牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Back to school巩固练习

素养培优练（一）

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Philip was a nine-year-old boy in a Sunday school class of 8-year-old girls and boys. Sometimes the third graders didn't welcome Philip into their group and usually tricked him. This was not because he was older, but because he was “different”. You see, Philip suffered from a condition called Downs's Syndrome. This made him “different”, with his facial characteristics,  slow responses and mental problems.

One Sunday after Easter, the Sunday school teacher gathered some plastic eggs that pulled apart in the middle. The teacher gave one to each child. On that beautiful spring day, the children were to go out and discover for themselves some symbol of “new life” and place it inside the plastic eggs.

After the children returned to the classroom, the teacher opened their eggs one by one, asking each child to explain that symbol of “new life”. The first opened the egg contained a flower. Everyone cheered. In another one was a butterfly. . . When the teacher opened the last egg, it was empty. “That's stupid,” said someone. The teacher felt a pull at his shirt. It was Philip. Looking up, Philip said, “It's mine. I did it. It's empty. I have new life, because the tomb is empty. ” Not a sound was heard in class at all. From that day on, Philip became a real part of the group. They welcomed him, and whatever made him different was never mentioned again.

Philip's family knew he wouldn't live a long life, for there were too many things wrong with him.

1. What does the underlined word “condition” in Para 1 probably mean?

A. Grade. B. Decision. C. Disease. D. Health.

2. What did the teacher let each child do after giving them one plastic egg?

A. Put some symbol of “new life” into it. B. Play around on that beautiful spring day.

C. Try to pull it apart in the middle. D. Go out and discover themselves.

3. What happened after Philip explained his new life?

A. The class thought he was clever. B. He began to study in the class.

C. The class fell silent. D. He felt dying.

4. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The teacher used to have classes outdoors.

B. Philip's new life wish was empty.

C. Philip was healthy as a whole.

D. Philip was accepted by his classmates in the end.

B

[2023·江苏南通期末统考]

How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra（代数） or enjoy working out number puzzles. Maths is all around us, from working out how to share the bill after a meal, to calculating your family bills. But many are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem frightening,  but this maths anxiety is perfectly normal, and you're definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don't necessarily reflect our ability.

The problem really starts in childhood, at school. Research has found that maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils, and girls may be more likely to be affected. The Programme for International Student Assessment found around 31% of 15- and 16-year-olds across 34 countries said they got very nervous doing maths problems, 33% said they got tense doing maths homework, and nearly 60% said they worried that maths classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, a professor from Boston University, believes that giving students, particularly girls, good role models is critical, especially at a young age. She thinks the key is to get people, especially women who love maths, to teach younger children.

Writing for the BBC, David Robson says, “It's not clear why maths causes so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there's no room for playing tricks might make you more worried about underperforming. ” And once we assume that we're not a maths person, we avoid solving things that we probably could do.

Psychologists have been trying to work out why mental arithmetic（心算） can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that voicing your fears can loosen their control over you. They also suggest encouraging children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. Most importantly, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance.

5. What is the author's understanding of maths anxiety in Paragraph 1?

A. It happens when you have to pay bills after a meal.

B. It actually reflects one's poor performance in maths.

C. Only students often suffer from this sense of worry.

D. People normally have it when dealing with numbers.

6. What may cause students' maths anxiety according to the research?

A. The particular feature of maths. B. The fear of failure in maths tests.

C. Students' dislike of learning maths. D. Maths teachers' lack of confidence.

7. What can we infer from David Robson's words?

A. Geography seldom causes worry. B. Slow students have maths anxiety.

C. Dishonesty is difficult in maths tests. D. Maths students like number puzzles.

8. What is the best way to get over maths anxiety?

A. Speaking out your fears in public. B. Employing female maths teachers.

C. Having a positive attitude to maths. D. Viewing maths tests as a challenge.

Ⅱ. 七选五

[2023·河北张家口期末统考]With the sudden change to online learning especially within the last couple of years, there have been quite a few problems for students and teachers as well.

    1     When students are learning from the comfort of their own bedrooms, it can be difficult to feel productive. After 5 minutes of studying, the students may find themselves picking up the phone to look through social media platforms.     2   

Teachers constantly find students lack（缺乏） the drive to learn something new. When students find no motivation to learn, study, or focus during the lesson, it can be discouraging for teachers as well.

In a traditional classroom, sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks between the lessons.     3     Usually, teachers also arrange pair-based activities that let students work together towards a common goal. This social method is quite important for lifting class morale（士气） and building companionship. The problem with online learning is that teachers generally pay little attention to this factor as they concentrate on delivering the class content only.

The poor Internet connection is another challenge faced by students in online learning.     4     This can be annoying for students. They are sometimes forced out of Zoom room because the Internet service is not working well.

Besides technical problems in online learning, teachers sometimes struggle with the class discipline（纪律） in a virtual environment.     5     Teachers may feel discouraged when they realize they are explaining something but the students are not following.

So, all the possible solutions should be found to get the best results for the students.

A. It's difficult for them to keep up with the teacher.

B. Students are generally beyond their teachers' control.

C. One problem that stands out is poor time management.

D. This often encourages students to communicate with one another.

E. Getting used to an online learning environment can be a bit difficult.

F. At the end of the day, they realize that they haven't studied properly.

G. That's why we'll discuss the most common problems of online learning.

Ⅲ. 完形填空

One day, a professor entered his classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They all waited     1     at their desks for the exam to begin. The professor     2     the exam papers with the text facing down as usual. Once he handed them all out, he asked the students to     3     the papers.

To everyone's surprise, there were     4     questions—just a black dot in the center of the paper.

The professor, seeing the expressions on everyone's faces, told them the following， “I want you to write about what you see there. ” The students,     5    ,  got started on the very task.

At the end of the class, the professor took all the exams, reading each one of them loud in front of all the students.

All of them, without     6    , described the black dot（小圆点）, trying to explain its position in the center of the sheet. After all had been read, the classroom     7    , the professor started to explain， “I'm not going to grade you on this; I just want to give you something to think about. No one wrote about the     8     part of the paper. ”

“Everyone focused on the black dot—and the     9     thing happens in our lives.     10    , we insist on focusing only on the black dot—the health issues that trouble us, the lack of     11    , the complicated（复杂的） friendship with a family member, the disappointment with a friend. The dark spots are very     12     when compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that     13     our minds.     14     your eyes away from the black dots in your lives. Enjoy each one of your blessings, each moment that life gives you. Be     15     and live a life filled with love!”

1.

A. happily B. guiltily C. anxiously D. lazily

2.

A. handed out B. carried out C. left out D. put out

3.

A. burn down B. turn over C. turn out D. turn to

4.

A. some B. any C. many D. no

5.

A. sad B. confused C. angry D. fun

6.

A. expectation B. surprise C. exception D. doubt

7.

A. bright B. noisy C. crowded D. silent

8.

A. black B. central C. white D. most

9.

A. different B. same C. unique D. easy

10.

A. However B. Therefore C. Thus D. Moreover

11.

A. problem B. money C. food D. skill

12.

A. great B. tiny C. big D. important

13.

A. pollute B. create C. relax D. help

14.

A. Drive B. Put C. Take D. Bring

15.

A. healthy B. generous C. lovely D. happy

素养培优练（一）

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

1. C

[解析]词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知，Downs's Syndrome是一种使他面部出现特殊的特征、反应迟钝和精神问题的疾病。由此可推断，condition与disease意思相近。

2. A

[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，老师给每个孩子一个塑料蛋，孩子们往蛋里边加入一些“新生命”的象征。

3. C

[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句“Not a sound was heard in class at all. ”可知，菲利普的一席话之后，全班鸦雀无声。

4. D

[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，从那天起，菲利普成为这个团体真正的一部分。他们欢迎他，他与众不同的地方再也没有被提起过。因此，菲利普最后被同学们接纳为团体中的一员。故选D项。

【语篇导读】本文主要记述了周日学校的老师通过一次活动，使患有唐氏综合征的菲利普被他的同学们接受的故事。

5. D

[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段第四、五句可知，许多人害怕面对数字，感到真正的担忧和困惑。数学焦虑看起来很可怕，但其实是非常常见的现象，绝对不止你一个人有类似的情况。因此，数学焦虑是很常见的，人们在和数字打交道时通常会有这种感觉。

6. D

[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这项研究发现，老师教数学时感到焦虑，即缺乏教数学的自信，就会让学生也对学数学产生焦虑。

7. C

[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，没有机会让你耍花招会让你更加担心考试考得不如意。由此可推断，学生在数学考试时比较难作弊。

8. C

[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最重要的是，我们需要积极看待数学，再给数学一次机会。因此，克服数学焦虑最重要的是对数学的态度要积极向上。

【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍产生数学焦虑的原因以及如何克服数学焦虑。

Ⅱ. 七选五

1. C

[解析]下文提到学生们在自己的卧室学习时，效率不高，时间分配不合理。空处为本段的主旨大意句，应该与时间有关，故C项“一个突出的问题是时间管理不善”符合语境。

2. F

[解析]空前讲了学生们在自己的卧室学习时，效率不高，时间分配不合理，空处说明这样会带来的后果。F项“一天下来，他们意识到自己没有好好学习”符合语境。

3. D

[解析]根据第四段第一句可知，在传统的课堂上，有时老师会在课间休息10分钟。空处承接前文说明这样做的好处：会让学生们在休息时间互相交流。D项中This指代前文中“sometimes teachers would allow 10-minute breaks between the lessons”这件事情。

4. A

[解析]本段主要介绍互联网信号差会影响学生的在线学习。空处进一步说明糟糕的互联网连接给学生的线上学习所带来的不好影响。A项“他们很难跟上老师的步伐”符合语境。

5. B

[解析]上文提到了class discipline，空处承接上文说明在线学习出现纪律失控的原因，那就是学生们不受老师的控制。

【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了学生们在网课学习期间常见的一些问题。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

1. C

[解析]根据上文中的“and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test”可知，这次考试是一次突击考试，学生们应该没有做好准备，所以心情是焦虑的。

2. A

[解析]根据后面一句中的“Once he handed them all out”可知，教授像往常一样把试卷正面朝下发下去。

3. B

[解析]他把试卷发完后，就让学生们把试卷翻过来。根据前面一句中的“with the text facing down”可知，教授发的试卷正面是朝下的，所以让学生们把试卷翻过来。

4. D

[解析]根据本句中的“just a black dot in the center of the paper”可知，让所有人惊讶的是，没有问题，只有一个黑点在试卷中间。

5. B

[解析]根据上文中的“To everyone's surprise”可知，学生们看到这张和平时完全不同的试卷时是很惊讶的，所以在开始解答试卷时也是很困惑的。

6. C

[解析]根据句中“All of them”可知，他们所有人无一例外地描述了那个黑点，试图解释它在卷子中央的位置。

7. D

[解析]根据上文中的“All of them, without 6, described the black dot”可知，所有学生都给出了同样的答题方式，此时他们不确定这种方式是对还是错，都在等着教授的点评，所以应该没有人说话，非常安静。

8. C

[解析]根据上文中的“All of them, without 6, described the black dot”可知，所有学生都在写关于小黑点的内容，没有人去描写关于黑点之外白色的那部分。

9. B

[解析]根据上文可知，所有学生都在写关于小黑点的内容，没有人去描写关于黑点之外白色的那部分。由此可推断，每个人都关注着那个黑点——同样的事情也会发生在我们的生活中。

10. A

[解析]根据上文“Everyone focused on the black dot—and the 9 thing happens in our lives. ”可知，人们都在关注小黑点（即生活中不好的事情），然而人们依旧这么做。此处表示转折关系。

11. B

[解析]根据语境和常识可知，然而，我们坚持只关注小黑点——困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与家庭成员的复杂友谊和对朋友的失望。

12. B

[解析]根据上文中的“a black dot in the center of the paper”可知，生活中的这些暗点就像试卷中间的这个小黑点一样，与整张试卷相比是极小的，所以它们与我们生活中所拥有的东西相比也是微不足道的。

13. A

[解析]根据转折连词but可知，与我们生活中所拥有的一切相比，这些暗点是微不足道的，但是它们却是那些污染我们思想的东西。

14. C

[解析]根据上文中的“but they are the ones that 13 our minds”可知，教授认为这些黑点对我们的思想有害处，所以让人们把目光从这些黑点上移开。

15. D

[解析]根据上文“Enjoy each one of your blessings, each moment that life gives you. ”以及本句中的“live a life filled with love”可知，教授希望大家能够享受生活中所拥有的美好的东西，让大家快乐生活。

【语篇导读】一名教授为学生准备了一次特别的考试，借助这次考试，他教育学生不要总是关注生活中负面的东西，要多看看自己所拥有的美好生活，珍惜并享受生活带来的幸福。