选修6 Unit3 A healthy life（核心素养过关练）-2021年高考英语一轮复习学与练

选修6 Unit3 A healthy life

基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. The door opened automatically as we approached, which made us frightened.
2. When little Frank ran to the school all the way, he was nearly breathless and his heartbeat was fast.
3. The official was accused of abusing his power and sentenced to ten years in prison.
4. Products that are high in calories or caffeine are restricted or banned in some countries.
5. However hard the situation is, don’t be desperate. You can always find a way out.
6. He only gave an embarrassed smile when I spilled the water onto him.
7. Despite the big fire, the man risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house yesterday. 
8. Last year the local government cleared up many illegal (非法的) entertainment places.
9. The paper is due (到期的) next month, and I am working seven days a week, often deep into the night.
10. 【2018全国Ⅲ卷】The city was crowded with disappointed (失望的；沮丧的) people with no interest in settling down.
11. It’s not advised to cast prejudice (偏见) against those who are disabled and less fortunate than us. 
12. Having made a fool of himself, he felt ashamed (羞愧的) of his behaviour and tears streamed from his face. 
13. This company is trying to get its staff to quit (停止) smoking by offering extra days off to employees who don’t smoke.
14. With the debt problem worsening，it is going to be a tough (艰难的) test for EU to help Greece out of trouble.
15. Scientists say that fires and heavy smoke could have a great effect (影响) on global warming.

Ⅱ.单句填空

1. Not accustomed to staying (stay) up so late at night, she got up with red eyes the next morning. 
2. With the changes in the world’s climate, dinosaurs died, but many smaller animals lived on. It was the survival (survive) of the fittest. 
3. Addicted (addict) to playing the violin, he would spend all the weekends in the musical hall practising.
4. On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other I distrust his judgement (judge). 
5. 【2018北京书面表达】I introduced the history of tea­making, which had a great effect on/upon their better understanding of our tea­drinking culture.
6. One thing is certain — we have to be mentally (mental) prepared for the problems we may face.
7. In order to accustom myself to the wet weather, I try eating more peppers and later I get accustomed to the wet weather. (accustom)
8. Yesterday, I climbed to the mountain top to breathe the fresh air. Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breath of fresh air was worth it. (breath)
9. If we strengthen our physical exercise, we will get stronger and are full of strength all day long. (strong)
10. To my parents’ disappointment, my disappointing math grade greatly disappointed my parents, and their disappointed look urged me to study harder then. (disappoint)
11. You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man. (shame)
12. After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed, and there was a relaxed expression on her face. (relax)
13. If you have a weak body, you have to do more exercise and never weaken before your weakness is exposed to others. (weak)
14. After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. (stress)
15. I was once ashamed to admit (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling.

Ⅲ.短语检测

1. For various reasons, many students have got into the habit of staying up (养成了熬夜的习惯) late, which has a bad effect on (有很坏的影响) their health.
2. In spite of (尽管) my love for technology, I know that there are times when I need to take my eyes off these devices and truly communicate with others.
3. I am accustomed to (习惯于) getting up early and taking an hour’s walk before breakfast. 
4. What worries him is that his son is addicted to (对……上瘾) watching video clips on his smartphone. 
5. Susan felt like (想要) going to the park for a walk with Sara, while she was not in the mood.
6. Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late due to (因为) the storm. 
7. The team played a big part in helping Jennie to decide on (对......作出决定) a career and find a position.
8. If you had taken your father’s advice, you would not have got into (陷入) trouble.
9. There were many brave souls around the world who always wish to take risks (冒险) in life.
10. The doctor said if the deadly disease spread to other places, other children would be at risk (处境危险).

Ⅳ.重点句型

1. As a teacher, I seldom give my students such a difficult problem (如此难的一个问题) as they cannot work out. 
2. ①It is three years since he left. 

②It is the first time that he has visited (visit) it. 

③It was the first time that he had visited (visit) it. 

④We made a great deal of money, so we decided that it was time to set (set) sail for home.

3. Do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting (inject) drugs.
4. As I have mentioned/referred to above (正如我上面提到的那样), it’s of great importance to your whole life for you to go to a good university.
5. I began to appreciate their beauty only when I reread his poem recently.

 It was only when I reread his poem recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. (强调句型)

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

   1.Although/Though James’ granddad will be 82 years old, he is fit enough 2.to cycle (cycle) 20 kilometers in an afternoon. He thinks the long and active life must be due to his healthy lifestyle. But during his adolescence he 3.smoked (smoke) a lot. He says one may become addicted to 4.cigarettes (cigarette) in three ways. Firstly, one can become 5.physically (physical) addicted to nicotine. This means that after a while the body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. Secondly, one becomes addicted through habit. If one does the same thing over and over again, he 6.begins (begin) to do it automatically. Lastly, one can become mentally addicted. At first, James’ granddad didn’t know the harmful effects of smoking or that it could do terrible damage 7.to the heart and lungs. He didn’t know that smoking couples’ babies might be abnormal in some way. When he 8.was taken (take) off the school football team because he was unfit, he knew it was time to quit 9.smoking (smoke).And he did finally manage. He even sent James some advice like “prepare yourself; be determined; break the habit; relax; get help if you need it and keep trying” to help James to stop and 10.strengthen (strong) his resolve.

选修6 Unit3 A healthy life

提升练

I. 阅读理解

A

【2020江苏卷】For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

   Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

   To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.

   Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

   Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.

   Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

   But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

   The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

1. The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “      ”.

A. digest the meal easily       B. manage without breakfast

C. decide wisely what to eat      D. eat whatever is offered

2. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?

A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people. B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.

C. They could walk at an average speed.   D. They had slow metabolic rates.

3. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?

A. They successfully lost weight.     B. They consumed a bit more calories.

C. They burned more fat on average.    D. They displayed higher insulin levels.

4. What could be learned from the research?

A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.

B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.

C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.

D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

B

【2019浙江卷】 Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."

   People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took, ”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段)shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.

   “What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said. “There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.

   While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.

   “After all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”

5. What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?

A. Money spent without hesitation.    B. Money not legally made.

C. Money offered without conditions.    D. Money not tied together.

6. What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?

A. Women tended to be more sociable.    B. The activity attracted various people.

C. Economic problems were getting worse.   D. Young couples needed financial assistance.

7. Why did Bridges carry out the project?

A. To do a test on people’s morals.     B. To raise money for his company.

C. To earn himself a good reputation.    D. To promote kindness and sympathy.

C

【2019山东省潍坊市三模】When Randy Heiss went hiking behind his Patagonia, Ariz. farm, the last thing he expected to find was a Christmas list from a little girl across the US-Mexico border. “I found this balloon on my morning walk near Patagonia on Sunday. Attached to it was a piece of paper with the Christmas wishes from a little girl,” Heiss wrote on his Facebook page.

   When he brought the list home to his wife, who speaks fluent Spanish, they determined that the little girl had asked for Enchantimals toys, clothes, art supplies and various other gifts. That’s when Heiss set out to make the little girl’s Christmas dreams come true. Heiss said he had attempted to send Christmas letters to Santa Claus via balloon when he was a kid but never received a response.

   Heiss sent a Facebook message on Wednesday to XENY, a radio station in Nogales, to see if it could help him track down the girl or her family. He later received a response from the station, which had determined the author of the letter was an 8-year-old girl named Dayami, and the station wanted to set up a meeting between the two on Thursday. “It just changed my entire day,” Heiss told the Washington Post. “Instead of going back to my office in Bisbee, I went with my wife to Walmart.”

   The couple bought almost everything on Dayami’s list. They also brought a few gifts for Dayami’s little sister, Ximena. They told the children they were “ayudantes de Santa,” or Santa’s helpers.

   Heiss, 60, said the experience was very healing for him and his wife. Nine years ago, the couple’s only son died. “Being around children at Christmas time has been absent in our lives,” Heiss said. We now have friends for life. For a day, that border fence with its concertina wire melted away.

8. How did Dayami send out her Christmas wishes?

A. By calling Heiss.       B. By attaching them to a balloon.

C. By writing to a radio station.    D. By sending a Facebook message.

9. When did Heiss know what the girl exactly wanted?

A. After the help of his wife.     B. When he found the balloon.

C. After their meeting in America.    D. When he got a response from the radio station.

10. What might make Heiss decide to fulfill the little girl’s Christmas wishes?

A. His son’s will.        B. The girls request for help.

C. His similar unsuccessful experience.  D. His desire to make friends with the girl.

11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The couple got out of the pain completely. 

B. The experience was a great relief to the couple.

C. The couple would help more children from Mexico.

D. There will be no border between countries one day.

D

【2019长沙市雅礼中学高三模拟】 Sally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts (烟头) from the streets of her home city.

   Called the “Butt Lady” by her local community, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014. The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet, and earlier this month, she hit a historic milestone—one million cigarette butts.

   “I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere,” Sally Dawly said. “I’m just shocked that I had to pick up so many. I’ve ever picked up 3,000 butts in one day,” she said. “Don’t throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.”

   With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one person’s efforts really make a difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and restaurants in the city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as she approached her one-million-butt milestone.

   Sally knows her city’s cigarette butt littering problem won’t be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts in the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts.

   Word of the Butt Lady’s efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento reports that other cities have started seeking her help as well.

12. Why does Sally Dawly carry an iPad with her while picking up the butts?

A. To entertain the crowds.       B. To monitor the smokers.

C. To attract people’s attention.      D. To record the number of butts.

13. How did Sally Dawly feel when picking up cigarette butts?

A. Excited but upset.         B. Shocked and sorry

C. Frightened but content.        D. Astonished and desperate.

14. From the text. what can be inferred about Sally Dawly?

A. She picks up nearly 3,000 cigarette butts every day.

B. She will work in other cities in California in the future.

C. She has set a new goal of picking up two million cigarette butts.

D. She picked up one million cigarette butts with members of her community.

15. What is the text mainly about?

A. California’s “Butt Lady”.       B. Fighting against smoking.

C. Californians health problems.      D. Smoking problems in California.

II. 阅读七选五

【2020湖北八校高三联考】In the super fast paced world we live in, happiness may not come as easily as we wish. Here are some tips to make us live happily.

Don’t avoid or ignore negativity.

     1   This can include people in your life who may be bringing you down, a hostile workplace environment or even a personal stressor that you haven’t conquered quite yet. You are in control of your environment and if these negative situations keep making an appearance, it’s up to you to handle them.

Take care of yourself and your needs.

   In order to live a powerful and meaningful life, you must love yourself. Take care of your actions and how you live each day, and this will be reflected in your thoughts and emotional state of mind.   2 

Mend what’s broken or get rid of it.

   Determining what is worth your time and effort and what can be challenging. If situations are beyond repair, it’s time to let go. Are there relationships or friendships that remain damaged but you know are worth the time?   3   Do what you can to find love in situations where it may have be absent in the past.

   4  

   Giving our time, energy, love and sometimes money is what life is about.   5   My mom taught me a quote she learned in Mexico that stuck with me forever, “donde come uno, comen dos. (where one can eat, two can eat.)” It moves me every time I say it out loud. At the end of the day, no matter what you have you are likely in a position to give something small to someone else who needs it. Don’t hesitate.

A．Give back.

B．Be positive.

C．Fix them and find peace.

D．Do more of what makes you happy.

E．Love yourself fully in order to love others fully.

F．Everything we put out into the world comes back to us.

G．In order to conquer and overcome, it must be acknowledged.

III. 语法填空

【2019安徽师范大学附属中学高三模拟】If you only got six hours’ shut eye last night, there is no need    21   ( lose )sleep over it.

   Scientists say that though it is    22   (wide) believed that we need eight hours of sleep a night, six to seven hours is the natural amount.

   “Advising short-sleepers to rest easy,” the US researchers say, “    23     (have) important implications (暗示,含义) for the idea that we need to take sleeping pills because sleep has been reduced from  24 (it) natural level by the widespread use of electricity, TV, the Internet and so on.”

   The lead author of a study, Ghandi, said: “There’s the    25   (expect) that we should all be sleeping for eight or nine hours a night, and if we took away modern technology, we would be sleeping more. But now, for the first time, we are showing that’s not    26    truth.”

   Most of those    27   were studied slept for less than seven hours a night, with the average amount just six hours and 25 minutes. This is much less than the eight hours often  28 (recommend) in western societies.

   Despite this, the people studied were in good health,   29    lower rates of obesity(肥胖症), better blood pressure and    30   (healthy) hearts than people in industrialized societies. They were also fitter.