高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions当堂达标检测题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions当堂达标检测题，共13页。

1. The shp charges(收费) less if the custmers pay in cash.
2. Althugh he was pr, he was quite generus(慷慨的) t his needy friends.
3. Yu can learn Standard Chinese, smething abut Chinese culture and lcal custms(习俗) as well.
4. Peple shuld decrease the amunt(数量)f fat they eat.
5. In rder t ensure(保证) success we must have a cmplete and thrugh plan.
6. We walk in the wds and fields that are typical features f the English landscape(风景).
7. The shw will be held in the art gallery(展览馆) next week.
8. I want t apply fr the psitin(职位) f yur cmpany.
9. Oil prices have apprached (接近) their highest level fr almst ten years.
10. Mix the eggs, flur and hney (蜂蜜) tgether.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
1. Nt being a rich man himself, he helped the pr generusly(generus).
2. As is knwn, regular exercise, such as jgging, is an imprtant apprach t keeping fit.
3. A large amunt f time has been wasted(waste) n this prject up t nw.
4. We must d everything in ur pwer t ensure(ensure) the success f the cnference.
5. May I have yur attentin please? I have an annuncement(annunce) t make.
6. The prject is in the charge f an experienced wrker.
7. As a result, lcal hspitals were crwded (crwd)with peple wh had prblems with their nses and lungs.
8. We usually greet each ther with head ndding, smiles, hand shaking and s n.
9. I am very interested in the camp and eager t take(take) part in it.
10. The use f the language is striking(strike), which als makes the film a success.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I think it is necessary that yu imprve yur Chinese s that yu can cmmunicate with the lcals.
我认为你有必要提高你的中文水平, 以便于你能与当地人交流。
2. Peple use plastics in their daily life, leaving large amunts f waste.
人们在日常生活中使用塑料, 留下大量的废弃物。
3. I hpe I can be in charge f the rganizatin task in yur club.
我希望可以负责你们俱乐部的组织工作。
4. In additin, yu are likely t make friends with excellent Chinese ping-png players.
此外, 你可能结交一些出色的中国乒乓球选手。
5. With the Chinese New Year appraching/As the Chinese New Year appraches, an exhibitin n Chinese paper-cutting will be held in ur city library.
随着中国新年的临近, 一场关于中国剪纸的展览将在我们市图书馆举办。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·郑州高一检测)
Ireland is thrwing away peat(泥炭) fr energy and turning t wind.
Peat has a lt t recmmend it. It sends ff a pleasant smell when burned. It is a cheap surce f energy; at its simplest it needs n mre than digging by hand. But peat is als ne f the dirtiest fuels available, emitting 23% mre carbn dixide than cal.
Ireland is unusual amng develped cuntries in burning it fr energy. Peat has been used n the island fr at least 1, 000 years. But it may at last be n its way ut as Ireland turns t anther energy surce f which it has unlimited quantities: wind.
Galway Wind Park will be Ireland ’s largest wind farm when it is cmpleted, prducing 169MW f pwer at peak capacity(容量), r abut 3% f Ireland ’s average needs. It is nly the latest develpment in Irish wind pwer, which has tripled in the last decade t mre than 3GW f capacity. The renewable resurce nw prvides a quarter f the electricity Ireland cnsumes every year.
Eirgrid, a state-wned cmpany which manages the grid(电网) in bth Nrthern Ireland and the Republic, says much mre wind capacity is in the planning stages. Wind is difficult t manage because it is unpredictable, even n the shres with strng winds f western Ireland. Since wind turbines (涡轮机)d nt turn cnsistently, the grid must be carefully tuned t keep it stable.
Eirgrid is planning a set f wires t cntinental Eurpe.
A reprt frm SEAI, Ireland ’s energy authrity, suggests that the island culd prduce enugh wind electricity t match dmestic demand by 2030, with mre left ver t exprt. Brd na Móna, the bdy respnsible fr develping Ireland ’s peatlands, has said it will stp using peat fr electricity by the same year.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要讲述了爱尔兰正从使用泥炭发电转向使用风能发电这一事实。
1. Which f the fllwing statements abut peat is right?
A. Peat is a cheap and clean surce f energy with a pleasant smell.
B. Peat in Ireland will be an exprt.
C. Ireland will stp using peat as fuel.
D. Peat is renewable and will never be used up.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, 它可能最终会被淘汰, 因为爱尔兰转向使用另一种取之不尽的能源: 风能。故选C。
2. What is the greatest difficulty in using wind energy?
A. The wind pwer is nt strng enugh.
B. It is a high-cst prject.
C. The wind pwer is unstable.
D. It wn ’t prduce enugh electricity.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段倒数第二句可知, 因为风能的不可预测性, 风能是很难掌控的。由此推之, 使用风能最大的困难是风能的不稳定性。故选C。
3. What can be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Change f Using Energy in Ireland
B. Stp Using Out-Of-Date Energy
C. Peat vs Wind Pwer
D. Ireland: A Cuntry Using Wind Pwer
【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据全文及第一段可推知, 本文主要讲述了爱尔兰正从使用泥炭发电转向使用风能发电这一事实。因此A项“爱尔兰能源使用的变化”作为文章标题最合适。故选A。
B
(2021·枣庄高一检测)
Lndners are great readers. They buy large numbers f newspapers, magazines and bks—especially paperbacks, which are still cheap in spite f ever-increasing rises in the csts f printing. They still cntinue t buy “prper” bks, t, printed n gd paper.
There are many streets in Lndn cntaining bkshps. Perhaps the best knwn f these is Charing Crss Rad in the very heart f Lndn. Here bkshps f all srts and sizes are t be fund, frm the famus ne which is said t be “the biggest bkshp in the wrld” t the dusty little places which seem t have been left ver frm Dickens ’ time. Sme f these shps stck r will make effrts t get any kind f bks, but many f them specialize in secnd-hand bks, in art bks, in freign bks, in bks n ecnmics, plitics r any ther subjects abut which bks may be written. One shp in this area specializes nly in bks abut ballet.
Althugh it may be the mst cnvenient place fr Lndners t buy bks, Charing Crss Rad is nt the cheapest. Fr really cheap secnd-hand bks, cllectrs must g t Farringdn Rad, in the East Central district f Lndn. Here there is nthing s impressive as bkshps. The bksellers cme alng each mrning and put lts f bks nt small hand-carts (手推车) which line the streets. The cllectrs, sme prfessinals and sme amateurs (业余爱好者), wh have been waiting fr them, run quickly twards the bks. In places like this ne can still, smetimes, pick up fr a few pence an ld bk that may be wrth many punds.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦人很喜欢阅读, 所以伦敦的许多街道上都有书店。文章主要介绍了可以找到大大小小各种书店的查令十字路, 以及可以买到真正便宜二手书的法灵顿路。
4. What des the underlined sentence “Lndners are great readers. ” mean?
A. Lndners are great because they read many bks.
B. Only great readers live in Lndn.
C. Lndners are readers wh read nly great bk.
D. Lndners read a lt.
【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据第一段可知他们购买大量的报纸、杂志和书籍——尤其是平装书, 尽管印刷成本不断上涨, 但平装书仍然很便宜。他们仍然继续购买用优质纸张印刷的“合适的”书籍。由此可知, “Lndners are great readers. ”的意思是“伦敦人阅读很多书”。故选D。
5. Accrding t this passage, Charing Crss Rad________.
A. is in the suburbs f Lndn
B. is famus fr its bkshps
C. cntains nly big shps
D. is the cheapest place fr Lndners t buy bks
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段可知伦敦有许多街道上都有书店。其中最著名的也许就是位于伦敦中心的查令十字路了。由此可知, 查令十字路以它的书店而闻名。故选B。
6. What d yu knw abut Farringdn Rad?
A. It is the mst cnvenient place fr Lndners t buy bks.
B. Cheap secnd-hand bks can be fund there.
C. It is in the West Central district f Lndn.
D. Few peple like t buy bks there.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知要想买到真正便宜的二手书, 收藏者必须去法灵顿路。由此可知, 在法灵顿路可以找到便宜的二手书。故选B。
7. Which is the best title fr this passage?
A. Bkshps in Lndn
B. The biggest bkshp in the wrld
C. Charing Crss Rad
D. Lndners are great readers
【解析】选A。标题归纳题。文章介绍了可以找到大大小小各种书店的查令十字路, 以及可以买到真正便宜二手书的法灵顿路。由此可知, A选项“伦敦的书店”最符合文章标题。故选A。
【阅读多维训练】
Here bkshps f all srts and sizes are t be fund,
主句
frm the famus ne which is said t be “the biggest
定语从句
bkshp in the wrld” t the dusty little places which
seem t have been left ver frm Dickens ’ time.
定语从句
译文: 在这里可以找到大大小小各种的书店, 从据说是“世界上最大的书店”的著名书店, 到似乎是狄更斯时代遗留下来的布满灰尘的小书店。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2021·鹤岗高一检测)
I was frustrated at nt being entered int the natinal IT cmpetitin I ’d applied fr. I sat in the car, lst in 1 , chewing n my lip and staring utside.
I went upstairs, 2 and desperate. Grandpa ’s dr was pen fr me as usual. There, he was waiting fr my 3 with great excitement. I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness. He seemed t 4 me immediately, giving me a hug. I was astnished that such a 5 bdy was full f s much energy.
Only then did my emtins start 6 ut. I tld him that all my 7 were fr nthing, and that I was feeling discuraged. Grandpa smiled at me gently and said, “Dn ’t wrry. Yu ’re far strnger than yu think. ” Then he 8 , “Life can be full f ups and dwns s what we need d is t still have ur hpes and 9 , neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy t give up. ”
He 10 me n the shulder, with a determined lk, befre saying, “ Cheer up. I firmly 11 that yu have the ability t succeed. ” Grandpa ’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear.
The next day, I thught abut all my prblems and 12 a plan. Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure, I ’ll 13 reach my gals.
Lking back, I realize that we shuld share ur setbacks and prgress in life with ur 14 nes. As my grandpa shwed, the 15 f ur family members will benefit us frever.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为没有参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。爷爷鼓励作者, 以积极的态度对待失败, 最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步, 这会受益终生。
1. A. jy B. despair C. lve D. need
【解析】选B。根据上文“I was frustrated at nt being entered int the natinal IT cmpetitin I ’d applied fr. ”可知, 作者因为没有成功参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。故选B。
2. A. weakB. strng
C. sweetD. simple
【解析】选A。句意: 我虚弱而绝望地上楼。结合上文内容可知, 作者因为没能参加比赛心情沮丧, 所以是虚弱而绝望地上楼。故选A。
3. A. suggestinB. cmment
C. discveryD. arrival
【解析】选D。句意: 爷爷在那里, 非常激动地等待着我的到来。结合常识可知, 此处是指爷爷等着作者回来, 告诉他事情的结果。故选D。
4. A. ignreB. inspect
C. readD. rder
【解析】选C。句意: 他似乎马上就看穿了我, 给了我一个拥抱。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness. ”可知, 此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选C。
5. A. fineB. fitC. thinD. healthy
【解析】选C。句意: 我很震惊, 这样瘦的身体却充满了如此多的能量。结合常识可知, 爷爷年龄大了, 所以身体比较瘦。故选C。
6. A. dyingB. turning
C. checkingD. puring
【解析】选D。句意: 直到那时我的情绪才开始流露出来。根据上文“I std silently, frcing a smile t cver my sadness. ”可知, 作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪, 直到爷爷拥抱他时, 他才把情感流露出来。故选D。
7. A. ffersB. effrts
C. prmisesD. prfits
【解析】选B。句意: 我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了, 因此我感到灰心丧气。根据下文“I was feeling discuraged”可知, 此处是指作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选B。
8. A. addedB. shared
C. helpedD. served
【解析】选A。句意: 然后他补充说到, “生活充满了起起落落, 我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望, 忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。” 结合语境可知此处为爷爷补充说(added)。故选A。
9. A. decisinsB. respects
C. desiresD. pains
【解析】选C。根据“hpes and”可知, 此处用“渴望”符合语境, 指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选C。
10. A. pattedB. hit
C. beggedD. picked
【解析】选A。句意: 他拍了拍我的肩膀, 带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有成功的能力。”根据下文“Cheer up. I firmly________that yu have the ability t succeed. ”可知, 爷爷在安慰作者, 用“拍肩膀”符合语境。故选A。
11. A. permitB. believe
C. expectD. change
【解析】选B。根据下文“Grandpa ’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear. ”可知, 爷爷的话给了作者鼓励, 由此可知, 爷爷说自己坚信作者有成功的能力。故选B。
12. A. turned intB. came acrss
C. cared abutD. wrked ut
【解析】选D。句意: 第二天, 我思考了所有的问题并制订了一个计划。turned int使变成; came acrss偶遇; cared abut关心; wrked ut制订出, 锻炼。根据“plan”可知, 是制订计划。故选D。
13. A. merelyB. actually
C. eventuallyD. instantly
【解析】选C。根据上文“Nw, I believe that with a psitive attitude twards failure”可知, 此处是指只要用积极的态度面对失败, 最后是能实现自己的目标的。故选C。
14. A. deservedB. belved
C. determinedD. excited
【解析】选B。deserved值得的; belved心爱的; determined坚决的; excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知, 此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选B。
15. A. cmpanyB. gratitude
C. supprtD. defence
【解析】选C。句意: 正如爷爷所说, 家人的支持将永远造福我们。根据上文“‘Cheer up. I firmly________that yu have the ability t succeed. ’ Grandpa ’s encuragement sn made my sadness disappear. ”可知, 爷爷对作者非常支持, 由此可知, 此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选C。
Ⅲ. 阅读填句
(2021·滁州高一检测)
Have yu ever wndered abut changing yur life fr the better? Actually, it csts almst next t nthing. 1 Here are sme f the tested tips fr yu t have a healthier, mre active and happier life.
Get enugh sleep. 2 Getting enugh sleep will help yu feel mre relaxed and cnfident t face the difficulties in the day. T help yu get a gd sleep, d nt get excited right befre bedtime. Turn ff yur TV r smartphne. Keep yur rm dark and quiet. All these measures will help yu get the best sleep.
D mre exercise. Physical activity is an imprtant part f a healthier lifestyle. Hwever, if yu d nt enjy the type f exercise yu chse, it will wrk against yur gal f living a healthier life. 3 Enjyable physical activity will nt nly help yu keep yur bdy strng, but will als affect yur feeling psitively all day lng.
4 One key t imprving yur health and maintaining it is regular health care visits. They will help yu t keep yur bdy in better shape and help yu imprve the exercise effects.
Start a jurnal. Keeping a jurnal is a great way t change yur life fr better. It really helps even if yu just keep a fd jurnal. Or yu can put dwn yur true feelings, map ut yur gals and track the results. 5
A. Pay attentin t yur diet.
B. Visit health care prfessinals regularly.
C. S find a daily exercise that yu truly enjy.
D. Yu can als sleep as much as yu like at weekends.
E. It ’s usually recmmended t get 7 t 9 hurs f sleep each night.
F. What yu need t d is t make sme small changes in yur daily life.
G. Yur diary will help yu t meet thse gals and increase the sense f happiness.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。让自己的生活变得更好实际上不需要花什么钱, 文章主要提出了一些有助于让生活变得更好的建议。
1. 【解析】选F。上文提到让生活变得更好不需要花什么钱, 后文则提到了一些建议, 故本句属于过渡句, 旨在说明让生活变好需要做什么。F选项“你需要做的是在你的日常生活中做一些小的改变”符合语境, 故选F。
2. 【解析】选E。本段的建议是获得充足的睡眠, 后文则说明了睡眠充足的好处, E选项中get 7 t 9 hurs f sleep对应后文中Getting enugh sleep。E选项“通常建议每晚睡7到9个小时”符合语境, 故选E。
3. 【解析】选C。本段主要是关于锻炼的建议, 上文提到如果不喜欢你选择的运动类型, 它将与你过更健康生活的目标背道而驰, 故本句与上文构成因果关系, 说明要选择自己真正喜欢的锻炼。C选项“所以, 找一种你真正喜欢的日常锻炼”符合语境, 故选C。
4. 【解析】选B。后文提到要定期健康检查, 可知本段主要是关于定期健康检查的建议, B选项中regularly对应后文中regular。B选项“定期访问保健专业人员”符合语境, 故选B。
5. 【解析】选G。本段提出的建议是写日记, 本句为本段最后一句, 应当承接上文, 说明记日记的好处。G选项中diary对应上文中jurnal。G选项“你的日记将帮助你实现那些目标, 增加幸福感”符合语境, 故选G。
Ⅳ. 应用文写作
(2021·唐山高一检测)
假如你是李华, 前几天你和父母一起去北京旅游了。请你给你的美国朋友马克写一封信介绍一下这次旅游。要点提示如下:
1. 参观了许多景点, 如故宫、长城、鸟巢、水立方等;
2. 简要介绍其中两处景点。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 故宫: the Palace Museum 鸟巢: the Bird ’s Nest水立方: the Water Cube
Dear Mark,
Hw is everything ging?__________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mark,
Hw is everything ging? I will tell yu smething abut the trip t Beijing I went n with my parents recently. It was great! We visited many famus turist spts, such as the Palace Museum, the Great Wall, the Bird ’s Nest, the Water Cube, and s n.
What attracted me mst were the Palace Museum and the Great Wall. The Palace Museum is als called the Frbidden City, with many treasures in the palace that stand fr great Chinese culture. As a famus wnder f the wrld, the Great Wall is made f millins f bricks, each f which is very big and heavy. It still remains a mystery hw the ancient peple built it.
I really enjy the trip t Beijing. I d hpe yu can cme t China and see sme f them ne day.
Yurs,
Li Hua
语法填空
An “entrepreneurial(具有创业素质的)” seven-year-ld wrte t Ggle fr a jb and its CEO replied. After discussing her father ’s wrk, Chle Bridgewater 1.________ (decide)she wuld like t wrk fr Ggle and penned a letter beginning with “Dear Ggle bss”. 2.________ (fllw)her first letter t Father Christmas, it was nly the schlgirl ’s secnd letter, but 3.________search engine ’s CEO Sundar Pichai wrte back.
“We were 4.________ (extreme)surprised, but I dn ’t think Chle culd understand the greatness f the 5.________ (react)she ’d gt afterwards, ” said Father Andy. “She ’s gt a great entrepreneurial spirit. Ever since nursery educatin, she 6.________ (tell)in schl reprts at all times that she is bright, hard-wrking and plite—we ’re very prud f her. ”
Here is 7.________ Mr Pichai referred t in his reply.
“Thank yu s much fr yur letter. I ’m glad that yu like cmputers and rbts, and hpe that yu will manage 8.________ (cntinue)learning abut technlgy. ”
“I think if yu keep wrking hard and fllwing yur dreams, yu can accmplish everything yu set yur mind 9.________ —frm wrking at Ggle t swimming at the Olympics. ”
“I lk frward t receiving yur jb applicatin when yu are 10.________ (finish)with schl! All the best t yu and yur family. ”
【文章大意】本文为记叙文, 讲述的是一个具有创业素质的七岁女孩向谷歌公司递交了求职信, 并收到了谷歌首席执行官的回复。
1. 【解析】decided。考查时态。根据语境及本段的基本时态为一般过去时可知, 此处描述的是发生在过去的事情, 应用一般过去时。
2. 【解析】Fllwing。考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词在句中作状语, fllw与其逻辑主语it之间是主谓关系, 故用其现在分词形式。
3. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 这只是这位女学生继第一封写给圣诞老人的信之后写出的第二封信, 但(Ggle)这一搜索引擎的CEO Sundar Pichai给她回信了。此处search engine指的是Ggle, 表示特指, 故要用定冠词the。
4. 【解析】extremely。考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词, 故填extremely“非常, 极其”。
5. 【解析】reactin。考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知, 此处应填名词。reactin“回应, 反应”。
6. 【解析】has been tld/has been being tld。考查时态和语态。根据语境及时间状语“Ever since nursery educatin”可知此处可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响, 也可用现在完成进行时表示动作由过去的某个时间开始持续到现在并有可能继续下去; she和tell之间是动宾关系, 应用被动语态。故填has been tld/has been being tld。
7. 【解析】what。考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句, 且在从句中作介词宾语, 故用what。
8. 【解析】t cntinue。考查非谓语动词。manage t d sth. “设法做成某事”为固定用法。
9. 【解析】t/n。考查介词。句意: 我认为如果你继续努力并追随你的梦想的话, 你可以完成你下定决心做的所有事情。set ne ’s mind t/n sth. 是固定搭配, 意为“集中精力/下定决心做某事”。
10. 【解析】finished。考查形容词。句意: 当你完成学业时, 我期望收到你的求职申请。be finished with为固定搭配, 意为“完成”; finished在此处为形容词, 意为“完成的”。