（通用版）2021高考英语一轮复习考点二十七议论文练习（含解析）

考点二十七　议论文

Cloze 1
限时12分钟
Dear girls，
The dream itself comes from hard work, some good luck and good timing. Here are some words of wisdom as you __1__ your way in the world, from an entrepreneur (企业家) and your __2__.
In high school, I wanted to be a politician. I left my hometown for college in Washington D．C. There, I __3__ that I loved to support women. It taught me that I'm a creative, strong leader and great at marketing. __4__， I moved to be the head of a national health care non­profit. Becoming a mother opened my mind to __5__ a breast pump bag (储奶袋) business. Now I __6__ a highly successful company that I started up on my own. __7__ what you are good at and what you are passionate about. Keep an open mind.
Failure is __8__ to your success. I won't tell you to feel good about __9__. But I will tell you that every failure I've had along the way has absolutely made me __10__.
Failing the big math exam in high school was __11__. I eventually passed, and I've __12__ failed an exam again. I learned from that __13__ to ask for help. Now I ask for help in business __14__.
Being passed over for a significant job opportunity that I more than qualified __15__ hurt me. I was so depressed __16__ soon I got a big job at a national organization. It's okay to get angry! Take that and __17__ it into positive action.
I'm proud to be a role __18__ to you as a mom and an entrepreneur. I hope I inspire you to believe that you can be __19__ you want and you can have everything on your list. It will be my pleasure to watch your life __20__ before my eyes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是一位母亲写给女儿们的一封信。母亲通过介绍自己成功的经历想告诉她的女儿们：扬长避短，找出自己最擅长的领域、最热衷的事情，保持开放性思维；不要惧怕失败，在失败中学习，在失败中成长。
1．A.lose B．pay
C．get D．make
答案：D　当你们在社会上摸索前进时，这里有些至理名言送给你们。make one's way “前进，行进”。故本题选D。
2．A.aunt B．mama
C．uncle D．papa
答案：B　根据信件开头的称呼“Dear girls”以及最后一段中的“I'm proud to be a role __18__ to you as a mom and an entrepreneur.”可知，这里的智慧是在作为企业家以及妈妈的身份中总结出来的。故选B。
3．A.discovered B．informed
C．imagined D．developed
答案：A　结合四个选项可知，这里表示“我”发现“我”喜欢支持妇女。根据句意可知选A。
4．A.However B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Meanwhile
答案：B　由前一句中所述作者是“creative, strong leader and great at marketing”及第4空的句子所述作者升迁，获得了人生事业上的发展可知，前后两个单句在句意上具有因果关系，故选B。
5．A.pushing B．taking
C．launching D．pulling
答案：C　成为妈妈打开了“我”着手进行储奶袋生意的思路。故选C。
6．A.run B．close
C．leave D．work
答案：A　从上文可知，这位妈妈是一位企业家，故她经营着一家企业，选A。
7．A.Come out B．Work out
C．Hold out D．Figure out
答案：D　首先要弄清楚自己擅长什么和对什么具有热情，figure out “弄清楚”。故D符合语境。
8．A.pleasant B．convenient
C．critical D．different
答案：C　下文母亲介绍自己在失败中成长的经历，故这里她的意思是，失败对于成功非常重要，故选C。
9．A.justice B．failure
C．courage D．honesty
答案：B　“我”不是告诉你们要对失败有好感。下一句中的“that every failure”亦是提示，故选B。
10．A.worse B．bad
C．well D．better
答案：D　但“我”要告诉你们，每一次“我”人生成长道路上的失败都绝对让“我”变得更好。故选D。
11．A.embarrassing B．exciting
C．amusing D．inspiring
答案：A　高中数学大考不及格是令人尴尬的。根据句意可知选A。
12．A.ever B．always
C．never D．often
答案：C　“我”最终通过了考试，并且再也没有不及格过。根据语境可知选C。
13．A.accident B．experience
C．feeling D．memory
答案：B　“我”从那次的经历中学到了要懂得寻求帮助。根据句意可知选B。
14．A.all the time B．of all time
C．at a time D．in no time
答案：A　现在，“我”经常在生意上寻求帮助。故选A。
15．A.on B．to
C．for D．with
答案：C　与“我”非常有资格胜任的工作机会失之交臂，令“我”很伤心。be qualified for，表示“有资格的；有担任……的资格”。故选C。
16．A.or B．so
C．while D．but
答案：D　“我”当时非常沮丧，但是很快“我”在一个国家机构里得到了一份非常令人垂涎的工作。根据句意可知选D。
17．A.turn B．put
C．make D．get
答案：A　生气是没关系的！但关键是将其转化为积极的行动。故选A。
18．A.example B．star
C．symbol D．model
答案：D　作为一位母亲和企业家，“我”非常骄傲能够成为你们的榜样。role与model连用，意为“榜样；模范”。故选D。
19．A.anything B．nothing
C．everything D．something
答案：A　“我”希望“我”能够让你们相信，你们可以成为你们想成为的任何人并且得到你们清单上想得到的所有东西。根据句意可知这里用anything合适，故选A。
20．A.fold B．unfold
C．cover D．uncover
答案：B　“我”会非常高兴看到你们的全部人生在“我”眼前呈现的样子。根据句意可知这里选B。
Cloze 2
限时12分钟
This past weekend, I saw the movie Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. As part of the popular book and movie series Harry Potter, it was definitely one to remember.
This movie is mainly about a large­scale __1__ between wizards that takes place at Hogwarts over the course of the school year. Harry has __2__ the contest, which is known as The Triwizard Tournament, and many twists and turns make for quite the __3__ competition. True to Harry Potter form, the __4__ meet problems, tragedies, challenges, and mysterious behaviors that they are forced to __5__.

New characters were __6__ in this movie, which was an enjoyable aspect and added a new element of intrigue that the __7__ Harry Potter movies did not __8__. Furthermore, this installment of the series seemed to __9__ its original book the most closely and accurately. Also, this movie was a good __10__： not excessively long but long enough to tell the story. Another great aspect of the __11__ was the special effects, particularly relating to all of the scenes featuring the dragons.
This movie was also different from the rest __12__ it had more story concerning the characters' love. In one particular __13__， there was a dance that all of the tournament contestants were to __14__. The characters went to the ball, and it was so much fun to __15__. First of all, the scenery of the ball was beautiful, and it was so __16__ to actually feel like you were there! This was definitely one of the __17__ of the movie.
Overall, this was, in my opinion, the best Harry Potter film yet and __18__ the fantastical story of wizards and the world of Hogwarts extremely well. With the __19__ of new characters, the fast­paced nature of the film, and the added __20__ aspects, this movie was truly a great one.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，是对《哈利·波特与火焰杯》这部电影的评论，主要介绍了这部电影的新颖之处。
1.A.campaign B．fight
C．competition D．conflict
答案：C　根据下文的“Harry has __2__ the contest”中的“contest”可知，此处表示电影中有一场大规模的男巫比赛。
2.A.organized B．entered
C．quitted D．recorded
答案：B　根据语境可知，表示哈利·波特参加了这场比赛。
3.A.horrible B．cruel
C．fair D．adventurous
答案：D　结合“many twists and turns”可知，这场比赛具有冒险性。
4.A.characters B．soldiers
C．players D．adventurers
答案：A　根据“meet problems, tragedies, challenges, and mysterious behaviors”可知，电影中的人物遭遇各种问题、悲剧和挑战等。
5.A.account for B．work out
C．keep on D．go through
答案：B　结合“mysterious behaviors that they are forced to”可知，这些神秘的行为，需要电影中的人物搞清楚，弄明白。work out sth. “设法弄懂某事物”。
6.A.recognized B．honored
C．introduced D．praised
答案：C　根据语境及最后一段中的“With the __19__ of new characters”可知，在这部电影中增加了新的角色。
7.A.previous B．complex
C．fantastic D．thrilling
答案：A　结合“added a new element of intrigue”可知，增加了一种新的阴谋元素，这表明原先的电影中不具有这种新元素。
8.A.discover B．improve
C．express D．possess
答案：D　与“added”呼应，说明原先的《哈利·波特》系列电影中不具有这种新元素。possess意为“拥有；具有”，符合文意。
9.A.change B．follow
C．explore D．support
答案：B　根据“its original book the most closely and accurately”可知，电影非常忠实原著，即遵循原著的内容和情节等。
10．A.ending B．plot
C．length D．exhibit
答案：C　结合“not excessively long but long enough to tell the story”可知，这部电影的长度适宜。
11．A.movie B．book
C．show D．exhibit
答案：A　根据“the special effects, particularly relating to all of the scenes featuring the dragons”可知，此处指这部电影的其他方面，如特效等。
12．A.when B．if
C．though D．because
答案：D　根据“it had more story concerning the characters' love”可知，此处解释前面为什么说这部电影与其他电影不同。
13．A.condition B．scene
C．time D．stage
答案：B　结合下文的“there was a dance that all of the tournament contestants were to ...”可知，这里描述的是一个特殊的场景。
14．A.perform B．enjoy
C．attend D．act
答案：C　结合“there was a dance”可知，有一个舞会，所有的人都参加这个舞会。
15．A.watch B．dance
C．sing D．read
答案：A　根据语境，此处表示欣赏电影中的这个舞会场景有很多的乐趣。watch “看，欣赏”。
16．A.attractive B．colorful
C．real D．cool
答案：D　与“fun, the scenery of the ball was beautiful”呼应，指电影的场景非常漂亮，你会有一种身临其境的感觉，这真是太酷了。
17．A.effects B．highlights
C．meanings D．results
答案：B　指上文关于这个舞会的描述，是电影中的一个亮点。
18．A.portrays B．explains
C．proves D．analyses
答案：A　根据“the fantastical story of wizards and the world of Hogwarts extremely well”可知，这部电影已经极好地描绘了男巫的奇幻故事和霍格沃茨的世界。portray “描写，描绘”。
19．A.expect B．influence
C．help D．addition
答案：D　与“New characters were __6__ in this movie”呼应，指增加了新的人物角色。
20．A.mysterious B．violent
C．romantic D．moral
答案：C　与“it had more story concerning the characters' love”呼应，指这部电影还描绘了人物间浪漫的爱情。
Cloze 3
限时10分钟
Have you ever seen a car without a driver? It sounds crazy, but these computer­driven cars will soon be __1__ roads near you. Companies like Google and Tesla have been designing and __2__ these cars.

So how do they work? The cars have sensors all around which can __3__ other cars and __4__ on the road. Road signs are read by __5__， and satellite navigation systems are used so the car knows how to get to your __6__. All you have to do is type in the address! Finally, a central computer system takes in all the __7__ it receives from the sensors and cameras and processes this to work out when to __8__， brake and steer on the road.
__9__ like your idea of heaven? Sitting back, looking out __10__ the windows or reading a book while “driving” would be __11__ with this new technology. You wouldn't have to worry about remembering __12__ to where you're going. In addition, computers would also drive more __13__ than people—they don't get distracted by music or friends, and they have quicker reaction time in case of a(n) __14__.
However, there are many __15__ of driverless cars. I personally find driving fun—I'd miss being behind the wheel myself. There would also be many __16__ decisions to be made—should children, or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves? __17__， many people would be put out of work with the __18__ of driverless cars.
I'm not __19__ I'd want a driverless car—but it's only a matter of time __20__ they'll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，论述了无人驾驶汽车的利与弊。
1．A.covering B．filling
C．damaging D．paving
答案：B　不久，无人驾驶汽车将填满你周围的路面。fill在此意为“填满”。
2．A.trying out B．carrying out
C．ruling out D．figuring out
答案：A　动词短语try out在此意为“测试”，符合文意。carry out “执行，实施”；rule out “排除……的可能性”；figure out “弄明白，计算出”。
3．A.scan B．explore
C．approach D．detect
答案：D　这些感应器能探测出路面上其他的车辆和障碍物。
4．A.drivers B．systems
C．obstacles D．objects
答案：C　名词obstacle是“障碍物”之意，符合文意。
5．A.sensors B．cameras
C．wheels D．computers
答案：B　后面一句“a central computer system takes in all the ... it receives from the sensors and cameras”有提示。故安装在车上的摄像头能读出道路标志。
6．A.destination B．attraction
C．organization D．institution
答案：A　使用卫星导航系统让你的汽车知道怎样到达目的地。
7．A.news B．advice
C．knowledge D．information
答案：D　中心电脑系统接收它从传感器和摄像头收到的所有信息。
8．A.fly B．accelerate
C．sail D．cycle
答案：B　只有accelerate(加速)与汽车驾驶动作有关。
9．A.Sound B．Look
C．Smell D．Taste
答案：A　听起来是再好不过的事情了吧？此处表示“听起来”，故选A。
10．A.for B．over
C．of D．into
答案：C　动词短语look out of是“向外看”之意，符合文意。
11．A.challenging B．troublesome
C．practical D．potential
答案：D　形容词potential在此是“可能的”意思，符合文意，故选D。
12．A.instructions B．directions
C．conditions D．motivations
答案：B　你不必担心要记住去目的地的路径。direction在此指“方向”，故选B。
13．A.effectively B．smartly
C．smoothly D．safely
答案：D　后面提到电脑驾驶汽车不会分心，故无人驾驶汽车会更安全。safely “安全”，符合文意。
14．A.emergency B．accident
C．event D．fire
答案：A　出现紧急情况时，无人驾驶汽车的反应时间更快。emergency “紧急情况”，故选A。
15．A.advantages B．drawbacks
C．functions D．applications
答案：B　本段主要讲无人驾驶汽车存在的问题，故drawback(缺点)符合文意，故选B。
16．A.technical B．athletic
C．cultural D．legal
答案：D　后面所举例子“小孩或酒醉的人是否能单独乘坐无人驾驶汽车？”属于法律法规问题，故选D。
17．A.However B．Therefore
C．Besides D．Anyhow
答案：C　此处进一步指出无人驾驶汽车带来的弊端，前后句存在递进关系，故选C。
18．A.help B．popularity
C．disappearance D．invention
答案：B　随着无人驾驶汽车的普及，很多人会失业。popularity “普及”，故选B。
19．A.delighted B．touched
C．annoyed D．convinced
答案：D　“我”不确信“我”是否需要无人驾驶汽车。convinced “确信”，符合文意。
20．A.before B．after
C．since D．while
答案：A　but表示语意转折，虽然我不确信自己会不会需要无人驾驶汽车，但无人驾驶汽车的普及只是一个时间问题。before意为“在……之前”，符合文意。
Cloze 4
限时10分钟
Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom. Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will __1__.
Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed. The __2__ experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you __3__ learn more from your “failures” than you do from your __4__. If you have made what you think be a mistake or failed to live up to your own __5__， you will most likely put up a barrier between your essence and the part of you that is the alleged (声称的) wrong­doer.
However, viewing past actions as __6__ implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming. __7__， forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself. Forgiveness is the act of erasing an __8__ debt. There are four kinds of forgiveness.
The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.
The second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for another.
The third kind of forgiveness is __9__ forgiveness of yourself. This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep __10__. When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual __11__.
In such a case, you need to work very hard at __12__ yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap. This does not __13__ that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret, __14__ taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged period of time is not healthy.
The __15__ and perhaps most difficult one is the advanced forgiveness of another.
At some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems __16__.
However, harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you __17__ in victimhood. Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture. By so doing, you will be able to __18__ the focus away from the anger and resentment.
It is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and __19__ the memory. When you can __20__ release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是原谅的四种基本类型，即原谅自己的小错、原谅别人的小错、原谅自己的大错、原谅别人的大错。作者告诉我们，最困难的是原谅别人的大错，尽管很难做到，我们也要努力去做，因为只有这样，才能活得自在。
1．A.turn out B．turn up
C．break up D．break out
答案：A　根据上文“you can never quite be certain how ... ”可知，A项“结果是；证明是”符合语境，即你无法确定未来的情形会是什么样子。turn out “结果是”，故选A。
2．A.important B．engaged
C．failed D．successful
答案：C　根据下文“are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful”可知，这里是将失败的尝试和成功的尝试进行比较。C项意为“失败的”，符合语境。故选C。
3．A.obviously B．necessarily
C．continuously D．usually
答案：D　根据“in fact”以及上文可知，此处承接上文，指我们通常从失败中学到更多。D项意为“通常”，符合语境。故选D。
4．A.success B．failure
C．fault D．benefit
答案：A　根据上文“The __2__ experiments, however, are no less valuable than ... prove successful”可知，失败的经历比成功的经历更珍贵，所以此处指从失败中学到的东西比从成功中学到的更多。故选A。
5．A.ability B．expectations
C．belief D．experiences
答案：B　live up to one's own expectations意为“达到某人自己的期望”，符合语境，即当你认为自己所想的是一个错误或者没有达到自己的期望的时候。故选B。
6．A.mistakes B．victories
C．experiments D．fantasies
答案：A　根据空格后的“implies guilt and blame”可知，A项意为“错误”，符合语境，指把过去的行为视为错误意味着内疚和自责。故选A。
7．A.Still B．Therefore
C．Instead D．However
答案：B　联系上下文可知，空格前后两句话是因果关系。B项意为“因此；所以”，符合语境。故选B。
8．A.absurd B．original
C．emotional D．unusual
答案：C　根据常识并结合选项可知，原谅是一种清除感情债的行为。C项意为“感情的”，符合语境。故选C。
9．A.ordinary B．advanced
C．alternative D．certain
答案：B　根据上文“beginner forgiveness for yourself”和“beginner forgiveness for another”以及倒数第四段中的“advanced forgiveness of another”可知，此处指“advanced forgiveness of yourself”，即原谅分成四种：对自己和别人的初级原谅(原谅自己和别人较小的错误)、对自己和别人的高级原谅(原谅自己和别人较大的错误)。故选B。
10．A.wisdom B．mercy
C．injury D．shame
答案：D　根据上文的“serious misbehaviors”可知，此处指自己带有深深的愧疚之意。D项意为“惭愧；羞愧”，符合语境。故选D。
11．A.thought B．approach
C．behavior D．purpose
答案：C　根据上文“misbehaviors”和“a gap between your standards and your actual __11__”可知，空格处是与“standards(标准)”相对的概念。C项意为“行为”，符合语境。故选C。
12．A.punishing B．forgiving
C．blaming D．praising
答案：B　根据下文“so that you can close this gap”可知，空格处指要努力原谅自己。B项意为“原谅”，符合语境。故选B。
13．A.mean B．prove
C．reflect D．represent
答案：A　句意：这并不意味着你要立刻原谅自己，或者一点也不感到愧疚。A项意为“意味着；意思是”，符合语境。故选A。
14．A.and B．or
C．but D．so
答案：C　根据前文中的“rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret”和设空后的“taking pleasure in”可知，前后句为转折关系，C项意为“但是”，表转折，符合语境。故选C。
15．A.uncertain B．premier
C．next D．last
答案：D　上文提到，原谅一共分为四种类型，上面已经列举了三个，且根据下文“the advanced forgiveness of another”可知，这里指最后一种类型。故选D。
16．A.essential B．valuable
C．impossible D．unavoidable
答案：C　根据上文“you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person”可知，当你被一个人冤枉或伤害很深时，原谅似乎是不可能的。C项意为“不可能的”，符合语境。故选C。
17．A.trapped B．located
C．lost D．occupied
答案：A　句意：然而，心怀愤怒和报复的幻想只会让你陷入受害者的困境之中无法自拔。A项意为“使陷入困境”，符合语境。故选A。
18．A.drive B．drag
C．put D．shift
答案：D　根据上文“you should force yourself to see the bigger picture”可知，这样有助于你将重心从愤怒和怨恨的情绪中转移，shift ... away from ... 意为“将……从……转移”。故选D。
19．A.keep B．refresh
C．weaken D．clean
答案：D　根据“through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and”可知，空格处应与前面的“erase”相呼应，即通过原谅，你可以抹去错误、除去不好的记忆。D项意为“除去”，符合语境。故选D。
20．A.naturally B．finally
C．definitely D．initially
答案：B　句意：当你最终能够从中解脱，你便可能把原谅看成是成长中一个必要的组成部分。B项意为“最终地；最后地”，符合语境。故选B。

Cloze 1
限时12分钟
(2019·郑州一中高三摸底测试)The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must __1__ sixty hours of service learning, __2__ they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. __3__ of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. __4__ a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a __5__ about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many __6__ of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think __7__ their own interests and become __8__ of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real life skills that __9__ responsibility, problem solving, and working as part of a team. __10__， students can explore possible careers __11__ service learning. For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month.
__12__ there are many benefits, opponents __13__ problems with the new requirements. First, they __14__ that the main reason why students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is time­consuming, students spend __15__ time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without __16__ goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an individual's freedom to choose.
In my view, service learning is a great way to __17__ to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. __18__， I don't believe you should force people to help others—the __19__ to help must come from the heart. I think the best __20__ is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility, and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了高中毕业生是否要参加60小时服务学习的问题。
1．A.spend B．gain
C．complete D．save
答案：C　根据上文中的“The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community.”和下文中的“they will not receive a diploma”可推知，所有高中毕业生必须完成(complete)60小时社区服务学习，故选C。
2．A.and B．or
C．but D．for
答案：B　根据语境可知，前后句表示选择关系，表示“否则，他们将不能取得文凭”。or “否则”。
3．A.Subjects B．Ideas
C．Procedures D．Examples
答案：D　根据下文中的“include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student”可知，此处表示举例，故选D。
4．A.With B．Before
C．During D．After
答案：C　根据语境可推知，此处表示在服务学习期间学生应该做的事情，故选C。
5．A.diary B．report
C．note D．notice
答案：B　与语境“students must keep a journal”呼应可推知，学生不仅要记日记，之后还要写相应的报告(report)。
6．A.courses B．benefits
C．challenges D．features
答案：B　根据第三段第一句中的“there are many benefits”和该空前的“Supporters”可推知，此处表示支持者认为这样做益处(benefits)多多。
7．A.beyond B．about
C．over D．in
答案：A　因为是“service learning”，因此学生考虑更多的是被服务对象的利益，而不是自己的利益。beyond “超出”，符合语境。
8．A.careful B．proud
C．tired D．aware
答案：D　学生开始意识到其他人的需要。be aware of “意识到”，符合语境。
9．A.possess B．apply
C．include D．develop
答案：C　根据语境可知，“responsibility, problem solving, and working as part of a team”都属于生活技能，故选C。
10．A.Gradually B．Finally
C．Luckily D．Hopefully
答案：B　本段列举了服务学习的种种益处，此处表示最后一种益处。finally “最后”，符合语境。
11．A.through B．across
C．of D．on
答案：A　根据语境可推知，此处表示通过(through)服务学习学生可以探索可能(从事)的职业。
12．A.So B．Thus
C．Since D．While
答案：D　根据空后的“opponents”和上文中的“Supporters”形成对比可推知，此处表示转折，故选D。
13．A.deal with B．look into
C．point out D．take down
答案：C　根据语境可知，此处表示反对者们指出了这些新要求的一些问题。point out “指出”，符合语境。
14．A.argue B．doubt
C．overlook D．admit
答案：A　根据与上文中的“Supporters claim”形成对比可推知，此处表示反对者的观点，argue “主张”，故选A。
15．A.much B．full
C．less D．more
答案：C　根据语境“Because service learning is time­consuming”可推知，服务学习的时间多了，学习核心科目的时间自然就会减少，故选C。
16．A.cost B．pay
C．care D．praise
答案：B　根据上文中的“all students must __1__ sixty hours of service learning”可推知，服务学习是学生完成学业的一部分，因此是没有报酬的，故选B。
17．A.contribute B．appeal
C．attend D．belong
答案：A　此处表示“在我看来，服务学习是对社区有所贡献、学习新技能和探索不同职业的好方法”。contribute to “对……做贡献”，符合语境。
18．A.Therefore B．Otherwise
C．Besides D．However
答案：D　根据语境可推知，空处前后表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。
19．A.courage B．desire
C．emotion D．spirit
答案：B　与语境“force people to help others”形成对比可推知，此处指心甘情愿为他人服务，故选B。
20．A.decision B．purpose
C．solution D．result
答案：C　根据语境可推知，作者此处提供了一种很好地解决这一问题的方案，solution “解决办法”，符合语境，故选C。
Cloze 2
限时12分钟
(2019·湖南永州高三模拟)Although it might not always feel like it, life is ridiculously short. It probably wouldn't mean much or be worth much if it lasted forever. Because it's so __1__， with the limited time that you have, I recommend __2__ something worthwhile, and if you dare, something amazing.
Think of your life as a major project, with a __3__. Every day, every week, month and year, you get the opportunity to either work on __4__ it, piece by piece, one section at a time or you can sit back and watch it __5__.
That's life. __6__ some point, you have to be improving just to __7__ where you are. At the end of it all, you will get to look at your __8__ in its entirety, the life you've created, and how you will feel will depend on how good of a __9__ you think you did compared to whatever __10__ you live by.
Regardless of the outcome, will you be __11__ knowing you did what you could or will you be filled with __12__ knowing you could have easily done a better job?
Life is too short to __13__ getting started.Forget New Years or your next birthday or whatever life __14__ you're waiting to occur. If there is something you want to do, to create, to __15__ in this life, start doing it now __16__ whatever it is you're waiting to __17__ before beginning might not ever happen. Then what? __18__ your life just waiting and waiting and waiting?
The deadline for this project is __19__. It can be due at any moment. So for the love of life, stop __20__ and get started!
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。生命太短暂了，我们应抓住眼前的机会，立即行动，将人生工程做到极致。
1．A.rough B．comfortable
C．short D．colorful
答案：C　上文已经提到了“life is ridiculously short”，因此这里表示人生短暂。
2．A.receiving B．creating
C．observing D．discovering
答案：B　根据空格所在句“I recommend __2__ something worthwhile, and if you dare, something amazing”及第三段中的“the life you've created”可知，此处指由于时光短暂，所以“我”建议人们创造有价值的东西。
3．A.condition B．goal
C．partner D．deadline
答案：D　与上文提到的“life is ridiculously short”呼应，指我们的人生是一个带有截止日期的重大工程。且最后一段中的第一句“The deadline for this project is __19__”也是提示。
4．A.improving B．studying
C．designing D．exploring
答案：A　由下文的“or you can sit back (或你可以袖手旁观)”可知，此处情况与之相反，表示你可以每天、每周、每月都提升你的生活。
5．A.come up B．idle away
C．break up D．cut down
答案：B　与前面的sit back “袖手旁观”并列，此处指你也可以坐等时光的流逝。
6．A.In B．On
C．At D．For
答案：C　at some point为固定短语，意为“在某个阶段”。
7．A.clarify B．consider
C．see D．stay
答案：D　结合空格后面的“where you are”可知，此处指有的时候，我们需要提升自己来保持自己现有的位置。
8．A.project B．equipment
C．document D．preparation
答案：A　与上文提到的“Think of your life as a major project”一致，指你会看到你的整个人生工程。
9．A.deal B．job
C．research D．favor
答案：B　根据下文的“you could have easily done a better job”可知，此处指你所做工作的优秀程度。
10．A.expectation B．religion
C．standard D．prediction
答案：C　根据前面的“how good of a __9__ you think you did compared to”与后面的“you live by”可知，此处指你生活所遵循的标准。
11．A.satisfied B．disappointed
C．confused D．frightened
答案：A　根据空格前面的“Regardless of the outcome”和后面的“knowing you did what you could”可知，此处指无论什么结果，你会因自己做了力所能及的事情而感到满意吗？
12．A.courage B．pleasure
C．confidence D．regret
答案：D　与前面的“be __11__ knowing you did”情形相反，此处指你是否会因本可以轻易地把工作做得更好而感到后悔？
13．A.risk B．avoid
C．allow D．practice
答案：B　根据空格前面的“Life is too short to”和后面的“getting started”可知，生命太短暂了，再也不能耽误时间了，要立即行动。
14．A.accident B．incident
C．emergency D．event
答案：D　与前面的“Forget New Years or your next birthday”呼应，此处指你等待发生的人生事件。
15．A.experience B．quit
C．choose D．exchange
答案：A　与前面“If there is something you want to do, to create”提到的“想要的事情，想创造的事情”呼应，指人生中想要体验的事情。
16．A.until B．though
C．unless D．because
答案：D　解释前面“start doing it”的原因，因此用because引导原因状语从句。
17．A.receive B．happen
C．win D．reward
答案：B　根据空格后面的“before beginning might not ever happen”可知，此处指无论你等待着什么事情发生。
18．A.Waste B．Turn
C．Send D．Put
答案：A　后面的“just waiting and waiting and waiting”说明等待是一种浪费生命的方式。
19．A.reasonable B．important
C．unknown D．ridiculous
答案：C　根据空格后面的“It can be due at any moment.”可知， 这项人生工程的截止日期是未知的。
20．A.waiting B．bargaining
C．choosing D．talking
答案：A　与前面的“for the love of life”和后面的“get started”呼应，指如果热爱生命的话，就停止等待，马上开始行动吧。
Cloze 3
限时14分钟
(2020·陕西省百校联盟TOP20联考)Life is a learning __1__. Various experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person.__2__ each passing day we learn to __3__ various situations.
Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward (不归路) and become __4__. In the early stage of our life, our __5__ are the ones who give us unconditional love and __6__. They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to __7__ this for granted. It is only after __8__ and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others' feelings.
Materialistic happiness is short­lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a(n) __9__ on others' face gives a sense of fulfillment. Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without __10__. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in __11__. Sorrow is basically due to __12__ of a loved one, failure or despair. But these things are __13__ and pass away.
Failure is the path to success. It teaches us to __14__ and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self­respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our __15__ clear. The only way to show our __16__ to God for giving success on us is by being modest and respectful to the less __17__ ones.
Life teaches us not to __18__ over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our __19__. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be interesting or __20__. So the only alternative is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。人生就像一个包裹，这个包裹里藏着快乐与悲伤、成功与失败。人生也是一个学习的过程。生活中的不同经历教会我们处理各种各样的问题。
1．A.way B．process
C．method D．technique
答案：B　根据下一句，生活中的不同经历教会我们不同的学问，会让我们变得更好，可知人生是一个学习的过程。故选B。
2．A.On B．For
C．In D．With
答案：D　随着每一天的过去，我们学会了处理各种各样的问题。with “随着……”。故选D。
3．A.handle B．meet
C．face D．remove
答案：A　日复一日，我们学会了处理各种问题。handle “处理”，符合语境。故选A。
4．A.unwilling B．kind
C．cruel D．sad
答案：C　没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得残忍。根据“go hayward”走向不归路的提示，可知此空填cruel “残忍”。故选C。
5．A.relatives B．teachers
C．mothers D．parents
答案：D　在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的爱和关照。根据常识，此空填父母最恰当。故选D。
6．A.food B．care
C．money D．courage
答案：B　在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的爱和关照。care “关照”，符合语境。故选B。
7．A.take B．make
C．think D．regard
答案：A　然而我们常常认为这理所当然。take ... for granted是固定搭配，“认为……理所当然”。故选A。
8．A.learning B．growth
C．marriage D．education
答案：C　只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。根据having kids推测此空填marriage符合语境。故选C。
9．A.expectation B．wish
C．smile D．excitement
答案：C　幸福是可以通过给别人带来微笑而获得的满足感。根据句意，C项正确。
10．A.plan B．dream
C．wealth D．peace
答案：D　根据上一句中的“Peace of mind”的提示可知答案。故选D。
11．A.debt B．trouble
C．sorrow D．danger
答案：C　根据下一句“Sorrow is basically due to”中的sorrow的提示，可知此处为过渡句，引出对sorrow的描写。故选C。
12．A.foolishness B．death
C．disappointment D．depression
答案：B　悲伤基本都来自于爱人的去世、失败还有绝望。
13．A.temporary B．shocking
C．fearful D．terrible
答案：A　根据and后pass away可知，这样的事情都是暂时的，总会过去的。temporary “临时的”。故选A。
14．A.quit B．value
C．struggle D．survive
答案：D　根据前文“失败是成功之母”可知，它教会我们如何生存，它指引给我们一条具体的路。故选D。
15．A.hearts B．heads
C．hands D．ears
答案：B　保持头脑清醒便显得尤为重要。keep one's head clear “保持头脑清醒”。故选B。
16．A.gratitude B．faith
C．respect D．hope
答案：A　唯一能让我们感激上帝给予的成功便是始终谦虚并且尊重没有我们幸运的人们。 gratitude “感激”，符合语境，故选A。
17．A.famous B．clever
C．fortunate D．rich
答案：C　根据空格前“唯一让我们感激和尊重的是没有让我们幸运的人”，fortunate “幸运的”，符合语境，故选C。
18．A.forget B．regret
C．upset D．reflect
答案：B　人生教会我们不要对过去的事感到后悔，因为过去的终究是过去了并且我们已无法控制。故选B。
19．A.control B．knowledge
C．belief D．repair
答案：A　过去的事我们没有办法控制。beyond one's control “难以控制”。故选A。
20．A.meaningful B．colorful
C．happy D．dull
答案：D　没人知道明天会怎样，因为它可以是有趣的也可以是无趣的。either ... or ... “要么……要么……”。
Cloze 4
限时12分钟
(2020·河南省南阳一中高三第三次月考)“What's all this tree－planting for？” I was asked when I began writing about __1__ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not __2__ “As I get older, all I really __3__ is to plant trees，” Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is __4__ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.
There are __5__ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or self­sown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, __6__ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the __7__ trees are doing us (cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new __8__. Yet we keep a feeling of __9__ for them. This may account for the __10__ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a tree­protecting charity) __11__.
Trees need __12__， which is why I, a city­resident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, __13__ my hopes of planting long­lived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their __14__. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all __15__ against them.
But I did not __16__ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are __17__. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are __18__ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land __19__ pesticides (杀虫剂)? Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own __20__. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And tree­planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了树木给人带来的好处并指出自然界的平衡需要维系。
1．A.replacing B．restoring
C．recycling D．returning
答案：B　replace “替代”；restore “恢复”；recycle “回收利用”；return “归还”。根据文章倒数第三句中的“restore”并结合选项和句意可知，此处指作者恢复(restore)在萨默塞特购买的那片土地。故选B。
2．A.rich B．weak
C．alone D．social
答案：C　根据下文引用了Prince Charles的话——“我开始变老，我所想的就是种树”，可见他与作者有相同的观点，因而作者说自己not alone。故选C。
3．A.apply for B．wait for
C．make for D．long for
答案：D　apply for “申请”；wait for “等待”；make for “有助于”；long for “渴望”。结合语境及选项意思可知，此处表示唯一渴望的就是种树。故选D。
4．A.filmed B．tracked
C．reflected D．discovered
答案：A　film “拍摄”；track “追踪”；reflect “反射”；discover “发现”。根据 documentary(纪录片)可知，此处指BBC纪录片的拍摄。故选A。
5．A.holy B．young
C．mature D．mysterious
答案：C　holy “神圣的”；young “年轻的”；mature “成熟的”；mysterious “神秘的”。根据下文提到这些树生长在几年以前甚至几个世纪前，因而推测出这些树是成熟的(mature)。故选C。
6．A.raise B．watch
C．ignore D．abuse
答案：C　分析句子结构，此处动词并列使用，意思相近，再结合句意可知，我们忽视了生活在其中的其他生物，故此处选择ignore。
7．A.honor B．good
C．credit D．justice
答案：B　honor “荣誉”；good “好处”；credit “信用”；justice “正义”。根据“clean the air” (净化空气)的举例可知，这里是表述树木的好处。故选B。
8．A.use B．spirit
C．life D．hope
答案：A　结合语境可知，人们忽视树木的好处，为了新的用途(use)而砍树。故选A。
9．A.trust B．sadness
C．betrayal D．affection
答案：D　trust “信任”；sadness “悲伤”；betrayal “背叛”；affection “喜爱”。根据yet表示转折，上文写我们忽视了树木给我们带来的好处，砍伐它们，然而我们内心对树木还是有喜爱之情的。故选D。
10．A.approval B．opposition
C．option D．dilemma
答案：B　approval “支持”；opposition “反对”；option “选择”；dilemma “困境”。上文提到对树木的喜爱，这里应该是反对政府卖树。故选B。
11．A.wins B．rejects
C．requires D．withdraws
答案：A　此处表示Woodland Trust (树木保护组织)赢得了广泛的支持。win表示“赢得”，故选A。
12．A.space B．time
C．company D．nutrition
答案：A　作者在1999年买下萨默塞特林地是因为树木生长需要空间(space)。故选A。
13．A.since B．for
C．yet D．so
答案：D　句意：气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿的橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。前后表示因果关系。故选D。
14．A.benefits B．chances
C．location D．appearance
答案：B　benefit “益处”；chance “机会”；location “位置”；appearance “外表”。由于气候的变化以及下一句提到的各种灾害，作者想种一些寿命长的橡树、松树的愿望逐渐变成了对它们是否有生长机会的忧虑。故选B。
15．A.piling up B．speeding up
C．keeping up D．mixing up
答案：A　pile up “堆积”；speed up “加速”；keep up “保持”；mix up “混合”。狂风、干旱、洪水共同聚集来阻碍树木生长。故选A。
16．A.wish B．intend
C．allow D．expect
答案：D　expect “期待；预料”。根据下文内容可知，林地发展之快是作者意料之外的事。故选D。
17．A.in place B．in order
C．in decline D．in question
答案：C　in place “适当的”；in order “整齐”；in decline “下降”；in question “考虑中的”。上文提到树木在疯长，由but转折可知生物的数量应该在减少(in decline)。故选C。
18．A.even B．still
C．ever D．once
答案：B　根据but转折可知，蜜蜂和蝴蝶只有很少的数量，但仍然有。故选B。
19．A.short of B．sick of
C．free of D．full of
答案：C　short of “缺乏”；sick of “厌恶”；free of “摆脱”；full of “充满”。句意：如果这片土地上的生物摆脱了杀虫剂，又怎么会发生这样的事情呢？故选C。
20．A.glory B．function
C．impact D．balance
答案：D　glory “荣誉”；function “功能”；impact “影响”；balance “平衡”。根据最后一句提到restoring my balance可知，我们要给自然机会去维持自身的平衡。故选D。