高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Into the wild集体备课ppt课件

Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Want to catch more fish at night? Watch the moon! Using the moon, you are able to learn several things about fish at night.During a full moon night, you are most likely to find fish hiding in the shadows.When you find shadows on the water (from trees, etc), you know exactly where you need to cast your line.

If the moonlight is not shining down on the water and there are no shadows, the fish will be separated in the water, making your job of finding them much more difficult.

On the other side of the coin, it seems like the fish are more likely to hit the bait (饵) when the moon is hidden, either by clouds or a quarter moon.So, the real trick is to use the moon to decide how you are going to fish that particular night.

If you have a bright, full moon, head for the shadows on the water.If you are on the water and the moon is nowhere in sight, you can go straight to your favourite spot and fish like you normally do, but expect to get more frequent and harder hits on your line.

Some fishermen swear they only fish during a full moon, others say no moonlight is best.I say, both are best; you just have to change your style depending on how much moonlight you have that night.

Try it out for yourself and see if you get the same results.This tip alone has helped me catch some of the biggest fish in my life.Hopefully it will help you do the same.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了借用月光进行钓鱼的技巧。

1．Where should you cast your line during a full moon night?

A．In a place with shadows.

B．In a place near shallow water.

C．In a place where it is very bright.

D．In a place where thick grass grows.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知，在满月的夜晚，应该把鱼线投到阴影区。故选A。

2．On a night without moonlight, the fish usually         .

A．gather around the bank

B．hide in deep water in groups

C．refuse to hit the bait

D．stay in different areas in the water

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，在没有月光的夜晚，鱼通常在水中分散开来，待在水中不同的区域。故选D。

3．If you go fishing on a night without the moon, you         .

A．may get no fish at all

B．can choose the usual fishing place

C．will catch only small fish

D．may have the fishing line broken

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句可知，如果你在一个没有月亮的晚上去钓鱼，你可以选择平时钓鱼的地方。故选B。

4．It seems that when fishing at night, the author         .

A．always choose a full moon night

B．prefers to stay at a lonely spot

C．doesn't care whether there's moonlight or not

D．likes to change the fishing spot frequently

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容可推断，月光对于捕鱼并没有太多影响，作者其实并不在乎有没有月光，只是自己需要调整下方法而已。故选C。

B

Spring lifts our spirits.It's a time for Nature to bring us back to life after a cold season.I live not far from the Kairaku Park, which is one of the largest gardens in Japan, and famous for its near 10,000 plum trees.I am fortunate to have them all outside my backyard, and take advantage of the walking paths daily.

I see the same trees and swans every day, but that day was different.At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new­born black swans.They were pretty and cute.They stayed with their mom.While taking a few photos of the sunset, I was interrupted by a high sound going on for some time.So, I turned around and saw one little swan was stuck by two stones.Its mother was trying to make it out but failed.I tried to get near but the mother was ever so angry! She wouldn't allow me to get close, so I turned to an old man sitting on the bench and said，“Excuse me, the swan baby can't move and I want to help it, but the mother is extremely angry! Could you please do me a favor？”

After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me.He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother.Thanks to him, I was able to get there and push the little swan out of the gap finally.Oh, I really hoped it wasn't injured, but at least it was alive and swimming!

In spring, I become more physically active.Things around don't make us, but Nature does, and it keeps us going.I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods.Somewhere we will be reminded why natural life is so important — because we grow with it! Personally, I am happy that baby birds can put a smile on my face! I struggle for having a small number of “things” in life, and being filled with simple reality — at one with Nature.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在公园散步时和公园里的一位老人拯救了受伤的小天鹅的故事。

5．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1?

A．Her favourite season is spring.

B．She enjoys doing outdoor sports.

C．Her backyard is filled with plum trees.

D．She is satisfied with her living environment.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者对于自己的生活环境很满意。故选D。

6．Why was that day special for the author?

A．She took a few photos of the sunset.

B．She made a little swan's mother angry.

C．She met some swans and helped one of them.

D．She met an old man and made friends with him.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的I see the same trees and swans every day, but that day was different.At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new­born black swans.They were pretty and cute.以及第三段中的Thanks to him, I was able to get there and push the little swan out of the gap finally.Oh, I really hoped it wasn't injured, but at least it was alive and swimming！可知，那天对作者来说是特别的一天，是因为她遇到了一些天鹅，并帮助了其中一只。故选C。

7．What kind of person is probably the old man?

A．Well­known.　　　　　 B．Warm­hearted.

C．Selfish.   D．Outgoing.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me.He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother.可知，老人很热心。故选B。

8．What makes us more physically active according to the author?

A．Nature.   B．Kindness.

C．The garden.   D．The things around.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In spring, I become more physically active.Things around don't make us, but Nature does, and it keeps us going.I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods.可知，根据作者的说法，是自然让我们身体更活跃。故选A。

C

Perhaps you've had to put up with a moody, uncooperative teenager, or you may well have been one yourself.A new study suggests that dogs go through a similar stage of stubbornness and disobedience (不顺从) when they hit adolescence at about eight months old.

Looking at the behaviour of a total of 378 canines (犬), researchers found that the animals were more obedient and more responsive either side of that eight­month mark — but only when it came to their owners, not to less familiar trainers.

So not only do dogs appear to have a difficult adolescence just like we do, they also share the frustration that we often feel towards our parents or caregivers when we hit our teenage years.That has big implications for long­term canine care and sheltering.

“This is a very important time in a dog's life，” says animal behaviour researcher Lucy Asher, from Newcastle University in the UK.“This is when dogs are often rehomed because they are no longer a cute little puppy and suddenly, their owners find they are more challenging and they can no longer control them or train them.” “But as with human teenage children, owners need to be aware that their dog is going through a special stage and it will pass.”

In one experiment with 93 Labrador retrievers (狗), golden retrievers and their cross breeds (杂交品种), the dogs at eight months old were found to take longer and be loather to respond to a “sit” command given by their caregiver than they were when just five months old.The eight­month­olds didn't show the same stubbornness when the command was given by a stranger, though.

The researchers found further evidence of this effect in survey data gathered on 285 Labradors, golden retrievers, German shepherds and their cross breeds.Dog owners and trainers less familiar with the dogs were asked to evaluate the animals “trainability” by answering questions on obedience and how quickly commands were responded to.

Again, the caregivers ranked their dogs as less obedient at eight months old compared with five months old or 12 months old.The trainers reported that obedience increased between the ages of five months and eight months.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了狗和人一样也有青春期烦恼。

9．What is the function of the first sentence in the first paragraph?

A．To raise a problem of teenagers.

B．To lead to the main topic of the passage.

C．To give the background information of the passage.

D．To generalize the whole passage.

解析：选B　推理判断题。第一段第一句引出了青少年的特征，紧接着后面说A new study suggests that dogs go through a similar stage of stubbornness and disobedience，后一句引出了狗也会像青少年一样，所以第一句的作用是引出文章的主题。故选B。

10．What is true according to the passage?

A．Dog's special stage is permanent.

B．Dogs are more obedient at 5 months old compared with 12 months old.

C．Dogs of 8 months tend to listen to a stranger only.

D．Dogs' owners may find it more challenging to control the dogs of 8 months.

解析：选D　细节理解题。第五段中的the dogs at eight months old were found to take longer and be loather to respond to a “sit” command given by their caregiver than they were when just five months old给出了对比，相对于五个月大的狗，八个月大的狗更难控制。故选D。

11．Which one can replace the underlined word “loather” in the fifth paragraph?

A．more obedient   B．more likely

C．more satisfied   D．more unwilling

解析：选D　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的take longer和be loather由and连接，是并列关系，所以此处表示狗不愿意回应，所以loather的意思是“不愿意”，故选D。

12．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Dog's Obedience   B．Dog's Stubbornness

C．Dog's Adolescence   D．Dog's Trainability

解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句A new study suggests that dogs go through a similar stage of stubbornness and disobedience (不顺从) when they hit adolescence at about eight months old.可知，全文都在说狗和人类一样有青春期。C项作标题能概括文章主旨，故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct.  1   Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don't do anything to save them.There are many reasons why species become endangered.

Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways.When humans move into a new area, the animals' habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms.   2   Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals' homes and food supplies.

  3   Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly­valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport.Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.

So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties.  4   Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species.   5 

A．Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution.

B．Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.

C．Eventually, all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together.

D．Recent changes, however, have helped to improve the situation.

E．The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals' body parts.

F．Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.

G．If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了造成濒危物种的原因以及个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取的措施。

1．选F　分析第一段内容，结合空格前句An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct.可知，第一段主要讲述了什么是濒危物种。F项能够承接上文，介绍了物种的灭绝是如何发生的。故选F。

2．选A　根据段首句可知，本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的两种原因。空格后句Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals' homes and food supplies.意为“河流中的化学物质和农场中的毒物会破坏动物的家园和食物供应”。故选A。

3．选B　空格句为本段主旨句。分析段落内容可知，本段主要讲的是人类的过度捕杀是造成濒危物种的原因之一。B项能够概括段落主旨。故选B。

4．选E　根据空前内容可知，空处主要讲述如何保护濒危动物；结合选项可知，选项E承接上一句，符合题意。故选E。

5．选G　空格位于段落的最后一句，由本段主旨句So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species？可知，本段讲述的是个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取的措施。G项内容符合段落主旨，表示如果我们采取这些措施，会带来什么样的成果。故选G。