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Book1Unit2 English around the world 培优班讲义（含答案）
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年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇拓展
command n. [C]命令，指令；[U]掌握
vt. 命令；指挥，支配；博得，赢得
(牛津)Applicants will be expected to have a good command of computer skills.
申请人必须有很好的电脑技能。
(1)at sb. ’s command 受某人支配
under one’s command
＝under the command of sb. 由某人指挥
(2)take command of 控制
have a good command of 掌握；精通
(尤指语言)
(3)
①I’m at your command—what would you like me to do？我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？
②With a good command of both Chinese and English，she had an advantage over others.
由于精通汉语和英语，她比其他人更有优势。
③The teacher commanded_that the students (should)_hand in their homework after class.
＝The teacher commanded the students to hand in their homework after class.
老师要求学生下课后交作业。
【温馨提示】
command所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”，能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：advise，suggest，recommend
四要求：require，request，demand，desire
request n．&vt. 请求；要求
(朗文)They have made an urgent request for international aid. 他们紧急请求国际援助。
(1)make a request for 请求；要求
at one’s request
＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that. . . (should)do. . .
请求/要求……做某事
It is requested that. . . (should)do. . . 要求……
①The pianist listened to our request that he (should) play in public again.
那位钢琴家听从了我们的请求，答应再次公演。
②(朗文)All members of the club are requested to_attend the annual meeting.
请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。
③It is requested that all the articles should_be_related_to the students’ life.
要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。
【活用】——句型转换
(1)I requested that the students should be well prepared for the exam.
→I ________________________ the students should be well prepared for the exam.
(2)We requested Mr. Wang not to smoke in the office.
→We requested that Mr. Wang ________________________.
答案：(1)made a request that
(2)(should) not smoke in the office
base vt. 以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
(1)base. . . on. . . 根据……；
以……为基础
(2)(sth. ) be based on. . . 以……为基础
(3)basic adj. 基本的，基础的
①(2014·高考四川卷·阅读理解)And their answers should be based on gestures，body language and facial expressions. 他们的答案应当根据他们的手势、肢体语言和面部表情。
②Based_on a true love story，the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.
以一个真实的爱情故事为基础，我们昨天看的电影受到了高度评价。
③The government provides them with not only food and shelter，but also the basic skills for their living. 政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
【活用】——一句多译
这家餐馆建立在信任之上，现在运转正常。
(1)The restaurant ________________ trust，and it is working all right. (base. . . on. . . )
(2)________________，the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)
(3)The restaurant，________________，is working all right. (定语从句)
答案：(1)is based on (2)Based on trust
(3)which is based on trust
recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(教材P13)Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. 虽然美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言。
(1)recognize sb. /one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as. . . 被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognized that. . . 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
①(2014 ·高考重庆卷·阅读理解)Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us，which we fail to recognize. 我们的行为经常是由于我们没有意识到的周围的微小的压力造成的。
②Thus I begin to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.
因此我开始认识到同学们的力量，然后让他们在班级里发挥各自的作用。
③It_is_recognized_that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。
④The city has been built up so fast that it’s changed beyond_recognition.
这座城市建设得真快，已看不出它原来的面貌了。
more than 超过；非常；不只是，不仅是
(教材P9)Do you know that there is more than one kind of English?
你是否知道不仅仅只有一种英语？
(1)
(2)more. . . than. . . 不是……而是……；与其
说……倒不如说……
(3)
①(2014 ·高考湖北卷·完成句子)So far the wellknown journalist has accumulated more_than 4,000 interviews with famous people.
迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积达四千余人次。
②(2014·高考北京卷·阅读理解)Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop，but rather a destination. 另外一个品牌店努力不仅仅成为一个购物的商店，而是购物的终点。
③Come to see me whenever you need help. I’ll be more_than pleased to help you.
你需要帮助可随时来找我。我很乐意帮助你。
④Our English teacher is more_a_friend_than_a_teacher. 我们的英语老师与其说是一位老师倒不如说是一位朋友。
come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；
(太阳、月亮等)升起
(教材P10)I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我愿意来你的公寓。
【活用】——写出下列句中come up的含义
(1)—Alvin，are you coming with us?
—I’d love to，but something unexpected has come up. 发生
(2)An old lady came up to me and asked for directions. 走近
(3)As soon as the project came up at the meeting，it attracted many people’s attention. 被提出
(4)When the moon came up，the young people began their celebration. 升起
(5)I planted some seeds in the yard，But they failed to come up. 发芽
come up with 想出；提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现
come along 跟随
come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
when it comes to. . . 当谈到……
①(2014·高考福建卷·阅读理解) I was amazed that he’d come_up_with this sweet idea.
我很惊奇他能想出这么一个使人心里感到甜甜的、暖暖的主意。
②I can use the computer，but when_it_comes_to repairing it，I know nothing.
我能使用电脑，但谈到修电脑，我一无所知。
make use of 利用；使用
(教材P10)So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到了17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
(1)make full/good use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
take(full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)come into use 开始被使用
put. . . to use 使用
be of great use 很有用
It is no use doing sth. 做……是没用的。
①In my opinion，every minute should be made full use of to learn well.
依我看来，我们应充分利用分分秒秒把学习搞好。
②We should consider what use can be_made_of such a material.
我们应该考虑这样的材料如何运用。
③Last but not least，it’s everyone’s responsibility to make the most of water.
最后，充分利用水资源是每个人的责任。
④I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put_them_to_use whenever possible.
我通常每天记20个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。
【活用1】——完成句子
Time is precious and should ________________(充分利用)．
答案：be made full/good use of/be made the best/most of
【活用2】——句式升级
________________，we should ________________. (用独立主格结构改写上句)
答案：Time being precious；make full/good use of/make the best/most of it
such as 例如……；像这种的
(教材P10)English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. 在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其他国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。
such. . . as 像……这种的；诸如……之类的
for example/instance例如
①In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wider range of choices such_as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有更大的选择范围，像旅游、拜访亲戚朋友等。
②(朗文)Many countries，for example，Mexico and Japan，have a lot of earthquakes.
许多国家，例如墨西哥和日本，经常发生地震。
(教材P10)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
(1)even if或even though意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(2)even so “虽然如此，即使如此”，在句中相当于插入语，放于句中时，even so的前后都要有逗号，将它和句子隔开。
①(2014·高考北京卷·单项填空)Even though the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year. 尽管森林公园很远，每年还是有许多游客前去游览。
②He keeps a habit of taking regular exercise，even if/though he doesn’t have much spare time every day. 尽管他每天没有多少闲暇时间，他依然保持着经常锻炼的习惯。
③Your uncle seems to be a good driver，even so，I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car.
你的叔叔看上去好像一位优秀的司机，即使这样，我也不敢坐他的车旅行。
(教材P13)Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。
句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。
(1)such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
(2)such
(3)such. . . as. . . 像……这样的……，as在句中引导定语从句。
①He was admitted to a very famous university，while I have no such luck. 他被一所非常著名的大学录取了，但我却没有这样的运气。
②Such a book as you showed me is difficult to understand.
像你给我看的这样的书是很难理解的。
③The book is written in such easy English as beginners can easily understand. (as引导定语从句)
→The book is written in such easy English that beginners can easily understand it. (that引导结果状语从句)
这本书用那么简单的英语书写，初学者能容易理解。
精练
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇应用 难度 较难
总题量：5 预估总时间:30 min
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．It is my last ____________(请求)and I shall never ask you anything again.
2．While travelling，you’d better communicate with the ____________(本地人) as much as possible.
3．You’ll have to get ____________(官方的)permission from the headteacher.
4．He visited me now and then，but not as ____________(频繁地)as he used to.
5．____________(以……为基础)on a real story happening in Shenzhen，the film attracted a lot of audience.
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．After the war，a new ____________(govern) was set up for that country.
7．I will give him a present as an ____________(express)of gratitude.
8．As the weather____________(gradual) becomes warmer and warmer，he will pick up soon.
9．As a matter of fact，illness and age changed him beyond____________(recognize)．
10．He said he was a teacher，but ________________ (actual) he had never worked at a school.
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
more than；believe it or not；because of；come up；at present；make good use of；play an important part (in)；base. . . on. . .
1．—I’m ________________ happy to take you there in my car.
—You are so nice. Thank you.
2．There is no way ________________ of predicting what the longterm effects of the accident will be.
3．Many people agree that a good marriage ________________ trust.
4．—I don’t think I can go there with you as planned because something urgent has________________.
—What a shame!
5．________________ the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break when she got to her office.
6．They tried their best to ________________ the chance that their school offered to study hard.
7．________________，they will not carry out their promise.
8．Friends ________________our lives，although we may take friendship for granted.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．After looking over my plan，the manager hoped I could ________ a better and more practical one.
A．come up B．catch up with C．come up with D．get along with
2．I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond________.
A．hearing B．strength C．recognition D．measure
3．How do your classmates react to the head teacher’s request that everyone ________ his cell phone upon arriving at school?
A．must hand in B．should hand out C．hand in D．shall hand out
4．In a society full of challenges and opportunities，in my opinion，it is a must to have a good ________ of a foreign language.
A．communication B．comprehension C．command D．competence
5．The class time should be made good use of ________students understand and grasp the text’s focus on content.
A．helping B．to helping C．help D．to help
6．Our club is open to everyone ________ age，sex or educational background.
A．due to B．except for C．along with D．regardless of
7．With our knowledge ________ practice，we can make great contributions to our society.
A．to base on B．basing on C．based on D．base on
8．Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
A．more than B．rather than C．along with D．or rather
IV. 完成句子
1．即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩，也不应该自满。
____________________ in our work，we should not be proud.
2．任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。
Everything comes with a price；there is __________________ in the world.
3．他迟到了不仅因为他有病，而且因为他误了早班车。
He was late not only ____________________ his illness but also ________ he missed the early bus.
4．他们做出紧急请求，淡水应该立刻供应。
They’ve made an urgent request that the fresh water ____________________.
5．依我看来，与其说小男孩受到伤害倒不如说他受到惊吓。
In my opinion，the boy was ________________________.
V．完形填空
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night，the two of them 1 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning， 3 ，their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 4 under their door during the night. One of their neighbours had written to complain (抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building super-intendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 5 people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning，Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 6 and apologise for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 7 everyone in person，”his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 8 instead?”Dario asked.
They both loved the 9 . Over the next few days，they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 10 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
Finally，the day of the party 11 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 12 . One woman，Mrs Gilbert， 13 Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night，”she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 14 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing. ”
Dario's mother smiled at Mrs Gilbert. “I think maybe we 15 you an apology，”she said. “I didn't 16 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night. ”
“You play，you play!”Mrs Gilbert said. “I like what you play!Just not so loud at night. ”She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 17 music. ”
“These songs are beautiful music，”Dario's mother said. “We will be 18 to play them in the evening. ”
“And we won't play so loud or late!”Dario said. He was already looking forward to 19 the new music. More than that，however，he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of 20 and made him feel that they were home at last.
1. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked
2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry
3. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead
4. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report
5. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice
6. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences
7. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit
8. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
9. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action
10. A. to B. with C. for D. from
11. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
12. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise
13. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served
14. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried
15. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
16. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
17. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
18. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid
19. A. changing B. practising C. recording D. writing
20. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy
【参考答案】
Ⅰ. 品句填词
答案：request
答案：natives
答案：official
答案：frequently
答案：Based
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
答案：government
答案：expression
答案：gradually
答案：recognition
答案：actually
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
答案：more than
答案：at present
答案：is based on
答案：come up
答案：Because of
答案：make good use of
答案：Believe it or not
答案：play an important part in
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：浏览了我的计划后，经理希望我能想出一个更好更实用的计划。come up“被提出，发生”；catch up with“追上，赶上”；come up with“想出，提出”；get along with“与……相处，取得进展”。
2．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：上次我见Sara时，她还是个小女孩，现在她已经变得我都认不出来了。A项意为“听力，听觉”；B项意为“力量”；C项意为“辨认”；D项意为“测量，措施，方法”。因为上次见Sara还是小女孩，所以现在应该是变化很大，认不出来了。故选C。
3．解析：选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：你的同学对班主任要求每个人一到学校就要上交手机有什么反应？分析句子结构可知，空格前的名词“request”后跟一个由“that”引导的同位语从句。request后跟从句时，谓语动词常用“(should)＋动词原形”，由此可排除A、D两项；hand out意为“分发”；hand in意为“上交”，C项符合语境。故选C项。
4．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：我认为，在一个充满挑战与机会的社会里，精通一门外语是必要的。command“掌握”，符合句意。
5．解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：课堂时间应被好好地利用，以帮助学生理解并掌握课文的重点内容。句中应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选D项。
6．解析：选D。考查语境选词。句意：我们的俱乐部对任何人开放，________年龄、性别或教育背景。due to“因为，由于”，后接原因；except for除……之外；along with和……一起；regardless of不管；不顾；不考虑。根据句中的关键词open to everyone可知，俱乐部是对所有人开放，因此是不管/不考虑(regardless of)年龄、性别或教育背景。
7．解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。base. . . on. . . “把……建立在……基础上”。base为及物动词，这里指base our knowledge on practice，base与knowledge之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。
8．解析：选B。结合短语意义辨析考查语境选词。句意：勇于面对你的问题________逃避它们是解决事情的最好办法。more than多于，不仅仅是，非常；rather than而不是；along with跟……一起；or rather更确切地说。由语境可知，此处表示“面对问题而不是(rather than)逃避问题”。
1．答案：Even if we achieve great success
2．答案：no such free lunch
3．答案：because of；because
4．答案：should be supplied at once
5．答案：more frightened than hurt
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主人公一家乔迁新居，喜悦至极，抚琴弹奏，惊扰四邻。我们的主人公是怎样“化干戈为玉帛”，实现与邻居和谐共处的呢？让我们一起来读A Welcome Gift吧！
1.A 由空格后的“They played jazz music...”可知他们在弹钢琴，再根据常识可知他们应该是坐着(sit)。
2.C 根据上文可知他们在弹钢琴，所以是乐曲(music)充满了房间。voice声音，主要指人的嗓音；ring铃声，钟声；cry哭声，喊声。
3.B 根据第一段最后一句话可知，他们那天晚上非常高兴。再根据their happiness disappeared可知前后表示转折，故选however。therefore因此，otherwise否则，instead相反，均不符合语境。
4.A 根据第14空后“So I wrote a short note.”可知，此处应为note(便条)。poster海报；bill账单；report报告。
5.D 根据后文he couldn't imagine any of them had done that可知，楼房管理员认为那里的人们都很好(nice)。proud骄傲的，rich富裕的，lucky幸运的，都不符合语境。
6.A 根据上文“One of their neighbours had written...”可知，是一位邻居留下便条抱怨他们晚上弹钢琴，故他们写信道歉的对象应为neighbour(邻居)。friend朋友；relative亲戚；audience观众，听众。
7.D 根据上文可知，他们打算做些什么向邻居表示歉意，再根据go 和in person(亲自)推断，Dario的妈妈打算亲自去拜访(visit)每一个人。blame责备；instruct指导；question询问。
8.A 根据第11空前的party可知，此处Dario建议邀请邻居来他们家参加派对(party)。concert音乐会；show展出；play戏剧。
9.B 根据前文可知，此处指的是母子俩都喜欢邀请邻居来家里参加派对这个主意(idea)。experience经历，经验；performance表演，演出；action行动，行为。
10.C prepare 与for搭配，构成短语prepare sth.for sb.，意为“为某人准备某物”。
11.B 根据后文“Some guests brought presents...”可知，聚会的那一天终于到来(arrive)了。continue继续；pass过去；finish结束。
12.C 因为人们是来参加派对的，所以带来的甜点是要和别人分享(share)的。order订购；sell卖；advertise做广告。
13.B 根据下文可知，Mrs Gilbert送给Dario的妈妈一本有肖邦的钢琴曲的书。本题考查固定搭配present sb.with sth.“赠予某人某物”。treat对待；help帮助；serve为……提供服务。
14.D 联系空格后的内容that you might play like this every night(你们可能每天晚上都这样弹)可知，那位女士应该是担心(worry)，所以才写了一个便条。promise承诺；admit承认；agree同意。
15.D 根据上文可知，Dario和母亲打算开派对以向邻居道歉，所以Dario的母亲对这位女士说她觉得他们“欠(owe)”她一个道歉。owe sb.an apology意为“该向某人道歉”，为固定搭配。
16.A 根据后一句“Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.(也许我们晚上应该弹一些较轻柔的音乐。)”可知，Dario的母亲当时没有意识到(realise)他们弹钢琴时天已经很晚了。remember记得；understand理解；accept接受。
17.D 根据上文的“Just not so loud at night.”可知，此处应为loud。sweet甜美的，悦耳的；strange奇怪的，陌生的；funny滑稽的，有趣的。
18.C 联系上一句中的These songs are beautiful music可推知，他们很乐意(happy)在晚上弹奏这些音乐。be happy to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”。brave勇敢的；sorry遗憾的；afraid担心的。
19.B 根据上文可知，这位女士送给他们有肖邦的钢琴曲的书就是让他们弹奏的，所以Dario盼望着练习(practise)这些新曲子。change改变；record录制；write写。
20.C 根据上文he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face和下文made him feel that they were home可知，Dario此时的感情应该是正向的，且此处要填的单词跟家和幸福相关，故选C项warmth(温暖)。equality平等；freedom自由；sympathy同情。
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇拓展
command n. [C]命令，指令；[U]掌握
vt. 命令；指挥，支配；博得，赢得
(牛津)Applicants will be expected to have a good command of computer skills.
申请人必须有很好的电脑技能。
(1)at sb. ’s command 受某人支配
under one’s command
＝under the command of sb. 由某人指挥
(2)take command of 控制
have a good command of 掌握；精通
(尤指语言)
(3)
①I’m at your command—what would you like me to do？我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？
②With a good command of both Chinese and English，she had an advantage over others.
由于精通汉语和英语，她比其他人更有优势。
③The teacher commanded_that the students (should)_hand in their homework after class.
＝The teacher commanded the students to hand in their homework after class.
老师要求学生下课后交作业。
【温馨提示】
command所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”，能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆：
一坚持：insist
二命令：order，command
三建议：advise，suggest，recommend
四要求：require，request，demand，desire
request n．&vt. 请求；要求
(朗文)They have made an urgent request for international aid. 他们紧急请求国际援助。
(1)make a request for 请求；要求
at one’s request
＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that. . . (should)do. . .
请求/要求……做某事
It is requested that. . . (should)do. . . 要求……
①The pianist listened to our request that he (should) play in public again.
那位钢琴家听从了我们的请求，答应再次公演。
②(朗文)All members of the club are requested to_attend the annual meeting.
请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。
③It is requested that all the articles should_be_related_to the students’ life.
要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。
【活用】——句型转换
(1)I requested that the students should be well prepared for the exam.
→I ________________________ the students should be well prepared for the exam.
(2)We requested Mr. Wang not to smoke in the office.
→We requested that Mr. Wang ________________________.
答案：(1)made a request that
(2)(should) not smoke in the office
base vt. 以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
(1)base. . . on. . . 根据……；
以……为基础
(2)(sth. ) be based on. . . 以……为基础
(3)basic adj. 基本的，基础的
①(2014·高考四川卷·阅读理解)And their answers should be based on gestures，body language and facial expressions. 他们的答案应当根据他们的手势、肢体语言和面部表情。
②Based_on a true love story，the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.
以一个真实的爱情故事为基础，我们昨天看的电影受到了高度评价。
③The government provides them with not only food and shelter，but also the basic skills for their living. 政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
【活用】——一句多译
这家餐馆建立在信任之上，现在运转正常。
(1)The restaurant ________________ trust，and it is working all right. (base. . . on. . . )
(2)________________，the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)
(3)The restaurant，________________，is working all right. (定语从句)
答案：(1)is based on (2)Based on trust
(3)which is based on trust
recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(教材P13)Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. 虽然美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言。
(1)recognize sb. /one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as. . . 被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognized that. . . 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
①(2014 ·高考重庆卷·阅读理解)Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us，which we fail to recognize. 我们的行为经常是由于我们没有意识到的周围的微小的压力造成的。
②Thus I begin to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.
因此我开始认识到同学们的力量，然后让他们在班级里发挥各自的作用。
③It_is_recognized_that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。
④The city has been built up so fast that it’s changed beyond_recognition.
这座城市建设得真快，已看不出它原来的面貌了。
more than 超过；非常；不只是，不仅是
(教材P9)Do you know that there is more than one kind of English?
你是否知道不仅仅只有一种英语？
(1)
(2)more. . . than. . . 不是……而是……；与其
说……倒不如说……
(3)
①(2014 ·高考湖北卷·完成句子)So far the wellknown journalist has accumulated more_than 4,000 interviews with famous people.
迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积达四千余人次。
②(2014·高考北京卷·阅读理解)Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop，but rather a destination. 另外一个品牌店努力不仅仅成为一个购物的商店，而是购物的终点。
③Come to see me whenever you need help. I’ll be more_than pleased to help you.
你需要帮助可随时来找我。我很乐意帮助你。
④Our English teacher is more_a_friend_than_a_teacher. 我们的英语老师与其说是一位老师倒不如说是一位朋友。
come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；
(太阳、月亮等)升起
(教材P10)I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我愿意来你的公寓。
【活用】——写出下列句中come up的含义
(1)—Alvin，are you coming with us?
—I’d love to，but something unexpected has come up. 发生
(2)An old lady came up to me and asked for directions. 走近
(3)As soon as the project came up at the meeting，it attracted many people’s attention. 被提出
(4)When the moon came up，the young people began their celebration. 升起
(5)I planted some seeds in the yard，But they failed to come up. 发芽
come up with 想出；提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现
come along 跟随
come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
when it comes to. . . 当谈到……
①(2014·高考福建卷·阅读理解) I was amazed that he’d come_up_with this sweet idea.
我很惊奇他能想出这么一个使人心里感到甜甜的、暖暖的主意。
②I can use the computer，but when_it_comes_to repairing it，I know nothing.
我能使用电脑，但谈到修电脑，我一无所知。
make use of 利用；使用
(教材P10)So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到了17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
(1)make full/good use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
take(full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)come into use 开始被使用
put. . . to use 使用
be of great use 很有用
It is no use doing sth. 做……是没用的。
①In my opinion，every minute should be made full use of to learn well.
依我看来，我们应充分利用分分秒秒把学习搞好。
②We should consider what use can be_made_of such a material.
我们应该考虑这样的材料如何运用。
③Last but not least，it’s everyone’s responsibility to make the most of water.
最后，充分利用水资源是每个人的责任。
④I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put_them_to_use whenever possible.
我通常每天记20个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。
【活用1】——完成句子
Time is precious and should ________________(充分利用)．
答案：be made full/good use of/be made the best/most of
【活用2】——句式升级
________________，we should ________________. (用独立主格结构改写上句)
答案：Time being precious；make full/good use of/make the best/most of it
such as 例如……；像这种的
(教材P10)English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. 在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其他国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。
such. . . as 像……这种的；诸如……之类的
for example/instance例如
①In addition to these traditional activities，we have a wider range of choices such_as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有更大的选择范围，像旅游、拜访亲戚朋友等。
②(朗文)Many countries，for example，Mexico and Japan，have a lot of earthquakes.
许多国家，例如墨西哥和日本，经常发生地震。
(教材P10)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
(1)even if或even though意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(2)even so “虽然如此，即使如此”，在句中相当于插入语，放于句中时，even so的前后都要有逗号，将它和句子隔开。
①(2014·高考北京卷·单项填空)Even though the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year. 尽管森林公园很远，每年还是有许多游客前去游览。
②He keeps a habit of taking regular exercise，even if/though he doesn’t have much spare time every day. 尽管他每天没有多少闲暇时间，他依然保持着经常锻炼的习惯。
③Your uncle seems to be a good driver，even so，I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car.
你的叔叔看上去好像一位优秀的司机，即使这样，我也不敢坐他的车旅行。
(教材P13)Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。
句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。
(1)such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
(2)such
(3)such. . . as. . . 像……这样的……，as在句中引导定语从句。
①He was admitted to a very famous university，while I have no such luck. 他被一所非常著名的大学录取了，但我却没有这样的运气。
②Such a book as you showed me is difficult to understand.
像你给我看的这样的书是很难理解的。
③The book is written in such easy English as beginners can easily understand. (as引导定语从句)
→The book is written in such easy English that beginners can easily understand it. (that引导结果状语从句)
这本书用那么简单的英语书写，初学者能容易理解。
精练
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇应用 难度 较难
总题量：5 预估总时间:30 min
Ⅰ. 品句填词
A)根据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。
1．It is my last ____________(请求)and I shall never ask you anything again.
2．While travelling，you’d better communicate with the ____________(本地人) as much as possible.
3．You’ll have to get ____________(官方的)permission from the headteacher.
4．He visited me now and then，but not as ____________(频繁地)as he used to.
5．____________(以……为基础)on a real story happening in Shenzhen，the film attracted a lot of audience.
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
6．After the war，a new ____________(govern) was set up for that country.
7．I will give him a present as an ____________(express)of gratitude.
8．As the weather____________(gradual) becomes warmer and warmer，he will pick up soon.
9．As a matter of fact，illness and age changed him beyond____________(recognize)．
10．He said he was a teacher，but ________________ (actual) he had never worked at a school.
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
more than；believe it or not；because of；come up；at present；make good use of；play an important part (in)；base. . . on. . .
1．—I’m ________________ happy to take you there in my car.
—You are so nice. Thank you.
2．There is no way ________________ of predicting what the longterm effects of the accident will be.
3．Many people agree that a good marriage ________________ trust.
4．—I don’t think I can go there with you as planned because something urgent has________________.
—What a shame!
5．________________ the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break when she got to her office.
6．They tried their best to ________________ the chance that their school offered to study hard.
7．________________，they will not carry out their promise.
8．Friends ________________our lives，although we may take friendship for granted.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．After looking over my plan，the manager hoped I could ________ a better and more practical one.
A．come up B．catch up with C．come up with D．get along with
2．I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond________.
A．hearing B．strength C．recognition D．measure
3．How do your classmates react to the head teacher’s request that everyone ________ his cell phone upon arriving at school?
A．must hand in B．should hand out C．hand in D．shall hand out
4．In a society full of challenges and opportunities，in my opinion，it is a must to have a good ________ of a foreign language.
A．communication B．comprehension C．command D．competence
5．The class time should be made good use of ________students understand and grasp the text’s focus on content.
A．helping B．to helping C．help D．to help
6．Our club is open to everyone ________ age，sex or educational background.
A．due to B．except for C．along with D．regardless of
7．With our knowledge ________ practice，we can make great contributions to our society.
A．to base on B．basing on C．based on D．base on
8．Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
A．more than B．rather than C．along with D．or rather
IV. 完成句子
1．即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩，也不应该自满。
____________________ in our work，we should not be proud.
2．任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。
Everything comes with a price；there is __________________ in the world.
3．他迟到了不仅因为他有病，而且因为他误了早班车。
He was late not only ____________________ his illness but also ________ he missed the early bus.
4．他们做出紧急请求，淡水应该立刻供应。
They’ve made an urgent request that the fresh water ____________________.
5．依我看来，与其说小男孩受到伤害倒不如说他受到惊吓。
In my opinion，the boy was ________________________.
V．完形填空
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night，the two of them 1 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning， 3 ，their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 4 under their door during the night. One of their neighbours had written to complain (抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building super-intendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 5 people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning，Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 6 and apologise for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 7 everyone in person，”his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 8 instead?”Dario asked.
They both loved the 9 . Over the next few days，they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 10 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
Finally，the day of the party 11 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 12 . One woman，Mrs Gilbert， 13 Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night，”she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 14 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing. ”
Dario's mother smiled at Mrs Gilbert. “I think maybe we 15 you an apology，”she said. “I didn't 16 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night. ”
“You play，you play!”Mrs Gilbert said. “I like what you play!Just not so loud at night. ”She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 17 music. ”
“These songs are beautiful music，”Dario's mother said. “We will be 18 to play them in the evening. ”
“And we won't play so loud or late!”Dario said. He was already looking forward to 19 the new music. More than that，however，he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of 20 and made him feel that they were home at last.
1. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked
2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry
3. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead
4. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report
5. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice
6. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences
7. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit
8. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
9. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action
10. A. to B. with C. for D. from
11. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
12. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise
13. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served
14. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried
15. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
16. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
17. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
18. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid
19. A. changing B. practising C. recording D. writing
20. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy
【参考答案】
Ⅰ. 品句填词
答案：request
答案：natives
答案：official
答案：frequently
答案：Based
B)在句中空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
答案：government
答案：expression
答案：gradually
答案：recognition
答案：actually
Ⅱ. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
答案：more than
答案：at present
答案：is based on
答案：come up
答案：Because of
答案：make good use of
答案：Believe it or not
答案：play an important part in
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：浏览了我的计划后，经理希望我能想出一个更好更实用的计划。come up“被提出，发生”；catch up with“追上，赶上”；come up with“想出，提出”；get along with“与……相处，取得进展”。
2．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：上次我见Sara时，她还是个小女孩，现在她已经变得我都认不出来了。A项意为“听力，听觉”；B项意为“力量”；C项意为“辨认”；D项意为“测量，措施，方法”。因为上次见Sara还是小女孩，所以现在应该是变化很大，认不出来了。故选C。
3．解析：选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：你的同学对班主任要求每个人一到学校就要上交手机有什么反应？分析句子结构可知，空格前的名词“request”后跟一个由“that”引导的同位语从句。request后跟从句时，谓语动词常用“(should)＋动词原形”，由此可排除A、D两项；hand out意为“分发”；hand in意为“上交”，C项符合语境。故选C项。
4．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：我认为，在一个充满挑战与机会的社会里，精通一门外语是必要的。command“掌握”，符合句意。
5．解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：课堂时间应被好好地利用，以帮助学生理解并掌握课文的重点内容。句中应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选D项。
6．解析：选D。考查语境选词。句意：我们的俱乐部对任何人开放，________年龄、性别或教育背景。due to“因为，由于”，后接原因；except for除……之外；along with和……一起；regardless of不管；不顾；不考虑。根据句中的关键词open to everyone可知，俱乐部是对所有人开放，因此是不管/不考虑(regardless of)年龄、性别或教育背景。
7．解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。base. . . on. . . “把……建立在……基础上”。base为及物动词，这里指base our knowledge on practice，base与knowledge之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。
8．解析：选B。结合短语意义辨析考查语境选词。句意：勇于面对你的问题________逃避它们是解决事情的最好办法。more than多于，不仅仅是，非常；rather than而不是；along with跟……一起；or rather更确切地说。由语境可知，此处表示“面对问题而不是(rather than)逃避问题”。
1．答案：Even if we achieve great success
2．答案：no such free lunch
3．答案：because of；because
4．答案：should be supplied at once
5．答案：more frightened than hurt
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主人公一家乔迁新居，喜悦至极，抚琴弹奏，惊扰四邻。我们的主人公是怎样“化干戈为玉帛”，实现与邻居和谐共处的呢？让我们一起来读A Welcome Gift吧！
1.A 由空格后的“They played jazz music...”可知他们在弹钢琴，再根据常识可知他们应该是坐着(sit)。
2.C 根据上文可知他们在弹钢琴，所以是乐曲(music)充满了房间。voice声音，主要指人的嗓音；ring铃声，钟声；cry哭声，喊声。
3.B 根据第一段最后一句话可知，他们那天晚上非常高兴。再根据their happiness disappeared可知前后表示转折，故选however。therefore因此，otherwise否则，instead相反，均不符合语境。
4.A 根据第14空后“So I wrote a short note.”可知，此处应为note(便条)。poster海报；bill账单；report报告。
5.D 根据后文he couldn't imagine any of them had done that可知，楼房管理员认为那里的人们都很好(nice)。proud骄傲的，rich富裕的，lucky幸运的，都不符合语境。
6.A 根据上文“One of their neighbours had written...”可知，是一位邻居留下便条抱怨他们晚上弹钢琴，故他们写信道歉的对象应为neighbour(邻居)。friend朋友；relative亲戚；audience观众，听众。
7.D 根据上文可知，他们打算做些什么向邻居表示歉意，再根据go 和in person(亲自)推断，Dario的妈妈打算亲自去拜访(visit)每一个人。blame责备；instruct指导；question询问。
8.A 根据第11空前的party可知，此处Dario建议邀请邻居来他们家参加派对(party)。concert音乐会；show展出；play戏剧。
9.B 根据前文可知，此处指的是母子俩都喜欢邀请邻居来家里参加派对这个主意(idea)。experience经历，经验；performance表演，演出；action行动，行为。
10.C prepare 与for搭配，构成短语prepare sth.for sb.，意为“为某人准备某物”。
11.B 根据后文“Some guests brought presents...”可知，聚会的那一天终于到来(arrive)了。continue继续；pass过去；finish结束。
12.C 因为人们是来参加派对的，所以带来的甜点是要和别人分享(share)的。order订购；sell卖；advertise做广告。
13.B 根据下文可知，Mrs Gilbert送给Dario的妈妈一本有肖邦的钢琴曲的书。本题考查固定搭配present sb.with sth.“赠予某人某物”。treat对待；help帮助；serve为……提供服务。
14.D 联系空格后的内容that you might play like this every night(你们可能每天晚上都这样弹)可知，那位女士应该是担心(worry)，所以才写了一个便条。promise承诺；admit承认；agree同意。
15.D 根据上文可知，Dario和母亲打算开派对以向邻居道歉，所以Dario的母亲对这位女士说她觉得他们“欠(owe)”她一个道歉。owe sb.an apology意为“该向某人道歉”，为固定搭配。
16.A 根据后一句“Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.(也许我们晚上应该弹一些较轻柔的音乐。)”可知，Dario的母亲当时没有意识到(realise)他们弹钢琴时天已经很晚了。remember记得；understand理解；accept接受。
17.D 根据上文的“Just not so loud at night.”可知，此处应为loud。sweet甜美的，悦耳的；strange奇怪的，陌生的；funny滑稽的，有趣的。
18.C 联系上一句中的These songs are beautiful music可推知，他们很乐意(happy)在晚上弹奏这些音乐。be happy to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”。brave勇敢的；sorry遗憾的；afraid担心的。
19.B 根据上文可知，这位女士送给他们有肖邦的钢琴曲的书就是让他们弹奏的，所以Dario盼望着练习(practise)这些新曲子。change改变；record录制；write写。
20.C 根据上文he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face和下文made him feel that they were home可知，Dario此时的感情应该是正向的，且此处要填的单词跟家和幸福相关，故选C项warmth(温暖)。equality平等；freedom自由；sympathy同情。
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