高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修8 Unit 24 Society Word版含解析

这是一份高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：选修8 Unit 24 Society Word版含解析，共15页。



[话题素材]
好词
1．encourage v. 鼓励
2．medical adj. 医疗的
3．depressed adj. 沮丧的
4．spare v. 抽出
5．urgent adj. 紧急的
6．represent v. 代表
7．remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事
8．show respect to 对……表示尊敬
9．treat sb. as 把某人看作
10．support a family 养家
11．participate in 参加
12．make a contribution to 对……做出贡献
13．have a sense of humor 有幽默感
14．build_up trust 建立信任
15．benefit from 从……中获益
佳句
1．They need for an increase in numbers of surgeons so_that patients may be treated as soon as possible.
需要增加外科医生的人数，以便患者能够及早得到救治。
2．As_we_know,_they differ with you on this subject.
据我们所知，他们同你在这个问题上是有分歧的。
[精美语篇]
Work hard and be thrifty
First of all，we should work hard and study hard. As we know, hard work can lead to success. If people want to make more money or want to make greater achievements, they must devote themselves to their work. As students, if we want to do well in our studies, we should also spend more time and work hard. Then we can gain more knowledge and improve our abilities so that we can be admitted to good universities and in the future we can find more satisfying jobs.
On the other hand, we should live a thrifty life. Resources should be saved. For example, we should save water, food and electricity. Never waste money. We should also promote waste recycling as possible as we can. As for us senior school students, I think concentrating on our study and wearing plain clothes is a good way to be thrifty.
In a word, I think both working hard and being thrifty are equally important in our life and study.

高频单词
1．voluntary (adj.) 自愿的→volunteer (v.) 自愿做→volunteer (n.) 志愿者
2．abundant (adj.) 大量的→abundance (n.) 大量
3．signature (n.) 签名→sign (v.) 签名；打手势 (n.) 招牌；迹象；符号
4．govern (vt.) 统治，管理→governor (n.) 统治者，总督→government (n.) 政府
5．burden (n.) 重担，负担
6．adjustment (n.) 调整，调节→adjust (vt.) 调整，调节，使适应
7．diverse (adj.) 各种各样的→diversity (n.) 多样性，差异
8．resign (vt.&vi.) 辞职→resignation (n.) 辞职
9．elect (vt.) 选举，推选→election (n.) 选举
10．merciful (adj.) 宽大的，仁慈的→mercy (n.) 宽容，仁慈
11．collision (n.) 相撞→collide (v.) (使)碰撞
12．packet (n.) 小包，小盒→pack (vt.) 把……打包
13．rot (vt.&vi.) 腐烂→rotten (adj.) 腐烂的
14．edition (n.) 版本→edit (vt.) 编辑；校订→editor (n.) 编辑；编者，校订者
15．undertake (vt.) 着手做，从事
16．thirst (n.) 口渴→thirsty (adj.) 口渴的
17．container (n.) 容器→contain (vt.) 包含；装有
18．sentence (n.) 判决 (v.) 宣判
19．furthermore/moreover (adv.) 而且，此外
20．consequently (adv.) 所以，因此→consequent (adj.) 作为结果的
重点短语
1．come_into_being　形成，存在
2．wind_sb._up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)
3．show_off 炫耀，夸耀
4．knock_into_sb. 撞上某人
5．break_into 闯入
6．on_principle 根据原则
7．keep_an_eye_on 照看；密切注视
8．sentence_sb._to_death 判某人死刑
9．well off 经济上宽裕的，处境好的
10．take sth. seriously 认真对待
11．above all 最重要的是；首先
12．do away with 废除；取消
13．at risk 冒险
14．the other way round 相反的
15．contribute to 促进；有助于
16．take into account 考虑，注意，体谅

热点句型
1．it's high time that sb. did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了”
As a society, it's_high_time_that_we_took these issues more seriously.(教材P34)
作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。
2．would rather后宾语从句用虚拟语气
I'd rather you didn't mention that.(教材P35)
我宁愿你不要提那件事。
3．what if引导的条件状语从句
What_if some married people have affairs？(教材P36)
要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？
4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier to keep an eye on people's movements.(教材P38)
然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。
教材复现
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Besides, we're all taxpayers so the more we earn, the ________ tax we have to pay to those who govern us.
答案：more
2．In this spending circle, on the one hand, we accumulate possessions but never feel like we have enough. ________ the other hand, we work towards the ownership of bigger and ________ (good) houses and cars and never have time to enjoy them.
答案：On; better
3．As a society, it's high time that we took these issues more ________ (serious)．
答案：seriously
4．Above all, we should remember that “being” and “doing” are much more important than ________ (have)．
答案：having
5．If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be ________ (require) and there would certainly be diverse reactions.
答案：required
6．Beijing's hutongs are particularly famous, ________， as there are thousands of them.
答案：however
7．The majority of Beijing's hutongs were built between the 13th ________ 19th centuries during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
答案：and
8．By connecting people's homes, the hutongs in fact connected people's lives, ________ the lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary citizens.
答案：whether
9．Many new hutongs were quickly built to house the ________ (increase) population but these were poorly made.
答案：increasing
10．The hutongs not only link Beijing's streets and communities after all, but also its past and present, ________ (show) that Beijing is truly an ancient yet modern city.
答案：showing









1　　


There have also sadly been abundant cases of violence at home.(P33)
令人伤心的是，在国内也有大量的暴力案件。

(1)be abundant in＝be rich in 富于……，……很丰富
(2)abundance n. 丰富
an abundance of 丰富的……
in abundance 大量地，丰富，富裕
(3)abundantly adv. 丰富地，大量地；十分清楚地，非常明白地
①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]Sometimes giving from our need instead of our abundance is just what we need to do!
有时候在自己不富有的情况下为他人提供帮助恰好是我们需要做的事情。
②[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ]There were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons－a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.
30多亿的旅鸽占据了美国鸟类总数的24%～40%，使其或许成为了世界上种类最丰富的鸟。
③[牛津词典]We have abundant proof of his guilt.
我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。
④[牛津词典]It is a land abundant_in minerals.
那是一片矿产丰富的土地。
⑤[朗文词典]The park has an_abundance_of wildlife.
这个公园有大量的野生动植物。
⑥[朗文词典]Wild flowers grow in_abundance on the hillsides.
山坡上长满了野花。
2　　


Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.(P34)
相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来支付贷款。


(1)be a burden to/on 是……的负担；加给某人的重担
bear/carry/reduce/share the_burden 承受/担负/减少/分担重担
(2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 装载……；使……负担……
be burdened with... 负重；为……所累
①[人教⑩－2]The burden of government sits heavily on my shoulders.
治理国家的重担落在我的肩上。
②[2013·北京高考]We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be_a significant burden_on the family budget.
我们都知道给家庭供热的费用将一直是家庭预算的一项重大负担。
③[牛津词典]His invalid father is becoming a_burden_to him.
他父亲体弱多病，对他渐渐成了累赘。
④[牛津词典]I don't want to burden you with my problems.
我不想让我的问题给你添加负担。
⑤[牛津词典]Industry is heavily burdened_with taxation.
工业为重税所累。

易混辨析

burden
表示“负担，担子”，多为贬义
load
表示“装载物，负荷，工作量”，也可指“思想上的负担，压力”，loads of/a load of 很多
[一言辨异]
They don't want to add to their parents' burden,_so it takes a load off their mind to leave the child in their charge.
他们不想给父母增加负担，所以让他们放下思想上的包袱，他们自己会支付孩子的费用。
⑥用load/burden的适当形式填空
a．The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their ________.
b．There are ________ of places to see in Australia.
c．Pupils of China today are ________ with a lot of academic tasks.
答案：a.loads　b．loads　c．burdened
3　　


His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.(P35)
他的老板坚持要他更长时间地工作，所以他辞职了。


(1)resign from 辞去……职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 听从……，顺从……
resign one's job/post/position 辞去工作/职位
(2)resignation n. 辞呈；辞职
①[牛津词典]She resigned her directorship and left the firm.
她放弃了董事职务，离开了公司。
②He has resigned_from three of the many offices he held.
他已经辞去他所担任的众多职务中的三个职务。
③[朗文词典]I resigned_myself_to paying the fees.
我只好付了费。
④[牛津词典]She seems resigned_to_not_having a holiday this year.
她对今年不休假似乎并无怨言。
4　　

There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader.(P36)
这个城镇的每个地区都有一个领导人，而且每个城镇都有一个选出来的领导人。


(1)elect sb. (to be/as) 选举某人为……
elect to_do sth. 选择做某事；决定做……
elect sb. to... 选举某人进入……
(2)election n. 选举；推举；当选
run_for an election 参加竞选
win the election 赢得选举
①[朗文词典]What are the chances that a Democrat will be elected president?
民主党人当选为总统的机会有多大？
②[朗文词典]She was first elected_to congress in 1988.
她于1988年首次入选国会。
③[牛津词典]She elected_to_become a lawyer.
她决定做律师。
④[2013·湖南高考]Have you heard about the recent election?
你听说了最近的选举了吗？
⑤[朗文词典]She won_the_election by a large margin.
她以较大优势在选举中胜出。
易混辨析

elect
“选举”，指通过正式方式选择，后接人及所任职位
choose
“选择，抉择”，用途最广，指一般的“选择”，作“抉择”时侧重意志或判断
select
“精选”，指在同类的许多东西中，仔细慎重地加以选择，标准较为严格
⑥用elect/choose/select的适当形式填空
a．He ________ to learn German rather than French in school.
b．I ________ four postcards and handed them to the cashier.
c．Obama was ________ president of America for the second time.
答案：a.chose　b．selected　c．elected
5　　


Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.(P38)
胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。


①[2015·湖北高考]We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us whether/if you can undertake the task or not.
现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。
②[朗文词典]The country undertook a massive reform of its legal system.
国家进行法律体制的大规模改革。
③[2013·江西高考]The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake_to_direct the distribution of aid.
联合国组织(UNO)可以来指导援助的分配。
④I can't undertake_that you will make a profit.
我不能担保你会获利。
6　　

In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.(P40)
在过去的100年里，美国有23人已被错误地判处死刑，有另外400件案例遭质疑。


(1)serve a sentence 服刑
pass/give sentence on sb. 给某人判刑
a_death/life sentence 死刑/无期徒刑
(2)sentence sb. to sth. 给某人判……刑(常用被动语态)
be sentenced_to death/three years in prison 被判死刑/三年徒刑
①[2014·湖北高考]I first saw this sentence when I entered junior high school.
我第一次看到这句话是在我上高中时。
②[牛津词典]The judge passed_sentence_on the prisoner.
法官宣布了对犯人的判决。
③[牛津词典]She has served her sentence,_and will now be released.
她已服刑期满，现即将获释。
④[朗文词典]He was_sentenced_to life in prison for the murder.
他因谋杀罪被判终身监禁。
⑤The murderer was_sentenced_to death.
杀人犯被判处死刑。
－特别提示－
sentence最常见的意思是“句子”；sentence当“判决，宣判，判刑”讲时既可作名词，也可作动词，常用被动语态。
7　　


He had sustained a broken back while working in the mines. Consequently, he spent the rest of his life in a wheel chair.(P41)
他在矿井工作时被压断了脊骨，结果，下半辈子都与轮椅为伴了。


(1)consequence n. 结果，后果
as a consequence/result＝in consequence 因此；结果
in consequence of＝as a consequence of 由于……的缘故；因而
take/face the consequences 承担后果
(2)consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的
①[2014·湖南高考]To deal with these problems, conse－quently,_I have worked heart and soul to create my own magic neutral water pen.
为了解决这些问题，因此我全心全意地工作来创造我自己的圆珠笔。
②[牛津词典]My car broke down and consequently I was late.
我的汽车坏了，所以我迟到了。
③[人教⑥－4]The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.
海平面升高的后果将是洪水泛滥。
④[牛津词典]She was found guilty, and lost her job in_consequence_of it.
她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。
⑤[朗文词典]He died as_a_consequence_of injuries he received in the accident.
他在事故中受伤致死。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．This generation of young people is likely to be ________ (burden) with greater debts than ever before.
答案：burdened　此处考查过去分词表示被动。
2．[牛津词典]There was good food ________ abundance at the party.
答案：in　in abundance“大量地”。
3．[朗文词典]Burton resigned ________ the company yesterday.
答案：from　resign from “辞去……职务”。
4．[2013·上海高考]The school board is made up of parents who have been ________ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.
答案：elected　此处考查现在完成时的被动形式。
5．[牛津词典]He understood ________ (finish) the job by Friday.
答案：to finish　understand to do “答应做某事”。
6．He was sentenced ________ a six months imprisonment.
答案：to　be sentenced to “被判处……”。
7．[朗文词典]He didn't study and ________ (consequence) failed the final exam.
答案：consequently　副词consequently在句中作状语修饰动词failed。

1　　


If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.(P34)
如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要做巨大的调整，而且人们的反应也一定会各有不同。



①[2013·安徽高考]As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango (探戈舞) came_into_being.
随着这些不快乐的初到者聚集到了城市中的贫穷区，一种被叫做探戈的舞蹈出现了。
②[外研⑤－6]In the 1990s the shawls came_into_fashion among rich people.
20世纪90年代，披肩在富人中流行起来。
③[朗文词典]As we turned the corner, the town came_into_view.
我们拐过弯后，小镇便映入眼帘。
④[朗文词典]The new law comes_into_effect tomorrow.
这项新法律将于明天生效。
2　　


Nobody has any desire to show off...(P36)
没有人有炫耀的想法……

(1)show up 出现，露面；(使)显眼，(使)显现
show sb./sth. up 揭发……
show sb. in/out 领某人进来/出去
show sb. around/round a place 带某人参观某地
show sb. the_way_to 领某人去某地
(2)(be) on show＝(be) on display 在展出
①[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ改编]The lion tamer uses a chair to show_off his skill.
驯兽师运用椅子来炫耀他的技巧。
②[外研⑥－1]Although some people like to show_off their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans.
虽然有些人喜欢炫耀自己的财富，但对大多数美国人而言，收入是一件非常隐私的事情。
③It's really good of you to spend so much time showing me around.
你真是太热情了，花这么多时间带我参观。
④[朗文词典]It was 9：20 when he finally showed_up.
9点20分时他终于露面了。
⑤[牛津词典]The dust on the shelf shows_up in the sunshine.
在阳光照射下能看见架子上有灰尘。
3　　

There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road！(P36)
一周至少有一次汽车交通事故，今天我几乎撞上了一个横穿马路的人！



图解助记

①He would almost knock_into me before he saw me.
他几乎要撞到我时才看到我。
②I knocked_into an old friend of mine in the park yesterday.
我昨天在公园里碰见一位老朋友。
－特别提示－
knock into表示“撞上”时，相当于run into；表示“遇上”时，相当于come across, meet with或meet by chance。
③[牛津词典]She was_knocked_down by a bus.
她被公共汽车撞倒了。
④[牛津词典]What time do you knock_off work?
你什么时候下班？
⑤[朗文词典]He knocked_out his opponent in the fifth round.
他在第5回合击昏了对手。
⑥[朗文词典]I've_been_knocking_at/on the door for five minutes.
我敲门都敲了5分钟了。
过关演练
选词填空

1．[2013·重庆高考]At around the same time, mental hubs ________.
答案：came into being
2．It was ten o'clock when he finally ________.
答案：showed up
3．[牛津词典]The child danced around the room, ________ to everybody.
答案：showing off
4．He was in such a hurry that he almost ________ me.
答案：knocked into

1　　
What if...？意为“如果……将怎么办？”可以看作What will happen if...？的省略形式；还可表示“即使……又有什么关系”，看作是What does it matter if...的省略形式。


(1)how come 意为“……是怎么回事，为什么”。可以单独(后面不接成分)出现在对话的语境中(实质上是省略上文提到的事情)，也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。
(2)So what？口语用法，认为某事无关紧要，尤其用于反驳他人的指责，意为“那又如何？”。
①[牛津词典]What_if it rains when we can't get under shelter?
假若下起雨来，我们又没处避雨可怎么办？
②[朗文词典]What_if we get stuck out there in the snow?
如果我们被困在雪地里怎么办呢？
③[牛津词典]He's fifteen years younger than me. So, what_if he is?
他比我小十五岁。即使如此，又有什么了不起？
④[朗文词典]How_come you didn't tell me this before?
你以前怎么没告诉我这件事？
⑤—Andrew won't like it, you know.
—So_what? I don't care what Andrew thinks!
——你知道安德鲁是不会喜欢的。
——那又怎样？我才不在乎安德鲁怎么想呢！
2　　They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs， which made it easier to keep an eye on people's movements.(P38),然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。
句中made it easier是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to keep an eye on people's movements。


(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，当“独一无二的官衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。
(3)在英语中，动词let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, hear等后要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但被动句中，省掉的to必须加上。

①People in the west make_it_a_rule_to_buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
西方国家的人常在圣诞节时购买礼物给亲属和朋友。
②This makes_it_possible for agriculture and industry to_develop quickly.
这使工农业有可能很快发展。
③We made_him_monitor of our class.
我们选他为班长。
④[2013·山东高考]She let me see that making others feel good makes_me_feel good too.
她让我明白了使他人开心，也会使自己开心。
⑤[2014·湖南高考]Make_what_you're_doing_today_important,_because you're trading a day of your life for it.
重视你今天正在做的事，因为你为此付出了生命中的一天。
过关演练
Ⅰ.选词填空

1．—Linda didn't invite us to the party.
—________？ I don't care.
答案：So what
2．________ the train is late?
答案：What if
3．________ you didn't tell me earlier?
答案：How come
Ⅱ.完成句子
4．He makes ________ a rule ________ take part in some physical labor though he is old.
虽然年龄已大，他仍习惯于参加一些体力劳动。
答案：it; to
5．Can you easily make yourself ________ in English?
你能用英语轻易表明你的意思吗？
答案：understood
6．What made you ________ to become a lawyer?
是什么让你决定成为一名律师？
答案：decide

情态动词&虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况
1．虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等词的从句中，从句谓语用“(should)＋动词原形”。包括：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order, command)；三要求(demand, require, request)；四建议(advise, suggest, propose, recommend)。
①[2014·福建高考]Tenyson suggested that we ________ (buy) the lady a flower.
答案：(should) buy　句意：Tenyson建议我们为这个女士买花。
2．虚拟语气用在“It's time that...”结构中，从句谓语用“过去式/should＋动词原形”。
②It's high time that we ______ (get) down to work.
答案：got/should get　句意：是我们开始工作的时候。
3．虚拟语气用在would rather从句中，从句对现在或将来虚拟用过去式，对过去虚拟用过去完成式。
③[2014·陕西高考]We would rather our daughter ________ (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
答案：stayed　句意：我们宁愿女儿和我们呆在家里，但是那是她的选择，她不再是个孩子了。
4．虚拟语气用在as if (as though)引导的从句中，对现在虚拟用过去式；对过去虚拟用过去完成式；对将来虚拟用would＋动词原形。
④[2014·重庆高考]It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ____ (do) it.
答案：had done　根据句意，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。
过关演练
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．[2013·陕西高考]My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.
答案：should　suggest“建议”后宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)＋动词原形。
2．It's high time that the article ________ (be) published.
答案：were/should be　It's (high) time that...结构中，从句谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形。
3．(1)Henry would rather that his girlfriend ________ (work) in the same department.
(2)I would rather you ________ (not say) it.
答案：(1)worked　(2)hadn't said　would rather后的that从句，对现在虚拟用过去时；对过去虚拟用过去完成时。
4．(1)He treated me as though I ________ a stranger.
(2)He talked as if he ________ (be) abroad.
答案：(1)were　(2)had been　as if/though引导的状语从句中，对现在虚拟用过去时；对过去虚拟用过去完成时。