英语Unit 4 Natural disasters课时训练

课时分层作业(二十三)　

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.In September,1923，Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it.They had to be completely rebuilt.One of the most serious earthquakes was in China's Shanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake's strength on the Richter Scale.The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA.It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten.Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The Earth's crust(地壳)is made up of rock called plates.As these plates move，they sometimes crash(撞)against each other，causing the crust to quake.In cities such as Tokyo，where small quakes happen quite often，many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves，they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes.This can cause fire to break out，which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(海啸)．These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities.China，Japan，Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生)of earthquakes in the world.

1．The passage is mainly about________.

A．scientists who study the earthquakes

B．a usual natural disaster

C．the way of measuring earthquakes

D．what people should do in the earthquakes

2．The earthquake in Shanxi Province ________，which is NOT true?

A．happened in 1556

B．killed almost one million people

C．was the only earthquake in China

D．caused a lot of damage

3．Earthquakes________.

A．happen all over the world

B．are not serious

C．most possibly happen in Japan

D．don't cause much damage

4．According to the passage，we know that tsunamis ________.

A．can cause earthquakes

B．are caused by earthquakes

C．only happen on land

D．are a way of measuring earthquakes

【语篇解读】　中国和日本在历史上都曾发生过强烈的大地震，地震会给人类带来什么样的危害呢？

1．B　[主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了地震这种自然灾害，在世界各地，其实每年都会发生成百上千次地震，故选B。]

2．C　[细节理解题。从第一段最后两句“One of the most serious earthquakes was in China's Shanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.”可知C项错误。]

3．A　[细节理解题。通过全文以及常识可知B、C、D三项错误，由短文第一句“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.”可知A项正确。]

4．B　[细节理解题。从末段第三句“Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(海啸)．”可知B项正确。]

B

Standing in the middle of a yard crowded with soldiers，Luo Ming，a 31­year­old team leader of the Sichuan Emergency Response Volunteer Group，sees a threat(威胁)nearly as big as the earthquake that struck Western China's mountainous area on Saturday：too many volunteers.“The volunteers have created a certain kind of disaster themselves，”he says，obviously tired due to no sleep in 48 hours，“There are more volunteers than earthquake victims.They have no place to sleep，and nothing to eat，and most of them have no experience or training.”

Mr.Luo is in charge at the volunteer registration(登记)tent at the town centre of Longmen，where the earthquake has left thousands of people without shelter，food and water for three days.He has registered more than 500 volunteers，but he has turned even more than that away.“For some people，the biggest help that they can do for disaster areas is go back where they came from safely，”he says.

Authorities are trying to make sure that no more volunteers show up.Beijing announced a ban on private volunteers and civil society groups entering the disaster area for the time being，and several universities in Sichuan issued notices to their students asking them not to travel to the earthquake areas and encouraging them to donate blood instead.

One of the reasons for the government's decision is transportation difficulty：a large number of rescue vehicles and heavy car traffic make the roads impassable.On one stretch(一片地域)between Longmen and Taiping，traffic was so bad on Sunday morning that an injured woman was taken out of the ambulance，which was stuck in traffic，and carried by her husband on his back to seek medical attention.

5．Which of the following is TRUE of Luo Ming according to the passage?

A．He is a soldier.

B．He is in his forties.

C．He is overworking.

D．He has nothing to eat.

6．Why are more volunteers banned from entering the disaster areas?

A．They cannot give any help at all.

B．They bring more trouble than help.

C．They refuse to donate their blood.

D．They make the earthquake even worse.

7．The man had to carry his injured wife on his back to find a doctor because________.

A．the ambulance she had been in was stuck in traffic

B．her injury was too serious for her to be carried in any vehicle

C．a road accident made it impossible for the ambulance to go on

D．he thought it the best way to help her dear wife

8．What's the best title for the news item?

A．Earthquake Left Thousands Homeless

B．Earthquake Volunteers Create Challenge

C．Luo Ming，a Hard­working Team Leader

D．Transportation Difficulty in Disaster Areas

【语篇解读】　文章介绍了四川地震时志愿者给灾区造成的困扰。

5．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“‘The volunteers have created a certain kind of disaster themselves，’he says，obviously tired due to no sleep in 48 hours”可知C项正确。]

6．B　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“For some people，the biggest help that they can do for disaster areas is go back where they came from safely”和最后一段的叙述可推知B项正确。]

7．A　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“...traffic was so bad on Sunday morning that an injured woman was taken out of the ambulance，which was stuck in traffic，and carried by her husband on his back to seek medical attention”可知A项正确。]

8．B　[标题归纳题。根据对整篇文章的理解可知，本文主要讲的是四川地震灾区的志愿者给灾区造成的困扰，所以B项最适合用作本文标题。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Do you want to be a top student in your school? If so，you need to know the following.

Learn in a way that works for you.

____1____ This is called a learning style.Find a way and try to study in that way as much as you can.If you're not sure which is the best way for you，you can also ask your teacher for help.

____2____

The best thing that you can do is pay attention when your teacher is talking.If you might miss important information，you'll have a harder time understanding what to do.____3____

Learn how to take notes.

Taking notes can be difficult to do，but it will help you learn more easily.It means your grades will get better and you will get higher marks.____4____ Just write down the most important things and the things you know you'll have a hard time remembering.

Do your homework on time.

Even if you don't get very good grades on your homework，just doing it on time will help you make progress.Besides that，do your homework as well as you can.____5____ Both your classmates and your teachers will be willing to help you.

A．Pay attention.

B．Everyone learns best in different ways.

C．When you don't understand it，ask someone for help.

D．You can finish your homework more quickly when you study at home.

E．You don't have to write down everything your teacher says.

F．Start studying and preparing for the test as early as possible.

G．Sometimes you need much more time to pick it up at home.

【语篇解读】　你想提高学习成绩吗？如果想的话，下面的一些建议可能会对你有帮助。

1．B　[根据后文This is called a learning style.可知所说内容叫作学习风格，所以B项正确。]

2．A　[此处选小标题。根据第三段内容可知，学习最重要的是上课注意听讲，故A项正确。]

3．G　[根据上文If you might miss important information，you'll have a harder time understanding what to do.可知，如果你错过了重要的信息，你很难理解该做什么，可能还要在家里花更多的时间学习。]

4．E　[根据后文Just write down the most important things and the things you know you'll have a hard time remembering.可知记笔记只需要记下重要的和你需要记住的东西，不需要全盘记录。]

5．C　[根据后文Both your classmates and your teachers will be willing to help you.可知当你遇到不会的问题时，可以向他人寻求帮助。你的老师和同学都会乐意帮你的。]