高中英语外研版必修4Module 2 Traffic Jam单元测试课后测评

这是一份高中英语外研版必修4Module 2 Traffic Jam单元测试课后测评，共22页。

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Orchard
I had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant. The fd was lvely and the service was quite gd. We chse t eat in the garden which was full f beautiful flwers and very relaxing. The nly disappintment was the dessert (甜点) — the apple pie was far t sweet and it was cld t. Apart frm that it was an enjyable evening. As fr the price — what a bargain, excellent value fr mney!
Park Inn
The best thing abut Park Inn was the service — it was excellent. There was a warm welcme when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening. Hwever, the fd wasn't as gd. The menu lked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless. It's nt a cheap restaurant and I wasn't happy t pay s much fr bring fd.
Richard's Place
When we entered the restaurant, we were surprised by the lvely interir (内部的) design f it. S stylish, s mdern! This is ne f the mst ppular restaurants in twn and it's very easy t see why. The fd was great and excellent value fr mney but it was ruined by very, very pr service!
The Riverside
It was lvely sitting utside and lking ver the river. There were lts f little lanterns (灯笼) and clred lights everywhere and it all lked very pretty. The fd was gd, nthing very special but quite tasty. The service was OK; we didn't have t wait t lng fr ur fd but the waiter never lked very happy! It's quite an expensive place but with the view I think it's quite gd value fr mney.
21. In which restaurant can custmers eat in the garden?
A. Park Inn.
B. The Orchard.
C. The Riverside.
D. Richard's Place.
22. What makes the custmers f Park Inn mst satisfied?
A. The fd.
B. The price.
C. The service.
D. The envirnment.
23. In Richard's Place, custmers can _____.
A. receive gd service
B. enjy its mdern design
C. listen t wnderful music
D. enjy the beauty f a river

B
A man wh spent nine mnths sleeping n the streets has turned his life arund — and nw delivers (运送) tw tnnes f fd t hmeless peple every week.
Mark Harvey has set up City Harvest and cllects unused fd frm restaurants and supermarkets that is then given t thse in need.
The life as a business wner is a wrld away frm Mark's previus life, which saw his marriage break dwn after lsing his jb as a successful cameraman. The 51-year-ld sn fund himself hmeless and was frced t sleep n the streets fr nine mnths in 2006.
Mark sn realised he didn't have the strength t spend anther cld night sleeping in the pen — and he knew it was time t get help and rebuild his life.
Sn after being helped int a hstel he was intrduced t a man wh ran a sup kitchen that cllected fd t make meals fr the hmeless. Mark is a gd driver s he helped cllect wasted fd and redistribute (重新分配) it t the sup kitchen.
When the service came t a stp 8 years later, Mark had built up the cntacts he needed t run his wn business. He said: “I was hiring a van and ding my wn redistributin. I wuld ask sme f the charities I drpped ff at t make a small dnatin (捐款) as well t cver sme f the csts.”
Slwly, Mark's Actn-based charity has grwn frm strength t strength and he nw has a bard f directrs and a team f 21 vlunteers (志愿者). The team cllect fd frm Nand's, Mrrisns, Marks & Spencer, and even Gurmet Burger Kitchen, and then redistribute it t the Salvatin Army, St Mung's, Ealing Sup Kitchen and many mre charities, cvering almst the whle f Lndn.
Nw City Harvest is n a mney-raising drive s they can emply anther driver, and get fd delivered t even mre peple.
24. What was “Mark's previus life” like?
A. Successful.
B. Peaceful.
C. Busy.
D. Hard.
25. When did Mark start his wn business?
A. In 2006.
B. In 2008.
C. In 2014.
D. In 2015.
26. What's the main wrk f City Harvest?
A. Raising mney fr charities.
B. Delivering fd fr restaurants.
C. Cllecting wasted fd and giving it t charities.
D. Making meals fr the hmeless with wasted fd.
27. What will City Harvest prbably d in the near future?
A. Frm a bard f directrs.
B. Increase the number f its members.
C. Build up cntacts with mre large restaurants.
D. Enlarge its service area t cver the whle f Lndn.

C
Fr 10 years, Clumbia prfessr Sheena Iyengar has been studying chice. Fr her research paper, they ran tw tests:
At first, they set up a free tasting bth (货摊) in a stre, with six different jams (果酱). 40% f the custmers stpped t taste. 30% f thse bught sme.
A week later, they set up the same bth in the same stre, but this time with twenty-fur different jams. 60% f the custmers stpped t taste. But nly 3% bught sme!
Lessns learned: Having many chices seems attractive (40% vs 60% stpped t taste). Yet having many chices makes custmers 10 times less likely t buy (30% vs 3% actually bught).
Surgen Atul Gawande fund that 65% f peple surveyed said if they were t get cancer, they'd want t chse their wn treatment. Amng peple surveyed wh really d have cancer, nly 12% f patients want t chse their wn treatment.
S, if yu ask yur custmers if they want mre chices, they will say they d — but they really dn't.
Online stres ften ffer t many chices n their frnt page, lists f dzens f new arrivals, tp sellers, sale items, and categries. Artists shwcasing their art (music, essays, phts) ften present a lng list f everything they've dne.
But all f us culd pssibly cme t these cnclusins:
Only present 3 t 6 chices at a time. N less than 3. N mre than 6. Only shw yur deep selectin (选择) when peple are searching fr smething specific.
My favrite example f this is Firefx's abut:cnfig feature. There are hundreds f frightening chices that are hidden frm mst peple, but they are there fr the few wh need them.
28. Hw is the secnd test different frm the first ne?
A. It sld mre jams.
B. It had mre bths.
C. It ffered fewer jams.
D. It attracted mre custmers.
29. What cnclusin can we draw frm the tw tests led by Sheena Iyengar?
A. Mre chices lead t mre sales.
B. Mre chices result in fewer sales.
C. Custmers dn't like being given lts f chices.
D. Sales dn't have anything t d with chices available.
30. What des the authr want t tell us by mentining Atul Gawande's survey?
A. Peple dn't like t many chices actually.
B. Peple dn't have many chices t treat cancer.
C. Peple always lk fr different kinds f chices.
D. Peple wuld rather treat cancer in their wn ways.
31. What's special abut Firefx's abut:cnfig?
A. It attracts a variety f users.
B. It serves a specific grup f users.
C. It ffers many chices n its frnt page.
D. It prvides limited chices fr mst peple.

D
Public transprtatin is beneficial (有益的) fr many reasns: it helps reduce traffic and air pllutin, and supprts mre efficient (有效的) land use means. Mrever, public transprtatin is cheaper than driving: It's reprted that a husehld can save arund $9,823 a year by taking public transprtatin and living with ne less car.
If yu need anther reasn t cnsider using public transprtatin mre ften, cnsider this: taking public transit instead f driving yur wn vehicle (车辆) reduces yur chance f being in a traffic accident by mre than 90%. Accrding t the Natinal Safety Cuncil, there were 40,327 mtr vehicle deaths in 2016. The majrity f these deaths (23,714) were ccupants in cars and light trucks. Only 249 passenger deaths in 2016 were the result f train accidents, and there were nly 40 deaths f bus ccupants in 2016.
Unfrtunately, ridership n public transit is declining acrss the United States. One pssibility may be the ppularity f ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft, althugh studies n that differ: sme say ride-sharing services increase public transit usage, while thers say they reduce it.
Even as ridership in the rest f the cuntry decreases, the Orange Cunty Transprtatin Authrity's OC Bus 360˚ system has seen a 19.6% increase since September 2017. They achieved this by adding services t the nrthern part f the cunty, where ridership was higher, and cutting sme lesser-used rutes in ther parts. In thse areas, they are instead trying OC Flex, an n-demand shuttle (按需班车) service ffering unlimited rides fr a few dllars per day.
T encurage peple t take public transprtatin, the gvernment has its part t d. Meanwhile, yu can als take part. Try using public transprtatin t get t wrk r schl nce a week. Take sme time t learn mre abut the bus rutes and ther public transprtatin chices in yur area, and find ways t use it. Yu'll be ding yur part t reduce pllutin, and decreasing yur risk f being injured in an accident.
32. What d the numbers in Paragraph 2 shw?
A. Taking buses is safer than taking trains.
B. Peple can save mney by using public transit.
C. Mtr vehicle deaths have been n the rise in recent years.
D. Taking public transit is safer than driving ne's wn vehicle.
33. What des the underlined wrd “declining” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Changing.
B. Grwing.
C. Drpping.
D. Disappearing.
34. What has happened in Orange Cunty since September 2017?
A. Public transit services are being prvided fr free.
B. Peple are increasingly chsing t take public transit.
C. The gvernment is adding bus rutes acrss the cunty.
D. The gvernment is putting mre mney int public transit services.
35. What's the authr's purpse in writing this text?
A. T encurage peple t use public transit.
B. T intrduce a new public transit system.
C. T give suggestins n hw t travel safely n the rad.
D. T call fr the gvernment t imprve public transit services.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is a very gd way t learn a new language and culture. 36
Firstly, it's imprtant t chse a bk which is the right level fr yu. If yu are just starting ut with English, dn't try t read a 600-page classic nvel! 37 S start with smething at yur wn level. The mre yu read at yur level the better yu will get, and ne day, yu will be ready fr smething mre difficult!
Secndly, althugh it's useful t have a dictinary at hand t lk up wrds, I wuld suggest trying nt t translate everything wrd fr wrd. Yu will sn get bred f lking thrugh the dictinary! 38 And accept that yu are nt ging t understand every wrd. It will ften be the case that the wrds yu dn't recgnise are uncmmn wrds that yu will never use in yur life!
Finally, perseverance (坚持) is imprtant. At first it may seem that reading has becme a bring task. 39 The feeling f finishing a bk in a different language is very satisfying. If yu finish ne bk, dn't stp there! The mre yu read the mre vcabulary yu will learn and the mre yu will start t becme familiar with sentence structures. 40
A. It's better t use an nline dictinary.
B. It will make yu feel sad abut yur wn level.
C. If yu learn a new wrd, try t use it in a sentence.
D. If yu enjy reading, why nt use it t help yu learn English?
E. This will give yu mre cnfidence t carry n learning English.
F. Once yu get int the stry, yu will nt be able t stp reading!
G. Lk up the wrds that are imprtant fr yu t understand the text.

第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shamatt had just arrived in Las Vegas when he realized his wallet was gne. It cntained $60, his bank card, and his identificatin (身份证明) card. He was 41 , but it was his sister's wedding weekend and he didn't want t make a big deal f it. He thught maybe he 42 it n his plane frm Omaha t Vegas, s he called the 43 . He had n 44 .
“I thught it was 45 frever,” he said.
Fllwing the wedding, he headed t the airprt t fly hme but was 46 abut barding the plane withut ID. After an hur-lng interview, Shamatt was finally 47 nt the plane.
The fllwing day, a package (包裹) arrived at his hme which cntained his wallet — 48 intact (完好的) — with a 49 that said: “I runded yur cash up t an even $100 50 yu culd celebrate getting yur wallet back. Have fun!”
“N way, n way,” Shamatt remembered saying upn 51 the nte. “That can't be.”
“Everybdy was s 52 ; nne f us culd believe it,” Shamatt's mther said. “It was really amazing.”
Shamatt wanted t thank the 53 stranger, s he 54 a picture f the nte n Facebk with a message asking fr help 55 the stranger. It gt thusands f likes and shares.
56 , the man in questin was identified as Tdd Brwn. Shamatt wrte Brwn a letter:
“Sir, I really 57 what yu've dne. I never 58 t see my wallet again, let alne with $40 mre. Thank yu s much. I've gt student lans (贷款) and it really makes a(n) 59 .”
Brwn was 60 by hw meaningful his act had been t the Shamatt family. “He tld me he cried when I tld him everything that happened,” Shamatt said.
41. A. bred B. unhappy C. tired D. afraid
42. A. lst B. made C. hid D. missed
43. A. airline B. plice C. statin D. family
44. A. truble B. fun C. luck D. change
45. A. taken B. gne C. damaged D. wasted
46. A. wrng B. serius C. angry D. wrried
47. A. rdered B. invited C. allwed D. advised
48. A. partly B. prbably C. hardly D. perfectly
49. A. nte B. ntice C. picture D. card
50. A. if B. as C. but D. s
51. A. sending B. reading C. writing D. leaving
52. A. prud B. surprised C. nervus D. careful
53. A. rich B. brave C. patient D. kind
54. A. psted B. saw C. picked D. drew
55. A. finding B. visiting C. prtecting D. interviewing
56. A. Firstly B. Suddenly C. Finally D. Naturally
57. A. supprt B. appreciate C. dubt D. cnsider
58. A. managed B. agreed C. frgt D. expected
59. A. difference B. mistake C. chice D. excuse
60. A. attracted B. frightened C. tuched D. encuraged
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We have been taught frm 61. ________ early age that red means stp and green means g in traffic signals (信号). But why were thse clrs chsen fr traffic lights?
Well, 62. ________ is imprtant t knw that befre traffic lights fr cars came alng, there were traffic signals fr trains. At first, railrad cmpanies used red t mean stp, white t mean g, and green as a warning. Hwever, train cnductrs ran int a few 63. ________ (prblem) with white meaning g. Fr example, ne train cnductr mistk a bright star fr a white light and 64. ________ (think) it was all clear. Because f things like that, railway cmpanies 65. ________ (eventual) decided green wuld mean g, and it has been that way ever since.
As far as red ges, it's the clr with the lngest wavelength (波长) s it can 66. ________ (see) frm a greater distance than ther clrs. As far as yellw ges, it was used 67. ________ (warn) drivers because it has a shrter wavelength than red, but nt as shrt 68. ________ green.
S next time yu're waiting at a traffic light, 69. ________ (be) patient and dn't get mad at 70. ________ (they); they've certainly cme a lng way.

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day, ur class went n a trip t a greenhuse. We were amazed at hw many difference plants were grwing in the building. The gardener explained that she kept the greenhuse warmly s that the plants culd grw better. When I gt hme, I tell my mm all abut the greenhuse. I asked her we culd build ne in urs backyard. Mm said, “A greenhuse sund like fun, but it can be a lt f wrks. Why dn't yu grw sme tmates in a cntainer first t see if yu are gd at make plants grw well?” I decided t have the try. I wuld grw s much many tmates that nly a greenhuse wuld be able t hld them all!
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，刚从国外某旅游景点回来。请你用英语给该景点负责人写一封邮件，反映景点存在的交通问题。内容包括：
1. 你发现的问题（停车位太少、有些交通标志破损严重）；
2. 你的解决建议；
3. 你的愿望。
注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir / Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua

选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If yu've ever heard f e-waste, yu've prbably heard abut Alex Lin.
Alex Lin, a 21-year-ld, started t clear the wrld f e-waste as an rdinary by. One day, Lin was just reading the newspaper when he nticed smething abut e-waste and began t realize hw harmful the chemicals in it are t the envirnment. And s Lin decided t take actin.
At 11 years ld, he and his friends frm Rhde Island thught up Prject WIN (Westerly Innvatins Netwrk). T get started, Lin gt help frm cmmunity services t spread the message abut e-waste. That's when Lin and his team decided t save the parts f ld cmputers t create new nes fr kids in develping cuntries. That way, they culd help recycle cmputers while helping ther children frm prer cuntries experience technlgy! They ended up transfrming 300,000 punds f e-waste int new cmputers fr develping cuntries!
And yet, Alex Lin had a bigger gal t achieve. He realized that the nly way t make recycling e-waste a habit was t make a law stpping peple dumping (倾倒) e-waste. Then Lin met with Arthur Handy, the state representative, discussing the e-waste bill fr Rhde Island. Unfrtunately the bill did nt pass. “We felt s sad,” says Brdie, a friend f Lin's.
But Lin and his team didn't give up. They wrte articles fr newspapers and even made speeches in public. Sn, lcal media gt Lin's stry and helped spread the wrd t millins f peple in the area. Finally, the Huse and Senate f Rhde Island passed the bill after seeing the 400 names n the petitin (请愿书) Lin and his team had cllected. They were excited. They had finally made it!
After the huge success, Lin decided that he culd d even mre fr the wrld. And with that, his lcal WIN rganizatin grew int the glbal WIN Netwrk, encuraging ther cuntries t take actin n e-waste.
1. What led Lin t start t clear e-waste?
A. A news reprt n the tpic.
B. The influence frm his cmmunity.
C. His interest in ding recycling wrk.
D. The encuragement frm his friends.
2. Hw did Lin and his team deal with e-waste in the beginning?
A. They made it int new electrnics.
B. They sld it t the develping wrld.
C. They taught peple hw t use electrnics.
D. They tried t make a law frbidding e-waste dumping.
3. Hw did the wrk f getting the bill passed g?
A. It went as well as expected.
B. It was slwed by the lcal media.
C. It was difficult but it was wrth it.
D. It was fruitless and let peple dwn.
4. What is the main purpse f this text?
A. T explain the harm f e-waste.
B. T encurage mre peple t jin WIN.
C. T call n peple t prtect the envirnment.
D. T intrduce sme stries abut a yung envirnmentalist.

B
The wrld's ldest knwn wild bird, an albatrss (信天翁) named Wisdm, has returned t her nesting place in the Midway Atll. The 68-year-ld bird has just laid anther egg.
The Midway Atll is made f tw small islands in the middle f the Pacific Ocean. It is an imprtant place fr albatrsses, and an imprtant place fr scientists wh want t study them. One f the ways scientists can study birds is by banding (给……戴环志) them. Putting a small numbered band n the leg f a bird, helps scientists tell which bird is which. This makes it easier t keep track f what happens amng the birds. Over 250,000 albatrsses have been banded n Midway since 1936.
Wisdm was first banded by scientist Chandler Rbbins in 1956, alng with thusands f ther albatrsses. At the time, she was at least 5 years ld. Wisdm carried Rbbins' band arund the wrld fr many years. Then, surprisingly, the scientist and the bird were reunited in 2002, when Rbbins returned t Midway t research albatrsses again. He rebanded Wisdm and, checking the band recrds, discvered he had been the first ne t put a band n her — 46 years befre.
Wisdm was using the same nesting place. Adult albatrsses spend a lt f their lives flying ver the sea, resting frm time t time n the water t eat. But they return t the same nesting place every year. When albatrsses chse a partner (配偶), they remain partners fr life. But Wisdm has been alive s lng that she has had a few partners.
Wisdm is nt just ld, she is als active. Because it takes s much time and energy fr parent albatrsses t raise a chick — it takes abut seven mnths until it can fly — many albatrsses lay eggs every ther year. But Wisdm has laid an egg every single year since 2006. Because Wisdm has been laying eggs fr s lng, she culd have her chicks and the chicks f her chicks all arund her. There may sn be ne mre t add t the list.
5. What des the authr want t d in Paragraph 2?
A. Use an example t supprt the tpic.
B. Offer sme backgrund infrmatin.
C. Give an explanatin fr what happened.
D. Attract the readers' interest in the tpic.
6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Hw albatrsses are banded.
B. Hw bilgists study albatrsses.
C. The life f Wisdm since she was banded.
D. The cnnectin between Wisdm and a scientist.
7. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Wisdm.
B. Wisdm's chick.
C. A baby albatrss.
D. A parent albatrss.
8. Hw is Wisdm different frm rdinary albatrsses?
A. She lays an egg every year.
B. She uses different nesting spts.
C. She changes partners very ften.
D. She has been banded several times.
参考答案
21-25 BCBDC 26-30 CBDBA 31-35 DDCBA 36-40 DBGFE
41-45 BAACB 46-50 DCDAD 51-55 BBDAA 56-60 CBDAC
61. an 62. it 63. prblems 64. thught 65. eventually
66. be seen 67. t warn 68. as 69. be 70. them
短文改错
71. ... many difference plants ... difference → different
72. ... the greenhuse warmly ... warmly → warm
73. ... I tell my mm ... tell → tld
74. I asked her ... her后加if或whether
75. ... in urs backyard. urs → ur
76. ... greenhuse sund like ... sund → sunds
77. ... lt f wrks. wrks → wrk
78. ... gd at make ... make → making
79. ... have the try. the → a
80. ... s much many ... 去掉much
书面表达
One pssible versin:
Dear Sir / Madam,
I've just returned frm a trip t yur turist spt. I'm writing t say smething abut the traffic prblems there.
I fund there're nt enugh parking lts, frcing sme drivers t park anywhere they can n the rad. Besides, sme traffic signs have been damaged seriusly.
Therefre, I think first f all, yu shuld replace the damaged rad signs with new nes as sn as pssible, because they can cause safety prblems. And it's a gd idea t set up mre parking lts, which can make it easier fr drivers t park their cars and als make the spt tidier.
I hpe yu can take my suggestins int cnsideratin. I believe yur turist spt will be mre attractive if yu can imprve the traffic cnditins.
Yurs,
Li Hua

部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇
主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习
本文是应用文。文章为四家餐厅的顾客餐后评论。
21. B。细节理解题。由The Orchard部分中的We chse t eat in the garden which was full f beautiful flwers and very relaxing可知，在这家餐厅，顾客可选择在花园用餐。
22. C。细节理解题。由Park Inn部分中的The best thing abut Park Inn was the service可知，这家餐厅最好的方面是服务。
23. B。细节理解题。由Richard's Place部分中的we were surprised by the lvely interir design f it. S stylish, s mdern可知，这家餐厅内部装饰很好，顾客用餐时可欣赏其现代、时尚的装潢。
B篇
主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事
本文是记叙文。一个曾露宿街头的人凭着机遇和努力成为一位成功的慈善商人，为无家可归的人提供食物。
24. D。推理判断题。由第三段可知，Mark在从商之前，经历了婚姻破裂、失业并无家可归露宿街头数月。因此，他的那段日子是艰辛的。
25. C。细节理解题。由第三段中的The 51-year-ld sn fund himself hmeless ... in 2006和第四段、第五段以及第六段中的When the service came t a stp 8 years later, ... run his wn business可知，2006年时，露宿街头的Mark经人救助来到一个施食处帮忙。8年后，该处停止服务，Mark便开始创建自己的生意。
26. C。细节理解题。由第二段和倒数第二段可知，Mark创建的慈善组织City Harvest从多家饭店、超市等收集不用的食物，将其送至多家施食处或其他慈善机构，为需要的人们提供食物。
27. B。细节理解题。由最后一段可知，City Harvest目前正在筹集资金用来雇佣司机，把食物送给更多需要的人。
C篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会
本文是说明文。在我们进行消费时，是不是选择越多越好呢？本文通过研究发现告诉我们答案。
28. D。细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，第一次测试吸引了40%的顾客来品尝果酱，而第二次测试吸引了60%的顾客来品尝果酱。
29. B。推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，第一次测试提供给顾客6种果酱，吸引了40%的顾客，其中有30%的顾客选择购买；第二次测试提供给顾客24种果酱，吸引了60%的顾客，但其中只有3%的顾客选择购买。因此，增加顾客的选择反而降低了最终购买率。
30. A。细节理解题。根据第五、六段可知，表面上人们喜欢多一些选择，而事实上并非如此——他们并不喜欢选择太多。
31. D。推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，作者认为，选择不是越多越好，3到6个最佳。他列举Firefx's abut:cnfig就是为了证明自己的这一观点。Firefx's abut:cnfig隐藏了很多可有可无的选择，展现给大多数用户的应该是很有限的选择。
D篇
主题语境：人与社会——社会
本文是议论文。作者主要分析了乘坐公共交通工具的益处，劝说人们多乘坐公共交通工具，并给出了相应的建议。
32. D。推理判断题。第二段的主旨句是taking public transit instead f accident by mre than 90%，下文列举数据是为了论证该主旨句，即乘坐公共交通工具比驾驶私家车更安全。
33. C。词义猜测题。第一和第二段阐述了乘坐公共交通工具的好处，第三段用Unfrtunately开头，说明下文涉及的内容出现了转折；且由第四段中的Even as ridership in the rest f the cuntry decreases可知，虽然公共交通工具有益处，但乘坐公共交通工具的人数却在下降。
34. B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的the Orange Cunty ... 19.6% increase since September 2017可知，近来，橙县乘坐公共交通工具的人数有所上升。
35. A。写作目的题。作者首先阐述了乘坐公共交通工具的好处，紧接着介绍了人们乘坐公共交通工具的现状，最后呼吁人们尽可能地使用公共交通服务。作者写前半部分内容是为后面的内容做铺垫，因此，本文作者的主要写作目的是鼓励人们乘坐公共交通工具。
第二节
主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习
本文是说明文。阅读是学习一门外语的有效途径。通过阅读来学习外语时，有什么需要注意的地方呢？
36. D。D项起到承上启下的作用，承接上文“阅读”，引起下文“英语学习”。
37. B。B项中的It指代上文中的a 600-page classic nvel，说明选择大部头小说名著会让英语初学者对自己的英语水平感到沮丧。
38. G。本空所在段涉及阅读时用词典查阅生词的问题，故G项符合语境。
39. F。F项与上文At first it may seem that reading has becme a bring task存在时间上的递进关系和意义上的轻微转折关系，说明阅读英文原版书籍时，一开始像是令人厌烦的任务，但一旦你被带入故事当中，就会发现自己根本停不下来。
40. E。E项是上文The mre yu read the mre ... sentence structures所产生的积极影响，读得越多，懂得越多，学英语的信心就越足。
语言知识运用
第一节
主题语境：人与自我——生活
本文是记叙文。一名叫Shamatt的男子丢了钱包。没想到，钱包不仅被好心人寄了回来，而且钱包里面的钱还多了。
41. B。由上文的描述可知，Shamatt的钱包不见了。再结合下文中的but it was his sister's wedding weekend and he didn't want t make a big deal f it可推断，Shamatt有些“沮丧（unhappy）”。
42. A。由上文中的he realized his wallet was gne可知，他想自己也许将钱包“落（lst）”在飞机上了。
43. A。由本句中的He thught maybe he ... it n his plane frm Omaha t Vegas可知，他给“航 空公司（airline）”打了个电话。
44. C。由下文的描述可知，Shamatt给航空公司打了电话，但是并没有找到自己的钱包，因此，此处表示他“运气（luck）”不好。
45. B。由上文的描述以及下文中的I never ... t see my wallet again, let alne with $40 mre 可知，Shamatt心想自己的钱包永远“找不回来了（gne）”。
46. D。由第一段可知，Shamatt丢了钱包，里面有自己的身份证。故此处表示他很“担心（wrried）”自己没有身份证不能登机。
47. C。由本句中的After an hur-lng interview以及下文的描述可知，经过长达一个小时的面谈，Shamatt最后被“许可（allwed）”登机。
48. D。由语境可知，有人将Shamatt的钱包寄了回来，钱包完好无损，perfectly符合语境。
49. A。下文中的the nte是提示。
50. D。Shamatt的钱包里原来有60美元的现金。寄包裹的人把他的现金增添到100美元，希望“这样（s）” Shamatt就可以庆祝成功找回钱包了。
51. B。由上文可知，Shamatt收到一个包裹，里面有他的钱包，还有一张便条。再结合便条的内容可知，此处表示他“看了（reading）”便条，简直觉得不可思议。
52. B。由本句中的nne f us culd believe it可知，所有人都很“惊讶（surprised）”。
53. D。54. A。55. A。由上文可知，Shamatt的钱包不仅失而复得，而且钱包里面的钱还多了。因此，Shamatt想感谢那位“好心（kind）”人，他将便条的照片“发布（psted）”到Facebk上，希望大家能帮忙“找到（finding）”那位好心人。
56. C。由上文中的It gt thusands f likes and shares以及下文中的Shamatt wrte Brwn a letter可知，“最终（Finally）”，Shamatt找到了那位好心人。
57. B。由上文的描述以及下文中的Thank yu s much可知，Shamatt非常 “感激（appreciate）”Brwn先生。
58. D。由上文的描述以及本句中的let alne with $40 mre可知，Shamatt对找回钱包早已不抱“希望（expected）”，更不会想到钱包里还会多出40美元。
59. A。由本句中的 I've gt student lans以及下文中的hw meaningful his act had been t the Shamatt family可知，对Shamatt来说，Brwn先生所做的一切很重要，故填difference。make a difference意为“有作用”。
60. C。由下文中的he cried可知， Brwn先生得知自己的所作所为对Shamatt一家来说意义重大，他也很受“感动（tuched）”。
第二节
主题语境：人与社会——社会
本文是说明文。文章解释了为什么交通信号灯要用红、黄、绿3种颜色。
61. an。考查不定冠词。frm an early age 意为“从小时候”。
62. it。考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语t knw that befre traffic lights ... there were traffic signals fr trains，故填it。
63. prblems。考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，表示“问题”，prblem是可数名词，由其前的a few可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填prblems。
64. thught。考查一般过去时。设空处与mistk并列作谓语，表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填thught。
65. eventually。考查副词。设空处作状语，表示“最后”，故填副词eventually。
66. be seen。考查被动语态。it在此指代red，red与see之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。因为设空处前有情态动词can，故填be seen。
67. t warn。考查不定式作补语的用法。be used t d sth. 意为 “被用来做某事”。
68. as。考查介词。nt as / s +形容词原级+ as ... 表示“不像……那样……”。
69. be。考查祈使句。设空处所在句是祈使句，故填动词原形be。
70. them。考查代词。设空处作宾语, 指代traffic lights，表示“它们”，故填them。

选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 AACD 5-8 BDCA
解析
A篇
主题语境：人与自然——环境保护
本文是记叙文。一位少年了解到电子垃圾的危害后，果断采取行动，清理、回收利用电子垃圾。
1. A。细节理解题。由第二段中的One day, Lin was just reading the newspaper ... decided t take actin可知，Lin看报纸时注意到一篇有关电子垃圾的文章，了解到这类垃圾中的化学物质对环境的危害，于是决定采取行动。
2. A。细节理解题。由第三段中的That's when Lin and his team ... int new cmputers可知，一开始，Lin和他的团队回收利用电子垃圾，制成新的电子设备。
3. C。推理判断题。由第四段和第五段可知，Lin想要通过立法禁止人们倾倒电子垃圾，但过程比较曲折。一开始，这项法案并没有被通过，但他和团队成员并没有放弃，转而利用媒体和公众的力量再次发起申请。最终，他们的愿望达成，禁止人们倾倒电子垃圾的法案被通过。因此，该法案被通过的过程是艰难的，但所有的努力都是值得的。
4. D。写作目的题。本文主要介绍了一个少年回收电子垃圾保护环境的故事，包括他做这件事情的原因和采取的行动等，如创建WIN、传播电子垃圾知识、回收电子垃圾零件并制成新电脑送给需要的人、申请立法以禁止人们倾倒电子垃圾、扩大WIN组织规模、鼓励更多的人为清理电子垃圾贡献力量。
B篇
主题语境：人与自然——自然生态
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一只世界上已知最长寿的信天翁——Wisdm。
5. B。写作目的题。作者在第二段首先简单介绍了Midway Atll，说明该地是信天翁的重要栖息地，同时也是科学家研究信天翁的重要地点；接着作者介绍了科学家研究信天翁的一种手段——给它们佩戴环志，以了解它们的行踪。这部分内容为第一段中Wisdm的产卵地Midway Atll和第三段中Wisdm佩戴环志提供了背景信息。
6. D。段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了Wisdm被科学家Chandler Rbbins佩戴环志的故事。这位科学家在Wisdm大约五岁时给她戴上了环志，令人意想不到的是，46年后，他偶然间为Wisdm戴上了另一个环志，并认出了这位多年前的“故人”。
7. C。篇章结构题。划线单词所在句句意：信天翁抚养幼鸟要花费大量的时间和精力，它（信天翁幼鸟）需要经历七个月时间的成长才能飞翔，所以，许多信天翁都是隔年产卵。
8. A。细节理解题。由最后一段中的many albatrsses lay eggs ... every single year since 2006可知，许多信天翁隔年产卵，但Wisdm自2006年以来每年都产卵。