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人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration优秀学案设计
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration优秀学案设计，共9页。学案主要包含了Unit等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 掌握并熟练运用本单元核心词汇和短语；
2. 掌握动词不定式的用法；
3. 运用本课的写作技巧完成应用文写作。
Reading and Thinking
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
determine vt. 查明；确定；决定
The investigatin will determine what really happened.
I determined that I wuld ask him utright.
【拓展】
adj.
determinate 确定的
determined 有决心的；意志坚定的
n.
terminal 终点；终端
terminatin 终止,结束
【辨析】
decide, determine, reslve, settle 这些动词都含"决定"之意。
decide : 侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做出的决定。
determine : 指经过深思熟虑，决心去做某事并坚持施行。
reslve : 语气较强，强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不做某事，暗含有远大抱负和坚强决心。
settle : 指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后作出明确的最终结论。
disappinted adj. 失望的；沮丧的
When things g wrng, all f us naturally feel disappinted and frustrated.
She will be disappinted if her feelings are nt returned.
【拓展】
adj.
disappinting 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
adv.
disappintedly 失望地
disappintingly 令人失望地
n.
disappintment 失望；沮丧
v.
disappinting 令人失望
disappint 使失望
carry n 继续做；坚持干
They will carry n their negtiatins next week.
Her bravery has given him the will t carry n with his life and his wrk.
【拓展】几种表达“继续做”的短语
carry n, g n 和
（1）三组词均可跟with或动名词，意义上无很大区别。
In spite f s many prblems, the engineers are ging t carry n with the prject.
Paul was calm and carried n wrking as if nthing had happened.
We’ll stp here fr tday and g n with the discussin tmrrw.
Let’s g n learning the lessn.
The cmpany is ging t keep n with its advertising campaign.
If yu keep n studying hard, yu’ll succeed.
（2）carry n和g n还可以作不及物动词短语单独使用，而keep n一般不这样用。
Please carry n as usual when I’m away.
The bys went n and the girls were left behind t wait fr a bus.
（3）g n还可以接不定式，表示“接着做与原来不同的事情”，而carry n和keep n则没有这种用法。
After presenting the thery, the teacher went n t give the students sme cncrete examples.
independently adv. 独立地；自立地
The enquiry must be independently cnducted.
Yu are able t find ut a lt f infrmatin n yur wn, independently.
【拓展】
adj.
independent 独立的；单独的
n.
independent 独立自主者；无党派者
independence 独立性；自主
Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.
Afterwards, the USSR fcused n sending peple int space, and n 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
Mre recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.
动词不定式作定语和状语
动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语必须放在被修饰词的后面。主要有以下几种情况：
1. 被修饰的词被first, last, nly或最高级修饰；且与不定式有主动关系。
Jim is the nly ne t win a medal in hrse shting.
He was the first guest t arrive.
2. 动词不定式和被修饰词构成被动关系。如不定式中的动词为不及物动词，其后应加介词。
Maria is a pleasant persn t wrk with.
Jazz is exciting music t listen t.
The Brwns have a cmfrtable huse t live in.
3. decisin, wish, chance, prmise, plan, time, attempt, effrt, right, ability, patience后用不定式作定语，说明名词的内容。
He desn’t have the ability t pay.
We made a plan t set up a club fr car fans.
动词不定式作状语
不定式作状语多表示目的，也可表示原因、结果、比较等。
T free urselves frm the physical and mental tensin, we each need deep thught and inner quietness。
(表目的)
Simn made a big bamb bx t keep the little sick bird till it culd fly.
(表目的)
She raised her vice s as t make herself heard.
(表目的)
We hurried t the statin nly t be tld that the train had let.
(表结果)
The husband left his wife, never t return.
(表结果)
She was surprised t see Gerge walk in.
(表原因)
I’m ashamed t have t truble yu.
(表原因)
I have never seen such a persn, t tell yu the truth.
(评注性状语)
T put it anther way, she was sweet-tempered.
(评注性状语)
1. Bank was the first ________ (mve) crps frm ne cntinent t anther n a large scale, helping t develp lcal ecnmies with these new imprts.
2. Vlunteering gives yu a chance ________ (change) lives, including yur wn.
3. ________ (make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu’d better keep this card at hand.
4. The ld man sat in frnt f the televisin every evening, happy ________ (watch) anything that happened t be n.
5. Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly ________ (find) it didn’t fit.
6. Fr 25 days, she never left her baby, nt even t find smething ________ (eat)!
7. ________ the early flight, we rdered a taxi in advance and gt up very early.
A. Catching B. Caught C. T catch D. Catch
8. Smetimes I act as a listening ear fr fellw students ________ what is bthering them.
A. t talk ver B. talked ver C. talk ver D. having talked ver
9. The idea “happiness”, ________, will nt sit still fr easy definitin.
A. t be rigid B. t be sure C. t be perfect D. t be fair
答案：
1. t mve 2. t change 3. T make 4. t watch
5. t find 6. t eat 7. C 8. A 9. B
Reading fr writing
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY?
argue vt.&vi. 论证；争辩；争论
I dn’t think many peple wuld argue with that.
D what yu are tld and dn't argue with me.
【辨析】
argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss这些动词均含"辩论，争论，说理"之意。
argue : 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。
quarrel : 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指"吵嘴、吵架"。
debate : 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。
dispute: 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色彩，常隐含"各持已见"或"争论不休"意味。
discuss : 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。
as a result 所以；结果（是）
As a result, the discussin was put ff until the fllwing week.
He fell ff the bike and hurt his leg yesterday. As a result he had t be away frm schl fr tw r three mnths.
【辨析】as a result 和 as a result f
as a result为副词用法，意为“所以；结果（是）”，强调事情引起的结果。
as a result f短语介词，意为“由于；作为……的结果”，后跟名词、代词等，强调原因。
The train was delayed as a result f the heavy rain.
He gt up very late tday. As a result, he missed the first bus.
resurce n. 资源；财力；物力
Water is becming an increasingly precius resurce.
There's a great shrtage f resurce materials in many schls.
【拓展】
human resurce 人力资源
resurce management 资源管理
water resurce 水资源
resurce allcatin 资源分配
natural resurce 自然资源
land resurce 土地资源
resurce utilizatin 资源利用，资源运用；资源运用性
energy resurce n. 能源；动力资源
renewable resurce 可再生资源
limited adj. 有限的
They displayed nly a part f their prducts because space was limited.
Hw will yu use the limited time yu have?
【拓展】
adj.
limitless 无限制的；无界限的
limiting 限制的；限制性的
n.
limit 限制；限度；界线
v.
limit 限制；限定
主题写作——写信向朋友介绍你班探索太空讨论会的内容
写作任务
假设你是李华。最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文并写信给你的好朋友汤姆介绍这一情况。100词左右。
30％的同学认为：
（1）不值得探索；
（2）离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远；
（3）浪费金钱，这些金钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。
70％的同学认为：
（1）值得探索
（2）卫星已用来进行通信传播、天气预报，使我们的生活更方便了；
（3）有望解决地球能源短缺等问题。
Dear Tm,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
写作思路
一审：确定写作体裁和主题
体裁：应用文
主题：探索太空讨论会
二定：确定时态和人称(与体裁和主题息息相关)
时态：以一般现在时为主（介绍目前的情况）
人称：以第一、三人称为主
三明确
问候并引入主题→讨论会的正反双方的观点→询问对方的看法，并期待回复
四分段(与写作要点息息相关)
结合写作要点分为三个段落
素材整理
（1）关键词语
have a discussin n, n the ne hand, wrthwhile, far away frm, slve the prblems, n the ther hand, be wrthy t be dne, as well as, besides, energy shrtages
（2）翻译句子
① 最近，我们班的同学就太空是否值得探索进行了一次讨论。
(have a discussin n)
② 一方面，我们有30％的同学认为，太空探索不值得。
(n the ne hand, wrthwhile)
③ 他们认为，太空离我们和我们的生活太远。
(far away frm)
④ 而且太空探索会耗费大量的金钱，这些钱可以用来解决像饥饿和污染之类的问题。
(slve the prblems)
⑤ 而另一方面，70％的同学认为太空值得探索。
(n the ther hand, be wrthy t be dne)
⑥ 我们都知道，卫星被用于通信，也被用于预报天气，这使得我们的生活更加便利。
(as well as)
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦ 此外，如果在其他星球上发现资源，我们地球上能源短缺的问题就能得到解决。
(besides, energy shrtages)
Keys:
① Recently, students in ur class have had a discussin n whether space is wrth explring.
② On the ne hand, 30% f us think that space explratin is nt wrthwhile.
③ They think space is t far away frm us and ur daily life.
④ And space explratin will waste a lt f mney, which can be used t slve the prblems such as starvatin and pllutin.
⑤ On the ther hand, 70 think space is wrthy t be explred.
⑥ As we all knw, satellites have been used fr weather frecasts as well as cmmunicatin, which makes ur life mre cnvenient.
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦ Besides, if resurces are fund n ther planets, the pblem f energy shrtages n ur earth can be slved.
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严谨的短文。
Dear Tm,
Hw’s everything ging? Recently, students in ur class have had a discussin n whether space is wrth explring.
On the ne hand, 30% f us think that space explratin is nt wrthwhile. They think space is t far away frm us and ur daily life. And space explratin will waste a lt f mney, which can be used t slve the prblems such as starvatin and pllutin. On the ther hand, 70% think space is wrthy t be explred. As we all knw, satellites have been used fr weather frecasts as well as cmmunicatin, which makes ur life mre cnvenient. Besides, if resurces are fund n ther planets, the prblem f energy shrtages n ur earth can be slved.
What abut yur pinin? Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs
Li Hua
状语类别
常用短语/结构
目的状语
（1）s as t 不位于句首
（2）不定式动作为主语发出
（3）放在句尾不用逗号分隔
结果状语
nly t d
表示出人意料的结果，位于句尾
s/such ... as t d sth. 如此……以至于做某事
enugh t d sth. 足够……能做某事
t... t d sth. 太……而不能做某事
原因状语
be +glad/sad/happy/srry/pleased/surprised/disappinted/
delighted/shcked + t d sth.
放在系表结构后面表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因
评注性状语
t tell yu the truth 说实话 t be hnest 诚实地说
t be frank 坦诚地说 t sum up 总之
t begin with 首先 t start with 首先
t put it briefly 简言之 t be sure/certain 的确，毫无疑问
t make matters/things wrse 更糟糕的是
t put it anther way 换句话说 needless t say 不用说
t make a lng stry shrt 长话短说
用来说明说话者观点和态度，修饰整个句子
1. 掌握并熟练运用本单元核心词汇和短语；
2. 掌握动词不定式的用法；
3. 运用本课的写作技巧完成应用文写作。
Reading and Thinking
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
determine vt. 查明；确定；决定
The investigatin will determine what really happened.
I determined that I wuld ask him utright.
【拓展】
adj.
determinate 确定的
determined 有决心的；意志坚定的
n.
terminal 终点；终端
terminatin 终止,结束
【辨析】
decide, determine, reslve, settle 这些动词都含"决定"之意。
decide : 侧重指经过思考、比较、讨论或询问之后做出的决定。
determine : 指经过深思熟虑，决心去做某事并坚持施行。
reslve : 语气较强，强调以坚定不移的信念去做或不做某事，暗含有远大抱负和坚强决心。
settle : 指排除犹豫、怀疑和争论之后作出明确的最终结论。
disappinted adj. 失望的；沮丧的
When things g wrng, all f us naturally feel disappinted and frustrated.
She will be disappinted if her feelings are nt returned.
【拓展】
adj.
disappinting 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
adv.
disappintedly 失望地
disappintingly 令人失望地
n.
disappintment 失望；沮丧
v.
disappinting 令人失望
disappint 使失望
carry n 继续做；坚持干
They will carry n their negtiatins next week.
Her bravery has given him the will t carry n with his life and his wrk.
【拓展】几种表达“继续做”的短语
carry n, g n 和
（1）三组词均可跟with或动名词，意义上无很大区别。
In spite f s many prblems, the engineers are ging t carry n with the prject.
Paul was calm and carried n wrking as if nthing had happened.
We’ll stp here fr tday and g n with the discussin tmrrw.
Let’s g n learning the lessn.
The cmpany is ging t keep n with its advertising campaign.
If yu keep n studying hard, yu’ll succeed.
（2）carry n和g n还可以作不及物动词短语单独使用，而keep n一般不这样用。
Please carry n as usual when I’m away.
The bys went n and the girls were left behind t wait fr a bus.
（3）g n还可以接不定式，表示“接着做与原来不同的事情”，而carry n和keep n则没有这种用法。
After presenting the thery, the teacher went n t give the students sme cncrete examples.
independently adv. 独立地；自立地
The enquiry must be independently cnducted.
Yu are able t find ut a lt f infrmatin n yur wn, independently.
【拓展】
adj.
independent 独立的；单独的
n.
independent 独立自主者；无党派者
independence 独立性；自主
Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.
Afterwards, the USSR fcused n sending peple int space, and n 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
Mre recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.
动词不定式作定语和状语
动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语必须放在被修饰词的后面。主要有以下几种情况：
1. 被修饰的词被first, last, nly或最高级修饰；且与不定式有主动关系。
Jim is the nly ne t win a medal in hrse shting.
He was the first guest t arrive.
2. 动词不定式和被修饰词构成被动关系。如不定式中的动词为不及物动词，其后应加介词。
Maria is a pleasant persn t wrk with.
Jazz is exciting music t listen t.
The Brwns have a cmfrtable huse t live in.
3. decisin, wish, chance, prmise, plan, time, attempt, effrt, right, ability, patience后用不定式作定语，说明名词的内容。
He desn’t have the ability t pay.
We made a plan t set up a club fr car fans.
动词不定式作状语
不定式作状语多表示目的，也可表示原因、结果、比较等。
T free urselves frm the physical and mental tensin, we each need deep thught and inner quietness。
(表目的)
Simn made a big bamb bx t keep the little sick bird till it culd fly.
(表目的)
She raised her vice s as t make herself heard.
(表目的)
We hurried t the statin nly t be tld that the train had let.
(表结果)
The husband left his wife, never t return.
(表结果)
She was surprised t see Gerge walk in.
(表原因)
I’m ashamed t have t truble yu.
(表原因)
I have never seen such a persn, t tell yu the truth.
(评注性状语)
T put it anther way, she was sweet-tempered.
(评注性状语)
1. Bank was the first ________ (mve) crps frm ne cntinent t anther n a large scale, helping t develp lcal ecnmies with these new imprts.
2. Vlunteering gives yu a chance ________ (change) lives, including yur wn.
3. ________ (make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu’d better keep this card at hand.
4. The ld man sat in frnt f the televisin every evening, happy ________ (watch) anything that happened t be n.
5. Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly ________ (find) it didn’t fit.
6. Fr 25 days, she never left her baby, nt even t find smething ________ (eat)!
7. ________ the early flight, we rdered a taxi in advance and gt up very early.
A. Catching B. Caught C. T catch D. Catch
8. Smetimes I act as a listening ear fr fellw students ________ what is bthering them.
A. t talk ver B. talked ver C. talk ver D. having talked ver
9. The idea “happiness”, ________, will nt sit still fr easy definitin.
A. t be rigid B. t be sure C. t be perfect D. t be fair
答案：
1. t mve 2. t change 3. T make 4. t watch
5. t find 6. t eat 7. C 8. A 9. B
Reading fr writing
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY?
argue vt.&vi. 论证；争辩；争论
I dn’t think many peple wuld argue with that.
D what yu are tld and dn't argue with me.
【辨析】
argue, quarrel, debate, dispute, discuss这些动词均含"辩论，争论，说理"之意。
argue : 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。
quarrel : 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指"吵嘴、吵架"。
debate : 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。
dispute: 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色彩，常隐含"各持已见"或"争论不休"意味。
discuss : 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。
as a result 所以；结果（是）
As a result, the discussin was put ff until the fllwing week.
He fell ff the bike and hurt his leg yesterday. As a result he had t be away frm schl fr tw r three mnths.
【辨析】as a result 和 as a result f
as a result为副词用法，意为“所以；结果（是）”，强调事情引起的结果。
as a result f短语介词，意为“由于；作为……的结果”，后跟名词、代词等，强调原因。
The train was delayed as a result f the heavy rain.
He gt up very late tday. As a result, he missed the first bus.
resurce n. 资源；财力；物力
Water is becming an increasingly precius resurce.
There's a great shrtage f resurce materials in many schls.
【拓展】
human resurce 人力资源
resurce management 资源管理
water resurce 水资源
resurce allcatin 资源分配
natural resurce 自然资源
land resurce 土地资源
resurce utilizatin 资源利用，资源运用；资源运用性
energy resurce n. 能源；动力资源
renewable resurce 可再生资源
limited adj. 有限的
They displayed nly a part f their prducts because space was limited.
Hw will yu use the limited time yu have?
【拓展】
adj.
limitless 无限制的；无界限的
limiting 限制的；限制性的
n.
limit 限制；限度；界线
v.
limit 限制；限定
主题写作——写信向朋友介绍你班探索太空讨论会的内容
写作任务
假设你是李华。最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文并写信给你的好朋友汤姆介绍这一情况。100词左右。
30％的同学认为：
（1）不值得探索；
（2）离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远；
（3）浪费金钱，这些金钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。
70％的同学认为：
（1）值得探索
（2）卫星已用来进行通信传播、天气预报，使我们的生活更方便了；
（3）有望解决地球能源短缺等问题。
Dear Tm,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
写作思路
一审：确定写作体裁和主题
体裁：应用文
主题：探索太空讨论会
二定：确定时态和人称(与体裁和主题息息相关)
时态：以一般现在时为主（介绍目前的情况）
人称：以第一、三人称为主
三明确
问候并引入主题→讨论会的正反双方的观点→询问对方的看法，并期待回复
四分段(与写作要点息息相关)
结合写作要点分为三个段落
素材整理
（1）关键词语
have a discussin n, n the ne hand, wrthwhile, far away frm, slve the prblems, n the ther hand, be wrthy t be dne, as well as, besides, energy shrtages
（2）翻译句子
① 最近，我们班的同学就太空是否值得探索进行了一次讨论。
(have a discussin n)
② 一方面，我们有30％的同学认为，太空探索不值得。
(n the ne hand, wrthwhile)
③ 他们认为，太空离我们和我们的生活太远。
(far away frm)
④ 而且太空探索会耗费大量的金钱，这些钱可以用来解决像饥饿和污染之类的问题。
(slve the prblems)
⑤ 而另一方面，70％的同学认为太空值得探索。
(n the ther hand, be wrthy t be dne)
⑥ 我们都知道，卫星被用于通信，也被用于预报天气，这使得我们的生活更加便利。
(as well as)
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦ 此外，如果在其他星球上发现资源，我们地球上能源短缺的问题就能得到解决。
(besides, energy shrtages)
Keys:
① Recently, students in ur class have had a discussin n whether space is wrth explring.
② On the ne hand, 30% f us think that space explratin is nt wrthwhile.
③ They think space is t far away frm us and ur daily life.
④ And space explratin will waste a lt f mney, which can be used t slve the prblems such as starvatin and pllutin.
⑤ On the ther hand, 70 think space is wrthy t be explred.
⑥ As we all knw, satellites have been used fr weather frecasts as well as cmmunicatin, which makes ur life mre cnvenient.
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦ Besides, if resurces are fund n ther planets, the pblem f energy shrtages n ur earth can be slved.
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严谨的短文。
Dear Tm,
Hw’s everything ging? Recently, students in ur class have had a discussin n whether space is wrth explring.
On the ne hand, 30% f us think that space explratin is nt wrthwhile. They think space is t far away frm us and ur daily life. And space explratin will waste a lt f mney, which can be used t slve the prblems such as starvatin and pllutin. On the ther hand, 70% think space is wrthy t be explred. As we all knw, satellites have been used fr weather frecasts as well as cmmunicatin, which makes ur life mre cnvenient. Besides, if resurces are fund n ther planets, the prblem f energy shrtages n ur earth can be slved.
What abut yur pinin? Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs
Li Hua
状语类别
常用短语/结构
目的状语
（1）s as t 不位于句首
（2）不定式动作为主语发出
（3）放在句尾不用逗号分隔
结果状语
nly t d
表示出人意料的结果，位于句尾
s/such ... as t d sth. 如此……以至于做某事
enugh t d sth. 足够……能做某事
t... t d sth. 太……而不能做某事
原因状语
be +glad/sad/happy/srry/pleased/surprised/disappinted/
delighted/shcked + t d sth.
放在系表结构后面表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因
评注性状语
t tell yu the truth 说实话 t be hnest 诚实地说
t be frank 坦诚地说 t sum up 总之
t begin with 首先 t start with 首先
t put it briefly 简言之 t be sure/certain 的确，毫无疑问
t make matters/things wrse 更糟糕的是
t put it anther way 换句话说 needless t say 不用说
t make a lng stry shrt 长话短说
用来说明说话者观点和态度，修饰整个句子
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