back t the village by helping the villagers make mre mney and learn English.”可知,村民们能从这个保护区中得到更多的收入。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Last fall,my dad and I visited the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary, which is lcated in the muntains f nrthern Thailand.”及最后一段第一句“If yu want t see elephants in their natural envirnment, the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary is a nice place t g.”可知,本文叙述了作者在大象保护区参观的所见所闻(中间三段具体描述了作者和父亲在保护区的经历)。所以D选项“参观大象保护区”为文章最佳标题。
【高频词汇】 1.turn ut结果是;证明是 2.chain n.锁链;链条;链子 3.entertain v.使娱乐;招待;款待 4.give birth t生孩子 5.maintain v.维持;保持;保养;供养
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新加坡的小贩文化及其存在的意义,同时还提及其目前的困境。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Singapre's traditin f eating ut in places called hawker centers is nw recgnized by the United Natins fr its cultural imprtance.”可知,新加坡的小贩文化被加入联合国教科文组织的名单,是因为其在展示新加坡文化方面的重要性。故选B。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their gds are very ppular.”可知,叫卖小贩们在露天区域卖东西。故选A。第二段说一些著名的厨师表扬了他们,并不是他们是著名的厨师,排除B项;C项信息文中并未作说明;此外,他们只是受到了一些著名厨师的表扬,并没有足够的信息说明他们在全世界都是受欢迎的,故排除D项。
10.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三、四句“Nw, the centers ffer many different lw-cst meals t lcal peple and prvide a pleasing scial setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians shwed its stars enjying meals at a famus night market.”可知,作者提到电影《摘金奇缘》是为了证明小贩聚集中心的受欢迎程度。故选C。
11.A 主旨大意题。最后一段讲到了现在小贩的平均年龄很高,而年轻一些的新加坡人不想在这些小的餐馆工作,并且还受到了新冠肺炎疫情的影响,由此可知本段主要讲述了小贩文化面临的困境。故选A。B、C两项只是困境中的一部分;文中并没有提到小贩文化的未来会怎样,只是描述了现状,故排除D。
【高频词汇】 1.advertise v.(为……)做广告;登广告 2.serve as...充当……;用作…… 3.diverse adj.各种各样的 4.setting n.背景;环境 5.clean up打扫;清扫;把……弄干净;清理
6.crisis n.危机 7.prevent sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟一个人的性格有关。
12.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it.中的while意为“而,然而”,表示对比,所以推断出lathe应该与lve意思相对。A项意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,符合语境。 B项意为“害怕”;C项意为“忍受”;D项意为“适应;改变”,均与语境不符。
13.C 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.可知,这让科学家们认为,也许人们对辛辣食物的喜爱是由于对刺激的渴望,人们通常从看动作片或坐过山车中获得刺激;结合倒数第二段中的thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water可知,那些喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喜欢辣味水的可能性是其他人的六倍。由此推断出,那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物,反向推之可知C项信息与原文相符。根据第二段最后一句中的But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality可知,最新的研究发现,一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他(她)的性格有关,所以文章提到了性格,但与A项“实际上我们吃的东西有助于培养我们的个性”的内容不符;B项“男性比女性更喜欢吃辣的食物”的信息原文未提及;根据第四段前两句可知,但是在你看研究之前,你应该首先知道辣不是一种味道,不像酸、甜、苦和咸的味道。事实上,它是你在舌头表面感受到的一种强烈的感觉,所以D项“人们错误地把辣当作一种味道,而不是一种感觉”不是研究的发现,是研究之前就存在的事实。
14.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的yu actually learn t like the burning feeling可知,人们喜欢吃辣的食物是因为人们喜欢强烈的感觉。所以B项信息与原文相符。根据最后一段第一句Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it.可知,我们过去认为有些人之所以能忍受辛辣食物,是因为他们的舌头对辛辣食物不那么敏感了,所以A项是过去的思想而不是最新研究的发现;C项“因为他们想挑战自己”和D项“因为他们越尝试辣的食物,它越不辣”的信息原文未提及。
15.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.可知,最新研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟性格有关。结合整篇文章的内容可知,文章主要是对此研究做出了具体说明,所以B项符合文章的主旨。文章只提及了“辛辣食物”,所以A项“一个人喜欢吃什么主要取决于他的性格”范围广,超出了文章的主旨范围。C项“个人经历与口味无关”和D项“不同的人有不同的口味”均与文章主旨不符。
【高频词汇】 1.be related t 与……有关 2.affect vt.影响;使感染;感动 3.persnality n.性格;个性 4.bther v.花费精力/时间(做某事) 5.bring abut 引起;导致;发生 6.participant n.参与者,参加者
长难句分析
原句 By cmparing the answers t the questinnaire and hw participants said they felt abut the spicy water, researchers fund that thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water.
分析 本句为主从复合句。 water为介词短语作状语,其中hw引导宾语从句,与and前的the answers t the questinnaire并列;that thse...是that引导的宾语从句,作动词fund的宾语;wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks是wh引导的定语从句,修饰先行词thse。
句意 通过比较调查问卷的答案和参与者们说的他们对辣味水的感觉,研究人员发现那些喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喜欢辣味水的可能性约是其他人的六倍。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化冲击的五个阶段,以及每个阶段的一些表现。
16.F 根据上文“Stage ne can be called the ‘Turist stage’. If yu travel a lt, yu'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting t a turist.”以及下文“After all, turists dn't usually stay t lng in ne place.”可知,上文提到了第一阶段是“游客阶段”,且下文提到游客不会待太久,所以本句是在说明这个阶段持续的时间的长短问题。F选项“这个阶段可能会持续几个月或仅仅几天”符合语境,且选项中This stage指代上文Stage ne。故选F。
17.D 根据下文中的“I am new in the cuntry. Will smene cheat r rb me? I dn't knw anybdy here and I miss hme.”可知,本段描述了这个阶段的一些具体表现,提到了害怕被骗、被抢劫和想家,说明这个阶段会出现担忧、焦虑等问题。D选项“这时问题和焦虑就出现了”符合语境。故选D。
18.C 根据下句“Yu learn t deal with the difficulties and stp cmplaining.”可知,下文提到这个阶段的表现是学会处理困难,停止抱怨,说明这个阶段人们开始学着处理问题,开始适应。C选项“在下一个阶段,你开始适应”符合语境。故选C。
19.B 根据下句“We feel mre cmfrtable and can adapt t the new culture.”可知,下文提到这个阶段的表现是感觉更舒服,也能适应新的文化,说明开始接受并融入新环境中。B选项“然后是接受的阶段”符合语境。故选B。
20.A 根据上文“The last stage is called the ‘re-entry shck stage’. This is the shck yu feel when returning hme. Everybdy is happy t see yu again, but yu've changed.”可知,在这一阶段,当你回到家乡时,你改变了,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文,说明变化是什么。A选项“你可能会对自己的文化感到陌生”符合语境。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.after all毕竟 2.rb v.抢劫;掠夺 3.depressed adj.沮丧的;抑郁的 4.deal with处理;解决 5.cmplain v.抱怨
6.adapt t适应 7.adjust v.适应,习惯;调整,调节
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了去加拿大出差时为了照顾同住旅馆的同事而做的一些暖心的事情。
21.C 根据空格后的“having just recvered frm an illness”可知,弗兰克刚从一场病中康复,所以身体很虚弱。strng强壮的; tense紧张的; weak虚弱的; addicted上瘾的。故选C。
22.A 根据下文“s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut”可知,所以他待在旅馆里,而我们其他人出去吃饭。显然弗兰克没有出去吃饭。此处指的是本地食物。fd食物; culture文化; climate气候; map地图。故选A。
23.B 根据上文的“He didn't want the lcal 22 , s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut.” 可知,只有弗兰克留在了旅馆。所以作者认为这可能会影响到他的团队意识。directin方向; cmmunity团体; respnsibility责任; achievement成就。故选B。
24.D 24、25、26空可结合在一起看,作者告诉弗兰克不管他想去哪吃他都会带他去,因为作者喜欢素食,而他不喜欢,所以弗兰克不想去那些作者没有多少选择的地方来麻烦作者。空格处表示“因为”。故选D。
25.A 因为作者喜欢素食,而弗兰克不喜欢。所以弗兰克不想麻烦作者。truble麻烦; persuade说服; cnfuse迷惑; remind提醒。故选A。
26.B 根据上文的“I had vegetarian fd preference and he did nt ”可知,因为两个人的饮食习惯不同,如果两个人去弗兰克喜欢的餐厅,作者选择(的菜品)就少了。custmer顾客; ptin选择; cmment评论; surprise意外。故选B。
27.D 根据下句“I then drve him t a restaurant he wuld prefer.”可知,弗兰克最终同意了去适合他的口味的餐厅。leave离开; admit承认; aplgize道歉; agree同意。故选D。
28.C 根据上文“With ther cwrkers ging ut separately”可知,作者和同事分开出去,由此判断,作者可以和弗兰克单独相处。catch hld f抓住; make fun f取笑; get alng with和……相处; make up with与……和解。故选C。
29.A 根据下文“My willingness t lend an ear brught us tw clser.”可知,作者一直在倾听弗兰克讲话。故选A。
30.C 根据下文“nt the parking lt”可知,作者没有把车开到停车场,而是开车把弗兰克送到酒店的门口并放下。lead引导; fllw追随; drp将……送到并放下;invite邀请。故选C。
31.C 根据下文“which wuld make him easily catch a cld”可推知,外面很冷。cludy阴天的; dark黑暗的; freezing极冷的; dangerus危险的。故选C。
32.B 此题可以和33题整体来看。根据上文的“This felt gd, and ver the next few utings”可知,这种感觉很好,这让作者在接下来的几次外出时,告诉同事在餐馆里边等着,作者为他们暖车,这种情况感觉起来更加自然。interesting有趣的; natural自然的; familiar熟悉的; exciting令人兴奋的。故选B。
33.B 根据上文的“which wuld make him easily catch a cld”和“tell my cwrkers t wait inside the restaurant”可知,天气很冷,作者让同事在餐馆里边等着是因为作者要给同事暖车。park停车;warm使温暖; clean打扫; examine检查。故选B。
34.D 根据上文提到的作者带弗兰克出去吃饭以及作者给同事暖车的行为可知,这里指的是作者为同事们做的是简单的小事情。challenging具有挑战性的; embarrassing令人尴尬的; unnecessary不必要的; simple简单的。故选D。
35.A 根据上文的“ getting mre and mre thughtful”可知同事们变得更体贴,更关心彼此。care关心; wrry担忧; ask问; talk谈话。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.preference n.偏爱,倾向 2.assure v.使确信;向……保证 3.separately adv.单独地;分别地 4.catch a cld 感冒 5.a sense f一种……感 6.get alng with与……相处
7.freezing adj.极冷的
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了被外国军队从圆明园带走的青铜马首在160年后回到了家乡。
36.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:被外国军队从圆明园带走的青铜马首在160年后回到了家乡。分析句子可知,设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词为“The brnze hrse head”,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which或that。
37.a 考查冠词。句意:十二兽首雕塑曾经是圆明园的一个水力钟。“clck”为可数名词,此处表示泛指,“water”以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。
38.signs 考查名词复数。ne f +可数名词的复数形式。故填 signs。
39.made 考查过去分词。句意:由意大利画家郎世宁设计,并被中国工匠制造的马首是东西方文化结合的优秀的艺术作品。分析句子可知,空格前的并列连词and连接的成分均作后置定语,The hrse head与make之间是被动关系。故填过去分词made。
40.were lst 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在圆明园中的建筑被烧毁后,相当多的遗物在1860年的战乱中丢失了。分析句子成分可知,此处作主句的谓语动词,由时间状语in 1860可知用一般过去时,遗物是被丢失的且主语为 quite a lt f relics,故填were lst。
41.Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,到目前为止,十二个雕像当中的七个已经被送回中国。分析句子可知,空格处作状语修饰整个句子,并结合句意可知应填副词Luckily。
42.t 考查固定短语。句意:除了马首之外,其他六个也都在北京。in additin t为固定短语,意为“除……外(还有)”。
43.t be returned 考查动词不定式及语态。句意:据新华社报道,马首不仅是12个兽首雕塑中第一个被归还圆明园的,也是第一个从海外带回后被安置在原址的重要文化遗产。the first后常跟不定式作后置定语,此处the first与return之间为被动关系,故填t be returned。
44.cultural 考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处填形容词,修饰后面的名词relic。故填cultural。
45.tells 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这件物品的回归告诉我们,文物与其国家是紧密相连的。分析句子成分可知,此处是主句中的谓语动词,由从句中的are和语境可知此处使用一般现在时,主句的主语为单数名词,故谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填tells。
【高频词汇】 1.burn dwn(被)烧毁 2.s far迄今为止
3.set an example fr...为……树立榜样
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Alex,
Thrilled t hear that yu are cming t Guangdng with yur family fr a tur after the Spring Festival, I am writing t intrduce a must-see turist destinatin fr yu as yu have never been t Guangdng befre.
As the landmark f Guangzhu, the Cantn Twer is famus fr its unique design, ffering yu a bird-eye view f the whle city and sme entertainment activities inside as well. 600 metres in height, the Cantn Twer is like a mdern-lking lady greeting visitrs frm hme and abrad.
I am lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
1.语篇内容解读
①主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通; 语篇类型:说明文。
②文章内容:本文主要介绍去美国朋友家做客时要注意的事项,主要包括:要不要带礼物;何时到达、何时离开;在朋友家待多久。
2.文章脉络分析
One pssible versin:
Mst Americans welcme a visit t their hme. (要点1)
Firstly, it desn't matter whether the guests bring gifts r nt, but if yu want t bring gifts, yu can bring flwers r candy r tys fr children. An hur r s after the dessert is finished, it's abut time t leave.(要点2)
Secndly, plan t arrive n time, r call t tell yur hst that yu will be late. (要点3)Thirdly, shrt stays are best.(要点4)
1.B
2. B
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.D
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.A
13.C
14.B
15.B
16.F
17.D
18.C
19.B
20.A
21.C
22.A
23.B
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.C
31.C
32.B
33.B
34.D
35.A
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It's always adventurus and rmantic t visit an island cuntry. Take a lk at sme breathtakingly beautiful island cuntries in the wrld, which everyne shuld visit at least nce in his lifetime.
Maldives
It's believed that Maldives is ne f the mst ppular hneymn places as well as ne f the mst beautiful island cuntries. Situated in the Indian Ocean, Maldives is made up f a series f ancient cral reefs that grw up alng the sides f ancient vlcanes, with fascinating beaches.
Fiji
Fiji has plenty f surprises fr any adventurus travelers. It is famus fr the wrld's best surfing scenes, attracting many surfing lvers t ride the great waves. Well, if surfing is nt fr yu and yu lve sitting n the beach and relaxing, hiking r seeing breathtaking waterfalls, Fiji is als a suitable island cuntry t visit.
Malta
Malta, a beautiful suthern Eurpean cuntry in the Mediterranean Sea, has a rich histry and culture. There are amazing sky-high cliffs t climb and wnderful temples t visit. And there are lts f amazing places where yu can g diving. There are plenty f interesting things t explre here and everyne can find smething t enjy. The histric part f Malta is shwn in its architecture, great walled cities, and many undergrund tunnels.
1.Which place will be mst likely t be chsen by a newly-married cuple accrding t the text?
A.The Mediterranean Sea.
B.Maldives.
C.Malta.
D.Fiji.
2.What is the special part abut Fiji?
A.Yu can see the wrld's mst breathtaking waterfalls.
B.It is surfing lvers' favurite island cuntry.
C.There are sky-high cliffs t explre.
D.Yu can try the wrld's lngest tunnels.
3.What can turists d in Malta?
A.Hike n green plains.
B.Ride the greatest waves.
C.See breathtaking waterfalls.
D.Explre undergrund tunnels.
B
Last fall,my dad and I visited the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary,which is lcated in the muntains f nrthern Thailand. Althugh ur stay was shrt, it turned ut t be the mst memrable part f ur hliday.
Upn arrival,we headed t the base t learn abut the elephants that were in the care f lcal peple. The eldest,T Meh, had spent much f her life giving turists rides with a heavy irn seat tied t her back.Her daughter,Mae Dm,and grandsns,Dd and Gen Thng,had als spent years in chains ding hard wrk t entertain turists. It brke ur hearts t hear their sad stries.
Early the next mrning, we saw T Meh and Mae Dm explring the frest and Dd playing by the river. Seeing them free was a heartwarming experience. The Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary was funded with the gal f prtecting the welfare f elephants, and that is why this place des nt ffer elephant rides r elephant perfrmances f any kind. Instead, it tries t educate visitrs n these amazing animals.
But we did mre than just get t knw the elephants. We als cked and ate tgether with ur hst family, learned abut the language f the lcal peple, and helped teach English t the children in the village. In ding these activities, we were able t experience the lcal custms and culture firsthand.By prviding such pprtunities fr visitrs, the place gives back t the village by helping the villagers make mre mney and learn English. It's a win-win situatin.
If yu want t see elephants in their natural envirnment, the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary is a nice place t g. It's an experience yu wn't frget.
4.What can we learn abut T Meh?
A.She lived thrugh hard times.
B.She gave birth t three babies.
C.She is used t wearing chains.
D.There was n irn seat n her back.
5.What des the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary aim t d?
A.T entertain turists.
B.T teach languages.
C.T prtect elephants.
D.T maintain custms.
6.What benefit d villagers get frm the sanctuary?
A.Higher incme.
B.Cheaper travel.
C.Free elephant rides.
D.Live entertainment.
7.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.My Best Hliday
B.Stpping Hurting Elephants
C.One Perfrmance Yu Can't Miss
D.A Visit t the Elephant Sanctuary
C
Singapre's traditin f eating ut in places called hawker centers is nw recgnized by the United Natins fr its cultural imprtance.
A hawker is a persn wh sells fd r gds and advertises by shuting at peple walking by n the street. Hawkers are an imprtant part f Singaprean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their gds are very ppular. Famus chefs, such as Anthny Burdain and Grdn Ramsay, have praised them.
On Wednesday, the United Natins' cultural agency, UNESCO, added the city's “hawker culture” t its Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity. Singapre sught t have hawker culture added t the list abut tw years ag. Nw that it has been recgnized, Singapre must prvide a reprt every six years t UNESCO. The reprt must shw the effrts it has made t save and supprt its hawker culture.
“These centers serve as ‘cmmunity dining rms', where peple frm diverse backgrunds gather and share the experience f dining ver breakfast, lunch and dinner,” UNESCO said.
In the 1970s, Singapre cleaned up its streets s the street hawkers mved t new eating centers. These areas were part f an effrt t imprve the island. Nw, the centers ffer many different lw-cst meals t lcal peple and prvide a pleasing scial setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians shwed its stars enjying meals at a famus night market. Sme sellers even received Michelin stars frm a famus restaurant rating system fr their meals csting nly a few dllars.
But, nw the average age f hawkers in Singapre is 60 years ld. Yunger Singapreans nw want t wrk in ffices. They are less interested in wrking in small restaurants. The COVID-19 health crisis als hurt sales, preventing freign visitrs and lcals frm eating ut.
8.Why is hawker culture added t UNESCO's list?
A.Fr the effrts Singapre has made.
B.Fr its imprtance in shwing Singapre's culture.
C.Fr the reprt Singapre prvided.
D.Fr the recmmendatin by UNESCO.
9.What d we knw abut hawkers frm Paragraph 2?
A.They sell gds in the pen-air area.
B.They are famus chefs.
C.They are Singapre natives.
D.They are ppular all ver the wrld.
10.Why is the film Crazy Rich Asians mentined?
A.T advertise the film.
B.T intrduce the stars.
C.T shw the ppularity f hawker centers.
D.T help the sellers receive Michelin stars.
11.What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A.The difficulties hawker culture is facing.
B.The average age f hawkers.
C.The effect caused by COVID-19.
D.The future f hawker culture.
D
What's yur pinin n spicy fd? Sme peple cannt handle even the smallest amunt f chili peppers in their dinner while thers can't get enugh f them.
Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it. Plenty f research has been dne n the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previus results shwed that a lve f chilies is related t childhd experiences, and that cultural influences affect ur taste t. But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.
“We have always assumed that the liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But n ne has actually directly bthered t cnnect persnality with intake f chili peppers,” said Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes frm Pennsylvania State University, wh led the study.
But befre yu lk at the study, yu shuld first knw that “spicy” is nt a taste, unlike sur, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that yu feel n the surface f yur tngue. This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.
In the study, 97 participants, bth male and female, were asked t fill ut questinnaires abut their persnality, fr example, whether they like new experiences r tend t avid risks. They were then given a glass f water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed int it.
By cmparing the answers t the questinnaire and hw participants said they felt abut the spicy water, researchers fund that thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it. Hwever, this latest study has fund mre therwise. “It's nt that it desn't burn as badly, but that yu actually learn t like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained.
12.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “lathe” in the secnd paragraph?
A.Dislike. B.Fear.
C.Put up with. D.Adapt t.
13.What did Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes and his team discver frm their study?
A.What we eat actually helps t develp ur persnality.
B.Males are mre likely t enjy spicy fd than females.
C.Thse trying t avid risks tend t be less interested in spicy fd.
D.Peple are wrng t treat “spicy” as a kind f taste rather than a feeling.
14.Why d sme peple like spicy fd accrding t the recent study?
A.Because their taste has becme less sensitive.
B.Because they lve the burning feeling.
C.Because they want t challenge themselves.
D.Because the mre they try spicy fd, the less it burns.
15.What's the main idea f the passage?
A.What ne likes t eat mainly depends n ne's persnality.
B.Whether ne enjys spicy fd depends largely n ne's persnality.
C.One's persnal experiences have nthing t d with their taste.
D.Different peple have different taste.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In mving t anther cuntry it is nt uncmmn t experience culture shck. As a Chinese persn in Britain, I am n different.
Basically, there are five stages f culture shck.
Stage ne can be called the“Turist stage”. If yu travel a lt, yu'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting t a turist. 16 After all, turists dn't usually stay t lng in ne place.
The secnd stage is the “shck stage”. 17 I am new in the cuntry. Will smene cheat r rb me? I dn't knw anybdy here and I miss hme. Luckily, my “shck perid” was quite shrt. I had s many things t d every day, s I didn't have time t get depressed.
18 Yu learn t deal with the difficulties and stp cmplaining. This perid can be slw and if yu fail, yu have t g back t the shck stage. I am very lucky. I have a rmmate wh has lived here fr several years. Every time I talk t her, I feel better.
19 We feel mre cmfrtable and can adapt t the new culture. I think this will take a lng time because I dn't see any trace f it in me.
The last stage is called the “re-entry shck stage”. This is the shck yu feel when returning hme. Everybdy is happy t see yu again, but yu've changed. 20
A.Yu may feel freign t yur wn culture.
B.Then cmes the stage f acceptance.
C.In the next stage, yu begin t adjust.
D.Prblems and anxiety appear at this time.
E.Yu start t identify with the new culture.
F.This stage can last fr mnths r just a cuple f days.
G.Find the curage t mve frward during this difficult stage.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last December, I was in Canada n business with my cwrkers. One f them, Frank, was much lder. He was physically 21 , having just recvered frm an illness. He didn't want the lcal 22 , s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut. Hwever, I thught this might have impacted his sense f 23 .
One night, I tld Frank I'd like t take him ut wherever he wanted t eat. 24 I had vegetarian fd preference and he did nt, he did nt want t 25 me by ging t places where I wuld have very few 26 . I assured him that it was nt a big issue and he 27 eventually. I then drve him t a restaurant he wuld prefer. With ther cwrkers ging ut separately, I was able t 28 Frank alne and 29 t him. My willingness t lend an ear brught us tw clser.
After we ended ur meal, I decided t 30 him right t the dr f the htel and nt the parking lt, because it was 31 utside, which wuld make him easily catch a cld. This felt gd, and ver the next few utings, it felt mre 32 t tell my cwrkers t wait inside the restaurant while I 33 the car fr them t avid the lw temperature in it.
Thugh 34 , such acts have magic pwer, spreading jy t each f us and filling us with a strng sense f cmmunity. I'm happy t find my cwrkers are getting mre and mre thughtful and 35 mre abut each ther.
B.tense C.weak D.addicted
B.culture C.climate D.map
B.cmmunity
C.respnsibility D.achievement
B.Thugh
C.Befre D.As
B.persuade
C.cnfuse D.remind
B.ptins
C.cmments D.surprises
B.admitted
C.aplgized D.agreed
hld f B.make fun f
C.get alng with D.make up with
B.speak
C.argue D.breathe
B.fllw
C.drp D.invite
B.dark
C.freezing D.dangerus
B.natural
C.familiar D.exciting
B.warmed
C.cleaned D.examined
B.embarrassing
C.unnecessary D.simple
B.wrry C.ask D.talk
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The brnze hrse head 36 was taken away by freign frces frm Yuanmingyuan returned hme after 160 years. Twelve animal head sculptures used t be 37 water clck in Yuanmingyuan. The hrse is ne f 12 Chinese zdiac 38 (sign)(生肖). The hrse head, designed by Italian artist Giuseppe Castigline and 39 (make) by Chinese craftsmen, is an excellent art wrk f the cmbinatin f the Eastern and Western cultures.
When the buildings in Yuanmingyuan burned dwn, quite a lt f relics 40 (lse) in the turmil (混乱) in 1860. 41 (lucky), seven f the 12 sculptures have s far been returned t China. In additin 42 the hrse head, the ther six are als in Beijing. Nt nly is the hrse head the first f the 12 animal-head sculptures 43 (return) t Yuanmingyuan, but it is als the first imprtant 44 (culture) relic t be put at its riginal site after being taken back frm verseas, Xinhua News Agency reprted.
The return f this bject 45 (tell) us that the cultural relics are clsely cnnected with the natin. The return f the sculpture sets an example fr peple all ver the wrld t bring mre lst relics back t their wn cuntries.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游,Alex很激动,请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。要点如下:
1.写信目的;
2.简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Mst Americans take pride in inviting guests with pen arms.
What shuld yu d if an American friend has invited yu t visit his family? Yu've never been t an American hme befre, and yu're nt sure what t d. Shuld yu take a gift? What time shuld yu arrive r leave? Hw lng shuld yu stay?Take it easy. I'll tell yu all abut it.
The questin f whether r nt t bring a gift ften wrries guests.Giving yur hst a gift is nt just a scial custm in sme cultures—it's expected. But in American culture, a guest des nt have t bring a gift. Of curse, sme peple d bring a small gift fr their hst. Prper gifts might usually be flwers, candy r—if the family has small children—tys. If yu chse nt t bring a gift, dn't wrry. N ne will even ntice.
Plan t arrive n time, r call t tell yur hst that yu will be late.When yu've finished the meal, the hst may invite everyne t mve t the living rm fr dessert with tea r cffee. After an hur r s, it's abut time t head fr the dr.
Americans usually like t invite guests ahead f time. Only very clse friends visit the hst unexpectedly withut being invited. This is especially true if the guests want t stay fr a few days. Here's ne glden rule fr huse guests: shrt stays are best. Even relatives dn't usually stay fr several weeks at a time. Yur hst family will appreciate yur cnsideratin (体贴), and they may even invite yu back!
答案全解全析
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个著名岛国的特别之处,旨在吸引游客前往参观。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Maldives中的第一句“It's believed that Maldives is ne f the mst ppular hneymn places as well as ne f the mst beautiful island cuntries.”可知, 人们认为,马尔代夫是最受欢迎的蜜月胜地之一,也是最美丽的岛国之一。所以,新婚夫妇最可能选择去马尔代夫旅游。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Fiji中的“It is famus fr the wrld's best surfing scenes, attracting many surfing lvers t ride the great waves.”可知,它以世界上最好的冲浪场景而闻名,吸引了许多冲浪爱好者来此冲浪。所以,斐济的特别之处在于它是冲浪爱好者最喜欢的岛国。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。 根据Malta中的最后一句 “The histric part f Malta is shwn in its architecture,great walled cities, and many undergrund tunnels.”可知,游客可以在马耳他探索地下隧道。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.adventurus adj.有冒险精神的 2.rmantic adj.浪漫的;富有情调的;美妙的 3.at least至少 4.be made up f...由……组成 5.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
5.suitable adj.合适的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了和父亲去泰国北部的志趣相投大象保护区的所见所闻。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The eldest,T Meh, had spent much f her life giving turists rides with a heavy irn seat tied t her back.”可知,最年长的T Meh,它一生中大部分时间都在背上绑着沉重的铁座椅,载着游客骑行。所以推知,T Meh经历了艰难的岁月。故选A,同时排除D项。文中只提到了T Meh的一个女儿Mae Dm,而Dd 和Gen Thng是它的两个外孙,可排除B项;由文章第二段最后一句也可知是它的女儿和两个外孙曾多年戴着锁链,故排除C项。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary was funded with the gal f prtecting the welfare f elephants”可知,志趣相投大象保护区成立的目的在于保护大象。故选C。
6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“By prviding such pprtunities fr visitrs, the place gives back t the village by helping the villagers make mre mney and learn English.”可知,村民们能从这个保护区中得到更多的收入。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Last fall,my dad and I visited the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary, which is lcated in the muntains f nrthern Thailand.”及最后一段第一句“If yu want t see elephants in their natural envirnment, the Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary is a nice place t g.”可知,本文叙述了作者在大象保护区参观的所见所闻(中间三段具体描述了作者和父亲在保护区的经历)。所以D选项“参观大象保护区”为文章最佳标题。
【高频词汇】 1.turn ut结果是;证明是 2.chain n.锁链;链条;链子 3.entertain v.使娱乐;招待;款待 4.give birth t生孩子 5.maintain v.维持;保持;保养;供养
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新加坡的小贩文化及其存在的意义,同时还提及其目前的困境。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Singapre's traditin f eating ut in places called hawker centers is nw recgnized by the United Natins fr its cultural imprtance.”可知,新加坡的小贩文化被加入联合国教科文组织的名单,是因为其在展示新加坡文化方面的重要性。故选B。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their gds are very ppular.”可知,叫卖小贩们在露天区域卖东西。故选A。第二段说一些著名的厨师表扬了他们,并不是他们是著名的厨师,排除B项;C项信息文中并未作说明;此外,他们只是受到了一些著名厨师的表扬,并没有足够的信息说明他们在全世界都是受欢迎的,故排除D项。
10.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三、四句“Nw, the centers ffer many different lw-cst meals t lcal peple and prvide a pleasing scial setting. The 2018 film Crazy Rich Asians shwed its stars enjying meals at a famus night market.”可知,作者提到电影《摘金奇缘》是为了证明小贩聚集中心的受欢迎程度。故选C。
11.A 主旨大意题。最后一段讲到了现在小贩的平均年龄很高,而年轻一些的新加坡人不想在这些小的餐馆工作,并且还受到了新冠肺炎疫情的影响,由此可知本段主要讲述了小贩文化面临的困境。故选A。B、C两项只是困境中的一部分;文中并没有提到小贩文化的未来会怎样,只是描述了现状,故排除D。
【高频词汇】 1.advertise v.(为……)做广告;登广告 2.serve as...充当……;用作…… 3.diverse adj.各种各样的 4.setting n.背景;环境 5.clean up打扫;清扫;把……弄干净;清理
6.crisis n.危机 7.prevent sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟一个人的性格有关。
12.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it.中的while意为“而,然而”,表示对比,所以推断出lathe应该与lve意思相对。A项意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,符合语境。 B项意为“害怕”;C项意为“忍受”;D项意为“适应;改变”,均与语境不符。
13.C 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.可知,这让科学家们认为,也许人们对辛辣食物的喜爱是由于对刺激的渴望,人们通常从看动作片或坐过山车中获得刺激;结合倒数第二段中的thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water可知,那些喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喜欢辣味水的可能性是其他人的六倍。由此推断出,那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物,反向推之可知C项信息与原文相符。根据第二段最后一句中的But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality可知,最新的研究发现,一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他(她)的性格有关,所以文章提到了性格,但与A项“实际上我们吃的东西有助于培养我们的个性”的内容不符;B项“男性比女性更喜欢吃辣的食物”的信息原文未提及;根据第四段前两句可知,但是在你看研究之前,你应该首先知道辣不是一种味道,不像酸、甜、苦和咸的味道。事实上,它是你在舌头表面感受到的一种强烈的感觉,所以D项“人们错误地把辣当作一种味道,而不是一种感觉”不是研究的发现,是研究之前就存在的事实。
14.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的yu actually learn t like the burning feeling可知,人们喜欢吃辣的食物是因为人们喜欢强烈的感觉。所以B项信息与原文相符。根据最后一段第一句Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it.可知,我们过去认为有些人之所以能忍受辛辣食物,是因为他们的舌头对辛辣食物不那么敏感了,所以A项是过去的思想而不是最新研究的发现;C项“因为他们想挑战自己”和D项“因为他们越尝试辣的食物,它越不辣”的信息原文未提及。
15.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.可知,最新研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟性格有关。结合整篇文章的内容可知,文章主要是对此研究做出了具体说明,所以B项符合文章的主旨。文章只提及了“辛辣食物”,所以A项“一个人喜欢吃什么主要取决于他的性格”范围广,超出了文章的主旨范围。C项“个人经历与口味无关”和D项“不同的人有不同的口味”均与文章主旨不符。
【高频词汇】 1.be related t 与……有关 2.affect vt.影响;使感染;感动 3.persnality n.性格;个性 4.bther v.花费精力/时间(做某事) 5.bring abut 引起;导致;发生 6.participant n.参与者,参加者
长难句分析
原句 By cmparing the answers t the questinnaire and hw participants said they felt abut the spicy water, researchers fund that thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water.
分析 本句为主从复合句。 water为介词短语作状语,其中hw引导宾语从句,与and前的the answers t the questinnaire并列;that thse...是that引导的宾语从句,作动词fund的宾语;wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks是wh引导的定语从句,修饰先行词thse。
句意 通过比较调查问卷的答案和参与者们说的他们对辣味水的感觉,研究人员发现那些喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喜欢辣味水的可能性约是其他人的六倍。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化冲击的五个阶段,以及每个阶段的一些表现。
16.F 根据上文“Stage ne can be called the ‘Turist stage’. If yu travel a lt, yu'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting t a turist.”以及下文“After all, turists dn't usually stay t lng in ne place.”可知,上文提到了第一阶段是“游客阶段”,且下文提到游客不会待太久,所以本句是在说明这个阶段持续的时间的长短问题。F选项“这个阶段可能会持续几个月或仅仅几天”符合语境,且选项中This stage指代上文Stage ne。故选F。
17.D 根据下文中的“I am new in the cuntry. Will smene cheat r rb me? I dn't knw anybdy here and I miss hme.”可知,本段描述了这个阶段的一些具体表现,提到了害怕被骗、被抢劫和想家,说明这个阶段会出现担忧、焦虑等问题。D选项“这时问题和焦虑就出现了”符合语境。故选D。
18.C 根据下句“Yu learn t deal with the difficulties and stp cmplaining.”可知,下文提到这个阶段的表现是学会处理困难,停止抱怨,说明这个阶段人们开始学着处理问题,开始适应。C选项“在下一个阶段,你开始适应”符合语境。故选C。
19.B 根据下句“We feel mre cmfrtable and can adapt t the new culture.”可知,下文提到这个阶段的表现是感觉更舒服,也能适应新的文化,说明开始接受并融入新环境中。B选项“然后是接受的阶段”符合语境。故选B。
20.A 根据上文“The last stage is called the ‘re-entry shck stage’. This is the shck yu feel when returning hme. Everybdy is happy t see yu again, but yu've changed.”可知,在这一阶段,当你回到家乡时,你改变了,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文,说明变化是什么。A选项“你可能会对自己的文化感到陌生”符合语境。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.after all毕竟 2.rb v.抢劫;掠夺 3.depressed adj.沮丧的;抑郁的 4.deal with处理;解决 5.cmplain v.抱怨
6.adapt t适应 7.adjust v.适应,习惯;调整,调节
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了去加拿大出差时为了照顾同住旅馆的同事而做的一些暖心的事情。
21.C 根据空格后的“having just recvered frm an illness”可知,弗兰克刚从一场病中康复,所以身体很虚弱。strng强壮的; tense紧张的; weak虚弱的; addicted上瘾的。故选C。
22.A 根据下文“s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut”可知,所以他待在旅馆里,而我们其他人出去吃饭。显然弗兰克没有出去吃饭。此处指的是本地食物。fd食物; culture文化; climate气候; map地图。故选A。
23.B 根据上文的“He didn't want the lcal 22 , s he stayed in the htel while the rest f us dined ut.” 可知,只有弗兰克留在了旅馆。所以作者认为这可能会影响到他的团队意识。directin方向; cmmunity团体; respnsibility责任; achievement成就。故选B。
24.D 24、25、26空可结合在一起看,作者告诉弗兰克不管他想去哪吃他都会带他去,因为作者喜欢素食,而他不喜欢,所以弗兰克不想去那些作者没有多少选择的地方来麻烦作者。空格处表示“因为”。故选D。
25.A 因为作者喜欢素食,而弗兰克不喜欢。所以弗兰克不想麻烦作者。truble麻烦; persuade说服; cnfuse迷惑; remind提醒。故选A。
26.B 根据上文的“I had vegetarian fd preference and he did nt ”可知,因为两个人的饮食习惯不同,如果两个人去弗兰克喜欢的餐厅,作者选择(的菜品)就少了。custmer顾客; ptin选择; cmment评论; surprise意外。故选B。
27.D 根据下句“I then drve him t a restaurant he wuld prefer.”可知,弗兰克最终同意了去适合他的口味的餐厅。leave离开; admit承认; aplgize道歉; agree同意。故选D。
28.C 根据上文“With ther cwrkers ging ut separately”可知,作者和同事分开出去,由此判断,作者可以和弗兰克单独相处。catch hld f抓住; make fun f取笑; get alng with和……相处; make up with与……和解。故选C。
29.A 根据下文“My willingness t lend an ear brught us tw clser.”可知,作者一直在倾听弗兰克讲话。故选A。
30.C 根据下文“nt the parking lt”可知,作者没有把车开到停车场,而是开车把弗兰克送到酒店的门口并放下。lead引导; fllw追随; drp将……送到并放下;invite邀请。故选C。
31.C 根据下文“which wuld make him easily catch a cld”可推知,外面很冷。cludy阴天的; dark黑暗的; freezing极冷的; dangerus危险的。故选C。
32.B 此题可以和33题整体来看。根据上文的“This felt gd, and ver the next few utings”可知,这种感觉很好,这让作者在接下来的几次外出时,告诉同事在餐馆里边等着,作者为他们暖车,这种情况感觉起来更加自然。interesting有趣的; natural自然的; familiar熟悉的; exciting令人兴奋的。故选B。
33.B 根据上文的“which wuld make him easily catch a cld”和“tell my cwrkers t wait inside the restaurant”可知,天气很冷,作者让同事在餐馆里边等着是因为作者要给同事暖车。park停车;warm使温暖; clean打扫; examine检查。故选B。
34.D 根据上文提到的作者带弗兰克出去吃饭以及作者给同事暖车的行为可知,这里指的是作者为同事们做的是简单的小事情。challenging具有挑战性的; embarrassing令人尴尬的; unnecessary不必要的; simple简单的。故选D。
35.A 根据上文的“ getting mre and mre thughtful”可知同事们变得更体贴,更关心彼此。care关心; wrry担忧; ask问; talk谈话。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.preference n.偏爱,倾向 2.assure v.使确信;向……保证 3.separately adv.单独地;分别地 4.catch a cld 感冒 5.a sense f一种……感 6.get alng with与……相处
7.freezing adj.极冷的
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了被外国军队从圆明园带走的青铜马首在160年后回到了家乡。
36.which/that 考查定语从句。句意:被外国军队从圆明园带走的青铜马首在160年后回到了家乡。分析句子可知,设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词为“The brnze hrse head”,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which或that。
37.a 考查冠词。句意:十二兽首雕塑曾经是圆明园的一个水力钟。“clck”为可数名词,此处表示泛指,“water”以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。
38.signs 考查名词复数。ne f +可数名词的复数形式。故填 signs。
39.made 考查过去分词。句意:由意大利画家郎世宁设计,并被中国工匠制造的马首是东西方文化结合的优秀的艺术作品。分析句子可知,空格前的并列连词and连接的成分均作后置定语,The hrse head与make之间是被动关系。故填过去分词made。
40.were lst 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在圆明园中的建筑被烧毁后,相当多的遗物在1860年的战乱中丢失了。分析句子成分可知,此处作主句的谓语动词,由时间状语in 1860可知用一般过去时,遗物是被丢失的且主语为 quite a lt f relics,故填were lst。
41.Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,到目前为止,十二个雕像当中的七个已经被送回中国。分析句子可知,空格处作状语修饰整个句子,并结合句意可知应填副词Luckily。
42.t 考查固定短语。句意:除了马首之外,其他六个也都在北京。in additin t为固定短语,意为“除……外(还有)”。
43.t be returned 考查动词不定式及语态。句意:据新华社报道,马首不仅是12个兽首雕塑中第一个被归还圆明园的,也是第一个从海外带回后被安置在原址的重要文化遗产。the first后常跟不定式作后置定语,此处the first与return之间为被动关系,故填t be returned。
44.cultural 考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处填形容词,修饰后面的名词relic。故填cultural。
45.tells 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这件物品的回归告诉我们,文物与其国家是紧密相连的。分析句子成分可知,此处是主句中的谓语动词,由从句中的are和语境可知此处使用一般现在时,主句的主语为单数名词,故谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填tells。
【高频词汇】 1.burn dwn(被)烧毁 2.s far迄今为止
3.set an example fr...为……树立榜样
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear Alex,
Thrilled t hear that yu are cming t Guangdng with yur family fr a tur after the Spring Festival, I am writing t intrduce a must-see turist destinatin fr yu as yu have never been t Guangdng befre.
As the landmark f Guangzhu, the Cantn Twer is famus fr its unique design, ffering yu a bird-eye view f the whle city and sme entertainment activities inside as well. 600 metres in height, the Cantn Twer is like a mdern-lking lady greeting visitrs frm hme and abrad.
I am lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
1.语篇内容解读
①主题语境:人与社会——跨文化沟通; 语篇类型:说明文。
②文章内容:本文主要介绍去美国朋友家做客时要注意的事项,主要包括:要不要带礼物;何时到达、何时离开;在朋友家待多久。
2.文章脉络分析
One pssible versin:
Mst Americans welcme a visit t their hme. (要点1)
Firstly, it desn't matter whether the guests bring gifts r nt, but if yu want t bring gifts, yu can bring flwers r candy r tys fr children. An hur r s after the dessert is finished, it's abut time t leave.(要点2)
Secndly, plan t arrive n time, r call t tell yur hst that yu will be late. (要点3)Thirdly, shrt stays are best.(要点4)
1.B
2. B
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.D
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.A
13.C
14.B
15.B
16.F
17.D
18.C
19.B
20.A
21.C
22.A
23.B
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.C
31.C
32.B
33.B
34.D
35.A
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