人教版 (新课标)必修5&选修6Unit 1 Great Scientists导学案

巩固练习

一、单项选择

1. My uncle thought highly of the painting, but to Mr. Brown’s _________ eye, the painting was terrible.

A. eager      B. extra           C. excited     D. expert

2. Don’t say any more; we all believe the facts more than your words. What you have explained doesn’t make ________.

A. sense       B. fun            C. use        D. meaning

3. In the following two hours, he was ________ the performance, because it turned out to be as wonderful as he had expected.

A. tired of       B. absorbed in        C. annoyed with       D. concerned about

4. My grandfather is too old to care for himself, so my mother is looking for someone to ________ him.

A. treat              B. cure          C. attend         D. examine

5. Not I but Tom ________ the car accident. Why should I pay the fine?

A. was to blame for    B. were to blame for    C. was blamed for   D. were blamed for[来源:学科网ZXXK]

6. The boy made _______ little progress ________ his parents felt disappointed.

A. such; that         B. so; that         C. such; as         D. so; as[来源:学科网ZXXK]

7. No one has _______ anything better than the plan now under consideration.

A. put toward        B. come up       C. put forward      D. come up to

8. The wolf said in such a ________ voice that the girl felt _________ and began to tremble.

A. frightening; frightened                   B. frightened; frightening 

C. frighten; frightening                     D. frightening; frightening

9. To our surprise, the man, who was looked down upon by others in the past, is now _________ the whole project.

A. beyond control     B. in control of     C. out of control      D. losing control of

10. There was an ________ expression on his face when the famous actress appeared.

A. excited        B. excite           C. exciting          D. excitement

11. The problem ________ so quickly last night will not be set again.

A. having been settled       B. settle       C. be settled      D. settled

12. Potatoes turn green when ________ to sunlight.

A. exposing        B. exposed         C. expose         D. to expose

13. The ________ price will save you one dollar for each dozen.

A. reduce             B. reducing            C. reduced           D. reduces

14. “Things _______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A. lost    B. losing    C. to lose    D. have lost

15. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decision _______?

A. taking           B. take            C. taken         D. to take

二、完形填空

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future．In our   1   we can see what has not yet happened．For example，while we are looking forward to   2   a new place or country，we   3   what it will be like．We predict(预料) the   4   people will eat，dress and act．Of course，we do not always predict things   5  ．Things are often very different from the way we   6   them to be．

    One of the   7   dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule，who had been   8   to work out a very difficult problem in physics．He had   9   and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there   10   to be no way of   11   out the answer．Then one night he went to bed and dreamed．When he   12   up，he realized that he knew the answer．He had solved the problem in his   13  ．

    The hypnotist(催眠者) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke   14  ：I want you concentrate on my voice．Think about   15  ．You know nothing but my voice．And as you pay attention to my voice，your   16   will get heavier．Soon you’ll be asleep．

    You will hear my voice and   17   my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy．You are   18   asleep，and when you wake up you will   19   nothing．

    You will forget everything．Now I am going to   20   slowly from one to five．One，two，three，four，five．

1．A．brains        B．senses      C．minds       D．sights

2．A．visiting       B．seeking     C．reaching    D．discovering

3．A．imagine      B．know       C．feel         D．guess

4．A．custom       B．habit       C．style        D．way

5．A．quickly       B．simply     C．correctly     D．neatly

6．A．required      B．wished     C．left         D．expected

7．A．funny        B．dull        C．famous     D．silly

8．A．managing     B．trying      C．thinking     D．hoping

9．A．studied       B．learned     C．discussed    D．researched

10．A．used        B．ought      C．seemed     D．had

11．A．making     B．finding     C．turning      D．letting

12．A．gave       B．sat         C．woke       D．got

13．A．dream      B．lesson      C．research     D．exercise

14．A．softly       B．loudly      C．slowly      D．firmly

15．A．everything   B．something   C．nothing     D．anything

16．A．eyes        B．feet        C．head        D．body

17．A．believe      B．respect     C．take        D．understand

18．A．really       B．extremely    C．actually    D．almost

19．A．accept      B．remember     C．hear       D．receive

20．A．count       B．say          C．add       D．speak

三、阅读理解

阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

    “Life is speeding up．Everyone is getting unwell．”

    This may sound like something someone would say today．But in fact，an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it．

    We all love new inventions．They are exciting，amazing and can change our lives．

    Picture this：You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer．Your mobile phone tings，a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen，and the noise from the television is getting louder and louder．Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work．Now you have to stay up all night to get it done．How calm and happy do you feel?

    Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired．Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities，who have no telephones，no cars，not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives．

    One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．The grandparents with their daughter，and grandsons Benjamin，10 and Tomas，7，spent nine weeks in a 1940s house．They had no washing machine，microwave，computer or mobile phone．

    The grandmother Lyn，said，“It was hard physically．But not mentally．”She believed life was less materialistic．“The more things you have，the more difficult life becomes，”she said．The boys said they fought less．Probably，they said，because there was less to fight over，such as their computer．Also Lyn changed from being a“fashionable，beer-drinking granny，to one who cooked things”．

Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!

    Don’t be available all the time．Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．

    Don’t check your emails every day．

    Don’t reply to somebody as soon as they leave a text message just because you can．It may be fun at first，but it soon gets annoying．

1．The passage is mainly about ____________．

    A．problems with technology

    B．improvement of our life with technology

    C．the important roles technology plays in our everyday life

    D．major changes which will be likely to happen to technology

2．The writer quoted (引用) what a citizen in ancient Rome said at the beginning of the story in order to ________．

    A．share a truth about life

    B．tell us what life was like a long time ago

    C．make us wonder what causes such a thing to happen

    D．point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same

3．Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?

    A．Because they loved to live without feeling stressed and tired．

    B．Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions．

    C．Because they were troubled by modern inventions．

    D．Because living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them．

4．What do you think the underlined word“available”in the first suggestion offered by the writer means?

    A．Busy on time．    B．Free to have a rest．

C．Be able to．      D．To be found by others．

四、书面表达

假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Harry近日写信告诉你他认为学校举办的科学讲座太枯燥，不想参加。请根据以下要点提示，给他写一封信，劝他多听一些这方面的讲座。

要点如下：

1. 学校提供了一个接触科技的好机会，应该好好把握；

2. 他平时对科学很感兴趣，可以搜集一些学生比较喜欢的话题推荐给学校；

3. 可以了解更多的科学知识，对自己的生活也有帮助。

注意：

1. 词数：100左右（文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Harry,

How are you? _______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

                                                               Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Hua

答案与解析

一、单项选择

1. D。expert 内行的，经验丰富的；extra 额外的；eager 渴望的。句意：我叔叔高度评价那幅画，但是以布朗先生内行的眼光看，那幅画太差了。

2. A。句意：不要再说了，我们更相信事实而不是你的话。你的解释说不通。make sense 说得通；make fun of 取笑； make use of 利用。

3. B。从下文可知，表演像他期待的那样精彩，所以他被节目吸引了。be absorbed in 专心致志于，被吸引于。be tired of 厌倦......；be annoyed with 生......的气；be concerned about 关心，挂念。

4. C。attend 照顾；treat 对待，治疗；cure 治愈；examine 仔细检查。因为祖父年纪大了，要找人照顾，而不是找医生治疗、检查等。

5. A。be to blame 应受责备；be blamed for 因......被责备。从下文需要付罚款可知，说话人在争辩谁应该为此事负责，所以选A。

6. B。many，much，little，few加名词要用so修饰，而不可数名词progress需用much/little修饰，表示很大/小的进步，因为little此处不表示“体积或年龄小”，而指“数量少”，所以用so。

7. C。句意：没有人提出比现在考虑中的更好的计划了。put forward 提出；come up 发生；come up to 达到。

8. A。狼说话的声音是让别人害怕的，指性质，用-ing形式作定语；女孩儿感到害怕，指内心的感觉，用-ed形式作定语。

9. B。in control of  在......的控制中；beyond control 无法控制；out of control 失去控制（介词短语）；lose control of 失去......的控制（动词短语）。句意：我们很吃惊，那个人过去别人都瞧不起，现在却控制着整个工程。

10. A。明星出现了，他感到很激动，而内心的感觉在脸上流露出来，因此用-ed形式修饰expression（表情），表示“（感到）激动的表情”。

11. D。因句子已经有了谓语will not be set（设定），settle要用非谓语动词作定语，排除B、C；问题是被解决的，虽然settle在谓语动作前完成，但不能用A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作限制性定语。

12. B。句意：土豆被暴露在阳光下会变绿。 when后省略了they are，因为状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，从句的谓语是be，所以可以省略。expose与“Potatoes”是被动关系，因此用过去分词与省略的are一起构成被动语态。

13. C。价格是人为减少的，所以reduce（减少）与其被修饰词price是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。句意：这次降价每一打会为你节省一美元。

14. A。 因为句子已经有谓语come，所以lose应用非谓语形式，排除D。lose与所修饰词things是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，选A。句意：我禁不住自语到：“失去的东西永远也回不来了。”

15. C。take a decision意为“做出决定”，即take和decision是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。句意：既然我们讨论了问题，人们对所做的决定还满意吗？

二、完形填空

1．C。从上句“人脑 (human mind) 最值得称道的方面之一是我们想象未来的能力。”可知。[来源:Zxxk.Com]

2．A。我们对一个新地方或新国家的渴望的是“游览”，而不是“寻找（seek）、发现（discover）或者“到达”那一刻。

3．A。此段首句已经说明我们在头脑中“想象”要发生的事，所以当我们渴望游览某地时，一定是“想象”那个地方的样子，与下文“predict”呼应。

4．D。the way people will eat，dress and act 指人们吃饭、穿衣、举止的方式，the way后省略了关系代词in which/ that；custom 风俗，指特定区域、特定人群沿革下来的风气、礼节、习惯等的总称，此处词义过大；habit 一般指某人长时间做某事的固定方式，此处词义过小；style 风格、格调，指特定时期、特定时期典型的行事、设计或生产等的特殊方式，不合题意。

5．C。下文“Things are often very different from the way”表明作者想告诉我们想象并不总是正确。

6．D。expect 期待，预料，与前文中imagine对应。句意：事情经常与我们的期待的样子很不一样。 

7．C。从下文介绍的梦境可知这个梦不是可笑的（funny）、晦暗/呆笨的（dull），也不是愚蠢的（silly），所以选C（著名的）。

8．B。try to do sth. 设法去做某事；manage to do 设法去做而且做成了某事。此处不提及结果，所以用try。

9．A。study 研究，指为了进一步了解而长时间地认真观察、检验某物；learn 学会；research 探讨，研究，指为了发现新现象、验证新思想而对一主题进行详细研究，不适合此句中为了一个具体问题的具体研究。

10．C。句意：似乎没有找到答案的方法了。used to (do) 过去常常；ought to 应该。[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]

11．B。find out 弄明白，查清楚。从上题解析中的句意可知。 make out 辨认出，了解，填写（表格）；turn out 结果是；let out 泄露，放出。

12．C。wake up 醒来，指从前面所说梦境中醒来就意识到了他发现了答案，而不是在之后的坐起来或起床后。give up 放弃；sit up 熬夜，坐起。 

13．A。从上文可知，是在梦中解决了难题。

14．A。催眠人说话一定是很轻柔（softly）了。 

15．C。从下句“You know nothing but my voice．”可知。

16．A。要睡着了当然是眼皮开始重了，要睁不开了。从下段第一句也可以看出。 

17．D。句意：你会听见我的声音而且明白我的话。因为被催眠人要听催眠人的指令，所以要明白催眠人的意思。

18．D。被催眠不是真正的睡眠，因为如果真的睡着了，他就对催眠人的指令没有反应了，所以really（确实地）和actually （实际上）不合题意。extremely 极端地。

19．B。从下文“You will forget everything．”可知。

20．A。count 数数。say后直接接所说内容作宾语，如say hello，而from one to five是个范围，不是宾语。

三、阅读理解

1．A。主旨大意题。本文主要描述了科学技术的发展带来的问题，如生活速度加快，人的心理压力加大等，所以选A。B项：科技对生活的提高；C项：科技在我们日常生活中的重要角色；D项：科技可能发生的重大变化。 

2．A。考查对作者意图的理解。作者引用古罗马的一个人的说法，让我们了解了有关生活的一个真相。但是它不能告诉我们以前的生活是什么样子。 [来源:学科网]

3．B。细节理解题。从“One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．”可知。

4．D。从下文“Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．”可知，作者建议在一天的某些时候关掉手机，目的是不要总让别人找到你。

四、书面表达

Dear Harry,

    How are you?

I have received your last letter. In your letter, you told me that you don’t like the science lectures in your school.

In my point of view, you should attend such lectures. Firstly, it is a good opportunity to learn about science in school. Secondly, as far as I know, you are interested in science. You can collect some interesting topics and recommend them to your school. Last but not least, by going to more science lectures, you can know the latest developments in science and technology. After all, our life is closely linked to the development of science and technology. These things should be helpful to you.

Give it a try — I think you will enjoy them.

                                                          Yours sincerely,

                                                          Li Hua