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2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修8Unit2 Theuniversallanguage
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Unit 2 The universal language
对应学生用书p128
项目
内 容
核心单词
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)
1.The article ____________ (谴责) those officials who do one thing and say another.
2.We were not able to meet the ____________ (最后期限) because of manufacturing delays.
3.We are often ____________ (责备) when we make mistakes at home，school and work.
4.We ____________ (抓住) the opportunity to give the children some good advice.
5.Although they have ____________ (寻求) to find a peaceful solution，he is facing pressure to use greater military force.
6.There is little p____________ against workers from other EU states.
7.It's e____________ that walking may be an effective way if you really want to lose weight.
8.He is generally acknowledged to have the finest c____________ of Dutch paintings in private hands.
9.She d____________ to know why she had not been told from the start.
10.More and more people putting the lowcarbon lifestyle into practice，consumption of gas has d____________ in recent years.
[答案]
1.condemned 2.deadline 3.scolded 4.seized 5.sought 6.prejudice 7.evident 8.collection 9.demanded
10.declined
词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.They were searching for ____________ of his crime，and found it was ____________ that he had murdered the president.(evident)
2.The ____________ news made people present at the meeting ____________．(disturb)
3.An increase in crime is one of the results of ____________，so the government and the ____________ should pay more attention to the ____________．(employ)
4.People will remember those who are ____________，for they showed ____________ to those in trouble.(mercy)
5.Though he was ____________ to face the fact that he had failed the exam，he was ____________ to learn from others.(will)
6.Teaching is a ____________ profession，so the headmaster usually ____________ that every teacher should try their best to do it.(demand)
7.Thanks to the good care of the nurses，the boy is ____________ recovering from his lung operation.A ____________ change is preferable to a sudden change.(gradual)
8.There is a growing ____________ for people to return to the hometown to start their business.The middleaged ____________ to do that.(tend)
9.The old ____________ likes to ____________ some old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art ____________．(collect)
10.There are a huge number of unknown planets in the ____________，so these puzzles are very ____________．But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)
[答案]
1.evidence；evident 2.disturbing；disturbed 3.unemployment；employers；employment 4.merciful；mercy
5.willing；unwilling 6.demanding；demands 7.gradually；gradual 8.tendency；tend
9.collector；collect；collection 10.universe；universal
重点短语,汉译英
1．被处以某种刑罚______________ 2.向……求婚__________________ 3.相爱__________________
4．乍一看______________________ 5.突然兴起____________________ 6.破裂____________________
7．以……为背景____________________ 8.开始____________________ 9.对……有偏见______________
10．违背诺言____________________
[答案]
1．be condemned to sth. 2.ask for sb.'s hand in marriage 3.fall in love 4.at first sight
5．spring up 6.break up 7.be set in 8.start out 9.be prejudiced against 10.break one's promise
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.(P30，L68)
仿写 那个老人病得严重。反应太迟钝，不好照料。
That old man ________________．He ________________________________________．
2．Thus，from the blues，there sprung up a faster，livelier kind of music called jazz.(P30，L89)
仿写 一条小溪绕过村庄，流进东边的山谷。
There flows ______________________________________________________________________．
3．It was a real opportunity for me to be cast.(P25，A)
仿写 老师及时批改试卷是必要的。
1)It is necessary for the teacher ____________________________________．
2)It is necessary for the test papers ______________________________________．
4．The place seems dark and the mountains look like paintings when seen through the mists.(P115，A)
仿写 从山顶上看，我们学校就像一座大花园。
________________________________________，our school ________________________________．
[答案]
1．is badly / seriously ill；is too slow to attend / tend to
2．a stream around the village，into the valley eastwards
3．1)to check test papers in time
2)to be checked (by the teacher) in time
4．When seen / Seen from the top of the hill；looks like a big garden
对应学生用书p129
☆重点单词☆
1．cast (casts / cast / cast / casting)
vt.选派……扮演某角色；投，抛，掷，撒(网)
The director decided not to __cast__his__new__film__ with bigname actors.
导演决定新的影片将不使用大腕演员。
Don't let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment. Try again!
不要因为实验中一个小小的失败而沮丧，再试一次！
The new evidence cast some doubt on his reliability as a witness.
新的证据令人怀疑他作为证人的可靠性。
同/ 近义词：
throw / shed
必记搭配：
cast an eye on / over sth. 迅速检查某物
cast / throw light on sth. 使某事物清楚
cast sb./ sth.aside 抛弃，排除；消除，废除
cast sb.down 使某人沮丧
2．hit (hits / hit / hit / hitting)
vt.打；碰撞；打击；打中
n．打击；碰撞；击中；成功而风行的事物
I was hit by a flash of joy at the sight of my new car.
见到我的新车，我心中闪现出喜悦之情。
He got hit by a car when he was crossing the road.
他过马路时被车撞了。
The stone hit__him__on__the__head．
石头击中了他的头部。
Her new album came out last month and became a hit in no time.
她的新专辑上个月发行了，立刻受到追捧。
同/ 近义词：
strike / beat
必记搭配：
hit sb./ sth.with sth. 用某物打击 / 击中或命中某人 / 某物
hit sth.(on / against sth.) 使(身体部位)磕碰某物
hit sb.on the head 打某人的头
hit sb.in the eye 击中某人的眼睛
hit songs 热门歌曲
3．decline (declines / declined / declined / declining)
n．下降；衰退，衰落；减少；后期
v．下降，下跌；衰退；减少；倾斜；婉拒；谢绝
Home cooking seems to be __on__the__decline__．
在家里做饭的人似乎越来越少。
They declined further comment on the proposal.
他们不肯对此提议作更多的评价。
同/ 近义词：
refuse / reject
必记搭配：
decline an invitation to dinner 谢绝宴请
a declining birthrate 逐渐下降的出生率
a decline in population / prices / popularity 人口 / 价格 / 普及度的降低
fall / go into (a) decline 失去(力量、影响等)
on the decline/in decline 在消减；在衰退
写出句中decline的词性和含义：
①I offered to help him but he declined.____________
②Oil production has already peaked and is on the decline in about 50 nations.____________
③Her health has been declining gradually for several months.____________
短语填空：
④As she was older，her mental powers were ________________________________________________________________________.
⑤Libraries are an investment for the future and they should not be allowed to ______________________．
[答案]
①v.谢绝 ②n.下降 ③vi.逐渐变差
④on the decline/in decline ⑤fall into decline
4．voyage
n．航行，航程，航海
The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks.
探险队在五周内完成了航程。
同/ 近义词：
journey / trip / tour / travel
必记搭配：
make a voyage across the Atlantic 做横越大西洋的航行
take / make / go on a voyage from...to... 由……航行前往……
a voyage of selfdiscovery 自我发现之旅
【运用提升】
选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1．He began bleeding after they ____________(knocked / hit / put) him on the head.
2．The company’s profits will ____________(fly / decline / stop) slightly this year.
3．She usually gets seasick during the ____________(trip / voyage / journey) so she seldom goes there by ship.
4．When he knew the disappointing result of the exam，he seemed quite ____________(fed up / cast down / in vain)．
[答案与解析]
1．hit。hit sb. on the head打某人的头。句意：他们击打他的头之后，他开始流血了。
2．decline。句意：今年公司的利润将会轻微下降。fly飞；decline下降；stop停止。
3．voyage。句意：她在旅行中常晕船，因此她很少乘船去那儿。根据seasick以及ship可知，此处应该指水路航行，故填voyage。
4．cast down。短语辨析。fed up厌倦；cast down推翻，沮丧的；in vain徒劳。句意：当他知道这个令人失望的考试结果时，他似乎相当沮丧。结合语境可知填cast down。
☆核心短语☆
1．对……有偏见 be __prejudiced__ against
Few people will admit to being prejudiced against others.
很少有人会承认自己对他人有偏见。
对……有偏见 have prejudice __against__
不利于，有损于 __to__the prejudice__of__
无偏见地 __without__ prejudice
充满种族偏见 be __full__ of racial prejudice
2．(突然)爱上某人 fall __in__ love with sb.
I fell in love with him the instant I saw him.
看到他的第一眼我就爱上了他。
fall in love with“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语
be in love with“爱，喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语
begin to love someone 开始爱上某人
lose one's heart to sb. 爱上了某人
完成句子：
①The school atmosphere makes me ____________ with books which can broaden my horizon.
学校的氛围让我爱上了书籍，它可以开阔我的视野。
②We will be ____________ with each other forever.
我们会永远爱着对方。
③Sarah ________________ to Michael.
莎拉已经爱上了迈克。
④Nancy was so attractive that Jimmy ________________ with her the first time he saw her.Now they ________________________________________________________________________
with each other for 3 years.
南希那么有吸引力，以至于吉姆对她一见钟情。现在他们已经相爱三年了。
[答案]
①fall in love ②in love ③has lost her heart
④fell in love；have been in love
3．违背诺言 __break__ one's promise
When we were at school，we made a commitment to work together in the future，but he broke his promise later.
当我们在学校的时候，我们承诺将来一起工作，但是，后来他违背了诺言。
履行诺言 / 实现诺言 __carry__out__ a promise
给予保证 / 遵守诺言 / 作出允诺 __give__/__keep__/__make__a promise (to do sth.)
关于某事 / 做某事的承诺 a promise__of__sth./__to
do__sth.__
(向某人)许诺 promise sb. sth./
promise __sth.(to__sb.)__
思考：你能写出多少个break的短语？请你试一试。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
break away (from sb./ sth.)：(escape suddenly) 突然逃脱，挣脱(束缚)；脱离某政党、政府等(尤指另建新组织)
break down：(因机械、电力等故障)停止运转，失灵，失效；(fail；collapse) 失败；崩溃；瓦解；垮；(become very bad；collapse) (指某人健康状况)变得恶劣；垮；(lose control of one's feelings) 感情失去控制
break sth.down：(make sth.collapse by striking it hard) 猛击某物使之毁坏；使某事物瓦解；镇压、克服、破坏某事物；改变某物的化学成分
break in：强行进入屋内
break in (on sth.)：打断，干扰(某事物)
break into sth.：(enter sth.by force) 强行进入某处；(suddenly begin) 突然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等)
break off：停止讲话
break sth.off：突然中止某事物；中断某事物
break out：(指激烈事件)突然发生
break through：有重要创新；突破
break through (sth.)：强行穿过(某事物)；插入(某事物)
break up：(go away in different directions；disperse) (指群体中的成员)解散，散去；(指学校、教职员或学生)期末放假；(become very weak；collapse) 变得衰弱；瓦解；崩溃；(end) (尤指一段时期的好天气)结束；(将某物)击碎，打碎，撞碎
4．某人被判死刑 be condemned to __death__ /
condemn sb.__to__death__
Fifty rebels were condemned to death.
50名叛乱分子被判了死刑。
指责……为…… condemn sb./ sth.__as__...
谴责某人干了某事 condemn sb.__for__doing__sth.__
【运用提升】
根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
be prejudiced against；spring up；show mercy to；
ask for sb’s hand in；break one's promise；
be condemned to death
1．When caught stealing, he begged them to____________ him.
2．Kate was happy because yesterday Tom ____________ marriage at the party.
3．As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed，new official tongues began to ____________ at an increasing rate.
4．Early in my life，I ____________ living in the country by some unfortunate experiences with farm animals.
5．He is not the person to rely on, for he always __________．
6．Some officials breaking the law______________．
[答案与解析]
1．show mercy to。句意：当他偷窃被抓住时，他请求他们宽恕他。短语show mercy to“对……怜悯；宽恕”，短语beg sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”，故填show mercy to。
2．asked for her hand in。句意：凯特很高兴，因为昨天汤姆在聚会上向她求婚。结合句意可知，ask for one’s hand in marriage意为“向……求婚”，根据yesterday可知，此处用一般过去时。
3．spring up
4．was prejudiced against
5．breaks his promise。句意：他并不是一个值得依靠的人，因为他总是言而无信。
6．were / are condemned to death
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1．Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting！(P18，L89)
译：想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更好的场景了！
主语＋否定式谓语(含not或never)＋比较级：“没有比这更……”，“从没有比这更……”。相当于最高级的含义。
He is working harder than any other student in his class.他比班上其他任何一个学生学习都要努力。
I've never seen a better present than this one.
我从来没有见过比这更好的礼物。
Nothing is more valuable than friendship.友谊是最珍贵的。
完成汉译英：
①我喜欢你的裙子。我从未见过比这个更漂亮的裙子。
I like your dress. I've ____________ seen a ____________ before.
②你的故事太棒了，这是我听过的最好的故事。
Your story is perfect；I've __________________ heard __________________ before.
[答案]
①never; more beautiful one ②never；a better one
2．The emperor finds the death disturbing.However，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise.(P18，L2021)
译：皇帝发现死了这么多人，这很令其烦恼，尽管他很想收回这一允诺，但是他又不能食言。
第一句中的谓语部分是“find＋sb./ sth.＋adj.”结构，形容词disturbing做宾语补足语，此类动词有：make，prove，leave，think，consider，keep等。例如：
I find this book very interesting.我发现这本书很有意思。
英译中：
①Please leave me alone.
________________________________________________________________________
②I found myself surrounded by a group of children.
________________________________________________________________________
③When I entered the room，I found the book lying open on the desk.
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
①请让我一个人待着吧。
②我发现一群孩子围着我。
③我走进房间时，发现书摊开在桌子上。
思考：你能归纳find的句型结构吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
find的句型结构：
find＋n. / pron.＋sth.
find＋n. / pron.＋adj.
find＋it＋n./ adj.＋ doing sth./ to do sth.
find＋it＋n./ adj.＋ that...
find＋that...
例如：
Edison's mother found him a good student.
He found the game very exciting.
Some students find it a little hard to learn physics well.
I found it no use arguing with her over such things.
More and more people find it necessary that they should learn English well.
I find (that) it pays to be honest.
第二句中although he would like to是个省略句，省略了break his promise。如：
—Have you been to New Zealand? 你去过新西兰吗？
—No, I'd love to，though.没有，尽管我很想去。
完成句子：
④I ______________ a comic opera, but I wish to.
我从未看过滑稽歌剧，但我很想看。
⑤—Are you on holiday?
—No，but ____________________．
——你在度假吗？
——没有，但我想去。
⑥—I didn't tell him the news.
—Oh，you ____________________．
——我没有把这个消息告诉他。
——哦，你本应该告诉他的。
[答案]
④have never seen
⑤I'd like to
⑥ought to / should have
【运用提升】
选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1．Can ____________(it / that) be proved that she is innocent?
2．Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ____________(best / better) this year.
3．Mr.Black，____________(although / but / therefore) born in Kentucky，lived and practiced law in Missouri.
[答案与解析]
1．it。句意：能证明她是无罪的吗？
2．better。“否定词(not，never等)＋比较级”表示最高级意义，“没有比这更……”。句意：鲍勃9.91秒跑了100米，这是我今年见到的最快的速度了。
3．although。句意：尽管布莱克先生在肯塔基州出生，但是他在密苏里州生活和学习法律。although“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。therefore“因此”，为副词，表示因果关系；but“但是”，为连词，表转折。结合语境可知填although。
对应学生用书p131
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last night, I witnessed Turandot being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Some of the world's 1.__________(great) opera singers were cast 2.__________ this production, and many great Chinese musicians also participated.
Turandot is about a stubborn 3.____________ cruel Chinese princess 4.____________(name) Turandot. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must solve three riddles 5.____________ he wants to marry her, otherwise he will be condemned to death. After a prince is killed for failing 6.____________(solve) her riddles, another prince, Calaf, decides to solve them so that he can marry her. Meanwhile, Liu，7.____________ young slave of Calaf's father, loves Calaf. Accompanied by his father and Liu, Calaf 8.__________(succeed) in answering the three 9.__________(question), which annoys Turandot, as she is unwilling to get married. 10.____________ happened next? If you fail to remember the end of the story, read the text once again.
[答案]
1．greatest 2.in 3.and 4.named 5.if 6.to solve 7.a 8.succeeds 9.questions 10.What
对应学生用书p128
项目
内 容
核心单词
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)
1.The article ____________ (谴责) those officials who do one thing and say another.
2.We were not able to meet the ____________ (最后期限) because of manufacturing delays.
3.We are often ____________ (责备) when we make mistakes at home，school and work.
4.We ____________ (抓住) the opportunity to give the children some good advice.
5.Although they have ____________ (寻求) to find a peaceful solution，he is facing pressure to use greater military force.
6.There is little p____________ against workers from other EU states.
7.It's e____________ that walking may be an effective way if you really want to lose weight.
8.He is generally acknowledged to have the finest c____________ of Dutch paintings in private hands.
9.She d____________ to know why she had not been told from the start.
10.More and more people putting the lowcarbon lifestyle into practice，consumption of gas has d____________ in recent years.
[答案]
1.condemned 2.deadline 3.scolded 4.seized 5.sought 6.prejudice 7.evident 8.collection 9.demanded
10.declined
词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.They were searching for ____________ of his crime，and found it was ____________ that he had murdered the president.(evident)
2.The ____________ news made people present at the meeting ____________．(disturb)
3.An increase in crime is one of the results of ____________，so the government and the ____________ should pay more attention to the ____________．(employ)
4.People will remember those who are ____________，for they showed ____________ to those in trouble.(mercy)
5.Though he was ____________ to face the fact that he had failed the exam，he was ____________ to learn from others.(will)
6.Teaching is a ____________ profession，so the headmaster usually ____________ that every teacher should try their best to do it.(demand)
7.Thanks to the good care of the nurses，the boy is ____________ recovering from his lung operation.A ____________ change is preferable to a sudden change.(gradual)
8.There is a growing ____________ for people to return to the hometown to start their business.The middleaged ____________ to do that.(tend)
9.The old ____________ likes to ____________ some old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art ____________．(collect)
10.There are a huge number of unknown planets in the ____________，so these puzzles are very ____________．But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)
[答案]
1.evidence；evident 2.disturbing；disturbed 3.unemployment；employers；employment 4.merciful；mercy
5.willing；unwilling 6.demanding；demands 7.gradually；gradual 8.tendency；tend
9.collector；collect；collection 10.universe；universal
重点短语,汉译英
1．被处以某种刑罚______________ 2.向……求婚__________________ 3.相爱__________________
4．乍一看______________________ 5.突然兴起____________________ 6.破裂____________________
7．以……为背景____________________ 8.开始____________________ 9.对……有偏见______________
10．违背诺言____________________
[答案]
1．be condemned to sth. 2.ask for sb.'s hand in marriage 3.fall in love 4.at first sight
5．spring up 6.break up 7.be set in 8.start out 9.be prejudiced against 10.break one's promise
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.(P30，L68)
仿写 那个老人病得严重。反应太迟钝，不好照料。
That old man ________________．He ________________________________________．
2．Thus，from the blues，there sprung up a faster，livelier kind of music called jazz.(P30，L89)
仿写 一条小溪绕过村庄，流进东边的山谷。
There flows ______________________________________________________________________．
3．It was a real opportunity for me to be cast.(P25，A)
仿写 老师及时批改试卷是必要的。
1)It is necessary for the teacher ____________________________________．
2)It is necessary for the test papers ______________________________________．
4．The place seems dark and the mountains look like paintings when seen through the mists.(P115，A)
仿写 从山顶上看，我们学校就像一座大花园。
________________________________________，our school ________________________________．
[答案]
1．is badly / seriously ill；is too slow to attend / tend to
2．a stream around the village，into the valley eastwards
3．1)to check test papers in time
2)to be checked (by the teacher) in time
4．When seen / Seen from the top of the hill；looks like a big garden
对应学生用书p129
☆重点单词☆
1．cast (casts / cast / cast / casting)
vt.选派……扮演某角色；投，抛，掷，撒(网)
The director decided not to __cast__his__new__film__ with bigname actors.
导演决定新的影片将不使用大腕演员。
Don't let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment. Try again!
不要因为实验中一个小小的失败而沮丧，再试一次！
The new evidence cast some doubt on his reliability as a witness.
新的证据令人怀疑他作为证人的可靠性。
同/ 近义词：
throw / shed
必记搭配：
cast an eye on / over sth. 迅速检查某物
cast / throw light on sth. 使某事物清楚
cast sb./ sth.aside 抛弃，排除；消除，废除
cast sb.down 使某人沮丧
2．hit (hits / hit / hit / hitting)
vt.打；碰撞；打击；打中
n．打击；碰撞；击中；成功而风行的事物
I was hit by a flash of joy at the sight of my new car.
见到我的新车，我心中闪现出喜悦之情。
He got hit by a car when he was crossing the road.
他过马路时被车撞了。
The stone hit__him__on__the__head．
石头击中了他的头部。
Her new album came out last month and became a hit in no time.
她的新专辑上个月发行了，立刻受到追捧。
同/ 近义词：
strike / beat
必记搭配：
hit sb./ sth.with sth. 用某物打击 / 击中或命中某人 / 某物
hit sth.(on / against sth.) 使(身体部位)磕碰某物
hit sb.on the head 打某人的头
hit sb.in the eye 击中某人的眼睛
hit songs 热门歌曲
3．decline (declines / declined / declined / declining)
n．下降；衰退，衰落；减少；后期
v．下降，下跌；衰退；减少；倾斜；婉拒；谢绝
Home cooking seems to be __on__the__decline__．
在家里做饭的人似乎越来越少。
They declined further comment on the proposal.
他们不肯对此提议作更多的评价。
同/ 近义词：
refuse / reject
必记搭配：
decline an invitation to dinner 谢绝宴请
a declining birthrate 逐渐下降的出生率
a decline in population / prices / popularity 人口 / 价格 / 普及度的降低
fall / go into (a) decline 失去(力量、影响等)
on the decline/in decline 在消减；在衰退
写出句中decline的词性和含义：
①I offered to help him but he declined.____________
②Oil production has already peaked and is on the decline in about 50 nations.____________
③Her health has been declining gradually for several months.____________
短语填空：
④As she was older，her mental powers were ________________________________________________________________________.
⑤Libraries are an investment for the future and they should not be allowed to ______________________．
[答案]
①v.谢绝 ②n.下降 ③vi.逐渐变差
④on the decline/in decline ⑤fall into decline
4．voyage
n．航行，航程，航海
The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks.
探险队在五周内完成了航程。
同/ 近义词：
journey / trip / tour / travel
必记搭配：
make a voyage across the Atlantic 做横越大西洋的航行
take / make / go on a voyage from...to... 由……航行前往……
a voyage of selfdiscovery 自我发现之旅
【运用提升】
选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1．He began bleeding after they ____________(knocked / hit / put) him on the head.
2．The company’s profits will ____________(fly / decline / stop) slightly this year.
3．She usually gets seasick during the ____________(trip / voyage / journey) so she seldom goes there by ship.
4．When he knew the disappointing result of the exam，he seemed quite ____________(fed up / cast down / in vain)．
[答案与解析]
1．hit。hit sb. on the head打某人的头。句意：他们击打他的头之后，他开始流血了。
2．decline。句意：今年公司的利润将会轻微下降。fly飞；decline下降；stop停止。
3．voyage。句意：她在旅行中常晕船，因此她很少乘船去那儿。根据seasick以及ship可知，此处应该指水路航行，故填voyage。
4．cast down。短语辨析。fed up厌倦；cast down推翻，沮丧的；in vain徒劳。句意：当他知道这个令人失望的考试结果时，他似乎相当沮丧。结合语境可知填cast down。
☆核心短语☆
1．对……有偏见 be __prejudiced__ against
Few people will admit to being prejudiced against others.
很少有人会承认自己对他人有偏见。
对……有偏见 have prejudice __against__
不利于，有损于 __to__the prejudice__of__
无偏见地 __without__ prejudice
充满种族偏见 be __full__ of racial prejudice
2．(突然)爱上某人 fall __in__ love with sb.
I fell in love with him the instant I saw him.
看到他的第一眼我就爱上了他。
fall in love with“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语
be in love with“爱，喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语
begin to love someone 开始爱上某人
lose one's heart to sb. 爱上了某人
完成句子：
①The school atmosphere makes me ____________ with books which can broaden my horizon.
学校的氛围让我爱上了书籍，它可以开阔我的视野。
②We will be ____________ with each other forever.
我们会永远爱着对方。
③Sarah ________________ to Michael.
莎拉已经爱上了迈克。
④Nancy was so attractive that Jimmy ________________ with her the first time he saw her.Now they ________________________________________________________________________
with each other for 3 years.
南希那么有吸引力，以至于吉姆对她一见钟情。现在他们已经相爱三年了。
[答案]
①fall in love ②in love ③has lost her heart
④fell in love；have been in love
3．违背诺言 __break__ one's promise
When we were at school，we made a commitment to work together in the future，but he broke his promise later.
当我们在学校的时候，我们承诺将来一起工作，但是，后来他违背了诺言。
履行诺言 / 实现诺言 __carry__out__ a promise
给予保证 / 遵守诺言 / 作出允诺 __give__/__keep__/__make__a promise (to do sth.)
关于某事 / 做某事的承诺 a promise__of__sth./__to
do__sth.__
(向某人)许诺 promise sb. sth./
promise __sth.(to__sb.)__
思考：你能写出多少个break的短语？请你试一试。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
break away (from sb./ sth.)：(escape suddenly) 突然逃脱，挣脱(束缚)；脱离某政党、政府等(尤指另建新组织)
break down：(因机械、电力等故障)停止运转，失灵，失效；(fail；collapse) 失败；崩溃；瓦解；垮；(become very bad；collapse) (指某人健康状况)变得恶劣；垮；(lose control of one's feelings) 感情失去控制
break sth.down：(make sth.collapse by striking it hard) 猛击某物使之毁坏；使某事物瓦解；镇压、克服、破坏某事物；改变某物的化学成分
break in：强行进入屋内
break in (on sth.)：打断，干扰(某事物)
break into sth.：(enter sth.by force) 强行进入某处；(suddenly begin) 突然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等)
break off：停止讲话
break sth.off：突然中止某事物；中断某事物
break out：(指激烈事件)突然发生
break through：有重要创新；突破
break through (sth.)：强行穿过(某事物)；插入(某事物)
break up：(go away in different directions；disperse) (指群体中的成员)解散，散去；(指学校、教职员或学生)期末放假；(become very weak；collapse) 变得衰弱；瓦解；崩溃；(end) (尤指一段时期的好天气)结束；(将某物)击碎，打碎，撞碎
4．某人被判死刑 be condemned to __death__ /
condemn sb.__to__death__
Fifty rebels were condemned to death.
50名叛乱分子被判了死刑。
指责……为…… condemn sb./ sth.__as__...
谴责某人干了某事 condemn sb.__for__doing__sth.__
【运用提升】
根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
be prejudiced against；spring up；show mercy to；
ask for sb’s hand in；break one's promise；
be condemned to death
1．When caught stealing, he begged them to____________ him.
2．Kate was happy because yesterday Tom ____________ marriage at the party.
3．As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed，new official tongues began to ____________ at an increasing rate.
4．Early in my life，I ____________ living in the country by some unfortunate experiences with farm animals.
5．He is not the person to rely on, for he always __________．
6．Some officials breaking the law______________．
[答案与解析]
1．show mercy to。句意：当他偷窃被抓住时，他请求他们宽恕他。短语show mercy to“对……怜悯；宽恕”，短语beg sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”，故填show mercy to。
2．asked for her hand in。句意：凯特很高兴，因为昨天汤姆在聚会上向她求婚。结合句意可知，ask for one’s hand in marriage意为“向……求婚”，根据yesterday可知，此处用一般过去时。
3．spring up
4．was prejudiced against
5．breaks his promise。句意：他并不是一个值得依靠的人，因为他总是言而无信。
6．were / are condemned to death
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1．Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting！(P18，L89)
译：想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更好的场景了！
主语＋否定式谓语(含not或never)＋比较级：“没有比这更……”，“从没有比这更……”。相当于最高级的含义。
He is working harder than any other student in his class.他比班上其他任何一个学生学习都要努力。
I've never seen a better present than this one.
我从来没有见过比这更好的礼物。
Nothing is more valuable than friendship.友谊是最珍贵的。
完成汉译英：
①我喜欢你的裙子。我从未见过比这个更漂亮的裙子。
I like your dress. I've ____________ seen a ____________ before.
②你的故事太棒了，这是我听过的最好的故事。
Your story is perfect；I've __________________ heard __________________ before.
[答案]
①never; more beautiful one ②never；a better one
2．The emperor finds the death disturbing.However，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise.(P18，L2021)
译：皇帝发现死了这么多人，这很令其烦恼，尽管他很想收回这一允诺，但是他又不能食言。
第一句中的谓语部分是“find＋sb./ sth.＋adj.”结构，形容词disturbing做宾语补足语，此类动词有：make，prove，leave，think，consider，keep等。例如：
I find this book very interesting.我发现这本书很有意思。
英译中：
①Please leave me alone.
________________________________________________________________________
②I found myself surrounded by a group of children.
________________________________________________________________________
③When I entered the room，I found the book lying open on the desk.
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
①请让我一个人待着吧。
②我发现一群孩子围着我。
③我走进房间时，发现书摊开在桌子上。
思考：你能归纳find的句型结构吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
find的句型结构：
find＋n. / pron.＋sth.
find＋n. / pron.＋adj.
find＋it＋n./ adj.＋ doing sth./ to do sth.
find＋it＋n./ adj.＋ that...
find＋that...
例如：
Edison's mother found him a good student.
He found the game very exciting.
Some students find it a little hard to learn physics well.
I found it no use arguing with her over such things.
More and more people find it necessary that they should learn English well.
I find (that) it pays to be honest.
第二句中although he would like to是个省略句，省略了break his promise。如：
—Have you been to New Zealand? 你去过新西兰吗？
—No, I'd love to，though.没有，尽管我很想去。
完成句子：
④I ______________ a comic opera, but I wish to.
我从未看过滑稽歌剧，但我很想看。
⑤—Are you on holiday?
—No，but ____________________．
——你在度假吗？
——没有，但我想去。
⑥—I didn't tell him the news.
—Oh，you ____________________．
——我没有把这个消息告诉他。
——哦，你本应该告诉他的。
[答案]
④have never seen
⑤I'd like to
⑥ought to / should have
【运用提升】
选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1．Can ____________(it / that) be proved that she is innocent?
2．Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ____________(best / better) this year.
3．Mr.Black，____________(although / but / therefore) born in Kentucky，lived and practiced law in Missouri.
[答案与解析]
1．it。句意：能证明她是无罪的吗？
2．better。“否定词(not，never等)＋比较级”表示最高级意义，“没有比这更……”。句意：鲍勃9.91秒跑了100米，这是我今年见到的最快的速度了。
3．although。句意：尽管布莱克先生在肯塔基州出生，但是他在密苏里州生活和学习法律。although“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。therefore“因此”，为副词，表示因果关系；but“但是”，为连词，表转折。结合语境可知填although。
对应学生用书p131
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last night, I witnessed Turandot being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Some of the world's 1.__________(great) opera singers were cast 2.__________ this production, and many great Chinese musicians also participated.
Turandot is about a stubborn 3.____________ cruel Chinese princess 4.____________(name) Turandot. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must solve three riddles 5.____________ he wants to marry her, otherwise he will be condemned to death. After a prince is killed for failing 6.____________(solve) her riddles, another prince, Calaf, decides to solve them so that he can marry her. Meanwhile, Liu，7.____________ young slave of Calaf's father, loves Calaf. Accompanied by his father and Liu, Calaf 8.__________(succeed) in answering the three 9.__________(question), which annoys Turandot, as she is unwilling to get married. 10.____________ happened next? If you fail to remember the end of the story, read the text once again.
[答案]
1．greatest 2.in 3.and 4.named 5.if 6.to solve 7.a 8.succeeds 9.questions 10.What
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