人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions一课一练

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions一课一练，共13页。

2. T ensure (保证) that I can cncentrate n my study, my father des whatever he can d fr me.
3. As t yur advertised psitin (职位) , it ’s my pleasure t say that I am the just persn yu are searching fr.
4. The twn walls were built as a defence(防御) against the enemy.
5. They ften stay up late int the night, eating snacks(零食), which is bad fr their health.
6. Our schl is in a central lcatin(位置) within easy reach f the bus statin.
7. When the waste is thrwn int rivers and ceans(海洋), pllutin happens.
8. We can acquire wisdm frm ur ancestrs(祖先), which we can apply t ur daily life.
9. He nce wrked as a chief(主要的) editr in a newspaper ffice.
10. I want t speak t each member f the grup individually(单独地).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the cllege entrance examinatin appraching (apprach), sme students are getting mre and mre nervus.
2. Mike is eager t stay(stay) away frm the busy city life fr a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers f ther subjects is/was (be)patient with us.
4. I wnder hw much yu will charge me fr the six-week curse.
5. Surrunded(surrund) by high walls and wide mats, the Frbidden City cvers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning f English, I still feel puzzled(puzzle) in sme aspects.
7. It is annunced(annunce) that nly when the fire was under cntrl wuld the residents be permitted t return t their hmes.
8. Seeing the lines f trees, we all had a sense f achievement(achieve).
9. There are(be) large amunts f hmewrk and a great many examinatins fr us students every day.
10. I have enugh evidence that hard wrk pays ff.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. While yu are checking the animals, keep yur eyes pen fr any signs f disease.
当你检查这些动物的时候, 要留意任何疾病的迹象。
2. The dctr in charge tld me that my father was recvering frm his illness day by day.
负责的医生告诉我, 我爸爸正一天天地恢复。
3. Only then did I realize that it was flish f me t break away frm all f my friends.
只有那个时候我才意识到脱离我的朋友是多么的愚蠢。
4. China is rich in culture as well as natural resurces.
中国有丰富的文化和自然资源。
5. The island belngs t that cuntry, which is jined t the mainland by a bridge.
这座岛属于那个国家, 它通过一座桥与大陆连接在一起。
6. It is imprtant that yu shuld d sme sprts every day.
你应该每天做些运动, 这很重要。
7. I wuld like t have my rm cleaned at the weekend.
我想在周末(找人)打扫一下房间。
Ⅳ. 用过去分词完成下列句子
1. The muntain village surrunded(surrund)by beautiful natural landscape lks amazing.
2. The scientist attended the meeting held(hld) in the Great Hall f the Peple.
3. Tsinghua University, funded(fund) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.
4. With all the tasks finished(finish) ahead f time, he decided t set ut n his travel.
5. Michael put up a picture f Ya Ming beside the bed t keep himself reminded(remind ) f his wn dreams.
6. Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hur befre her plane left.
7. S far, abut 40 huses have fallen dwn under the weight f the snw, with 22 peple injured(injure).
8. (2021·八省联考模拟)Only yu can fully realize which aspects f a cllege will make yu truly happy and satisfied (satisfy), s keep that at the frnt f yur mind.
9. The surprised(surprise) expressin n his face suggested that he knew nthing abut the matter.
10. Yu ’d better have yur bdy examined(examine) if yu are free.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·芜湖高一检测)
Arriving at Lndn Gatwick
Distance frm Central Lndn: 28 miles/45km
Fr travel infrmatin call: +44(0)870 000 24 68
Hw t get t the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express ges frm Gatwick Airprt t Lndn Victria train and undergrund statin in Central Lndn.
Trains g every 15 minutes and the jurney t Central Lndn takes half an hur.
First Class tickets cst ￡25(single), ￡48(return).
Express Class csts ￡17(single), ￡29(return).
Suthern Trains services run fur times an hur t Victria with a jurney time f arund 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis utside the airprt day and night. The jurney t Central Lndn takes 55-70 minutes. A Lndn taxi takes up t 5 peple.
The average cst frm the airprt t Central Lndn is ￡75- ￡100.
By car
Gatwick Airprt is 28 miles(45 km) suth f Lndn. There are 4 car parks next t the airprt and there are car rental ffices pen frm 8: 00 t 18: 00. The jurney t Lndn takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special ￡8 charge t g int Central Lndn.
By bus
Natinal Express and EasyBus have services t Central Lndn. EasyBus services g every 20 minutes. The jurney takes ne hur and csts ￡2.
There is ne Natinal Express bus an hur. The jurney takes 90 minutes and csts ￡7. 60.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章为来伦敦旅游的人介绍了从Gatwick机场到伦敦市中心的几种交通方式, 介绍了每种交通方式的票价、耗费时间等信息。
1. Which f the fllwing is the slwest?
A. Taking a taxi. B. Taking a train.
C. Taking a bus. D. Driving a car.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据By bus部分中“The jurney takes 90 minutes and csts ￡7. 60. (全程90分钟, 费用为7. 60英镑)”由此可知, 坐公交车是最慢的。故选C。
2. Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Peple can take taxis at any time.
B. Peple can rent cars at any time.
C. EasyBus ges three times an hur.
D. Drivers can find places t park their cars near the airprt.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据By car部分中“there are car rental ffices pen frm 8: 00 t 18: 00. ”可知机场旁边有租车处, 营业时间为8: 00到18: 00。由此可知, B选项“人们可以随时租车”不正确。故选B。
3. If a persn has ￡25, he can buy the fllwing EXCEPT .
A. a single ticket f First Class
B. a ticket f Natinal Express
C. a ticket f EasyBus
D. a return ticket f Express Class
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据By train部分中“Express Class csts ￡17(single), ￡29(return). ”可知特快车单程票价17英镑, 往返票价29英镑。由此可知, 如果一个人有25英镑, 他买不到一张特快车的往返票。故选D。
B
I dn ’t think I can recall a time when I wasn ’t aware f the beauty f the cean. Grwing up in Australia, I had the gd frtune f having the sea at my side. The first time I went t Halfmn Bay, I suddenly had the feeling f nt being able t feel the grund with my feet anymre.
Fr my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken ut t the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁). There were fish in different clrs, caves and layers f cral (珊瑚). They made such an impressin n me. When I learned that nly 1 percent f Australia ’s Cral Sea was prtected, I was shcked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly imprtant because the reefs have mre marine species than any ther cuntry n earth. But sadly, nly 45% f the wrld ’s reefs are cnsidered healthy. If we cntinued dealing with the cean as we are ding, there wuld certainly be mre and mre marine disasters happening befre ur eyes, causing nt nly deaths f large quantities f marine life but als damage t health f the earth, ur nly hme.
The situatin f cean prtectin against disasters is serius, s it ’s imprtant fr us t d everything t prtect them. The hpe that the Cral Sea remains a cmplete ec-system (生态系统) has led me t take actin. I ’ve becme invlved with the Prtect Our Cral Sea activity, which aims t create the largest marine park in the wrld. It wuld serve as a place where the cean ’s species will all have a safe place frever.
Tgether, Angus and I created a little vide and we hpe it will inspire peple t be a part f the mvement. Angus als shares many beautiful childhd memries f the cean as a yung by, wh grew up sailing, admiring the beauty f the cean, and trying t find the secrets f cean species.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。
4. Frm the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the authr________.
A. seldm went surfing at the sea
B. frgt his experiences abut the cean
C. never went back t his hmetwn
D. had a wnderful impressin f Halfmn Bay
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句可知, 作者认为大海很美, 自己很幸运能经常看到海, 故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。故选D。
5. Accrding t the secnd paragraph, Australian marine life________.
A. is escaping frm the Cral Sea gradually
B. depends n reefs fr living greatly
C. may be faced with danger
D. is prtected better than that in ther ceans
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知, 澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C。
6. The Prtect Our Cral Sea activity is intended t________.
A. cntribute t a cmplete ec-system
B. prevent mre marine species frm being endangered
C. set up a large nature reserve fr reefs
D. raise mre teenagers ’ envirnmental awareness
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知, 这项活动的目的是创造一个为海洋生物提供永久安全的地方, 阻止更多的海洋物种灭绝。故选B。
7. Angus and the authr created a little vide t________.
A. encurage mre peple t take actin t prtect the marine species
B. inspire mre peple t explre the secret f the cean
C. share their childhd experiences abut the cean
D. bring back t peple their memry f cean species
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知, 拍摄小视频是为了鼓励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。故选A。
【阅读多维训练】
1. 句式仿写
(1)Grwing up in Australia, I had the gd frtune f having the sea at my side.
仿写: Wrking in the ffice all day, Tim wuld like t have a relaxing walk in the park after wrk.
在办公室工作了一整天, 蒂姆下班后想到公园放松地散散步。
(2)The hpe that the Cral Sea remains a cmplete ec-system has led me t take actin.
仿写: We are excited t hear the news that the scientists have made a great breakthrugh in the research.
听到科学家们在这项研究上已取得重大突破的消息, 我们都很兴奋。
(3)It wuld serve as a place where the cean ’s species will all have a safe place frever.
仿写: We want t find a place where we can read bks quietly.
我们想找一个可以安静地读书的地方。
2. 长难句分析
If we cntinued dealing with the cean as we are ding, there wuld certainly be mre and mre marine disasters happening befre ur eyes, causing nt nly deaths f large quantities f marine life but als damage t health f the earth, ur nly hme.
译文: 如果我们继续像现在这样对待海洋, 肯定会有越来越多的海洋灾难在我们眼前发生, 不仅仅导致大量的海洋生物死亡而且损害我们唯一的家园地球的健康。
分析: If we cntinued dealing with the cean as we are ding为条件状语从句, 其中 as we are ding为 we cntinued dealing with the cean的方式状语从句; 主句中的 happening befre ur eyes 为marine disasters的定语, 表示主动关系; causing nt nly deaths f large quantities f marine life but als damage t health f the earth, ur nly hme为现在分词结构作结果状语; nt nly. . . but als. . . 连接并列结构作cause 的宾语, 其中ur nly hme为 the earth的同位语。
Ⅵ. 阅读填句
Thanks t wrld-famus Clmbian writer Garcia Marquez, many peple think f Latin America as a land f magic. In his bks, impssible things happen.
1 It may cme frm the mix f different cultures and ethnicities in Latin America. Althugh sme f these differences have caused cnflicts, they have als been a surce f beauty, as well as encuraged peple in Latin America t be mre pen-minded.
Latin America includes mre than 30 cuntries and areas lcated suth f the United States in the American cntinent. Frm nrth t suth, it starts frm Mexic in Nrth America, ges thrugh the Caribbean and ends at the suthernmst tip f Suth America.
2 Peple can enjy sunshine in the Caribbean islands, ride hrses n the green grasslands f the Pampas, and explre vlcanes and snw-capped muntains in the Andes. It even has the wrld ’s biggest rainfrest—the Amazn. Many f the wrld ’s mst unique plants and animals live there.
There is als diverse mix f peple in Latin America. 3 In cuntries like Mexic and Clumbia, ver half f the ppulatin is f mixed ethnicity. Hwever, mst f them speak the same languages—Spanish r Prtuguese.
4 Latin American peple have created the samba, rumba, cha cha and tang. These dance styles require dancers t hld each ther clsely and mve passinately. 5
Latin America is an pen and rmantic place. Its impressive natural envirnment, histrical cntributins and cultural traditins have made it unique and influential.
A. It has natives, Africans and Eurpeans.
B. Latin America ’s envirnment is quite diverse.
C. Where des the magic in his bks cme frm?
D. They are cheerful and can bring strangers tgether.
E. Many peple in Latin America have pen and rmantic hearts.
F. The music and dance f Latin America are quite well-knwn.
G. T mst peple, Latin America is a land f happiness and passin.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍拉丁美洲的有关事宜, 如拉丁美洲多样化的环境、各种各样的人种、拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈等。
1. 【解析】选C。根据空后一句可知, 它可能来自拉丁美洲不同文化和种族的混合。由此可推知, 本句是在提问他书中的魔法是从哪里来的。C选项“他书中的魔法是从哪里来的? ”符合上下文语境, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。根据空后一句可知, 人们可以在加勒比群岛享受阳光, 在潘帕斯草原上骑马, 在安第斯山脉探索火山和积雪覆盖的山脉。由此可知拉丁美洲的地理环境是非常多样化的。B选项“拉丁美洲的环境非常多样化”符合上下文语境, 故选B。
3. 【解析】选A。结合上一句可知, 拉丁美洲也有各种各样的人。由此可推知, 本句应当承接上文列举拉丁美洲有哪些人种。A选项“有当地人, 非洲人和欧洲人”符合上下文语境, 故选A。
4. 【解析】选F。根据后两句可知, 拉丁美洲人创造了桑巴、伦巴、恰恰和探戈。这些舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 本句是在说明拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名。后文中dance可对应到F选项中的 dance。F选项“拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名”符合上下文语境, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选D。结合空前一句可知, 这种舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 拉丁美洲的舞蹈都非常欢快, 能将人们聚在一起, 充满激情地舞动。D选项“它们非常欢快, 能把陌生人拉到一起”符合上下文语境, 故选D。
Ⅶ. 完形填空
(2021·长春高一检测)
The future belngs t thse wh believe in the beauty f their dreams.
—Eleanr Rsevelt
My hmetwn was a place f great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as a place f war and natural disasters. When I was nly furteen years ld, I was filled with 1 in spite f the terrible surrundings. The families living here, wh tried t make their living frm the land, 2 great lsses. I felt srry especially fr the children, but I 3 t be hpeless. I decided wherever I was, I wuld d 4 t help them. I began kncking n every dr and saying t each persn wh 5 the dr, “I knw that yu are 6 and give the birds that cme t yur yard a little 7 . Please cnsider me yur bird. Give me nly a handful f rice each week when I cme t yur 8 . I will take it t the place where it can be given t the 9 children. ”
N ne seemed t 10 giving me a handful f rice, even when they had little themselves. On Sunday, I wuld 11 my handfuls f rice t the children.
One day, I came t a huse where an ld lady lived. I tld my stry and asked if I culd be her bird. The wman called her daughters, and 12 gave me fifty cents, as well as a handful f rice! I began t 13 change and rice frm ther “bird feeders”, and they gave them t me. Everyne was 14 t help thse wh were suffering, even nly in this small way. “Cnsider me yur bird. ”
My childish idea didn ’t stp the war, but anyway, it was 15 sme peace.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。作者讲述自己在家乡为饱受战争和自然灾害困扰的孩子所做的一件善举, 借此至少能在一定程度上减少战争带来的灾难, 并且创造出一种和平。
1. A. sadness B. hpe
C. cmfrtD. kindness
【解析】选B。句意: 当我只有14岁的时候, 尽管周围的环境很糟糕, 我却充满了希望。sadness难过; hpe希望; cmfrt安慰; kindness善良。由下文讲述的故事和“I felt srry especially fr the children, but I________t be hpeless”, 可知作者充满希望, 故选B。
2. A. sufferedB. survived
C. cveredD. made
【解析】选A。句意: 居住在这里的那些试图靠土地谋生的家庭遭受了惨重的损失。根据本段第一句“(我的家乡是一个非常美丽、农业发达的地方, 同时也是一个充满战争和自然灾害的地方。). ”可知这里的家庭“遭受了”战争和自然灾害造成的巨大损失, 故选A。
3. A. wanted B. failedC. refused D. stpped
【解析】选C。句意: 我特别为孩子们感到难过, 但我拒绝绝望。根据上文可知, 尽管周围的环境很糟糕, 作者却充满了希望, 因此“拒绝绝望”。故选C。
4. A. smethingB. everything
C. anythingD. nthing
【解析】选A。句意: 我决定无论我在哪里, 我都要做些事情来帮助他们。在肯定句中表示“一些事情”用smething。故选A。
5. A. lckedB. replied
C. shutD. answered
【解析】选D。根据上文的“I began kncking n every dr ”可知, 此处是指作者去敲门, 然后别人开门, answer the dr意为“应声开门”, 为固定用法。故选D。
6. A. wise B. kind C. rich D. pr
【解析】选B。根据“and give the birds that cme t yur yard a little ”可知, “给来到你院子里的鸟儿一些米”是“善良的”人的举动, 故选B。
7. A. silB. waterC. stneD. rice
【解析】选D。根据下文“Give me nly a handful f rice. . . ”可知, 作者请求人们施舍一点米, rice为原词复现。故选D。
8. A. cuntryB. rm
C. drD. garden
【解析】选C。句意: 每周我到你门前的时候, 只给我一把米。根据上文“I began kncking n every dr and. . . ”可知, 作者每周去敲门索要一把米, 故选C。
9. A. braveB. hungry
C. prmisingD. nervus
【解析】选B。根据上文“ as well as a place f war and natural disasters. ”可知, 此处是指自然灾害导致收成不好, 作者是把要来的东西送给那些饥饿的孩子。故选B。
10. A. mindB. cnsiderC. avidD. enjy
【解析】选A。句意: 似乎没有人介意给我一把米, 即使他们自己没有多少。根据下文的“even when they had little themselves. ”可知, 尽管自己都没有富余的, 但没有人介意作者的请求, 故选A。
11. A. clear awayB. put away
C. sweep awayD. give away
【解析】选D。根据上文“I will take it t the place where it can be given t the children. ”可知, 作者把募集来的米分给(give away)孩子们, 故选D。
12. A. everyB. eachC. neitherD. nne
【解析】选B。句意: 女士叫来她的女儿们, 每个人给了我五十分和一把米。由语境可知, 每一个孩子都给了作者东西。every不能单独作主语, 但each可以充当主语, 故选B。
13. A. apply frB. pay fr
C. ask frD. search fr
【解析】选C。句意: 我开始向其他“喂鸟人”要零钱和米, 他们都给了我。根据下文“and they gave them t me. ( 他们都给了我)”可知作者向他们“要”零钱和米, 故选C。
14. A. gladB. sadC. upsetD. wrried
【解析】选A。句意: 每个人都很乐意帮助那些受苦的人, 即使只是这么小的帮助。“就当我是你的鸟儿吧。”由上文“N ne seemed t giving me a handful f rice, even when they had little themselves. ”可知, 人们都乐意帮助那些受苦的人, 故选A。
15. A. creatingB. mending
C. disturbingD. managing
【解析】选A。作者孩童般的、稚气的想法不能够阻止战争, 但是它至少能在一定程度上减少战争带来的灾难, 并且创造出一种和平。故选A。
Ⅷ. 语法填空
The United Kingdm cnsists f fur cuntries: England, Wales, Sctland and Nrthern Ireland. Wales was linked 1.________ England in the 13th century. In the 17th century England and Wales were jined t Sctland, 2.________ (frm) Great Britain.
They were united in 3.________ peaceful way. The suthern part f Ireland was unwilling t jin the English gvernment and brke away t fund its wn gvernment.
England is the 4.________ (large) f the fur cuntries and fr cnvenience it is divided 5.________ (rugh) int three znes: the Suth f England, the Midlands and the Nrth. Mst f the ppulatin lives in the suth, but mst f the industrial cities 6.________ (lcate) in the Midlands and the Nrth. It is a pity that the industrial cities which were cnstructed in the nineteenth century d nt attract 7.________ (visit).
Lndn is the capital city with great histrical treasures, 8.________ is the centre f natinal gvernment and its administratin. It has the ldest prt, building and castle 9.________ (build) by the invaders. Withut the histrical evidence, we 10._______ (will) nt be able t learn mre abut the histry and culture f the UK.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的四大部分, 英格兰, 苏格兰, 威尔士和北爱尔兰, 以及英国的首都——伦敦。
1. 【解析】t。考查介词。句意: 在十三世纪, 威尔士与英格兰连接在一起。此处考查短语be linked t与……连接在一起。故填t。
2. 【解析】frming。考查现在分词作状语。此处为结果状语, 英格兰和威尔士与苏格兰结合的结果是形成了英国, 并且这是一个自然的结果。故填frming。
3. 【解析】a。考查固定用法。句意: 它们以和平的方式联合在一起。in a . . . way以一种……方式。
4. 【解析】largest。考查最高级。英格兰是这四个组成部分中最大的一个。根据句意可知此处应用最高级。故填largest。
5. 【解析】rughly。考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词be divided, rughly大体地, 粗略地。故填rughly。
6. 【解析】are lcated。考查被动语态。句意: 大部分的工业城市坐落于中部地带和北方地区。此处考查短语be lcated in坐落于, 位于。故填are lcated。
7. 【解析】visitrs。考查名词复数。visitr为可数名词, 结合语境可知此处应用名词复数。故填visitrs。
8. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Lndn, 且从句中缺主语, 故应用关系代词which。故填which。
9. 【解析】built。考查过去分词作定语。分析句子结构可知,________ by the invaders作定语, 且castle与build构成动宾关系, 故用过去分词作定语。故填built。
10. 【解析】wuld。考查虚拟语气。此处考查含蓄虚拟条件句对现在或将来的虚拟, 其结构为: withut/but fr+名词, sb. /sth. wuld d sth. 。故填wuld。