2022秋新教材高中英语综合检测北师大版选择性必修第四册

这是一份2022秋新教材高中英语综合检测北师大版选择性必修第四册，共17页。

综合检测
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分　阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Meg Wolitzer is an American novelist whose new book, The Female Persuasion, is out now, published by Riverhead Books.
Mrs. Bridge by Evan S．Connell
I can’t count how many copies of this book I have given to friends as gifts. I consider it a perfect novel, filled with wit and human tragedy in equal measure. The novel, published in 1959, takes place in the years leading up to the Second World War, and the title character is an upper-middle-class housewife living in Kansas City, Missouri. Connell’s brilliant and sad novel of a woman’s household life, social life, inner life, and continual need to rely on convention, is a pleasure to read.
The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers
The heroine of this beautiful novel from 1946, Frankie Addams, is only 12 years old, a tall girl whose brother is getting married. This is a classic coming of age story that doesn’t get talked about as often as it should. Upon re-reading it, I was reminded of how much it has to say about growing up and entering the world as an individual, but it also has powerful words in it about racism, spoken by the housekeeper, Berenice.
Charlotte’s Web by E．B．White
When I think of this marvellous book, I always remember that it was the first book I ever cried over. The fact that readers mourn the death of a spider is evidence of E．B．White’s ability to create characters so deeply that we feel for them as if we actually know them. Charlotte’s Web is all about empathy, as seen through the friendship between a spider and a pig.
(　　)1．When was Mrs. Bridge published?
A．In 1959． B．In 1990．
C．In 1946． D．In 1957．
(　　)2．Which book should have gained more attention according to Meg Wolitzer?
A．Mrs. Bridge. B．Charlotte’s Web.
C．The Female Persuasion. D．The Member of the Wedding.
(　　)3 . What kind of book is Charlotte’s Web?
A．An adventure story. B．A fairy tale.
C．A love story. D．A science fiction.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者最喜欢的三本书：《布里奇夫人》《婚礼成员》《夏洛的网》。
1．A　细节理解题。根据Mrs. Bridge by Evan S．Connell段中的 “The novel, published in 1959, takes place in the years leading up to the Second World War…”可知Mrs. Bridge这本书出版于1959年。故选A项。
2．D　细节理解题。根据The Member of the Wedding by Carson McCullers段中的 “This is a classic coming of age story that doesn’t get talked about as often as it should. ”可知The Member of the Wedding这本书本应获得人们的更多注意。故选D项。
3．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Charlotte’s Web is all about empathy, as seen through the friendship between a spider and a pig. ”可知这本书讲到蜘蛛和猪的友谊，可以推断出这是一本童话书。故选B项。
B
Helping yourself to a cup of coffee may seem like a small, everyday thing. But it is not the case if you are quadriplegic (四肢瘫痪者). Quadriplegics have lost the use of all four limbs. Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriplegics have hope.
One of the participants in his experiments, a 58-year-old woman who is paralyzed and unable to use any of her limbs, can now pick up a bottle containing coffee and bring it close enough to her mouth to drink from it using a straw. She does so using a thought-controlled robotic arm fixed to a nearby stand. It is the first time she has managed something like that since she suffered a stroke, nearly 15 years ago.
Arms are more complicated pieces of machinery than legs, so controlling them via electrodes (多波段电极) attached to the skin of someone’s scalp (头皮) is not yet possible. Instead, brain activity has to be recorded directly. And that is what Dr Donoghue is doing. Dr Donoghue and his team have had small, multichannel electrodes implanted in the parts of the motor cortexes (运动皮质) of participants’ brains associated with hand movements.
Dr Donoghue and his team decoded signals from their participants’ brains as they were asked to imagine controlling a robotic arm making present movements. The woman and other volunteers were then encouraged to operate one of two robot arms by thinking about the movements they wanted to happen. When the software controlling the arms detected the relevant signals, the arms moved appropriately. The arm that the woman used to help herself to a drink is a lightweight device developed by DLR, German’s Aerospace Centre, as part of its robotics program.
Dr Donoghue and his colleagues have thus shown that a mechanical arm can be controlled remotely by the brain of a person with paralysis. Controlling an arm that is attached to the individual’s body will be trickier, but in time even that may be possible. In the meantime, a robotic arm attached to a wheelchair will be a real soon.
(　　)4．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Controlling a robotic arm via electrodes attached to the scalp.
B．Recording the activity of brain and implanting electrodes.
C．Controlling a robotic leg via electrodes attached to the scalp.
D．Controlling a mechanical arm attached to the individual’s body.
(　　)5．Which statement may the author agree with?
A．Thanks to the research by Dr Donoghue and his colleagues, a paralyzed woman can get herself a drink.
B．The woman in the experiment drinks a bottle of coffee with a robotic arm attached to her scalp.
C．The woman is encouraged to control the mechanical arm by moving her body.
D．The robotic arm the woman used is remoted by DLR.
(　　)6．What’s the author’s attitude to the future of the robotic arm attached to quadriplegics?
A．Pessimistic. B．Objective.
C．Controversial. D．Optimistic.
(　　)7．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Quadriplegics can use the artificial limbs developed by Dr Donoghue and lead a good life by themselves.
B．The newly-developed thought-controlled robotic arms can help the paralyzed in their daily life.
C．Scientists have invented a kind of robotic arm attached to the individual’s body.
D．A quadriplegic can be on his feet again due to the new invention.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗德岛布朗大学的John Donoghue和他的同事正在开展一个项目，使得四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。他们研究出了可由思想控制的机械手臂。在他的实验中，一位58岁的瘫痪女性，四肢不能移动，现在她可以拿起一个装着咖啡的瓶子，把它放到嘴边，用吸管喝咖啡。Donoghue博士和他的同事由此证明，瘫痪病人的大脑可以远程控制机械手臂。
4．B　代词指代题。根据上文 “Arms are more complicated pieces of machinery than legs, so controlling them via electrodes(多波段电极) attached to the skin of someone’s scalp(头皮) is not yet possible. Instead, brain activity has to be recorded directly. ”可知手臂是比腿部更复杂的机械，因此通过连接在头皮上的电极来控制它们还不可能。相反，大脑的活动必须直接记录下来。由此可知，记录大脑活动并植入电极正是Donoghue博士正在做的事情。故that指的是“记录大脑活动并植入电极”。故选B项。
5．A　细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriplegics have hope. ”可知多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的John Donoghue和他的同事正开展的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。以及第二段中 “One of the participants in his experiments, a 58-year-old woman who is paralyzed and unable to use any of her limbs, can now pick up a bottle containing coffee and bring it close enough to her mouth to drink from it using a straw. ”可知在他的实验中，一位58岁的瘫痪女性，四肢不能移动，现在她可以拿起一个装着咖啡的瓶子，把它放到嘴边，用吸管喝咖啡。由此可知，A选项“多亏了Donoghue博士和他的同事们的研究，一个瘫痪的女人可以自己喝一杯饮料”，作者会同意这种论述。故选A项。
6．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “Controlling an arm that is attached to the individual’s body will be trickier, but in time even that may be possible. In the meantime, a robotic arm attached to a wheelchair will be a real soon. ”可知控制附在身体上的手臂将会更加棘手，但假以时日，这也可能成为可能。与此同时，安装在轮椅上的机械手臂将很快成为现实。由此可推知，作者对附着于四肢瘫痪者的机械手臂的未来持乐观态度。故选D项。
7．B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中 “Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriplegics have hope. ”可知多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的John Donoghue和他的同事开展的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。结合文章主要内容，由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是新研发的由思想控制的机械手臂可以帮助瘫痪者的日常生活。故选B项。
C
Food experts say washing could spread the germs (细菌) on your turkey in the kitchen sink to nearby food. But it’s been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop washing uncooked poultry (禽肉). Germs that can make people sick are common in the body of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the germ.
The do-not-wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn’t caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safety expert at North Carolina State University, said the natural tendency to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important.
But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs from poultry can be spread even if it’s not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.
The USDA-funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E．coli (大肠杆菌) and watched volunteer cooks at tested kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the germ to their cabbage. But even some of those who did not wash the chicken got germs on the cabbage. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.
To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer (温度计) to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren’t out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.
(　　)8．People don’t accept USDA’s advice because________.
A．the advice is relatively new
B．cooks clean the turkey before cooking it
C．cleaning seems more trustworthy
D．heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food
(　　)9．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．Germs from chicken can be spread if it is washed.
B．Germs from poultry can be spread even if it’s not washed.
C．Hands and surfaces are easy to get E．coli.
D．Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.
(　　)10．Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?
A．Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.
B．Keep the turkey away from the cabbage and refrigerator.
C．Wash hands and packages before taking out the turkey.
D．Wash the turkey before it is heated.
(　　)11．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A diary. B．A novel.
C．A guidebook. D．A magazine.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品专家说清洗火鸡可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调，无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。
8．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中查普曼说，美国农业部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建议相对较新，但可能还没有流行起来，因为这违背了人们普遍认为的“清洗可以使东西干净”的观念，由此可知，人们不接受美国农业部的建议是因为清洗似乎更值得信赖。故选C项。
9．B　主旨大意题。根据第四段可知，在那些清洗生鸡肉的人中，约四分之一的人最终将细菌传播到生菜上，但即使是一些没有清洗鸡肉的人，生菜上也有细菌，火鸡身上的细菌还有其他生存的机会：解冻和烹饪。由此可知，不管火鸡是否被清洗，它身上的细菌都会传播。B项符合第四段大意。故选B项。
10．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer(温度计) to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. ”由此可知，用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。故选A项。
11．D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “Food experts say washing could spread the germs(细菌) on your turkey in the kitchen sink to nearby food. ”及第四段中的 “But even some of those who did not wash the chicken got germs on the cabbage. ”及通读全文可知，本文介绍的主要内容属于科学，结合所给选项因此这篇文章最有可能出自于杂志。故选D项。
D
Before she leaves home in San Francisco, California, Jennifer Schaefer, puts on long sleeves and a big hat she calls her “personal umbrella”. With her fair skin, red hair, memories of bad childhood sunburn, and a family history of skin cancer, Schaefer is painfully aware of the danger of exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线) radiation, which accounts for the vast majority of skin cancers.
So she finds it unbelievable how few people bother with sun safety, with most preferring sun worship to sun protection. “In our culture, it’s almost funny to be too protected，” she says, highlighting the way her friends tease her when she puts on her bathing suit—a protective “rash guard” top and knee-length board shorts. “We’re slowly starting to become aware of the long-term effects of the sun, but it’s like global warming—people are not going to make serious changes until they feel a direct impact. ”
That impact has helped push Australians, who are famous for sun loving, into changing their behaviour. With its high solar ultraviolet levels and mostly fair-skinned population, Australia has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world. But after decades of increase, the melanoma(黑色素瘤) rate began to stay at a steady level in the mid-1990s. The incidence of melanoma among young people’s is now falling, as national surveys show that most Australians—more than 70% of adults and 55% of adolescents—no longer prefer a tan(棕褐色)．
A 2013 study shows that, in addition to Australians, a handful of countries—notably New Zealand, Canada, Israel, Norway, the Czech Republic(for women) and the United States(for white men)—have melanoma rates that are declining or stabilizing among young people.
Back in San Francisco, Jennifer Schaefer is doing her best to educate the next generation. Her eldest daughter automatically puts on a hat to go outside. “Habits really start in children—it is like brushing your teeth，” she says.
(　　)12．By describing Schaefer’s bathing suit, the author suggests that Schaefer______.
A．does not mind the teasing by her friends
B．attaches great importance to sun protection
C．goes to extreme measures to avoid the sun
D．is more interested in surfing than sunbathing
(　　)13．What do New Zealand and Canada have in common?
A．Sun protection programs are developing quickly.
B．Their citizens prefer to be pale rather than get tanned.
C．Skin cancer rates are not increasing among the young.
D．Women and white men have the lowest rates of melanoma.
(　　)14．What function does the final sentence have?
A．It makes the conclusion more meaningful.
B．It makes a complex concept easier to understand.
C．A serious topic is made more cheerful and attractive.
D．A familiar example supports the point made by the author.
(　　)15．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To help individuals know how to make medical decisions.
B．To call for more research into ultraviolet radiation effect.
C．To draw the public’s attention to ultraviolet radiation effect.
D．To honor a mother for her research into ultraviolet radiation.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章以Jennifer Schaefer为例，说明了她对防晒的重视，以及分析了澳大利亚等国家最近几年皮肤癌发病率的数据，发现除了澳大利亚，少数几个国家皮肤癌发病率在年轻人中没有增加。
12．B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Schaefer皮肤白皙，头发红润，童年时曾被晒伤，有皮肤癌家族史，她痛苦地意识到暴露在紫外线辐射下的危险，紫外线辐射是导致绝大多数皮肤癌的原因。以及第二段可知，所以她觉得难以置信的是，很少有人关心阳光安全，大多数人更喜欢崇尚阳光而不是保护自己免受阳光侵害。由此可推知，通过对Schaefer泳衣的描述，作者想要表明Schaefer非常重视防晒。故选B项。
13．C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，年轻人中黑色素瘤的发病率现在正在下降，因为全国性的调查显示，大多数澳大利亚人——超过70%的成年人和55%的青少年——不再喜欢棕褐色皮肤。以及根据倒数第二段可知，2013年的一项研究显示，除了澳大利亚，少数几个国家——尤其是新西兰、加拿大、以色列、挪威、捷克共和国(女性)和美国(白人男性)——患有黑色素瘤的比例在年轻人中正在下降或趋于稳定。由此可知，新西兰和加拿大共同之处在于皮肤癌发病率在年轻人中没有增加。故选C项。
14．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，回到旧金山，Jennifer Schaefer正在尽最大努力教育下一代。她的大女儿一出门就自动戴上帽子。结合第一段中作者以Schaefer的例子来说明防晒的重要性，由此可推知，最后一句运用了一个熟悉的例子来支持作者的观点。故选D项。
15．C　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Schaefer皮肤白皙，头发红润，童年时曾被晒伤，有皮肤癌家族史，她痛苦地意识到暴露在紫外线辐射下的危险，紫外线辐射是导致绝大多数皮肤癌的原因。结合文章以Jennifer Schaefer为例，说明了她对防晒的重视，以及分析了澳大利亚等国家最近几年皮肤癌发病率的数据，发现除了澳大利亚，少数几个国家皮肤癌发病率在年轻人中没有增加。由此可推知，文章的目的是引起公众对紫外线辐射效应的关注。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The “Greener Grass” Syndrome
Have you ever met the situation where you kept thinking that there are better opportunities out there compared to your current one you are having? This is the syndrome when one is always looking at the other side of the fence and thinks that the grass is greener there. __16__
Why are you like this? Uncertainty and curiosity play a big part in creating the “greener grass” syndrome. It is because we are uncertain of whether what we are holding onto now is the best for us and whether there are any better choices out there.
__17__ In fact, it sometimes does us more harm than good because often looking out for the “greener grass” will exhaust our energy and attention and finally we can grow even angrier, or at least more dissatisfied. __18__We mostly prefer new over old because new things are fascinating and our curiosity keeps reminding us to explore the other side of the grass. These are the two factors that cause us to feel dissatisfied with what we have and always thinking of finding the greener grass at the opposite side.
If you have this syndrome, chances are you are missing out lots of things you currently have now. So what can you do to cure the “greener grass” syndrome? The first thing is to recognize that your current job is your best choice right now. __19__
Secondly, always apply your best efforts to your current job. Otherwise, what can you make out of your job when you hardly devote any effort?
Last but not least, always keep this truth in mind. The grass is always greener on the other side, and the other side is always greener no matter which side you are at. __20__
A．Try to focus on “what is” instead of “what if”．
B．Such uncertainty causes us to keep looking into alternatives.
C．Humans are also curious by nature and we love new things.
D．Focus on “what if” and seek for the best choice.
E．Choose a side, stick to it and make the best out of it.
F．This is what I call the “greener grass” syndrome.
G．It has its own origin, primarily rooted in fantasy and fear.
【语篇解读】本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了“这山望着那山高”的心理现象，造成这种心理现象的原因，由此可能造成的影响及解决办法。
16．F　根据所在位置为段末，应该为段末总结句。前文提及了表现形式，空所在位置对本段的主题进行归纳总结，引出“绿草坪综合症”。故选F项。
17．B　根据所在位置为段首，应该为过渡句，起到承上启下的作用。前文提及了uncertainty为这种心理现象的原因之一，选项B “Such uncertainty causes us to keep looking into alternatives. ”与之呼应。故选B项。
18．C　根据所在位置为段中，应该起到启后的作用，根据后文 “We mostly prefer new over old because new things are fascinating and our curiosity keeps reminding us to explore the other side of the grass. ”可知，所填句子应该涉及new, curiosity词语。故选C项。
19．A　根据所在位置，应该为前一句的进一步解释。前一句提及了克服这种心理现象第一个方法 “The first thing is to recognize that your current job is your best choice right now. ”首先要认识到你现在的工作是你最好的选择。此句应对其解释，着眼于“有什么，是什么”，而不是“要是……就好了”。故选A项。
20．E　根据所在位置应为前文所提的方法三 “Last but not least, always keep this truth in mind. ”的进一步解释。前一句提及了 “The grass is always greener on the other side, and the other side is always greener no matter which side you are at. ”这山望着那山高，那山望着那山高。此空应强调坚持自己的选择。故选E项。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I suffered from Asperger’s at my childhood. One of the biggest __21__ I faced was communicating with others. I was shy but I loved to read and recite facts. This sometimes made me a__22__ for bullies(欺凌). I didn’t really understand as much about the disease or how it__23__ my life.
When I was in my 20s, I__24__ to Paris. I was deeply attracted by the city, and I__25__ a job in a big hotel right then. As an Eiffel Tower ambassador，I __26__ guests and visitors as they took the lift to the top of the hotel’s 46-story tower, where I liked to__27__ the local attractions and helped people find the best__28__ for taking photos. At first, I had a problem with changes in everyday life，__29__ when talking with people who were different from me. But I liked to memorize facts, and that really__30__ in my job because people loved to learn all of the interesting things about the city. Every day when I clocked in, I felt it was time for me to perform for and__31__ the guests. I loved it when I learnt something new because I couldn’t __32__ to share the information with others.
Everyone is__33__， and everyone has a gift. It takes me more than 50 years to__34__ that I am different. Just be yourself, be kind, and try to make a__35__ in your life.
(　　)21．A．decisions B．challenges
C．conflicts D．changes
(　　)22．A．victory B．design
C．memory D．target
(　　)23．A．reflected B．improved
C．affected D．forgot
(　　)24．A．moved B．escaped
C．rushed D．gathered
(　　)25．A．prepared for B．put away
C．applied for D．turned down
(　　)26．A．drove B．directed
C．sent D．accompanied
(　　)27．A．introduce B．identify
C．consider D．connect
(　　)28．A．advertisements B．spots
C．reasons D．habits
(　　)29．A．chiefly B．personally
C．specially D．especially
(　　)30．A．favoured B．treated
C．helped D．relaxed
(　　)31．A．entertain B．trust
C．hire D．educate
(　　)32．A．stop B．work
C．wait D．follow
(　　)33．A．difficult B．terrible
C．bright D．unique
(　　)34．A．recognize B．realize
C．wonder D．admit
(　　)35．A．difference B．promise
C．choice D．sacrifice
【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小时候因为患有阿斯伯格综合症，不善于与人沟通，甚至遭到欺凌。但是他喜欢阅读和背诵，这对他后来的工作有很大的帮助。他因此意识到每个人都有自己的独特之处。
21．B　句意：我面临的最大挑战之一是与他人沟通。decisions决定；challenges挑战；conflicts冲突；changes改变。根据下一句“I was shy”可知，作者很害羞，与人沟通对他来说就是一个挑战。故选B项。
22．D　句意：这有时让我成为被欺负的目标。victory胜利；design设计；memory记忆；target目标，对象。上文提到作者不善于与人沟通，因此有时会遭到别人的欺凌。故选D项。
23．C　句意：我不太了解这种疾病，也不太了解它对我有什么样的影响。reflected反映；improved改进；affected影响；forgot忘记。根据“This sometimes made me a __22__for bullies(欺凌)”可知，疾病影响着他的生活。故选C项。
24．A　句意：在我20多岁的时候，我搬到了巴黎。moved移动，搬家；escaped逃离；rushed急冲；gathered聚集。根据下一句“I was deeply attracted by the city…”可知，作者是搬到了一个新的城市。 故选A项。
25．C　句意：我当时就在一家大酒店申请了一份工作。prepared for准备；put away收拾好，整理好；applied for 申请；turned down拒绝。根据“a job”可知，作者到了一个新的城市，应该是申请一份工作。故选C项。
26．D　句意：作为一名埃菲尔铁塔形象大使，我陪同客人和游客乘坐电梯到达位于酒店46层的塔顶。drove开车；directed指路；sent送；accompanied陪伴。作者的工作是陪伴客人到埃菲尔铁塔塔顶游览。故选D项。
27．A　句意：作为一名埃菲尔铁塔形象大使，我陪同客人和游客乘坐电梯到达位于酒店46层的塔顶，在那里我喜欢给游客介绍当地的景点，帮助游客找到拍照的最佳地点。introduce介绍；identify识别；consider考虑；connect联系。根据“As an Eiffel Tower ambassador”，作者的工作是陪同游客，给他们介绍旅游景点。故选A项。
28．B　句意同上题。advertisements广告；spots地点；reasons理由；habits习惯。根据“taking photos”可知，作者是帮游客找到最佳拍摄点。故选B项。
29．D　句意：刚开始，我难以应对日常生活的变化，尤其是当和与我不一样的人交谈时。chiefly主要地；personally在个人看来；specially特别地，专门地；especially特别，尤其。根据上文“One of the biggest __21__I faced was communicating with others. ”作者本来就觉得自己与人沟通有困难，工作后觉得难以应对生活中的变化，尤其是与游客交流的时候。故选D项。
30．C　句意：但是我喜欢熟记事实，那对我的工作确实很有帮助……favoured偏爱；treated对待；helped帮助；relaxed放松。根据下一句“because people loved to learn all of the interesting things about the city”，游客喜欢了解这座城市的情况，因此作者能够熟记事实，这可以让他对游客讲解得更好，从而对他的工作有帮助。故选C项。
31．A　句意：每天打卡上班的时候，我都觉得到了为客人表演、款待游客的时候了。entertain使娱乐，招待，款待；trust信任；hire雇佣；educate教育。根据上文可知，作者的工作是接待游客，给他们介绍景点。故选A项。
32．C　句意：我喜欢学习新的东西，因为我迫不及待地想与他人分享信息。stop停止；work工作；wait等待；follow跟随。短语can’t wait to do…“迫不及待做……”；根据上文“because people loved to learn all of the interesting things about the city”可知，因为游客喜欢了解关于这个城市的所有的有趣的东西，于是作者学到了新的东西后，就很迫切地想与游客分享。故选C项。
33．D　句意：每个人都是独一无二的，每个人都有天赋。difficult困难的；terrible可怕的；bright明亮的；unique独特的。根据下一句“I am different. ”可知，作者认为每个人都有其独特之处的。故选D项。
34．B　句意：我花了50多年的时间才意识到自己与众不同。recognize认出；realize意识到；wonder想知道；admit承认。根据上文“This sometimes made me a __22__ for bullies(欺凌)．”作者小时候受人欺负，过了很多年之后才意识到自己也有独特之处。故选B项。
35．A　句意：做你自己，友善待人，努力改变你的生活。此题考查与make相关的短语；make a difference有影响；make a promise作出承诺；make a choice作出选择；make a sacrifice作出牺牲。文中表示“努力改变你的生活”。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Looking around the streets of London, you’ll see many people on different means of transport, 36．________ it’s on a commute to work, a trip to the shops, or a sightseeing.
Scooter, this traditional children vehicle 37．________(become) more sophisticated over the past years. And now, 38．________ the addition of a small electric motor, it’s become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Being fun and not involving much effort, scooting is getting 39．________ (increase) popular around the world.
However, safety problems arise. 40．________ scooter riders have been seen on pavements; others on the road jumping red traffic lights, adding to the frustration of motorists 41．________ (stick) in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding one on the public highway or pavement 42．________ (forbid). Now, riders, facing a ￡ 300 fixed-penalty notice and six points on their driving licence for doing so, are calling on 43．________(regulate) to be changed.
Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30 mph, they only have one brake and no lights. 44．________ confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them easily hurt. So it seems more work requires 45．________ (do) to give e-scooters a safe and legal space to travel.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了滑板车作为交通工具的兴起及随之出现的安全问题。
36．whether　考查从属连词。句意：环顾伦敦的街道，你会看到许多人乘坐不同的交通工具，无论是上下班、购物还是观光。引导让步状语从句，与or连用，用whether，意为“无论”。 故填whether。
37．has become　考查时态。句意：滑板车，这种传统的儿童交通工具在过去几年变得越来越先进。根据“over the past years”判断要用现在完成时。故填has become。
38．with　考查介词。句意：现在，由于加上一个小电动机，它已经成为一种便宜和方便的交通方式。with介词短语作伴随状语表原因。故填with。
39．increasingly　考查副词。句意：滑板运动很有趣，而且不需要费力，在世界各地越来越受欢迎。所填词用来修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式。故填increasingly。
40．Some　考查固定结构。句意：有人看到一些骑滑板车的人在人行道上，还有人在马路上闯红灯。固定结构some…others…一些……另一些……。因为置为句首故填Some。
41．stuck　考查非谓语动词。句意：这让堵在路上的司机更加沮丧。空处作名词motorists的后置定语，为被动关系。故填stuck。
42．is forbidden　考查被动语态。句意：在英国，法律规定禁止在公路或人行道上骑自行车。宾语从句中，从句主语为riding one, forbid作谓语动词，为被动关系，应用be done形式，故填is forbidden。
43．regulations　考查名词。句意：现在，面临300英镑罚款和驾照扣6分的骑车人呼吁改变交通规则。所填空作宾语，名词作宾语，且regulation 为可数名词，前无任何修饰成分，故用复数形式。故填regulations。
44．However　考查从属连词。句意：不管骑车人有多自信，路上的大车很容易让他们受伤。此处应为让步状语从句，空之后为形容词confident，however＋adj. ＋从句，引导让步状语从句表示“不论”，所填词位于句首。 故填However。
45．doing　考查固定结构。句意：因此，似乎需要做更多的工作来给电动滑板车一个安全、合法的行驶空间。sth. require＋v. -ing，意为“需要做某事”。此处是主动形式表达被动含义的用法。故填doing。
第三部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，China Daily最近拟刊登介绍中国传统文化的文章。请用英语给编辑写封信，谈谈自己的想法。要点如下：
1．在你看来，最具中国特色的传统文化是什么？(剪纸、京剧、功夫、孔子文化……)
2．此传统文化对于中国的意义；
3．我们应该如何更好地保护此传统文化？(不少于两点)
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor，
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Editor，
Learning that your newspaper will carry articles about Chinese traditional culture, I’m pleased to share my ideas.
From my perspective, there is no doubt that Chinese traditional culture is the carrier of Chinese history and the precious gift from the past. As for the most representative symbol, I strongly support Confucius. As a philosopher, Confucius has been influencing Chinese people since ancient times. Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provide platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture. To preserve Chinese traditional culture, the government should strengthen regulations to protect it, and it is our responsibility to be a good steward. What’s more, providing various cultural exchange activities will have a far-reaching impact.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Were you Mark’s math teacher？” an old man came to my office and asked. I nodded. “Mark talked about you a lot. I want to show you something，” he said, taking a wallet out of his pocket. “They found this on him when he was killed in the battle. We thought you might recognize it. ”
Opening the wallet, he carefully removed two worn pieces of notebook paper that had obviously been taped, folded and refolded many times. I knew without looking that the papers were the ones on which I had listed all the good things each of Mark’s classmates had said about him. And that happened 20 years ago.
Mark was in the third grade class I taught. All 34 of my students were dear to me, but Mark was one in a million. Very neat in appearance, he had that happy-to-be-alive attitude that made even his occasional misbehaviour delightful.
Mark also talked without stopping. I tried to remind him again and again that talking without permission was unacceptable. What impressed me so much, though, was the sincere response every time I had to correct him for misbehaving. “Thank you for correcting me, sister！” I didn’t know what to make of it at first but before long I became accustomed to hearing it many times a day.
One morning my patience was growing thin when Mark talked once too often. I made a new-teacher’s mistake. I looked at Mark and said, “If you say one more word, I am going to tape your mouth shut！”
It wasn’t ten seconds later when Chuck shouted, “Mark is talking again. ” I hadn’t asked any of the students to help me watch Mark, but since I had stated the punishment in front of the class, I had to act on it.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I walked to my desk and took out a roll of tape. ________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
I walked to my desk and took out a roll of tape. All the other students came into awesome silence, anxious to know what I would do next with their eyes fixed on me. Very deliberately, I proceeded to Mark’s desk, tore off two pieces of the tape and made a big X with them over his mouth. Not sure how he was doing, I glanced at Mark, only to find him winking at me as if he was saying “Thank you for correcting me, sister. ”I couldn’t help but start laughing at the sight of his delightful smile. The entire class cheered as I walked back to Mark’s desk, removed the tape and shrugged my shoulders. It was evident that my effort was in vain as he still talked in class occasionally.
One day I decided to do something different when Mark talked again in class. ____________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
One day I decided to do something different when Mark talked again in class. I asked the other students to think of the good things they could say about Mark. Confused as they were, they followed my instructions and wrote them down, which I listed on a separate paper later. The next day, spotting Mark was talking endlessly again, I gave it to him. “Really？” Before long I heard him whispering, tears welling up in his eyes. The paper did work. Mark listened more and more attentively to my instruction from that day on.
“Thank you so much for doing that，” the old man brought me back to earth. “As you can see, Mark treasured it. ” He added. That was when I finally cried.