高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 1 Friendship导学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修1&2Unit 1 Friendship导学案，共16页。

友谊有利于人们的健康。在艰难中，她们是人们舒展身心，增添力量的源泉。要不遗余力地学会如何寻找真正的友谊，也要学会怎样寻找自己的知己。
你真正了解友谊和健康的关系吗？
While there is an impressive bdy f research linking friendship and health status, the precise reasns fr this cnnectin are still far frm clear. Mst f the studies are large prspective studies (that fllw peple ver a perid f time) and while there may be a crrelatin between the tw variables (friendship and health status), researchers still dn't knw if there is a cause－and－effect relatinship, e. g. that gd friendships actually imprve health.
There are a number f theries that attempt t explain the link, including that: 1) Gd friends encurage their friends t lead mre healthy lifestyles;2) Gd friends encurage their friends t seek help and access services, when needed;3) Gd friends enhance their friend's cping skills in dealing with illness and ther health prblems; and/r 4) Gd friends actually affect physilgical pathways that are prtective f health.
—Frm：en. wikipedia. rg
重点单词
请根据语义及提示写出单词
1. Thse excited ftball fans __________(搅乱)the game by shuting and thrwing bttles.
2. Many prvinces in ur cuntry s__________ a heavy lss in the fld in 2010.
3. Ten students will pay a visit t the Science Museum, Tm and Jhn __________(include).
4. We will make a __________(请求)fr help if necessary.
5. Yu'd better take a deep breath t __________ (calm) yurself befre answering the questin.
6. There is grwing __________(忧虑) abut vilence n the Internet.
7. Air pllutin is ne f the prblems that we can't affrd t __________(忽视).
8. The students has cme t the schl with the __________(目的)f passing the entrance exam.
9. She devted herself __________ (entire) t her research and it earned her a gd reputatin in her field.
10. Hpes f ecnmic ______(复苏)are fading.
1. upset 2. suffered 3. included 4. request
5. calm 6. cncern 7. ignre 8. purpse
9. entirely 10. recvery
重点短语：
请根据提示写出短语
1. __________… dwn 镇定下来
2. g __________ 经历
3. set __________ 记下；放下
4. set __________ ding 动身去；开始做
5. add __________ 增加
6. get __________ 与……相处
7. __________ talk 面谈
8. __________ __________ f 对……厌烦
1. calm 2. thrugh 3. dwn 4. abut
5. t 6. alng / n with 7. face－t－face 8. get/be tired
重点句式：
1. While walking the dg, yu were careless and it gt lse and was hit by a car. (P1)
2. …it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face t face…(P2)
单词细讲：
① add vi.&vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1)Their debt added up t mre than 100,000 yuan.
(2) His absence added t the difficulties t slve the prblem.
(3) Please add sme sweet t the milk t make it mre delicius.
(4) He added that the imprtance t rid the wrld f hunger shuld be emphasized.
(5) Add yur scres up and we'll see wh wn.
根据语义找匹配
A.补充说
B. 增加，增添
C. 把……加到……上；往……添加……
D. 总计达 E. 合计； 加起来
(1)D (2)B (3)C (4)A (5)E
链接
cme t ＝ add up t
added adj. 额外的；附加的；增添的
additin n. 除此之外； 另外
in additin (t) 除此之外
The cmpany prvides cheap Internet access. In additin, it makes sftware freely available.
该公司提供廉价的互联网接入服务。此外，它还推出免费的共享软件。
In additin t his mvie wrk, Redfrd is knwn as a champin f envirnmental causes.
除了电影事业外,雷福德还是知名的环保斗士。
根据语境用add的适当短语填空
The president said it was nt easy t manage a cmpany, (1)______ that the financial crisis (2)______ the difficulties. Hwever, the drmitry fr the wrkers must (3)______and they wuld (4)______ a tilet ______each rm. The week befre, he (5)______all the expenses and the ttal (6)______ mre than 100,000 yuan.
(1)adding(补充说) (2)added t(增加)
(3)be added t (扩建)
(4)add; t(把……加到……)
(5)added up(把……加起来)
(6)added up t(加起来的总和是，共计)
② cncern vt.&n.
根据语境猜词义
(1)One f the cncerns that peple have is that teenagers surf the Internet t much.
(2) In her last days, she expressed cncern fr the pr students.
(3) This study cncerns the matter f English study.
(4) Issues like fd additives d cncern me.
根据语义找匹配
A.与……有关；关于
B. 担心
C. 使……担心
D. 关切
(1) B (2) D
(3) A (4) C
链接
cncerned adj. 有关的； 忧虑的
cncerning prep. 关于；有关；涉及
短语
shw cncern abut/fr 担心，关心，挂念
have n cncern fr毫不关心
cncern neself abut/ fr 关心……；为……担忧
cncern neself with 从事；参与
be cncerned abut/ver/fr 关心； 挂念
be cncerned with/in 与……有关；涉及
句型
as far as…is cncerned 就……而言 (主要用于发表个人意见，常用在写作中，以发表自己的见解，可以代替I think)
As far as I am cncerned, I prefer t wrk in a team, which ffers me a chance t learn hw t get alng with thers and t share my experiences with them.
就我而言，我愿意团队合作，这就能为我提供学习与他人如何相处，如何分享的机会。
根据语境用cncern的恰当短语填空
Besides ding his research wrk, Prfessr Wang (1)_________(从事)scial wrk. Fr example, he (2)_________ (关心)wrld peace and human prgress. He als made it clear that his research wrk shuld (3)__________(与……有关)the farmers' incme because (4)_______(就他而论), t increase the farmers' incme is f greater imprtance than anything else.
(1) cncerns himself with/in r is cncerned with/in
(2) shws cncern abut/fr r is cncerned abut/fr
(3) be cncerned with r cncern
(4) as far as he is cncerned
③suffer vt.&vi.
根据语境猜词义
(1) His health suffered terribly frm heavy drinking.
(2) The city suffered serius damage frm the earthquake.
(3) He is suffering frm a bad cld.
(4) I can't suffer what yu said. Shut up!
根据语义找匹配
A.患……病
B. 遭受；蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、损失等)
C. 因……而受损失
D. 容忍
(1) C (2) B
(3) A (4) D
链接
suffering n. 痛苦，苦难
sufferer n. 受苦者；受难者；患者
短语
suffer frm 受……苦；患……(病)
suffer fr 为……而受苦
温馨提示
suffer 与suffer frm 都没有被动语态，也不存在其过去分词充当状语或定语之类的情况。
单项填空
( )(1) ______ heart attack fr years, Prfessr White has t take sme medicine with him wherever he ges.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Being suffered frm
D. Having suffered frm
D 考查suffer的搭配与非谓语动词的用法。由于suffer不用于被动语态，所以先排除其过去分词及现在分词的被动式的用法，即排除答案A和C。由于其宾语位置上的名词是疾病名称，所以要与frm连用，故答案是D。
( )(2) T sme life means pleasure, but t thers______.
A.suffer B. suffering
C. sufferings D. suffered
B 考查suffer的词性变化。根据命题特点，它是一个承前省略句，其选项部分应是句子的宾语，所以答案应是名词，故答案为B。
④calm vt. & adj.
根据语境猜词义
(1) He remained calm in the time f danger.
(2) Charlie tried his best t calm the frightened by.
(3) A ship is lying n the calm sea, sleeping.
根据语义找匹配
A.风平浪静；无风的；(海洋、湖泊等)平静的
B. 使平静；使安静；安抚
C. 镇静的；沉着的
(1) C (2) B (3) A
短语
calm dwn镇静；平静
calm sb. dwn使某人镇静
辨析
calm/quiet/still/silent
calm 指无风浪或人的心情平静
quiet 指环境安静，不吵闹
still 指没有运动或动作的状态
silent 指不做声，不讲话
用calm/quiet/still/silent填空
(1) Please keep ______while I take yur phtgraph.
(2) ______waters run deep.
(3) “B” is a ______letter in “dubt”.
(4) Yu'd better be ______abut what happened.
(5) The street is ______ at deep night.
(6) The sea was______.
(1) still still指“一动不动”的静。
(2) Still 静水流深，大智若愚。
(3)－(4) silent silent指“不发音”或“不说话”保持沉默的静。
(5) quiet quiet指自然界的宁静或指人不激动、不兴奋的静。
(6) calm calm指海、湖面无风浪的静或指心境的镇定、冷静。
猜猜After a strm cmes a calm. 的含义。
其字面意思是：暴风雨过后便是宁静。引申为：雨过天晴；柳暗花明。
⑤g thrugh
根据语境猜词义
(1)He'd gne thrugh all his mney by the end f the first week f his hliday.
(2)These cuntries have gne thrugh t many wars.
(3)She went thrugh her pckets and in the end fund the keys.
(4)Yu have t g thrugh sme frmalities (手续) if yu want t enter ur schl.
根据语义找匹配
A.履行
B. 经历，经受
C. 仔细检查
D. 用完
(1) D (2) B (3) C (4) A
短语
g against 违背
g abrad 出国；去海外
g ahead (交际用语。用于鼓励对方去说、去做)说吧！做吧！
g all ut t d sth. 全力以赴地做某事
g away 离开
g back t 回到……；追溯到
g far 大有前途
g t far 太过分
g in fr 爱好；从事；参与
g n 继续
g ver 复习；批改
g up (水的)上升；(价格的)上涨
g with 与……匹配
at ne g 一下子；一举
be n the g 十分活跃； 非常忙碌
make a g f ＝ succeed in sth. 在……获得成功
have a g at sb. ＝ scld sb. 指责某人
have a g n sth. ＝ have a try n sth. 尝试某事
链接
get thrugh 完成；通过；接通(电话)；花费
lk thrugh 浏览；仔细检查；往……里面看
cme thrugh 安然度过(疾病；危机等)
live thrugh 活过来
单项填空
( )(1) The plice suspected him f carrying drugs s they ______ his bag, but fund nthing.
A. lked up B. turned in
C. searched fr D. went thrugh
D 考查动词短语的语义辨析。lk up 抬头看，仰望； turn in上交； search fr 搜寻； g thrugh 经历；仔细检查。根据语境：警察怀疑他携带毒品，因此他们就仔细地检查他的包，但什么也没找到。所以答案是D。
( )(2) Althugh he had ______ thrugh a lt, he didn't ______ thrugh his jb n time.
A. lked; g B. gt; g
C. gne; get D. gt; cme
C 考查动词短语的语义辨析。lk thrugh 浏览，仔细看； g thrugh 经历； get thrugh 完成； cme thrugh安然度过。根据语境：尽管他历尽千辛万苦，但还是没按时做完他的工作。所以答案为C。
⑥ set dwn
根据语境猜词义
(1) I have set dwn everything that happened, exactly as I remember it.
(2) The bus sets the children dwn just utside the schl gate.
根据语义找匹配
A. 放下；停车让乘客下车
B. 记下；写下
(1) B (2)A
短语
set abut 着手做……；开始做……
set apart 使……分开；留出
set aside 把……置于一边；不顾
set ff 动身；出发；引爆
set ut 动身；出发；阐明；着手做……；开始做……
(1)你知道这些动词与dwn连用时的语义吗？
put dwn; take dwn; break dwn；cut dwn; let dwn；keep dwn
______________________________________________________________________
put dwn 放下，记下；
take dwn 摘下；
break dwn (机器)坏了；(人)累垮；
cut dwn 砍伐(树木)；削减；
let dwn使……失望；
keep dwn 压抑(感情)；使(经费)不增加。
(2)set abut与set ut都有“着手做……；开始做……”的意思，你知道它们的区别吗？
set abut中的abut是介词，其后接v.－ing形式；而set ut则需要接t d。
⑦ be tired f
根据语境猜词义
Althugh English is hard t learn, I'm nt tired f it. On the cntrary, I'm interested in it.
根据语义找匹配
A. 厌烦；讨厌 B. 疲惫
A
短语
be tired f 讨厌……
be tired frm 因……而疲惫
be tired ut 筋疲力尽
链接
tire v. (使……)疲劳；(使……)疲倦
tired adj. 疲倦的；困倦的；厌倦的；陈旧的
tiring adj. 令人疲劳的； 令人厌烦的
tiresme adj. 令人疲劳的； 令人厌烦的
根据语境语义用恰当的介词或副词填空
I'm tired ______the travel and I'm tired ______， s I'm tired ______travel.
frm; ut; f
⑧get alng with
根据语境猜词义
(1) Hw are yu getting alng with yur study?
(2) He is easy t get alng with.
根据语义找匹配
A.与……相处
B. 进展
(1) B (2) A
短语
get abut 四处走动；传开
get acrss 传达；使……理解
get alng/n (with) 进展，相处
get away 逃脱，设法离开
get back 恢复；回来；收回
get dwn 记下；下来；下车；使……忧愁
get dwn t ding sth. 开始认真干某事
get in 收割；进入；被录取
get ff 出发；下车
get n 上车
get ut 泄露；逃离
get ver 克服，成功应付；复原
get tgether 聚会；收集
get up 起床；组织，筹划
根据语境语义用恰当的介词或副词填空
(1) Dn't get ______ the bus until it has stpped.
(2) I tried phning her ffice, but I culdn't get______.
(3) Readers can get ______ very smthly withut knwing the exact meaning f each wrd while reading newspapers.
(1) dwn (2) thrugh (3) alng
⑨While walking the dg, yu were careless and it gt lse and was hit by a car. (P1)
遛狗时，你太粗心，狗扣松了而被车撞了。
While walking the dg我们把它称之为“连接词＋非谓语动词”，根据现代语法理论，其非谓语动词的选择不受连接词的限定，而是根据主语与其关系，即主动，用v.－ing形式；被动，用v.－ed形式；如果非谓语动词后有介词能构成 “be ＋ 过去分＋介词”句式的，就用v.－ed形式。
单项填空
( )(1) I wn't g t the party unless______.
A. invited B. inviting
C. t invite D. invite
A 考查“连接词＋ 非谓语动词”的用法。invite与主语I是被动关系，用过去分词，所以答案是A。
( )(2) (2009·湖南)Every evening after dinner, if nt ______ frm wrk, I will spend sme time walking my dg.
A. being tired B. tiring
C. tired D. t be tired
C 考查“连接词＋ 非谓语动词”的用法。因非谓语动词后有介词能构成 “be ＋tired＋frm”句式，用过去分词，所以答案是C。
⑩…ne evening when it was s warm, I stayed awake n purpse until half past eleven in rder t have a gd lk at the mn by myself. (P2)
在某个温馨之夜，为了能一个人好好地看看月亮，我故意不睡直到十一点半。
in rder t 所表达的是目的状语，表示“为了……”之意。其否定式是in rder nt t d sth.，既可放在句首，又可放在句中。
In rder t catch up with his classmate as sn as pssible, he wrks even harder.
为了能尽快地赶上同学,他学习更加刻苦了。
He set ut early in the mrning in rder nt t miss the early bus.
为了不错过早班车，他一大早就动身了。
链接
(1) in rder that 与s that 引导的是目的状语从句，在现代英语中，in rder that 与s that没有太大的区别，但s that还可以引导结果状语从句。
He spke at the tp f his vice at the meeting in rder that/s that everyne present culd hear him. (目的状语从句)
他在会上声嘶力竭地喊着以便所有在场的人都能听到。
He spke at the tp f his vice at the meeting, s that everyne present heard him. (结果状语从句)
他在会上声嘶力竭地喊着结果所有在场的人都听到了。
根据括号中的汉语提示完成下列句子
(1) We must make the plluted water clean __________(为了不使河流受到污染)．
(2) We wrk hard__________(为了能通过入学考试)．
(1) in rder that it desn't make the river plluted
(2) in rder t pass the entrance exam/in rder that we can pass the entrance exam
(2) in rder that与in rder t d sth.的关系
当主从复合句中的前后主语一致时，我们才可以使用in rder t d sth.句式，如题(2)；否则必须使用主从复合句，如题(1)。
辨析
in rder t d sth./ s as t d sth. /t d sth. / s…as t
in rder t d sth. 既可位于句首，也可位于句中；
s as t d sth.不能放在句首；
t d sth.不用于否定概念。
In rder t / T keep up with his classmates, he studies hard.
He studies hard in rder nt t / s as nt t fall behind.
s…as t只表示结果，表示“到某种程度以至于……”，否定形式为s…as nt t。s后面接形容词或副词。
运用以上短语完成下面的情景
After a day's hardwrking, we went t bed early. We were (1) __________ tired (2) __________ fall asleep as sn as ur heads tuch the pillws. (3) __________ finish the cnstructin in time, we made up ur minds t wrk 12 hurs a day, which is (4)
__________ a tugh jb (5) __________ we felt it hard t hld n. Our bss emplyed anther 2 wrkers yesterday, (6) __________ we culd have a better rest.
(1)s (2) as t (3) In rder t
(4) such (5) that (6) s that
你知道当in rder t d sth./ s as t d sth. /t d sth.结构同时出现在选项中，选哪个最保险吗？在书面表达中，表示目的我们用哪个最不出错误呢？
________________________________________________________________________
in rder t d sth.是表示目的的万能句式，它既能放到句首，又能放在句尾，还能构成否定式，所以使用它是最没问题的。
⑪I didn't g dwnstairs until the windw had t be shut. (P2)
我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。
(1) until既是介词又是连接词
I'll wait fr him until midnight. (介词)
I'll wait fr him until he cmes back. (连接词)
(2)主句是否定句的运用(注意句意变化)
We discussed it until the manager came.
我们一直讨论到经理来。
We didn't discuss it until the manager came.
直到经理来我们才讨论。
We didn't stp wrking until the manager came.
直到经理来我们才停止工作。
当until意为“直到……才”时，主句就要用否定句，而不是依据主句的动词是否是延续性动词。当主句是延续性动词时，主句用肯定句，其意思是：主句的动作一直延续到从句动词所发生的动作为止；而使用否定句时，则表示从句的动作发生时，主句的动作才开始发生。
(3)until后的时态问题
由于until引导的是时间状语从句，所以它的一般将来时用一般现在时代替；过去将来时用一般过去时代替；将来完成时用现在完成时代替。
He had left his key in the ffice. He had t wait until his wife came.
Dn't get ff the bus until it has stpped.
(4) 这一句式的倒装问题
Nt until he came back frm Africa that year did he meet the girl he wuld like t marry.
It was nt until he came back frm Africa that year that he met the girl he wuld like t marry.
当nt until在句首时，其主句应当使用倒装句；而强调句则不倒装。
⑫…it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face t face… (P2)
……这是我一年半来第一次目睹夜晚……
It/This is/was the first/secnd time that＋主语＋完成时，表示“某人第一/第二次做某事”。
其完成时的选择依据主句的be动词是was，从句的谓语用过去完成时had dne；主句的be动词是is，从句的谓语用现在完成时have dne；主句的be动词是will be，从句的谓语用将来完成时will have dne。
— Can yu tell me the way t the statin?
— Srry, I'm a stranger here. This is the first time I have cme here.
你知道这一句型与“It's high/ abut time (that)＋ 从句”的区别吗？在下列例句中体会。
It's the first time that I have gne t the schl.
It's high time that I went t the schl.
“It's the first time that＋从句”句型中从句的时态是完成时，而“It's high/ abut time (that)＋ 从句”句型中从句的时态是一般过去时或shuld d sth. 。