2020版新高考一轮复习英语新课改·外研版讲义：必修二Module6FilmsandTVProgrammes

Module 6 Films and TV Programmes

一、课前基础自查

 (一)分类记单词——省时高效

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本

二、课堂重点深化

1．interest vt.使感兴趣n.兴趣；利益；吸引力

　[自主体验]

单句语法填空

①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting (interest) stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.

②He turned to a newspaper and began reading it with interest.

③After seeing the opening, he lost interest in the so­called thrilling movie.

　[系统归纳]

　[重点强化]

佳句时时写(句型转换)

④If you are interested in it, let me know and I'll send you more information.

→If you have/show/take_interest_in_it, let me know and I'll send you more information.

2．occasionally adv.有时；偶尔

　[自主体验]

单句语法填空

①I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of poor health.

②It's a happy occasion where people feast on tasty mooncakes.

　[系统归纳]

 　[重点强化]

佳句时时写(改为倒装句)

③You should on no occasion do such a thing like that.

→On_no_occasion_should_you_do_such_a_thing_like_that.

[名师指津]　occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，如果引导词在定语从句中作状语表示时刻，应用关系副词when；若表示场合，应用关系副词where。

  3.argue v．争论；辩论；讨论；主张；认为

　[自主体验]

单句语法填空

①Having_argued (argue) for hours, they both felt tired.　

②It's no use arguing with him about/over the question for he won't change his opinion.

③(2017·浙江高考)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.

　[系统归纳]

　[重点强化]

佳句时时写

④他反对吸烟， 坚持说吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。最后他说服我们戒了烟。

He argued_against smoking, and insisted that it was_beyond_argument that smoking was harmful to health.At last, he argued_us_out_of smoking.

4．entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的

　[自主体验]

单句语法填空

①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They found that more on­demand entertainment (entertain) viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

②He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes last night.

　[系统归纳]

　[重点强化]

佳句时时写

令我非常高兴的是，他许诺请我们吃冰淇淋。

③To_my_great_entertainment,_he promised to entertain_us_to_ice_cream.

1．come out出现；出来；出版；发行；(花)开放；显露；泄露；结果是

　[自主体验]

写出下列句中come out的含义

①The stars came out as soon as it was dark.出来；出现

②The flowers which are coming out look so beautiful in the sun._(花)开放

③It was several weeks before the truth of the matter came out.显露；泄露

④I am confident that everything will come out right in time.结果是

⑤Since Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize, his fans have been eagerly waiting for his new novels to come out.出版；发行

　[系统归纳]

　[重点强化]

单句语法填空

⑥How did it come about that humans speak so many different languages?

⑦If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

易错对对碰(come out/publish)

⑧His online novel, which came_out last month, soon became a huge hit, so now he is planning to publish printing books next year.

佳句时时写

⑨(2016·浙江高考书面表达)我最后从比赛中脱颖而出并赢得了头等奖。

I finally came__out__of_the_contest as the first prize winner.

[名师指津]　come out表示“出版”时，为不及物动词短语，主语为物，没有被动语态；而publish表示“出版”时，为及物动词，可用于被动语态。

2．care about关心；顾虑；在乎

　[系统归纳]

　[重点强化]

单句语法填空

①(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)The text is especially helpful for those who care about their body shape.

②As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.

③Back from his two­year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.

④Take care to_spell (spell) every word and make sure they are all right.

佳句时时写(同义句转换)

⑤Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.

→Whatever you do, you must do it with_care.

3．形容词作状语

　[教材原句]　Brave,_good_and_strong,_Xiulian is the character we care about most.

　[自主体验]

①Seriously_injured (injure), some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.

②After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired (tire)．

　[归纳点拨]

　[佳句背诵]

①(增分要点句)Too nervous，I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.

②(增分要点句)Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“影视”子话题相对应

一、话题语素积累多一点

话题词汇记一记

子话题(一)　影视制作

子话题(二)　影视欣赏

常用词块忆一忆

①leading role 主角　　　　

②supporting role 配角

③silent film 无声电影 

④romantic film 爱情片

⑤action film 动作片 

⑥science fiction film 科幻片

⑦detective film 侦探片 

⑧horror film   恐怖片

⑨TV series   电视连续剧

⑩soap opera   肥皂剧

⑪talk show   脱口秀；谈话节目

⑫a series of   一系列的

⑬quiz show   智力竞赛节目

⑭the Spring Festival Gala   春节联欢晚会

⑮put on   上演

⑯film review   影评

⑰make a film  拍电影

⑱prefer  ...to  ...   喜欢……胜过……

⑲adapt  ...from  ...   根据……改编……

⑳play a role of   扮演……的角色

commercial interests   商业利益

go through   经历

tell of   讲述

try out for   试演

写作佳句背一背

①There is no doubt that an increase is possible in the investment in the movie industry and the number of quality movies.

②There is no doubt that cartoons play an important role in the development of children.

　　二、“分步写作”表达准一点

话题应用文分步写作

根据表格提示信息，写一篇关于电影《2012》的影评，词数80左右。

第一步：句写对——给词写句

star, tell of, direct, go through, satisfactory, a series of, take measures, protect our earth　　

1．《2012》是一部灾难电影，它由罗兰·艾默里克执导。

2012 is a disaster film and it is directed by Roland Emmerich.

 2.这部电影由John Cusack, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Amanda Peet, Oliver Platt, Danny Glover, Thandie Newton and Woody Harrelson主演。

The_film_stars_John_Cusack,_Chiwetel_Ejiofor,_Amanda_Peet,_Oliver_Platt,_Danny_Glover,_Thandie_Newton_and_Woody_Harrelson.

3．这部电影讲述了主要人物如何在由太阳活动异常引起的人类大灾难中幸存下来的故事。

The_film_tells_of_how_the_main_characters_survive_the_human_catastrophe_caused_by_unusual_sun_activity._

4．杰克逊擅长写小说，他和孩子们在黄石公园经历了一连串奇怪的事情。

Jackson_is_good_at_writing_novels_and_experiences_a_series_of_strange_things_with_his_children_in_Yellowstone_Park.

5．杰克逊和他的家人用互爱和对生命的尊重渡过了难关。

Jackson_and_his_family_go_through_the_difficulty_with_love_for_each_other_and_respect_for_life.

6．它是一部最令人满意的电影之一。

It_is_one_of_the_most_satisfactory_films.

7．从这部电影中我们知道人类应该采取措施来保护我们的地球。

From_it_we_learn_that_human_beings_should_take_measures_to_protect_our_earth.

8．如果我们不保护我们的地球，这样的灾难可能会在未来发生。

If_we_don't_protect_our_earth,_such_a_catastrophe_might_come_in_the_future.

第二步：量写够——语句扩充

9．在第6句前加上“我认为”并增加并列句“它真的可以被称为灾难电影之母”。

I_think_it_is_one_of_the_most_satisfactory_films_and_it_really_can_be_called_the_mother_of_all_disaster_movies.

第三步：语写美——词句升格

1．用过去分词短语作定语改写第1句。

2012 is a disaster film directed by Roland Emmerich.

2．用形容词短语作状语改写第4句。

Jackson,_good_at_writing_novels,_experiences_a_series_of_strange_things_with_his_children_in_Yellowstone_Park.

3．用if省略句改写第8句。

If_not,_such_a_catastrophe_might_come_in_the_future.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文

在简述电影情节时，可添加at last连句成文。

2012 is a disaster film directed by Roland Emmerich. The film stars John Cusack, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Amanda Peet, Oliver Platt, Danny Glover, Thandie Newton and Woody Harrelson.

The film tells of how the main characters survive the human catastrophe caused by unusual sun activity. Jackson, good at writing novels, experiences a series of strange things with his children in Yellowstone Park. At last Jackson and his family go through the difficulty with love for each other and respect for life.

I think it is one of the most satisfactory films and it really can be called the mother of all disaster movies. From it we learn that human beings should take measures to protect our earth. If not, such a catastrophe might come in the future.

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Although the main characters (人物) in this movie are true to life, they are imaginary.

2．The boss in that company is unwilling to employ female (女性的) workers.

3．The Last Supper is widely regarded as one of Leonardo da Vinci's masterpieces (杰作)．

4．This newspaper has six sections (部分)．Which one do you like best?

5．The plots (情节)of the books written by that writer are always surprising.

6．It was brave (勇敢的) of you to speak in front of all those people.

7．It doesn't interest (使感兴趣) me to know where you live or how much money you have.

8．He turned the channel (频道) to his favorite TV programme.

Ⅱ.语境语法填空

1．The book which came  ❶out last month proved to be a great success.The first time I read it, I immediately became ❷interested  (interest) in it.Every evening when I came home from work, exhausted, the book made me forget my tiredness. ❸It is generally agreed that the book is ❹entertaining (entertain) as well as educational.

2．There are some people we often meet in our daily life, while we meet some others only ❶occasionally (occasion)．However often we meet, we should care ❷about each other as well.Though sometimes we might ❸argue (argument), we should try to avoid quarreling, let alone fight against others.

3．It is ❶brave (bravery) of her to go into the burning building and rescue a boy.Hearing the story, we all felt greatly ❷moved (move)．

4．The thriller tells ❶of a story between the two young people.The ❷male_ (female)character is played by a very famous actor and the ❸actress  (act) is familiar to us all as well.

5．They have been ❶in love with each other for many years.But much ❷_to our surprise, they don't have a happy ending.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．让我最感兴趣的是文学书籍，尤其是名家的作品。(interest)

What_interests_me_most are literary books，especially those by famous writers.

2．这是我们可能会争论很长时间的一个话题。(argue)

This is a subject about/over_which_we_might_argue for a long while.

3．我们所关心的是他们的产品的质量。(care about)

What_we_care_about is the quality of their products.

4．正因为这本书涉及了这么多的问题，所以过了很长时间才能出版。(强调句，come out)

It_was_because it raised so many difficult questions that_the_book_took_a_long_time to_come_out.

5．又惊又怕，汤姆从房间里跑了出去。(形容词作状语)

Surprised_and_afraid,_Tom ran out of the room.

Ⅳ.短文填空

(Ⅰ)根据提示填空

In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs，ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows，❶have_received (receive) both commercial success and public attention.

Their popularity is ❷mainly (main) based on simple facts.First, they ❸care_about (关心) social concerns.Second, ❹without_exception (无一例外), they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.

Despite apparent highlights, much room ❺is_left (leave) for improvement.Above all, commercial interests often outweigh ❻educational (education) purposes, causing many complaints about the ❼unbearable (bearable) advertisements.In addition, some sharp remarks, although they are eye­catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.

In my opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely ❽entertaining (entertain) the public.As ❾is_expected (expect), these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the ❿media_ (medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.

(Ⅱ)片段选词填空

go in for， try out for， tear down， end up， turn out， get through， in case

The 15­year­old actor Reese Hartwig stars in this summer's newest movie, Earth to Echo.Recently Jack and Jill interviewed this kid actor.

JJ: How was your first audition?

Reese：My brother Ryan and I auditioned in the same building and on his birthday.Our agent said, “Why don't you each ❶try_out_for both parts？” I ❷ended_up booking the part he ❸went_in_for,_and he booked mine.That's how it started.

JJ: Is acting your dream job?

Reese: I've always wanted to be a plastic surgeon (整形外科医生), but I will need money from acting to ❹get_through college and medical school.Acting has been really fun, but you need a backup plan just ❺in_case.

JJ: Tell us about your new movie: Earth to Echo.

Reese：The movie's about three friends who live in a neighborhood that's being ❻torn_down_to build a freeway.Soon, the friends begin receiving strange messages on their cell phones.It ❼turns_out they find an alien, Echo. Then they try to help the alien and save the neighborhood.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心

Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空

1．(2018·浙江高考)This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.

2．(2017·江苏高考)They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female (male)  stranger.

3．(2017·江苏高考)CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining (entertain) tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts.

4．(2017·天津高考)I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.

5．(2016·四川高考)At dinner, we said to her, “Happy Mother's Day！” Mom was grateful and moved (moving)．

6．(2016·天津高考)I learned that if you fall_in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

7．(2015·陕西高考)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting_Actress (act), Anne Benedict went on to thank all the people who had helped in her career.

8．(2011·山东高考)Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally (occasion) when you go out.

9．(2011·广东高考) Scream 4 offers little more than a group of familiar characters wandering around a horror movie setting (set) and uttering self­referential one­liners as the body count mounts.

10．(2011·江西高考)Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband，who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read.

Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空

(选用argue, brave, interest, characters填空)

1．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)As a matter of fact, we can see this principle at work in people of all ages.For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about playing with their new toys.But their __44__soon wears off and by January those same toys can be found put away in the basement.interest

2．(2010·福建高考完形填空)Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors.When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese __36__ at my face, but I pushed them aside.My mom believed I would learn when I was ready.But the time never came.characters_

3．(2010·江西高考完形填空)When Alice started to cycle home from Jenny's house, she wasn't nervous.She was certainly not afraid of the dark.Besides, it was only a 15­minute ride home.But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadn't been so __37__.brave

4．(2009·江苏高考完形填空)While there are many benefits, opponents (反对者) point out problems with the new requirement.First, they__49__that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills.argue

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度

新高考下的命题新视角：电影是文化、教育、休闲和宣传的有力工具，对社会有深刻的影响，每年各国举办的大大小小的电影节让我们体验了电影艺术的魅力以及电影内容带给我们的震撼。高考选材也会倾向于此类话题，建议同学们平时多关注电影的最新动态，为高考储备知识量。

[话题感悟]

学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深

( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)

[1]US film director Spike Lee had been awarded the 20th annual Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize for his brilliance and unwavering (坚定的) courage in using film to challenge traditional thinking.

[2]The film­maker behind hits such as Malcolm X and Inside Man would receive approximately ＄300, 000.“I hadn't even heard of it，” Lee said, of the prize.“It was a phone call that came completely out_of_the_blue.It was one of the best phone calls I've ever had，” the 56­year­old man added.

[3]The late actress Lillian Gish, who died in 1993, required that the prize be given every year to a man or a woman who has made an outstanding contribution to the beauty of the world and to mankind's enjoyment and understanding of life.

[4]Previous recipients include some famous people from different fields — Frank Gehry, Bob Dylan, Arthur Miller and Robert Redford.Chosen from a shortlist of 30 people in the arts, Lee would be presented with the honour on 30 October, 2013 at New York's Museum of Modern Art.

[5]“Would you believe, two of the most important films that impacted me while I was studying at NYU starred Miss Lillian Gish？” Lee said in a statement, citing The Birth of a Nation and The Night of the Hunter.“Isn't it funny sometimes how life works？”

[6]Lee made his debut with She's Gotta Have It in 1986, closely followed by the groundbreaking Do the Right Thing in 1989, which landed Academy Award nominations for Best Original Screenplay, Best Film and Best Director.In 2013, he raised ＄1.25 million on the fan funding website Kickstarter towards his next movie project.Lee's latest film, BlacKkKlansman, starring John David and Adam Driver, is due to be released in the US Washington on August 10, 2018.

语篇解读：本文是一篇电影报道，介绍了美国电影导演Spike Lee和Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize的相关信息。

1．What do the underlined words “out of the blue” mean?

A．Partly.　　　　　　 B．Suddenly.

C．Normally. D．Briefly.

解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“I hadn't even heard of it”可推知，这是一个突如其来的电话。suddenly意为“突如其来地”，符合题意。故选B项。

2．The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize was established in the name of ________.

A．Lillian Gish B．Spike Lee

C．Frank Gehry D．Robert Redford

解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize是以Lillian Gish的名义设立的。故选A项。

3．What happened to Lee when he was studying at NYU?

A．He was a fan of Lillian Gish.

B．He got familiar with Lillian Gish.

C．He showed a talent for film­making.

D．He was influenced by Lillian Gish's films.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Would you believe, two of the most important films that impacted me while I was studying at NYU starred Miss Lillian Gish？”可知Lee在纽约大学学习的时候受到了Lillian Gish主演的两部电影的影响，故选D项。

4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Lee's first film is well thought of.

B．Lee is regarded as a productive director.

C．Do the Right Thing was a great success.

D．Kickstarter is short of money for Lee's next film.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“closely followed by the groundbreaking Do the Right Thing in 1989, which landed Academy Award nominations for Best Original Screenplay, Best Film and Best Director”可推知，Do the Right Thing是一部成功的电影。故选C项。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透

推理判断技法(1)——“三步法”巧解推理判断题

第一步：读懂题干，找准原文

原文句子是正确选项的来源。推理判断题的正确选项是原文句子的推论。我们可采用“关键词定位法”来找准原文，即：先看题干，抓住关键词汇，然后运用略读、查读技巧，定位到文章中与此题相关的段落和语句。

第二步：立足原文，只推一步

找准原文后，我们就以原文为依据，必须推一步，且只推一步。因此，直接摘抄原文信息的选项是错误的。依据原文，可以推出多个动作，我们应该选择最先发生的动作或原文动作后紧接着发生的动作，其他动作都是错误的。

第三步：合理推测，不乱推测

要忠于原文，合理推测，千万不要胡乱推测，以免得出脱离原文、凭空臆断的结论，或是与文章内容不相符甚至完全相反的结论，或是不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。

如上文第4题，根据最后一段中的“closely followed by the groundbreaking Do the Right Thing in 1989, which landed Academy Award nominations for Best Original Screenplay, Best Film and Best Director”可推知，Do the Right Thing是一部成功的电影。

Ⅰ.完形填空

Several years ago, my father took us to watch a World Series game. As we __1__ the stadium, we passed an open garage that led back into Yankee Stadium.I looked in and __2__ a bus.I stopped as my family __3__.When the garage door started going down __4__， I hit the ground, a notebook and a pen in hand, and rolled inside along with a few other kids.

As a stadium door opened, several __5__ came in the garage.They __6__ my notebook.I could feel my heart beat harder with each autograph. But where was Sandy, my favourite baseball player?

Finally, Sandy came in, __7__ he boarded the bus before I could get to him.So I climbed up the bus stairs and asked a player sitting in the front to pass my __8__ back to Sandy.It came back with his __9__.To my parents' great __10__， I was soon escorted (护送) out of the garage.I was floating in the air.The feeling of __11__ lasted for days.

With each new World Series season, I wonder what that day and those __12__ moments would have felt like if I hadn't been in it for __13__， but for the money that a sports star's signature might bring. I am so __14__ for that day, and for not knowing that an autograph could be worth anything more than a wonderful moment to be __15__ for a lifetime.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中讲述了自己儿时的一次索要棒球运动员签名的经历。每当回忆起这次经历时，他都感到美妙如初。

1．A.entered　　　　　　 B．left

C．returned to  D．got around

解析：选B　根据下文向棒球运动员索要签名可知，应是比赛结束离开(left)棒球场时。

2．A.stopped  B．caught

C．missed  D．spotted

解析：选D　作者往车库里瞧了瞧，看到(spotted)一辆巴士。

3．A.complained  B．talked

C．walked on  D．set off

解析：选C　当家人继续往出口走(walked on)的时候作者停了下来。

4．A.suddenly  B．eventually

C．repeatedly  D．slowly

解析：选D　根据本空后“rolled inside”可判断，当车库门缓缓(slowly)落下的时候，作者躺倒在地，和其他几个小孩一起滚了进去，手里拿着一本手册和一支笔。

5．A.players  B．parents

C．kids  D．drivers

解析：选A　体育场的门打开了，几名运动员(players)进入车库。本段最后的player也是答案提示。

6．A.noticed  B．signed

C．ignored  D．selected

解析：选B　根据本空后“with each autograph”可判断，他们在作者的手册上签了名(signed)。

7．A.so  B．but

C．for  D．as

解析：选B　最后Sandy终于出现了，但是(but)他在作者走近他之前就上了巴士。

8．A.notebook  B．ticket

C．present  D．baseball

解析：选A　作者爬上了巴士，并让坐在前面的球员帮他把签名手册(notebook)传给Sandy。上文多处出现的“notebook”也是提示。

9．A.warning  B．signature

C．note  D．encouragement

解析：选B　根据下文中“I was floating in the air.”可判断，作者拿到了Sandy的签名(signature)。

10．A.delight  B．shame

C．regret  D．relief

解析：选D　作者进到车库的时候父母并不知情，所以令父母感到宽慰(relief)的是，作者被护送出了车库。

11．A.adventure  B．surprise

C．satisfaction  D．anxiety

解析：选C　根据上文的描述可判断，作者拿到了Sandy的签名后，仿佛感到自己在空中漂浮，那种满足感(satisfaction)持续了好几天。

12．A.precious  B．critical

C．awkward  D．historic

解析：选A　每一个新赛季的到来，作者都会回想起那一天和那些珍贵的(precious)时刻，若是那天他不是因为热爱(love)而是为了钱而去索要签名的话会是一种什么感觉？

13．A.memory  B．love

C．inspiration  D．curiosity

解析：选B　参见上题解析。

14．A.upset  B．sorry

C．grateful  D．hungry

解析：选C　根据上下文的语境可判断，作者很感激(grateful)那一天，很庆幸他当时还不明白签名还有一些其他的用途。

15．A.accumulated  B．accounted

C．treated  D．preserved

解析：选D　作者当时还不明白签名还有一些其他的用途，作者感激它让自己拥有了一个值得一生珍藏的(preserved)美妙瞬间。

Ⅱ.语法填空

If there's one thing Canadians love celebrating, it's the anniversary of their own birth.In recent years, the birthday party __1__ (rise) to become one of the most tradition­rich scenes of contemporary Canadian culture.

During childhood, the birthday parties __2__ (arrange) by most parents will be held on the special day.It is __3__ good reason for the birthday boy or girl to gather up all his or her schoolyard buddies.And they spend the afternoon __4__ (hang) out.Since Canadian kids tend to be __5__ (fair) spoiled (溺爱) these days, more and  more parents choose to organize a big  birthday party for their children.Parties are now often expected __6__ (include) a visit somewhere entertaining, such as a swimming pool, or  a movie theatre, as well as a full meal __7__ all the guests.The guests' parents are supposed to buy the birthday boy or girl a nice present to express their sincere wishes.

As Canadians go into their teenage years and adulthood, they will have a __8__ (great) control over their own birthday plans.They can decide the activities in their parties __9__ such parties become  rarer than those in childhood due to various reasons.At any age, however, it's always important to acknowledge someone else's birthday with __10__ (kind) and warm wishes — even just with a text message.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大人的生日会。

1．has risen　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in recent years，可知应该用现在完成时。

2．arranged　考查非谓语动词。birthday parties和arrange是被动关系，所以此处用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词birthday parties。

3．a　考查冠词。泛指一个好理由，又因其修饰的good reason发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

4．hanging　考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。

5．fairly　考查副词。修饰动词spoiled，用副词形式fairly。

6．to include　考查非谓语动词。be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”。

7．for　考查介词。根据句意：有一顿为所有客人准备的丰富的晚餐可知，这里用介词for，表示“为……”。

8．greater　考查形容词的比较级。通过后面的“They can decide the activities in the parties”以及前面的内容对比，可知此处应该用比较级。

9．but　考查连词。他们能够决定他们生日会的活动，但是这种聚会却因为各种原因比童年时举办的更少了，空格前后是转折关系。

10．kindness　考查名词。至少带着善意和祝福去祝贺别人的生日一直都是很重要的。介词with后用名词形式kindness。