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- Unit 1 Great scientists Part 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading &Comprehending-2022版英语必修5 人教版（新课标） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 1 Great scientists Part 2 Learning about Language-2022版英语必修5 人教版（新课标） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 1 Great scientists Part 4 Writing-2022版英语必修5 人教版（新课标） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 1 Great scientists 达标检测-2022版英语必修5 人教版（新课标） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit 2 The United Kingdom Part 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading &Comprehending-2022版英语必修5 人教版（新课标） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 0 次下载
高中人教版 (新课标)Unit 1 Great Scientists课堂检测
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这是一份高中人教版 (新课标)Unit 1 Great Scientists课堂检测，共11页。
1.As can be seen frm the (图表),mre and mre peple wn cars in China nw.
2.Prper ways f educatin have (积极的) influence n children's grwth and develpment.
3.The museum has been brught t life thanks t a (有创造力的)designer frm China.
4.The engine was brken. He (旋转) the wheel sharply.
5.As President Xi Jinping pinted ut in his imprtant speech, there is nly ne Earth in the (宇宙).
6.When he was waiting at the radside and saw a car passing by, he tk tw steps (向后地).
7.Students shuld learn t (拒绝) imprper requests f their peers.
8.Yu must be (小心的) while yu are visiting a z, fr sme animals are fierce and dangerus!
9.Wearing lse clthing gives yu greater freedm f m .
10.Sme scientists wh have c greatly t China were awarded “Medal f the Republic”.
Ⅱ.选词填空
make sense, prepare fr, be strict with, lead t
1.Smking and drinking may a rise in bld pressure.
2.The students are ccupied in taking exercise, the cming sprts meeting.
3.Students hpe that their teachers are knwledgable and them reasnably.
4.Sme pems may nt and even seem cntradictry, but they are easy t learn and recite.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.With time (permit), we'll g t visit the Great Wall.
2.His new suggestin (reject), which made him upset.
3.We are living in the time with rapid and (revlutin)change arund us.
4.She is s stubbrn that I think there is n sense in (argue)with her.
5.I dn't want anyne else t hear, s I want t speak t yu (private).
6.Students fresh frm cllege tend t be (enthusiasm) abut their first jbs.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.只有父母和孩子都改变态度,这种局面才能改善。(“nly+状语从句”置于句首)
Only when bth parents and children change their attitudes .
2.他和他的父母这个假期都不去旅行,因为他们都很忙。
his parents ging t travel this hliday, fr they are all busy.
3.这是两国关系能够得到继续发展的基础。(“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句)
This is the relatinship between the tw cuntries can cntinue t develp.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
There was 1 time when the pwerful Christian Church believed Gd had made the wrld. Fr that reasn the earth 2 (think)t be the centre f the slar system then. Hwever, 3 the 1510s, Cpernicus' mathematical calculatins led t the same 4 (cnclude):the earth was nt the centre f the slar system. Instead, the centre f the slar system is the sun. As the Christian Church was very 5 (pwer)at Cpernicus' times, he culdn't tell peple in public abut the thery because it was 6 (cmplete)against the Christian's belief. In rder t avid punishment, he kept his thery until he 7 (lie)dying in 1543.Certainly,he was right t be careful.The Christian Church rejected his thery, 8 (say)it was against Gd's idea and thse 9 supprted it wuld be attacked.
Nw his thery is cnsidered 10 the basis n which all ur ideas f the universe are built.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021山西大学附属中学高二上十月月考,)
Wmen have been making scientific discveries since ancient times. Dzens f wmen have wn the Nbel Prize, ne f the highest hnrs in the wrld. Sme female scientists never married, sme wrked with their husbands, and thers raised large families. It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.
In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became ne f the first wmen recgnized fr her discveries f the ancient histry f the earth. Mary and her father cllected fssils(化石)in their village n the suth cast f Great Britain. Fssils are parts f plants r animals that have been saved in rcks fr millins f years.
When she was nly twelve years ld, Mary became the first persn t find the almst cmplete skeletns (骨架)f several animals that n lnger existed n earth. She didn't becme famus fr her discveries at that time because she ften sld her fssils t get mney t supprt her family.
In 1891, a yung Plish wman named Marie Skldwska traveled t Paris t study physics. She did s because she culd nt get a cllege educatin in Pland. She began wrking in the labratry f a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie gt married and made many discveries tgether. They received the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1903 alng with anther scientist. Marie Curie became the first persn t be awarded a secnd Nbel Prize in 1911, this time in Chemistry. Marie Curie was ne f the few wmen at the time that became famus as a scientist.
1.What des the authr think f female scientists accrding t Paragraph 1?
A.They g thrugh difficulties t be successful.
B.They cannt get the highest hnrs in the wrld.
C.They had better pay mre attentin t their families.
D.They have mre pprtunities t becme successful.
2.Why did Mary fail t be famus fr her discveries f fssils?
A.She didn't want t be knwn t anyne.
B.They weren't wrth studying.
C.Nbdy recgnized them.
D.She sld them fr mney.
3.What can we knw abut Marie Curie?
A.She finished her cllege educatin in Pland.
B.She was the first wman t win tw Nbel Prizes.
C.She wn the first Nbel Prize befre getting married.
D.She and her husband wn the Nbel Prize in Chemistry.
4.What's the text mainly abut?
A.Ancient discveries f scientists.
B.Sme stries f female scientists.
C.Successful marriages f female scientists.
D.Sme female scientists winning the Nbel Prize.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东威海高一下期末,)
Characteristics f an excellent scientist
The Free Dictinary defines(定义)a scientist as a persn having prfessinal knwledge n ne r mre sciences, especially natural science r physical science. 1 Let's lk at sme characteristics f an excellent scientist.
Curisity
2 Scientists such as Thmas Edisn and Gerge Westinghuse discvered things mainly because they wanted t knw hw things wrked. If a scientist desn't have the drive t ask questins r even wnder, then he/she never gets t the first stage f the scientific prcess.
Patience
3 There are very few jbs that take lnger than this ne. Even if yu think yu have received sme educatin n science, yu still have a lt f scientific research t d. If yu're an instant-gratificatin(立即满足的)type f persn, this may nt be the best chice fr yu.
Ethical(道德的)qualities
In rder t truly discver and use knwledge fr the greater gd, a scientist must have a desire t imprve peple's life as well as the envirnment, since they are linked and they can affect each ther in the lng run. A scientist must reprt findings hnestly regardless f persnal r utside cmmercial(商业的)interests. Sticking t an ld belief cntradicted(反驳)by evidence is dishnest. 4
Wrking habits
An excellent scientist even takes ntes f the smallest bservatin, keeping it in mind and recrding it. 5 He/She als needs t cmmunicate thughts n paper and verbally. Netwrking skills cnnect him/her with clleagues wrking n similar prjects where he/she may discver smething new.
A.Becming a scientist takes a lng time.
B.An excellent scientist must be very curius abut things.
C.It als defines a scientist as smene wh uses scientific methds.
D.Hwever, that belief shuldn't be changed withut pwerful evidence.
E.He/She can wrk well alne r in grups, depending n what's needed.
F.T make discveries in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.
G.One f the main places that many scientists wrk in is the research labratry.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.概要写作
(2021浙江温州十五校联考,)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA. That's n surprise, because they ffer many benefits. They immediately end the pwerful scial srt and label (标记) that cme frm clthing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will nt pay t much attentin t their clthing, and sme f them will nt be laughed at fr wearing the “wrng” clthes.
Sme peple are against the strict rule f schl unifrms, but they d nt realize that students already accept a kind f rule—wanting t lk just like their friends. The difference is that the clthing students chse fr themselves creates scial barriers (障碍); schl unifrms tear thse barriers dwn.
As in ther places, unifrms remind the wearers f their purpses and duties. Fr example, when a man r wman puts n a plice unifrm, he r she becmes, fr a time, the symbl (象征) f law and rder. The unifrm means t the wearer his r her special duties and sends the same message t everyne the wearer meets. Peple with different jbs wear unifrms f ne kind r anther. Fr students, the schl unifrm reminds them that their task fr the six r seven hurs when they are in schl is t get an educatin.
Sme parents are unhappy abut unifrms, saying that schl unifrms will affect their children's “creativity”. Actually, as nted abve, the clthes students chse t wear d nt necessarily express their individuality. They just cpy their classmates. Students have the rest f the day t be as creative as they like. While they're in schl, their jb is t master reading, writing, and mathematics; this shuld take up all the creativity they have. Mastery f thse skills will be gd fr the students t build up their creativity in every way.
Part 3 Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.psitive 3.creative 4.spun 5.universe
6.backward 7.reject/refuse 8.cautius/careful 9.mvement 10.cntributed
Ⅱ t 2.preparing fr 3.(are)strict with 4.make sense
Ⅲ 考查with的复合结构。句意:时间允许的话,我们将去游览长城。time和permit之间为逻辑上的主动关系,需用现在分词permitting作宾语time的补足语。
2.was rejected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他的新建议被拒绝了,这使他非常不高兴。根据句意可知他的新建议被拒绝了,suggestin与reject之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;从句用的是一般过去时,主句也应用一般过去时;主句主语是单数名词suggestin,故填was rejected。
3.revlutinary 考查形容词。句意:我们生活在身边发生着快速和革命性变化的时代。此处用来修饰名词change,与rapid并列,故用形容词revlutinary。
4.arguing 考查非谓语动词。句意:她太顽固了我认为和她争论没有意义。there is n sense in ding sth.做某事是没有意义的。故填arguing。
5.privately 考查副词。句意:我不想让其他任何人听见,所以要单独和你谈。修饰动词speak应用副词,故填privately。
6.enthusiastic 考查形容词。句意:刚刚毕业的大学生往往对第一份工作抱有很大热情。be enthusiastic abut为固定搭配,意为“对……热情”。
Ⅳ this situatin be imprved 2.Neither he nr;are 3.the basis n which
Ⅴ.1.a 考查固定句型。There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……。
2.was thught 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,那个时候地球被认为是太阳系的中心,此处需用被动语态;根据语境可知应用一般过去时,主语是the earth,故填was thught。
3.in 考查介词。表示在某个世纪某个年代,需用介词in。
4.cnclusin 考查词性转换。lead t表示“导致”,其中t是介词,设空处作t的宾语,表示“结论”,应用名词cnclusin。空前有the same修饰,表示“相同的结论”,应用单数,故填cnclusin。
5.pwerful 考查词性转换。此处需用形容词pwerful作表语,表示“有权势的”。
6.cmpletely 考查词性转换。此处需用程度副词cmpletely作状语。
7.lay 考查时态。until引导时间状语从句,从句主语为he,设空处为从句谓语;根据in 1543可知此处为过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,故填lay。
8.saying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空格处在句中作伴随状语,再根据主语The Christian Church与动词say为逻辑上的主动关系可知此处用现在分词作状语。
9.wh 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为thse,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填wh。
10.as 考查介词。be cnsidered as...意为“被认为是……”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以Mary Anning和Marie Curie为代表的女性科学家的故事。这些女性科学家对人类社会做出了很大贡献。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段末句It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.可知,在作者看来,女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。该句与A选项是同义表达。故选A。 B选项:她们在世界上不能得到最高的荣誉;C选项:她们最好多关注她们的家庭;D 选项:她们有更多成功的机会。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段末句She didn't becme famus fr her discveries at that time because she ften sld her fssils t get mney t supprt her family.可知,她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选D。A选项:她不想被任何人知道;B选项:它们不值得研究;C选项:没有人接受它们。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中They received the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1903 alng with anther scientist.和Marie Curie became the first persn t be awarded a secnd Nbel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.可知,1903年,居里夫妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,1911年,居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人,这次是在化学领域。因此可知,她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B。A选项(她在波兰完成的大学教育。)与第四段中的she culd nt get a cllege educatin in Pland矛盾;由第四段第四、五两句可排除C选项(她在结婚前获得了第一个诺贝尔奖。)和D选项(她和她的丈夫获得了诺贝尔化学奖。)
4.B 主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构,第一段提及了本文的中心话题:Wmen have been making scientific discveries since ancient has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.(从古代开始,女性就一直在进行科学发现……女性成为成功的科学家一直都是困难的。),然后在后文讲述了Mary Anning和Marie Curie的成功故事。由此可知文章的话题为“女性科学家的故事”。故选B。其中因为居里夫人获得了诺贝尔奖而使D选项具有干扰性,但是Mary Anning没有获诺贝尔奖,故排除D选项。A选项(科学家们的古代发现。)和C选项(女科学家们的成功婚姻。)都具有片面性。
【高频词汇】 1.dzens f 几十;许多 2.hnr n.荣誉,光荣 3.recgnize vt.认可,承认 4.cmplete adj.完全的,完整的 5.award vt.颁发,授予
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然,一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。阅读本文,让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家的性格特点吧。
1.C 空格前指出科学家被定义为对一门或多门学科有专业知识的人,尤其是自然科学或物理科学,由此可知,此处讲的是对科学家这一名词的理解,C项提出,Free Dictinary还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人,符合语境。
2.B 根据这一段的小标题Curisity可知,科学家们具备的一个特征就是要有好奇心,B项中的be very curius abut things与之符合。
3.A 根据小标题Patience以及下文提到的“几乎没有其他工作比这个更花费时间了”可知,成为科学家需要很长一段时间,A项与之符合。
4.D 空格上一句提到,坚持一个没有证据支撑的旧信念是不诚实的,此处提到了belief。D项指出,然而,那个信念要是没有强有力的证据是不能被改变的,恰好是对上一句的补充说明。
5.E 根据小标题Wrking habits可知,本段主要谈到工作习惯。空格前提到他们会记笔记;空格后提到他们需要口头和书面地交流他们的想法。比较选项可知,E项中指出他/她可以一个人工作得很好,也可以在团队中工作得很好,取决于需要什么,这也是一种工作习惯和方式,符合语境。
Ⅲ.写作指导
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章采取总分结构,主要介绍了校服在美国越来越受欢迎,因为校服有很多好处,但也有人对穿校服不满,作者对此提出了自己的观点进行反驳,间接说明了校服的好处。
脉络分析
写作建议:
写作步骤:寻找关键词;确定主题句;挖掘要点,重构主题句。
1.本文中的关键词:Schl unifrms,benefits,are against,remind,creativity。它们是本文的基础和核心。
2.理解本文的结构,确定主题句:
(1)文章主题句:Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA.
(2)段落主旨:
①第一段引出话题:校服在美国越来越受欢迎,因为校服有很多好处。(Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA, because they ffer many benefits.)
②第二段指出:有些人反对严格的校服规定,但校服满足了学生想穿得和同学一样的愿望,这可以消除社会障碍。(Sme peple are against the strict rule f schl unifrms, but they d nt realize that students want t lk just like their friends. Schl unifrms satisfy this wish f students and can tear scial barriers dwn.)
③第三段指出:制服是对目的和责任的提醒,而校服提醒学生接受教育是他们的任务。(Unifrms remind the wearers f their purpses and duties, and schl unifrms remind students that their task is t get an educatin.)
④第四段指出:一些家长指责孩子穿校服缺乏创造力,但真正的创造力是建立在他们通过学校教育掌握知识和技能的基础上的。(Sme parents think unifrms will discurage students' creativity. But the real creativity is based n students' knwledge and skills thrugh educatin.)
3.书写时注意使用适当的衔接词衔接这些要点,使上下句之间具有连贯性。
One pssible versin:
Schl unifrms prevail thrughut the USA as they benefit students a lt. (要点1)While sme peple are ppsed t them, schl unifrms satisfy students' desire t dress similarly, which can end scial barriers. (要点2)Unifrms are a reminder f purpses and respnsibilities, and schl unifrms remind students receiving an educatin is their majr task. (要点3)Sme parents blame kids' being less creative n wearing unifrms, but real creativity is based n their mastery f knwledge and skills thrugh schling.(要点4)
lie在此处表示“处于,保持(某种状态)”,此时它的过去式是lay。lie表示“撒谎”时过去式是lied。注意区分lie的不同意思对应的过去式和过去分词的写法。
当先行词为thse且指人时,关系代词宜用wh不用that。
原句 When she was nly twelve years ld, Mary became the first persn t find the almst cmplete skeletns(骨架) f several animals that n lnger existed n earth.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。其中When引导时间状语从句;t find...为不定式短语作后置定语,修饰the first persn;that n lnger existed n earth为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词animals。
句意 当Mary仅12岁的时候,她成了第一个发现几个动物的几乎完整的骨架的人,这些动物在地球上已经不存在了。
1.As can be seen frm the (图表),mre and mre peple wn cars in China nw.
2.Prper ways f educatin have (积极的) influence n children's grwth and develpment.
3.The museum has been brught t life thanks t a (有创造力的)designer frm China.
4.The engine was brken. He (旋转) the wheel sharply.
5.As President Xi Jinping pinted ut in his imprtant speech, there is nly ne Earth in the (宇宙).
6.When he was waiting at the radside and saw a car passing by, he tk tw steps (向后地).
7.Students shuld learn t (拒绝) imprper requests f their peers.
8.Yu must be (小心的) while yu are visiting a z, fr sme animals are fierce and dangerus!
9.Wearing lse clthing gives yu greater freedm f m .
10.Sme scientists wh have c greatly t China were awarded “Medal f the Republic”.
Ⅱ.选词填空
make sense, prepare fr, be strict with, lead t
1.Smking and drinking may a rise in bld pressure.
2.The students are ccupied in taking exercise, the cming sprts meeting.
3.Students hpe that their teachers are knwledgable and them reasnably.
4.Sme pems may nt and even seem cntradictry, but they are easy t learn and recite.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.With time (permit), we'll g t visit the Great Wall.
2.His new suggestin (reject), which made him upset.
3.We are living in the time with rapid and (revlutin)change arund us.
4.She is s stubbrn that I think there is n sense in (argue)with her.
5.I dn't want anyne else t hear, s I want t speak t yu (private).
6.Students fresh frm cllege tend t be (enthusiasm) abut their first jbs.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.只有父母和孩子都改变态度,这种局面才能改善。(“nly+状语从句”置于句首)
Only when bth parents and children change their attitudes .
2.他和他的父母这个假期都不去旅行,因为他们都很忙。
his parents ging t travel this hliday, fr they are all busy.
3.这是两国关系能够得到继续发展的基础。(“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句)
This is the relatinship between the tw cuntries can cntinue t develp.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
There was 1 time when the pwerful Christian Church believed Gd had made the wrld. Fr that reasn the earth 2 (think)t be the centre f the slar system then. Hwever, 3 the 1510s, Cpernicus' mathematical calculatins led t the same 4 (cnclude):the earth was nt the centre f the slar system. Instead, the centre f the slar system is the sun. As the Christian Church was very 5 (pwer)at Cpernicus' times, he culdn't tell peple in public abut the thery because it was 6 (cmplete)against the Christian's belief. In rder t avid punishment, he kept his thery until he 7 (lie)dying in 1543.Certainly,he was right t be careful.The Christian Church rejected his thery, 8 (say)it was against Gd's idea and thse 9 supprted it wuld be attacked.
Nw his thery is cnsidered 10 the basis n which all ur ideas f the universe are built.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021山西大学附属中学高二上十月月考,)
Wmen have been making scientific discveries since ancient times. Dzens f wmen have wn the Nbel Prize, ne f the highest hnrs in the wrld. Sme female scientists never married, sme wrked with their husbands, and thers raised large families. It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.
In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became ne f the first wmen recgnized fr her discveries f the ancient histry f the earth. Mary and her father cllected fssils(化石)in their village n the suth cast f Great Britain. Fssils are parts f plants r animals that have been saved in rcks fr millins f years.
When she was nly twelve years ld, Mary became the first persn t find the almst cmplete skeletns (骨架)f several animals that n lnger existed n earth. She didn't becme famus fr her discveries at that time because she ften sld her fssils t get mney t supprt her family.
In 1891, a yung Plish wman named Marie Skldwska traveled t Paris t study physics. She did s because she culd nt get a cllege educatin in Pland. She began wrking in the labratry f a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie gt married and made many discveries tgether. They received the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1903 alng with anther scientist. Marie Curie became the first persn t be awarded a secnd Nbel Prize in 1911, this time in Chemistry. Marie Curie was ne f the few wmen at the time that became famus as a scientist.
1.What des the authr think f female scientists accrding t Paragraph 1?
A.They g thrugh difficulties t be successful.
B.They cannt get the highest hnrs in the wrld.
C.They had better pay mre attentin t their families.
D.They have mre pprtunities t becme successful.
2.Why did Mary fail t be famus fr her discveries f fssils?
A.She didn't want t be knwn t anyne.
B.They weren't wrth studying.
C.Nbdy recgnized them.
D.She sld them fr mney.
3.What can we knw abut Marie Curie?
A.She finished her cllege educatin in Pland.
B.She was the first wman t win tw Nbel Prizes.
C.She wn the first Nbel Prize befre getting married.
D.She and her husband wn the Nbel Prize in Chemistry.
4.What's the text mainly abut?
A.Ancient discveries f scientists.
B.Sme stries f female scientists.
C.Successful marriages f female scientists.
D.Sme female scientists winning the Nbel Prize.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东威海高一下期末,)
Characteristics f an excellent scientist
The Free Dictinary defines(定义)a scientist as a persn having prfessinal knwledge n ne r mre sciences, especially natural science r physical science. 1 Let's lk at sme characteristics f an excellent scientist.
Curisity
2 Scientists such as Thmas Edisn and Gerge Westinghuse discvered things mainly because they wanted t knw hw things wrked. If a scientist desn't have the drive t ask questins r even wnder, then he/she never gets t the first stage f the scientific prcess.
Patience
3 There are very few jbs that take lnger than this ne. Even if yu think yu have received sme educatin n science, yu still have a lt f scientific research t d. If yu're an instant-gratificatin(立即满足的)type f persn, this may nt be the best chice fr yu.
Ethical(道德的)qualities
In rder t truly discver and use knwledge fr the greater gd, a scientist must have a desire t imprve peple's life as well as the envirnment, since they are linked and they can affect each ther in the lng run. A scientist must reprt findings hnestly regardless f persnal r utside cmmercial(商业的)interests. Sticking t an ld belief cntradicted(反驳)by evidence is dishnest. 4
Wrking habits
An excellent scientist even takes ntes f the smallest bservatin, keeping it in mind and recrding it. 5 He/She als needs t cmmunicate thughts n paper and verbally. Netwrking skills cnnect him/her with clleagues wrking n similar prjects where he/she may discver smething new.
A.Becming a scientist takes a lng time.
B.An excellent scientist must be very curius abut things.
C.It als defines a scientist as smene wh uses scientific methds.
D.Hwever, that belief shuldn't be changed withut pwerful evidence.
E.He/She can wrk well alne r in grups, depending n what's needed.
F.T make discveries in human knwledge, yu have t think differently.
G.One f the main places that many scientists wrk in is the research labratry.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.概要写作
(2021浙江温州十五校联考,)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA. That's n surprise, because they ffer many benefits. They immediately end the pwerful scial srt and label (标记) that cme frm clthing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will nt pay t much attentin t their clthing, and sme f them will nt be laughed at fr wearing the “wrng” clthes.
Sme peple are against the strict rule f schl unifrms, but they d nt realize that students already accept a kind f rule—wanting t lk just like their friends. The difference is that the clthing students chse fr themselves creates scial barriers (障碍); schl unifrms tear thse barriers dwn.
As in ther places, unifrms remind the wearers f their purpses and duties. Fr example, when a man r wman puts n a plice unifrm, he r she becmes, fr a time, the symbl (象征) f law and rder. The unifrm means t the wearer his r her special duties and sends the same message t everyne the wearer meets. Peple with different jbs wear unifrms f ne kind r anther. Fr students, the schl unifrm reminds them that their task fr the six r seven hurs when they are in schl is t get an educatin.
Sme parents are unhappy abut unifrms, saying that schl unifrms will affect their children's “creativity”. Actually, as nted abve, the clthes students chse t wear d nt necessarily express their individuality. They just cpy their classmates. Students have the rest f the day t be as creative as they like. While they're in schl, their jb is t master reading, writing, and mathematics; this shuld take up all the creativity they have. Mastery f thse skills will be gd fr the students t build up their creativity in every way.
Part 3 Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.psitive 3.creative 4.spun 5.universe
6.backward 7.reject/refuse 8.cautius/careful 9.mvement 10.cntributed
Ⅱ t 2.preparing fr 3.(are)strict with 4.make sense
Ⅲ 考查with的复合结构。句意:时间允许的话,我们将去游览长城。time和permit之间为逻辑上的主动关系,需用现在分词permitting作宾语time的补足语。
2.was rejected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他的新建议被拒绝了,这使他非常不高兴。根据句意可知他的新建议被拒绝了,suggestin与reject之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;从句用的是一般过去时,主句也应用一般过去时;主句主语是单数名词suggestin,故填was rejected。
3.revlutinary 考查形容词。句意:我们生活在身边发生着快速和革命性变化的时代。此处用来修饰名词change,与rapid并列,故用形容词revlutinary。
4.arguing 考查非谓语动词。句意:她太顽固了我认为和她争论没有意义。there is n sense in ding sth.做某事是没有意义的。故填arguing。
5.privately 考查副词。句意:我不想让其他任何人听见,所以要单独和你谈。修饰动词speak应用副词,故填privately。
6.enthusiastic 考查形容词。句意:刚刚毕业的大学生往往对第一份工作抱有很大热情。be enthusiastic abut为固定搭配,意为“对……热情”。
Ⅳ this situatin be imprved 2.Neither he nr;are 3.the basis n which
Ⅴ.1.a 考查固定句型。There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……。
2.was thught 考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知,那个时候地球被认为是太阳系的中心,此处需用被动语态;根据语境可知应用一般过去时,主语是the earth,故填was thught。
3.in 考查介词。表示在某个世纪某个年代,需用介词in。
4.cnclusin 考查词性转换。lead t表示“导致”,其中t是介词,设空处作t的宾语,表示“结论”,应用名词cnclusin。空前有the same修饰,表示“相同的结论”,应用单数,故填cnclusin。
5.pwerful 考查词性转换。此处需用形容词pwerful作表语,表示“有权势的”。
6.cmpletely 考查词性转换。此处需用程度副词cmpletely作状语。
7.lay 考查时态。until引导时间状语从句,从句主语为he,设空处为从句谓语;根据in 1543可知此处为过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,故填lay。
8.saying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,空格处在句中作伴随状语,再根据主语The Christian Church与动词say为逻辑上的主动关系可知此处用现在分词作状语。
9.wh 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为thse,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填wh。
10.as 考查介词。be cnsidered as...意为“被认为是……”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以Mary Anning和Marie Curie为代表的女性科学家的故事。这些女性科学家对人类社会做出了很大贡献。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段末句It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.可知,在作者看来,女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。该句与A选项是同义表达。故选A。 B选项:她们在世界上不能得到最高的荣誉;C选项:她们最好多关注她们的家庭;D 选项:她们有更多成功的机会。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段末句She didn't becme famus fr her discveries at that time because she ften sld her fssils t get mney t supprt her family.可知,她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选D。A选项:她不想被任何人知道;B选项:它们不值得研究;C选项:没有人接受它们。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中They received the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1903 alng with anther scientist.和Marie Curie became the first persn t be awarded a secnd Nbel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.可知,1903年,居里夫妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,1911年,居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人,这次是在化学领域。因此可知,她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B。A选项(她在波兰完成的大学教育。)与第四段中的she culd nt get a cllege educatin in Pland矛盾;由第四段第四、五两句可排除C选项(她在结婚前获得了第一个诺贝尔奖。)和D选项(她和她的丈夫获得了诺贝尔化学奖。)
4.B 主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构,第一段提及了本文的中心话题:Wmen have been making scientific discveries since ancient has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.(从古代开始,女性就一直在进行科学发现……女性成为成功的科学家一直都是困难的。),然后在后文讲述了Mary Anning和Marie Curie的成功故事。由此可知文章的话题为“女性科学家的故事”。故选B。其中因为居里夫人获得了诺贝尔奖而使D选项具有干扰性,但是Mary Anning没有获诺贝尔奖,故排除D选项。A选项(科学家们的古代发现。)和C选项(女科学家们的成功婚姻。)都具有片面性。
【高频词汇】 1.dzens f 几十;许多 2.hnr n.荣誉,光荣 3.recgnize vt.认可,承认 4.cmplete adj.完全的,完整的 5.award vt.颁发,授予
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然,一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。阅读本文,让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家的性格特点吧。
1.C 空格前指出科学家被定义为对一门或多门学科有专业知识的人,尤其是自然科学或物理科学,由此可知,此处讲的是对科学家这一名词的理解,C项提出,Free Dictinary还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人,符合语境。
2.B 根据这一段的小标题Curisity可知,科学家们具备的一个特征就是要有好奇心,B项中的be very curius abut things与之符合。
3.A 根据小标题Patience以及下文提到的“几乎没有其他工作比这个更花费时间了”可知,成为科学家需要很长一段时间,A项与之符合。
4.D 空格上一句提到,坚持一个没有证据支撑的旧信念是不诚实的,此处提到了belief。D项指出,然而,那个信念要是没有强有力的证据是不能被改变的,恰好是对上一句的补充说明。
5.E 根据小标题Wrking habits可知,本段主要谈到工作习惯。空格前提到他们会记笔记;空格后提到他们需要口头和书面地交流他们的想法。比较选项可知,E项中指出他/她可以一个人工作得很好,也可以在团队中工作得很好,取决于需要什么,这也是一种工作习惯和方式,符合语境。
Ⅲ.写作指导
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章采取总分结构,主要介绍了校服在美国越来越受欢迎,因为校服有很多好处,但也有人对穿校服不满,作者对此提出了自己的观点进行反驳,间接说明了校服的好处。
脉络分析
写作建议:
写作步骤:寻找关键词;确定主题句;挖掘要点,重构主题句。
1.本文中的关键词:Schl unifrms,benefits,are against,remind,creativity。它们是本文的基础和核心。
2.理解本文的结构,确定主题句:
(1)文章主题句:Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA.
(2)段落主旨:
①第一段引出话题:校服在美国越来越受欢迎,因为校服有很多好处。(Schl unifrms are becming mre and mre ppular acrss the USA, because they ffer many benefits.)
②第二段指出:有些人反对严格的校服规定,但校服满足了学生想穿得和同学一样的愿望,这可以消除社会障碍。(Sme peple are against the strict rule f schl unifrms, but they d nt realize that students want t lk just like their friends. Schl unifrms satisfy this wish f students and can tear scial barriers dwn.)
③第三段指出:制服是对目的和责任的提醒,而校服提醒学生接受教育是他们的任务。(Unifrms remind the wearers f their purpses and duties, and schl unifrms remind students that their task is t get an educatin.)
④第四段指出:一些家长指责孩子穿校服缺乏创造力,但真正的创造力是建立在他们通过学校教育掌握知识和技能的基础上的。(Sme parents think unifrms will discurage students' creativity. But the real creativity is based n students' knwledge and skills thrugh educatin.)
3.书写时注意使用适当的衔接词衔接这些要点,使上下句之间具有连贯性。
One pssible versin:
Schl unifrms prevail thrughut the USA as they benefit students a lt. (要点1)While sme peple are ppsed t them, schl unifrms satisfy students' desire t dress similarly, which can end scial barriers. (要点2)Unifrms are a reminder f purpses and respnsibilities, and schl unifrms remind students receiving an educatin is their majr task. (要点3)Sme parents blame kids' being less creative n wearing unifrms, but real creativity is based n their mastery f knwledge and skills thrugh schling.(要点4)
lie在此处表示“处于,保持(某种状态)”,此时它的过去式是lay。lie表示“撒谎”时过去式是lied。注意区分lie的不同意思对应的过去式和过去分词的写法。
当先行词为thse且指人时,关系代词宜用wh不用that。
原句 When she was nly twelve years ld, Mary became the first persn t find the almst cmplete skeletns(骨架) f several animals that n lnger existed n earth.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。其中When引导时间状语从句;t find...为不定式短语作后置定语,修饰the first persn;that n lnger existed n earth为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词animals。
句意 当Mary仅12岁的时候,她成了第一个发现几个动物的几乎完整的骨架的人,这些动物在地球上已经不存在了。
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