2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修10Unit1　BuildingthefutureUnit2　Peopleonthemove

Module 10

Unit 1　Building the future
Unit 2　People on the move


对应学生用书p147
项目
内　容
核心单词
单词拼写(根据汉语提示完成句子)
1.Without ____________(重力) to help circulate air，the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼出) has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around your head.

2.Although her description sounded wonderful，the price was ____________ (超出) our range，so we declined.

3.Home­owners had to decide whether to change the first floors of their buildings into ____________(地下室)，and the second stories into main floors or not.

4.If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago，consider investing in a more recent ____________(版本).

5.At the age of 68, he ____________(退休) from the post office，but he never stopped serving the community.

6.In ____________(繁荣) times，airlines do well.

7.Analysis of the data should have been more ____________ (有条理性).

8.We should stick to the principles and be ____________ (灵活性的) as well.

9.I have a lot of ____________ (同情) for her；she brought up the children on her own.

10.The students in the school share all the household ____________(开销).

[答案]

1.gravity　2.beyond　3.basements　4.edition　5.retired　6.boom　7.systematic　8.flexible　9.sympathy　10.expenses

重点短语
中译英
1.给……施加压力(做某事)________________________　　　　　　2.毫无疑问__________________________

3.除……之外；在……上面______ 4.处于关键时刻______________

5.把……付诸实践____________ 6.努力争取____________

7.成为重要新闻____________ 8.补上，补做____________

9.迁移中____________ 10.变成____________

11.是有道理的____________ 12.迎合____________

13.亲人____________ 14.口口相传____________

15.处于危险状态____________ 16.太阳能______________

17.人才流失____________ 18.充其量，至多____________

[答案]

1.put pressure on sb.(to do sth.)　2.beyond doubt　3.on top of　4.at a crossroads　5.put... into practice

6.push for　7.make the headlines　8.catch up on　9.be on the move　10.turn into　11.make sense　12.cater to

13.one's flesh and blood　14.by word of mouth　15.at risk　16.solar energy　17.brain drain　18.at best

句型操练·背诵与仿写
1.There is a saying that goes，“Give a man a fish，and you feed him for a day.Teach a man to fish，and you feed him for the rest of his life.”(P3，L31­33)
仿写　常言道：“有志者，事竟成。”

“________________________________”，as the saying goes.

2.Most US citizens retire around the age of 62，and the trend seems to be for them to move to warmer places.(P18，L21­22)

仿写　这事得由你决定。

This ____________________________________.

3.Finally，we must remember that the future of a country lies in the hands of its children.(P3，L52­53)

仿写　雷锋的伟大就在于总是乐于助人。

Lei Feng's greatness __________________________________________________.

4.It both makes us feel sympathy for them，and also makes us think about why we tend to have prejudice against other people just because they have a different culture or a different way of life.(P31，L56­58)

仿写　那些农民工的事迹既使我们对其心怀敬意，又使我们思考：为什么仅因他们来自农村或生活方式不同，我们就对其心存偏见呢。

The migrant workers' stories both make us __________________________________，and also make us ________________________________________just because they are from the countryside or have a different way of life.

[答案]

1.Where there is a will，there is a way

2.is for you to decide

3.lies / lay in being always ready / willing to help others

4.have / show respect for them；think about why we (tend to) have prejudice against them





对应学生用书p148
☆重点单词☆
1．target (targets / targeted / targeted / targeting)
vt.把……作为目标
n．[C]靶子，目标
Our bombers went out today to target__the__enemy's__airport．
我军轰炸机今天出击，以敌人的机场作为轰炸目标。
He fired several shots at the target.
他向目标射出了几发子弹。
温馨提示：
该词是及物动词，后面可以直接接宾语。
必记搭配：
be targeted at 面向；对准
hit a target 完成指标
set a target for sth. 为……制定目标
meet a target 达到目标
on target 有可能实现目标
an easy target 很容易击中的目标，容易受攻击的人

完成句子：
①We were still ____________ for our deadline.
我们仍然有可能赶在最后期限前达成目标。
②The programme ________________ improving the health of women of all ages.
这个计划旨在提高各个年龄段的妇女的健康。
③To learn English well，he ________________ and then tries his best to meet it.
为了学好英语，他设立了一个目标，然后尽他所能达到该目标。
[答案]
①on target　②is targeted at　③sets a target　
2．rent (rents / rented / rented / renting)
n．房租；租金
vt.出租；租用
If you can't sell your house，why don't you think about__renting__it__？
如果你不能卖了你的房子，你为什么不考虑一下把它租出去呢？
How much rent do you pay for this place?
你租这个地方的租金是多少？
同/ 近义词：
hire
温馨提示：
rent和blame一样，其不定式做表语时用主动表示被动。
This house is to rent.房屋出租。
This apartment rents cheaply.这套公寓租价便宜。
必记搭配：
for rent (美国)出租的
rent sth.to sb. 租用，把……租给某人
rent sth.from sb. 向某人租用某物
rent at / for (房屋等以某价格)收取租金
3．sympathy
n．同情；同感；赞同
They need recognition，more than sympathy and help.
他们需要得到承认，而不仅仅是同情和帮助。
It is not enough to have sympathy for the disabled.We should learn to respect them and help them understand their valuable role in society.
对残疾人仅仅表示同情是不够的，我们应当学会尊重他们，帮助他们理解自己在社会中扮演的有用的角色。
I'm in sympathy with him on that point.
在那一点上我赞同他的看法。
同/ 近义词：
mercy / pity
必记搭配：
be in sympathy with 赞同；支持
have / feel sympathy for sb. 同情某人
have sympathy with 赞同；支持
4．expense (pl.expenses)
n．花费；代价
He had his book printed at his own expense.
他自费出版了自己的书。
They purchased life at the expense of honour.
他们以牺牲名誉为代价换得了生命。
同/ 近义词：
price / cost
必记搭配：
at any expense 不惜任何代价
at one's expense / at the expense of sb. 用某人的费用；麻烦某人
at the expense of 牺牲……；付出……代价
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
【运用提升】
选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1．The landlord has put the ________(employment / rent / hire) up again.
2．He became the ____________(target / theme / figure) of criticism by the readers for his newly­published book.
3．Nothing can ____________(reduce / weaken / increase) his firm resolution to become a lawyer after graduation.
4．I feel____________ (sympathy / assessment / guilt) for those who dislike themselves.
[答案与解析]
1．rent。句意：房东又提高房租了。 employment雇用，职业；rent租金；hire租用，雇用。
2．target。句意：由于新出版的书，他成了读者批评的对象。target目标，对象；theme主题，题目；figure数字，算术。由句意可知填target。
3．weaken。句意：什么也动摇不了他毕业后成为律师的决心。reduce减少；weaken削弱，(使)变弱；increase增加。
4．sympathy。句意：我同情那些不喜欢自己的人。sympathy同情；assessment评定，估价；guilt内疚，犯罪。
☆核心短语☆
1．处于危险状态　　　　　　__at__ risk
The whole future of the company is at risk.
这家公司的整个前途都处在危险之中。

一定，无论如何　　　 at __all__ risks＝at __any__ risk
自担风险　　　　 at one's __own__ risk
冒着……的危险　　 at the risk __of__
冒险　　　　　　 __run__/__take__ risks
2．给……施加压力　 put__pressure__ on
We're trying to put pressure on the government to change the law.
我们试图对政府施加压力使其改变这一法令。

高血压　　　　　　 　　　 __high__ blood pressure
财政困难　 __financial__ pressure
人群的拥挤　 the pressure of the __crowd__
对……施加压力　 __bring__ pressure to
在……的压力下；逼不得已　 __under__ the pressure of
思考：与动词put搭配的短语有不少，请你试试，再写出五个好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
put an end to：结束，终止，消灭；put aside：把……放在一边，忽视，不理睬，忘记；put away：把……收起来，把……放回原处；put back：把……放在旁边，推迟；put down：放下，镇压，记下；put forward：提出，建议，推举，将……提前；put into：把……放入，投入，翻译成；put sb.in prison：将某人投入监狱；put into production：将……投入生产；put off：推迟，延期，阻止，劝阻，取消，撤销，使不信任，让……下车；put on：穿上(衣，鞋，帽)，增加，假装，开动，播放，上演；put out：放出，长出，熄灭，激怒，生产；put through：完成(工作)，使穿过，(用电话)接通；put together：把……放在一起，组装(机器)，汇合；put up with：忍受，容忍，不斤斤计较；put up：举起，使升高，进行，提名，提供，树立，建立
3．毫无疑问　 beyond__doubt__
Beyond doubt，the school forbids students to smoke.
毫无疑问，学校不许学生抽烟。

对……有严重怀疑　 have grave doubts __about__
不确定；拿不准　 be __in__ doubt
毫不怀疑　 __make__ no doubt of
对……产生怀疑　 throw / cast doubt __on__
4．将……付诸实施　　　　　 put...into__practice__
Only in this way may it be put into practice fully and effectively.
只有用这种方法，才能更全面、有效地落实到位。

惯例　　　　　 __common__ practice
社会实践　 __social__ practice
不好的习惯　 __bad__ practice
对……生疏　 __out__ of practice
实际上 __in__ practice
5．努力争取　　　　　 __push__ for
I think I'm doing a very good job and playing my part in this team's push for victory.
我认为我正做着非常出色的工作，在这支队伍奋力争取胜利的过程中我起着重要的作用。

争取提高工资　　　　　 push for __higher__ wages
(船)离岸　 push __off__
费力地前进　 push__on__
排开前进　 push one's __way__
推倒　 push __over__
使……获得通过　 push __through__
(顺利)推进　 push __along__
【运用提升】
根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
at risk；put pressure on；in doubt；at a crossroads；
put... into practice；push for；make sense
1．If you are ____________， consult the teacher.
2．He's ____________ in his career—either he stays in his current job or he accepts this new post in Brazil.
3．His plan broke down when it was ____________ because he had not given enough attention to details.
4．If we don’t protect the environment, human beings will be put ____________.
5．Improving your spoken English by talking much with foreigners from Britain would ____________，for practice makes perfect.
6．Britain’s health experts are ____________ a ban on all cigarette advertising.
7．The rising number of aging people will ______________ the younger generation and society.
[答案]
1．in doubt　2.at a crossroads　3.put into practice
4．at risk　5.make sense　6.pushing for　7.put pressure on
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
　In South Africa，a community programme is providing training and help for people without jobs or homes，so that they can learn to make works of art to sell to tourists.(P3，L48­50)
译：在南非，一项社区计划为失业的人和无家可归的人提供培训和援助，使他们能够学习制作可向游客出售的艺术品。

这是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是a community programme；动名词结构providing...for...做表语，目的状语从句中的动词不定式短语to sell to tourists做works of art的后置定语。
思考：不定式做后置定语时，什么情况下主动形式可以表达被动含义？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
不定式做后置定语时，如果不定式的施动者不是句子的主语，则不定式用主动和被动形式都可以，若有明显的被动意思时，最好用不定式的被动式。虽然可用主动形式表示被动含义，但有一个前提：即不定式与被其修饰的词构成动宾关系，同时又与句子的主语或其他成分构成主谓关系。如：
He is the man to choose / to be chosen.(choose不是由主语He发出的)
I want a book to read.(to read是由主语I发出的)

so that还可表示“结果”，引导结果状语从句，从句位于主句后面，此时前面多有逗号，后面通常没有can，could等情态动词。如：
The girl studied very hard，so that she passed the exam.
温馨提示：
(1)so that句型引导结果状语从句时用情态动词should / would / might / could＋not表示否定，而它引导的目的状语从句不能用could＋not表示否定。
(2)so that引导结果状语从句时也可以省去so或that。
【运用提升】
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I'm going to Shanghai next week. Do you have anything ____________(take) to your parents?
2．Nothing more was heard from him ____________ that we began to wonder if he was dead.
3．She got up so early ____________ she could not miss the train.
[答案与解析]
1．to be taken。不定式做定语，东西由我带给你父母，因此东西与我之间是被动关系。但与you不构成主谓关系，故填to be taken。
2．so。句意：此后再没收到他的消息，于是我们开始怀疑他是不是死了。so that(引出结果)因此，所以。
3．that。so...that如此……以至于。



对应学生用书p149
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What developing countries really need to do is stop poverty by fighting the causes of it.One way to help a country develop is to improve 1.____________(it) infrastructure.The infrastructure of a country is 2.____________ makes everything run well，and it includes things like transport，irrigation，electricity，telephones 3.________ schools.These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created，4.____________ (allow) people to help themselves so that they no longer need 5.________(depend) on others.
6．____________ way to help a country is through the development of private enterprise along with job training in order to address the problem of 7.____________(employ)．For example，in Afghanistan，housewives and widows have been taught to sew clothing，which they can sell for extra income.In eastern Nigeria，young people are being trained to use computer technology to develop their problem­solving and communication 8.____________(skill)，and to find new occupations in the field of technology.In South Africa，a community programme is providing training and help for people 9.____________ jobs or homes，so that they can learn to make works of art to sell to tourists.Although this is a bit different from 10.____________(convention) businesses，the programme is growing fast，and many people have been quite successful in it.
[答案]
1．its　2.what　3.and　4.allowing　5.to depend　6.Another
7．unemployment　8.skills　9.without　10.conventional