Book1Unit 3Travel Journal 提高班讲义（含答案）

精讲

年级：高一年级   科目：英语   类型：同步

知识点：基础词汇

Ⅰ.核心单词

1．____________(n.& vt.)运送，运输     2．____________(vt.)说服，劝说

3．____________(n. & vt.)时间表，为某事安排时间 4．______________(n.)态度，看法

5．________(vt.)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)→________(n.)偏爱；爱好

6．________(n.)不利条件；不便之处→________(反义词)有利条件；优势

7．________(vi.)毕业；(n.)大学毕业生→________(n.)毕业；毕业典礼

8．________(vt.)组织；成立→________(n.)组织者→________(n.)组织 →________(adj.)有组织的

9．________(vt.)决定；确定；下定决心→________(adj.)坚决的；有决心的→________(n.)决心

10．________(adj.)可信赖的；可靠的→________(vi.)依靠；信赖

——词不离句，句不离段

The journalist often says altitude relies on attitude. Since his graduation, he has turned many disadvantages into advantages for his being determined and even stubborn. It's forecast that he will make a carefully organized journey to a temple in a valley. All his parcels have been transported there ahead of schedule.

Ⅱ.重点短语

1．改变主意 ___________________　　　2．投降；屈服；让步 ______________________

3．照常     ___________________      4．张贴；搭建       ______________________

5．在午夜   ___________________      6．ever since         ______________________

7．be fond of ____________________      8．care about        _______________________

9．make up one's mind _____________     10．at one point      _______________________

Ⅲ.经典句式

1．强调句型(It was...who/that...)“正是……”

__________________(是我姐姐)first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.

2．insist＋宾语从句(从句中谓语动词使用(should)do)“坚持……”

Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she______________________(坚持她自己组织)the trip properly.

3．主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式(主动形式表示被动意义)

When I told her ________________(难以呼吸空气)and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.

4．no matter引导让步状语从句“不管……”

A determined person always tries to finish the job，____________________(无论它多难)．

5．so...that...如此……以至于……

At one point we__________________(太高了以至于)we found ourselves cycling through clouds.

[词 汇 精 解]

1 prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

(教材原句)Which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train?

你更愿意用哪种交通工具：汽车还是火车？

prefer to do sth 宁愿干某事    prefer A to B与B相比更喜欢A，to是介词

prefer doing  sth to doing sth 比起做某事更喜欢做某事

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿干某事而不干某事

prefer sb to do sth 希望某人做某事

I prefer to read while my wife prefers singing to reading.我喜欢读书，而我妻子喜欢唱歌不喜欢读书。

表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的句型还有：

would do...rather than do...    would rather do...than do...

词语辨析　prefer...to，prefer...rather than

【一句辨异】

I prefer walking to cycling./I prefer to walk rather than cycle./I would rather walk than cycle.

我宁愿步行也不骑自行车。

①I  ________ live simply ________ waste the limited resources.

我宁愿过简单的生活也不愿去浪费有限的资源。

②I ________ my English classes ________ in English only.(句型转换)

＝I prefer that my English classes ________________ in English only.

我愿意我的英语课仅用英语来教授。

2 persuade vt.说服，劝说

(教材原句)Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.

两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。

persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事   persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事

persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事persuade sb of sth 使某人相信……

①(2013·湖北·完成句子)Not having persuaded my parents，I failed to go to a drama school，where my interest lay.

由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学院，而那才是我的兴趣所在。

词语辨析　persuade，advise，convince

【一句辨异】

Though I had advised her  many times，I couldn't  persuade her to go abroad with me because her life experience had convinced/persuaded her that she could not live on without her parents.

②(2016·新课标卷，35)If she doesn't want to go，nothing you can say will ________her.

A．persuade    B．promise   C．invite    D．support

3 determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心

(教材原句)She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚决的表情——那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。

(1)determine on/upon决定      determine(sb)to do sth(使某人)决定做某事

(2)determined adj.坚决的，有决心的    be determined to do sth  决心做某事

(3)determination n.   决心

①I determined to see my first teacher that very afternoon.我决定就在那天下午去看我的第一任老师。

【点津】　determine to do sth 表示动作，为非延续性动词短语，不可与时间状语连用；be determined to do sth表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用，类似的短语还有：prepare for/be prepared for；worry about/be worried about等。

②The amount of rainfall ___________________________________________________________.

降雨量决定着收成的好坏。

③Her encouragement ________________ the work.她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。

4 give in v．屈服，让步；投降；呈交

(教材原句)Finally，I had to give in.最后，我只能让步了。

give away 赠送，泄露，出卖，放弃(机会等)   give back 归还

give up 停止，放弃        give out 送出，分发；用完，耗尽，精疲力竭

give off 发出(光、热、气、味等)

用give的相关短语填空

①Defeated by many failures，he finally ________.

②Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance，but her trembling voice________her________.

③The authorities have shown no signs of________to the kidnappers' demand.

④Don't mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may________the shocking ending.

⑤It is always the husband who________first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.

5 make up one's mind 下决心；决定

(教材原句)Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.一旦她下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。

come to one's mind/head 突然想到   keep/bear sth in mind 记住

change one's mind 改变主意     keep one's mind on sth 把注意力放在

out of one's mind 不理智，发疯

①After graduation，they made up their minds to go and settle in the countryside.

毕业后他们决心到农村安家落户。

② We shouldn't ______________ no matter what would happen.

无论会发生什么我们都不应该改变主意。

③Fred，who had expected how it would go with his daughter，______________.(心里上很担心)

④That she hadn't ____________resulted in failure.(把精力放在工作上)

[句 式 诠 释]

1 insist that从句“坚持……”

(教材原句)Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。

(1)insist on/upon(doing)sth 坚决要求(做)某事

(2)insist on sb's doing sth 坚持要求某人做某事

【点津】　insist后可加由that引导的宾语从句。当insist表示“坚决认为……是对的”时，从句用陈述句语气；当insist表示“坚决要求……，应该……”时，从句用虚拟语气，具体结构用(should)＋do。

【一句辨异】

The boss insisted that the man had stolen the money and insisted that he(should)leave the company at once.

老板坚持说那个人偷了钱并坚持要求他立刻离开公司。

词语辨析　insist，persist，stick to，insist on

①He insisted that we____________________________________________________________.

他坚持让我们马上动身去上海。

②Tom insisted that he ________________.

汤姆坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。

2 be＋adj.＋to do

(教材原句) When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.

当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。

句中的不定式to breathe为主动形式表示被动意义。

用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：

(1)主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式

常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。

(2)主语＋be＋too＋adj.＋不定式

(3)主语＋be＋adj.＋enough＋不定式

(4)have(give，show，get)sth to do

本句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。

(5)It(This，That)＋be＋a/an＋adj＋n.＋to do在这种句型中，不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系，动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。

①They found the lecture of the professor ____________，so they all felt sleepy.

他们觉得教授的讲座难以理解，于是他们都感到瞌睡。

②The water in that river________. 那条河中的水不宜饮用。

【参考答案】

Ⅰ.核心单词

  1.transport　2.persuade　3.schedule　4.attitude　5.prefer；preference　

  6.disadvantage；advantage 7．graduate；graduation　8.organize；organizer；

   organization；organized　9.determine；determined；determination  10．reliable；rely

Ⅱ.重点短语

1. change one's mind　2.give in　3.as usual 4．put up　5.at midnight　

6. 从那以后　7.喜爱；喜欢   8．关心；忧虑；惦念　9.下决心；决定　

10. 在某处或某一时间；曾经

Ⅲ.经典句式

1.It was my sister who     2．insisted that she organize

3．the air would be hard to breathe  4．no matter how hard it is

5．were so high that

[词 汇 精 解]

1 ①prefer to；rather than　②prefer；to be taught；should be taught

2 答案　②A　[考查动词辨析。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也不能说服她。persuade表示“说服”，后三项分别表示“许诺”“邀请”“支持”，语义都不恰当。]

3 ②determines the size of the crop　③determined me to carry on with

4 ①gave in/gave up　②gave；away　③giving in   ④give away　⑤gives in

5 ②change our minds　③had a worry on his mind　④kept her mind on her work

[句 式 诠 释]

1 ①(should) leave for Shanghai at once   ②had never stolen anything

2 ①hard to understand　       ②is not fit to drink

精练

年级：高一年级   科目：英语   类型：同步 

知识点：词汇应用  难度 基础

总题量：3               预估总时间:30 min

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．I prefer to live simply________________(也不愿浪费)the limited resources.

2．He's so stubborn that I'm afraid I can't ____________(说服他改变主意)．

3．After the operation，my father __________________(下定决心戒烟)．

4．Boys，______________________(请记住) that time will change everything.

5．Although the lady looks elegant，actually she ________________．

尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。

6．______________，and I finally had to give in to him. 他坚持要骑车上班，我最后只能向他让步。

II.单项填空

1．(2016·杭州十中高三质检)I have________my husband again and again not to smoke，but I  can't________him.

  A．persuaded；advise  B．advised；persuade  C．suggested；persuade  D．suggested；advise

2．Though they met with much difficulty，the team ________to go on with the experiment.

A．changed their minds       B．made up their minds

C．took their minds        D．gave their minds

3．________to train his daughter in English，he put an ad like this in the paper，“________，an English               teacher for a ten－year－old girl.”

A．Determined；Wanted      B．Determined；Wanting

C．Determine；Wanted      D．Determining；Wanting

4．(2016·南京三模)The old man insisted that I______his wallet and that I______to the police station with him.

A．had taken；go       B．take；should go

C．would take；had gone      D．should take；go

5．(2017·台州模拟)Please call the station to make sure when the earliest train________．

A．leave    B．left   C．leaves     D．is leaving

6．The young lady prefers dressing up for a party to________by others.

A．be noticed       B．being noticed 

C．having been noticed     D．have been noticed

7．(2016·海宁高三质检)When water is heated，it can________a lot of heat.

A．give in   B．give up  C．give off    D．give away

8．Though the temple on the hill is difficult________，we were determined to have a try.

A．reach    B．to get to  C．to arrive    D．got

 III．语法填空

 Humans like to live and work in groups. Language is the “cement” (胶合剂)1　　　　

holds these groups together. Language is part of culture. Culture，in this sense，2　　　　(mean) all those customs，skills，and attitudes that are part of the behaviour of a 3　　　　(particularly) group. What you think 4　　　　what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you 5　　　　(raise).Groups of people live in different ways. They may have different skills，organisations，and art forms. Their family life may be completely different from yours.

Human beings are inventive animals. They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various 6　　　　(situation).Of all living things，human beings are the 7　　　　

(clever).They can choose 8　　　　(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways. Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help 9　　　　(they) realise these choices. Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices 10　　　　(be) the lasting challenge of being human.

【参考答案】

Ⅰ.完成句子

  1.rather than waste        2．persuade him to change his mind

  3．made up his mind to give up smoking  4．please keep in mind

  5．is hard to get along with

  6．He insisted on cycling to work/He insisted that he cycle to work

Ⅱ.单项填空

1　B　[句意：我已经一次又一次地劝说我丈夫不要吸烟，但我没能说服他。advise/suggest“建议；劝说”，但suggest不用不定式作宾补；persuade“说服”，故选B项。  ]

2　B　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管他们遇到很大困难，这个队下定决心继续做实验。make up one's mind“下定决心”，符合句意。change one's mind“改变主意”；C、D两项搭配不正确。]

3　A　[句意：决定培训他女儿的英语，他在报纸上登了一则广告：招聘英文老师一名，教十岁女孩英语。determined在此是过去分词作状语，表示状态；wanted在此意为“招聘”，是招聘广告开头的固定用语。 ]

4　A　[考查insist的用法。句意：那个老人坚持认为我拿了他的钱包，他坚持让我跟他一起去警察局。insist作“坚持；主张”讲时，后面宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋do sth”；作“坚持认为”，即坚持事实时，后面宾语从句不用虚拟语气。]

5　C　[考查一般现在时表将来的用法。句意：请给车站打电话确定一下最早班车几点发。表示按时刻表将要发生某事时，用一般现在时表示将来。]

6　A　[考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：这位年轻女士喜欢晚会化妆是为了能被别人注意到。to be noticed是作目的状语；而不能因为固定的prefer doing...to doing...的结构而误选B项。]

7　C　[考查动词短语。句意：当水被加热时，能发出很多的热量。give off“发出；散发”，符合句意。]

8　B　[动词不定式修饰作表语的形容词，主动表示被动，动词不定式与主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，且不定式中的动词应为及物动词，否则需带上相应介词，故选B。]

III．语法填空

[语篇解读]语言把人类紧紧地联系在一起；人类是有创造力的动物，他们可以通过明智的选择来改善他们的生存环境。

1.that/which　分析句子结构可知，空格及后面是定语从句。此处cement是定语从句的先行词，从句缺少主语，故用that/which引导。

2.means　主语是culture，整个语境是一般现在时态，故谓语动词要用mean的第三人称单数形式means。

3.particular　该空跟在冠词的后面，名词的前面，要用形容词。particularly的形容词形式是particular。

4.and　由后面的谓语动词are可知，此处是并列主语，用and连接两个主语从句。

5.are raised　you和raise之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。

6.situations　various意为“各种各样的”，修饰可数名词复数。

7.cleverest/most clever　由of all living things以及空格前的the可知，此处要填形容词最高级形式。clever的最高级可以是cleverest，也可以是most clever。

8.to live　choose to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”。

9.themselves　句意：只有人类可以选择在哪里生活、如何生活，然后改善现实的环境来帮助他们自己实现这些选择。此处主语是human beings，故填反身代词themselves。

10.is　分析句子结构可知，此处是动名词短语Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices作主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。