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2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义：第1部分Book3 Unit3 Backtothepast
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Book 3 Unit 3 Back to the past
晨读暮诵 单元话题——文化遗产
1．ancestor n．祖先
2．nation n．国家；民族
3．origin n．起源；起因
4．altitude n．海拔；高度
5．replace v．取代；替换
6．account v．认为；说明
7．defend v．保护；保卫
8．announce v．宣告；宣布
9．previous adj.早先的
10．ancient adj.古代的
11．in the distance 在远处
12．in return 作为回报
13．at one time 一度；从前
14．to one's credit 值得赞扬
15．tell apart 区别
16．come into being 开始存在；产生
17．believe it or not 信不信由你
18．leave sth.to sb. 把某物留给某人
1．I'm convinced that as long as we set our mind to it，we can protect the cultural heritages left by our ancestors.
我坚信，只要下定决心，我们就能保护好祖先留给我们的文化遗产。
2．The temple is a national cultural heritage，with a history of about 1,000 years.
这座寺庙是国家级文化遗产，有着大约一千年的历史。
3．China lies in the east of Asia，with an area of about 9.6 million square kilometers.
中国地处亚洲东部，面积约960万平方千米。
4．The coastal line covers more than 18,000 kilometers.
海岸线长达18 000多千米。
(2018·高考北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
(1)表示欢迎；
(2)推荐他上哪所大学；
(3)建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：(1)词数不少于50；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Jim，
I'm so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter.First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.As for preparation, some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it's my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes.If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
Yours，
Li_Hua
[高频词汇]
1．________ (n.)文明
2．________ (vt.)装饰，装潢
3．________ (vt.)毁坏，摧毁
4．________ (adj.)商业的，贸易的
5．________ (adj.)富有的，富裕的
6．________ (adv.)渐渐地，逐渐地
7．________ (n.)废墟；毁坏(vt.)破坏；毁灭
8．________ (n.)遗物，遗迹，遗骸
9．________ (prep.)在……之下
10．________(vi.)爆炸
11．________ (adj.)极度的；极端的
12．________ (n.)表达；表情，神色
13．________ (n.)观众，听众
14．________ (n.)仪式，典礼
15．________ (vt.)宣布，宣称
16．________ (vi.&n.)前进，进发；游行
17．________ (n.)辉煌；荣耀；光荣
18．________ (adv.)(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
19．________ (n.)基础；基准；原因
20．________(n.)法官，审判员；裁判员
【答案】1.civilization 2.decorate 3.destroy 4.commercial
5．wealthy 6.gradually 7.ruin 8.remains 9.beneath
10．explode 11.extreme 12.expression 13.audience
14．ceremony 15.declare 16.march 17.glory 18.ahead
19．basis 20.judge
[派生词汇]
1．________ (vt.)兴建，创建→________(过去式、过去分词)
2．________ (adj.)不幸的，遗憾的→________ (adj.)幸运的→________(adv.)幸运
3．________ (vt&vi.)逃避，逃跑→________(过去式、过去分词)
4．________ (adj.)意识到的，察觉到的→________(adj.)意识不到的→________(n.)意识
5．________ (n.)毒药，毒物(vt)．毒害，下毒→________(adj.)有毒的
6．________(adj.)文化的→________(n.)文化
[词缀归纳]
wealthy是由“名词wealth＋后缀y”构成的形容词。常见的含有后缀y的高频形容词有：cloudy多云的；lucky幸运的；healthy健康的；funny滑稽的；salty多盐的。
【答案】1.found；founded 2.unfortunate；fortunate；fortunately 3.flee；fled 4.aware；unaware；awareness 5.poison；poisonous 6.cultural；culture
[语境活用]
1．We should make him ________(意识到) of the importance of stopping smoking.
2．Old people can't live in the ________ (极端的) weather because they can't stand the climate too hot or too cold.
3．Muhammad Ali returned to the Olympic Games in Atlanta in 1996 to light the Olympic flame at the opening ______(仪式)．
4．The book was highly praised by some experts, but it did not prove to be such a ________(商业的) success.
5．A British club arranged for high school students to go to the places where there are lost ________(文明)．
6．The soldiers m________ twenty miles with ease the other day.
7．Even the newlybuilt tower was d________ in this terrible earthquake.
8．We judge a worker on the b________ of his performance.
9．As we all know, France is the first country to d________ war on Libya.
10．The two children want to d________ their mom's bedroom with these roses.
【答案】1.aware 2.extreme 3.ceremony 4.commercial 5.civilizations 6.marched 7.destroyed 8.basis 9．declare 10.decorate
1．take ________ 夺取；接管
2．________ protection 受保护
3．turn ________ 结果是
4．break ________ 分解；失败；崩溃；抛锚
5．together ________ 与……一起
6．be divided ________ 被划分为
7．________ exhibition 展出，展览
8．carry ________ 执行，贯彻，完成
9．in memory ________ 纪念
10．________ doubt 无疑，确实
11．rise up ________ 起义
12．stand ________ one's path 阻碍(某人)
13．come down ________ 患(病)
14．make sb.aware ________ 让某人意识到
15．have enough ________ 对……感到厌烦
16．declare war ________ 向……宣战
【答案】1.over 2.under 3.out 4.down 5.with 6.into
7．on 8.out 9.of 10.no 11.against 12.in 13.with 14.of
15．of 16.against
[语境活用]
1．Since keeping positive is beneficial to the progress of our work and study, we should struggle not to let negative ideas take ________.
2．________ memory of China's Youth's Day, a celebration evening took place on our campus.It was a success.
3．——What a great cook your sister is!
——Yeah! We can never have enough ________ her cookies.
4．The government has made us aware ________ the importance of protecting the environment.
5．Women's sports are breaking ________ the barriers in previously maledominated domains.
6．I had an argument about politics with my father, but there was ________ doubt that we still loved each other.
7．He is optimistic and insists on carrying out the plan, so you'd better not stand ________ his path.
8．If a neighbor comes ________ with an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.
9．With a number of people rise up ________ him, the foreigner ran away quickly.
10．They will carry ________ this experimentation, regardless of what happens.
【答案】1.over 2.In 3.of 4.of 5.down 6.no 7.in 8.down 9.against 10.out
1. [原句] Near the city was a volcano.
[点拨] 介词短语位于句首，且谓语是be动词或表示姿势(stand，lie，sit等)或位移(go，run，come，rise等)的动词时，句子常用全部倒装。
[仿写] 邻桌坐着一个正在等人的漂亮姑娘。
At the next table ________________ waiting for someone.
2. [原句] The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand—what a pity!
[点拨] “the city being buried by sand”为动名词的复合结构作resulted in 的宾语。
[仿写] 我们队有获胜的希望吗？
Is there any hope of ________________？
3. [原句] In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.
[点拨] “with 1,177 men on board”为“with＋宾语＋分词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。
[仿写] 她眼中含着眼泪说了声再见。
She said goodbye ________________.
【答案】1.was/sat a pretty girl 2.our team winning the match 3.with tears in her eyes
第一板块 核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．ruin n．[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭/坏，使破产
(1)in ruins 成为废墟
(2)fall/come into ruin 被破坏了，被毁了
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
be ruined by 被……破坏
①A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
可怕的地震使全城沦为一片废墟。
②Many ancient sculptures fell ________ ruin after the flood.
洪灾过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。
③Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passersby.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。
【答案】②into
2．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物
(1)the remains of… ……的遗迹
(2)remain v. 留下；仍然是
remain＋adj./n./p.p 仍然是……
remain to be done 有待于被做
(3)remaining adj. 剩余的
①She remained at home to look after the children.
她留在家里照顾孩子。
②Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.
我们的教育工作有许多问题要解决，有许多事情要做。
③She used the ________ 50 dollars to buy her mother a skirt.
她用剩下的五十美元给她妈妈买了一条裙子。
【答案】③remaining
[温馨提示] (1)当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left 常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
(2)remain多用作系动词，后常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式的被动形式。
3．complain vi.抱怨
(1)complain(to sb.)about/of sth./that… (向某人)抱怨……
complain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint against/about… 对……进行投诉
①Still others lay the blame on the Americans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.
仍旧有一些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐而使体重增加了好几磅。
②Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain ________ how hard their lives are.
甚至仍旧有一些享受完全公正的明星也抱怨他们的生活是多么艰难。
③I am now writing to make a complaint ________ the service of your hotel.
我写此信意在投诉贵宾馆的服务。
【答案】②about ③against/about
4．declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称；声明
declare for /against… 公开支持/反对……
declare war on/against 对……宣战
declare that… 宣布……
declare sb./sth.(to be) 宣布某人/某事(是)……
①Police have now declared war on drug dealers in the area.
警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。
②The commission declared against the proposed scheme.
委员会反对所提的计划。
③He publicly declared himself ________ a candidate for president.
他公开宣布自己是总统候选人。
【答案】③to be
5．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(1)be aware that… 知道……；意识到
be/become aware of 知道/意识到
as far as I am aware 就我所知
make sb.aware of 使某人意识到
(2)awareness n. 认识，意识
①Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.
Emerald Valley是唯一一个意识到光污染负面影响的社区。
②As far as I'm aware，nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知，还没有人对此采取任何措施。
③Health officials have tried to raise people's ________ about AIDS.
卫生官员一直努力提高人们对于艾滋病的意识。
【答案】③awareness
(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ，阅读理解B)Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.
[翻译]每个人都能买到外卖食品，但有时我们并没有意识到我们自己能以多低的价格做这些食品。
6．judge n．法官，审判员；裁判员v.判断；审判；裁判
(1)judge…by/from 根据……判断……
judging by /from… 据……判断
so/as far as sb. can judge 依某人看
(2)judg(e)ment n. 判断，判断力；看法
①Wearing proper clothes is important too，for locals will judge you by what you wear.
穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你的穿着来判断你。
②________ by/from the response of the audience, the performance was quite a success.
从观众的反应看来，这次演出相当成功。
③I respect his ________ and I'll follow any advice he gives me.
我尊重他的判断力，会接受他提出的任何建议。
【答案】②Judging ③judgement
[温馨提示] judging from/by常看作是固定短语，在句子中一般作状语，即独立成分，judging不能换成judged。
[巧学助记]
Judging from his clothes，I judge that he is a judge.
从他的服装判断，我断定他是个法官。
7．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管
take up 拿起；占用；开始(从事)
take off 起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功
take in 吸收；欺骗；理解
take down 记录下来；拆除
take on 承担；呈现；雇用
take charge of 负责，掌管
take part in 参加，出席
①His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.
他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是接管它。
②As wheel design took ________，vehicles got faster and faster.
随着车轮的设计开始成功，车辆变得越来越快。
③He's the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the Model United Nations Conference.
他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的学生。
【答案】②off
8．in memory of 纪念
in honour of 为了纪念
in search of 寻找
in need of 需要
in favor of 赞同，有利于
in charge of 负责，掌管
in place of 代替
①A monument has been set up in memory/honour of their dear teacher，who made great contributions to education.
他们已经竖立了一块纪念碑来纪念他们敬爱的老师，这位老师对教育作出了巨大的贡献。
②I've been put in charge of the team.
我被指派全权负责这个队。
③The candidate stood aside ________ a more suitable man.
那位候选人退出竞选，把机会让给一位更合适的人。
【答案】③in favour of
9．no doubt无疑，确实
(1)there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……
there is some doubt whether… 怀疑是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问
(2)doubt that… 不信，怀疑……
doubt whether/if… 怀疑/不相信是否……
①No doubt she'll call us when she gets there.
她到达那儿时必定会给我们打电话。
②There is no doubt ________ children there are badly in need of care and help.
毫无疑问，那里的儿童非常需要关怀和帮助。
③There's some doubt ________ he has the ability to do the job.
他是否有能力做这项工作有些疑问。
【答案】②that ③whether
[温馨提示]
doubt
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After he graduated from college, he took________ his father's business.
2．Today the ________(remain)of ancient Rome have become a scenic spot to tourists from all over the world.
3．He ________ (flee) to London after he had an argument with his family.
4．I am writing to you to complain ________ the shoes I bought a week ago from your shop.
5．I never doubted ________ you could succeed in setting a new world record.
6．Anyone who has spent some time with children must become aware________ the difference in the way boys and girls react to similar situations.
7．The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city ________ honour of Athena，the goddess of wisdom.
8．It snowed continuously for seven days，completely ________(ruin) our holiday.
9．On 14 April, 2018, US President Donald Trump asked that the US declare war ________ Syria.
10．Mary used to be shy, but is ________(gradual)getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
【答案】1.over 2.remains 3.fled 4.about/against
5．that 6.of 7.in 8.ruining 9.against 10.gradually
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After the earthquake I went there，I saw the whole town in ruin，and now everything has changed.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Judged from his expression，we know that he is pleased with it.
_____________________________________________________________
3．We were taken off by his innocent，boyish looks.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Unfortunate，it rained heavily on Saturday，and I had to stay at home.
_____________________________________________________________
5．There is no doubt whether nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.ruin→ruins 2.Judged→Judging 3.off→in
4．Unfortunate→Unfortunately 5.whether→that
第二板块 经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand—what a pity!
这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！
本句是but连接的并列句，resulted in 后面的宾语the city being buried by sand是动名词的复合结构。city与bury之间存在被动关系，故用being buried。
(1)动名词的复合结构作宾语或表语时，如果动名词的逻辑主语指人，那么该逻辑主语可以用普通格或名词所有格；若指无“生命”的事物，则用普通格。
①The accident led to five people's being killed，including a child.
那起事故导致五人丧生，包括一个孩子。
②What worried the child most was ____________ to visit his mother in the hospital.
最让那个孩子担心的是不允许他到医院看妈妈。
(2)动名词复合结构作主语时，则动名词的逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。
③Tom’s coming home late worries his mother.
汤姆的晚归使他妈妈担心。
④____________ for the meeting made the schoolmaster very angry.
他开会迟到让校长很生气。
【答案】②his not being allowed ④His being late
2．In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.
在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。
句中with 1,177 men on board为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
(1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”在语法上常被称为“with的复合结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况
(2)“with的复合结构”常作伴随、方式、原因、时间、条件等状语，也可以作定语
(3)作宾语的可以是名词或代词，作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词
①With spring coming on，trees turn green.(时间状语)
春天到了，树变绿了。
②He doesn't like to sleep with the windows open.(方式状语)
他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
③The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold.(后置定语)
只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。
④I wouldn't dare go home ________________.
工作还没完成，我不敢回家。
⑤The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him.
有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。
【答案】④with the job unfinished
[温馨提示] 在“with复合结构”中，要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系，根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等区别来选择正确的非谓语形式作补足语。
(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ，阅读理解C)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.
[分析] 本句中with only a few elderly speakers left为with的复合结构。
[翻译] 6800种语言中已经超过400种语言正濒临灭绝，只剩下几个年长的人说这些语言了。
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He felt more uneasy when the whole class were staring at him.
→He felt more uneasy ____________________ at him.
2．Tom was elected to be the coach of the team.Have you heard of that?
→Have you heard of ________________ to be the coach of the team?
3．Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.
→Traditions ____________________ sealed in glass boxes at museums.
4．I have a lot of work to do this evening.I can't go to the cinema with you.
→____________________ this evening，I can't go to the cinema with you.
5．Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and I also have two eggs every morning.
→Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and ________ I.
【答案】1.with the whole class staring 2.Tom's being elected 3.are believed not to be 4.With a lot of work to do 5.so do
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。
1．古代文明的人们在世界上建造了许多辉煌的建筑物。(civilization)
2．其中有的已经消失了，有一些今天仍然存在。(remain)
3．然而，这些余下的建筑物正在遭受损坏。(in ruins)
4．所以保护好这些文化遗产就非常必要，因为它们能帮助我们了解过去的历史并且学到很多东西。(it's very important to… )
【参考范文】
People from ancient civilizations built many splendid buildings around the world.Some of them have disappeared，while others remain today.However，many of the remaining structures are in ruins.So，it is very important to protect cultural relics because they can help us learn about the history of the past and we can learn a lot from them.
[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·大连八中高三模拟)You may be wondering what Shreveport is like as you book your trip.The Hustler breaks down what to know and what to do during your time in the city.
Search for Bigfoot
Located about 20 miles northwest of Shreveport, Caddo Lake has been the location of frequent Bigfoot sightings over the years.Stop by the Whole Foods on 1380E 70th St，pack up your picnic，take your telescope and spend an attractive afternoon looking for likely animals!
Where to Eat
HerbyK's Restaurant: HerbyK's is one of those classic holeinthewall spots with a legendary reputation，according to Southern Living.
Crawdaddy's Kitchen: It amazes me how truthful people are in writing reviews; this was an awesome meal，according to Twins2Garner，Yelp Review.
Real BBQ(烧烤野餐) and More: Real BBQ and More is a simple roadside barbeque stand in southwestern Shreveport, according to Louisiana Life Travel.
Things to Do in Shreveport
If you're going to have some extra time in Shreveport before or after Vanderbilt's bowl game，you'll want to explore the city.The R．W.Norton Art Gallery is a free museum, which is currently featuring two exhibits：“Enlist! Art Goes to War,1914～1918”and “Scarlett Passions，Bellocq's Storyville”．
For those who are interested in science，SciPort，Louisiana's Science Center，is located in Shreveport.The center holds nearly 300 current exhibits in math，space and science，in addition to an IMAX theater and laser space Dome Planetarium.
The Touchstone Wildlife & Art Museum is a popular Shreveport destination，home to an impressively large and diverse collection.
How to Get to Shreveport
If you want to reach Shreveport, your best option might be Shreveport Regional Airport.They offer direct flights to and from a number of major cities in the United States，including Atlanta and Las Vegas.You may need a quick connecting flight，but Shreveport's airport is there and is probably the quickest way to the city.
1．Where will we go if we are interested in the mystery of the natural world?
A．Caddo Lake.
B．The R．W.Norton Art Gallery.
C．SciPort.
D．The Touchstone Wildlife & Art Museum.
2．Why is Real BBQ and More recommended?
A．Visitors can know more about its reputation.
B．Visitors can have a barbecue on the roadside.
C．Visitors can have a picnic in the open air.
D．Visitors can order some awesome meals.
3．What had we better do as a movie fan if we feel tired after exploring the city?
A．See a movie in SciPort.
B．Go to the free museum.
C．Enjoy diverse collections.
D．Watch an exciting bowl game.
4．What can be concluded from the text?
A．Shreveport is in lack of tour resources.
B．Shreveport has a relatively short history.
C．Shreveport has developed movie industry.
D．Shreveport provides convenient air services.
【答案与解析】
1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Located about 20 miles northwest of Shreveport, Caddo Lake has been the location of frequent Bigfoot sightings over the years.”可知，如果对自然界的奥秘感兴趣，可以去Caddo湖。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第五段Real BBQ and More：的内容可知，因为游客能在路边烧烤，所以推荐Real BBQ and More。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第七段“The center holds nearly 300 current exhibits in math，space and science，in addition to an IMAX theater and laser space Dome Planetarium.”可推断，我们可以在SciPort看电影，与试题中的A选项说法一致。故正确答案为A。
4．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推断，Shreveport提供便捷的航空服务。
B
(2019·北京东城区高三综合练习)Most kids love breaks, but for Hannah Kristan, a break was her least favorite part of the school day.“I never got to do anything except sit there，” she recalls.
Hannah was born with a disease that kept the bones in her back from forming properly.She uses a wheelchair.Sadly, for kids like her, most playground equipment is off limits.In fact, Hannah is one of 5 million kids in the United States who cannot use traditional playground equipment because of some type of disability.
Then Hannah heard about Boundless Playgrounds—playgrounds without limits for children with disabilities.The wonderful group behind Boundless Playgrounds helps communities create special playgrounds for children of all abilities.There are swings and sand boxes specially designed for kids with physical disabilities.Kids with vision problems can enjoy the movement of swings and also use musical activities such as chime walls.Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.
The inspiration for Boundless Playgrounds was a playground created by Amy Jaffe Barzach.It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son.Jonathan's Dream and many Boundless Playgrounds around the country have a glider swing that can be used by kids who use wheelchairs and their friends.The glider swing at Jonathan's Dream was designed by Matthew Cavedon, who wasn't even 10 years old at the time.Matthew was motivated because he used a wheelchair himself and wanted to be able to have fun at playgrounds with other kids, regardless of their physical abilities or disabilities.
The basic idea behind Boundless Playground is that play is both part of the joy of childhood and an important way for children to learn about the world.Kids who are kept away from playgrounds are denied this enjoyment as well as the learning.Far from being a place of happy excitement, traditional playgrounds are often places of separation and loneliness for those who can't join in the fun.
Contrary to some strict ideas about what a playground for children with special needs should be like, a Boundless Playground is every bit as colorful and challenging as a traditional playground.That's why it is inviting and fun for all children.And for Hannah, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.
5．What did Hannah Kristan do?
A．She designed Boundless Playground.
B．She invented a swing for the disabled.
C．She collected money for the playground.
D．She donated equipment to her hometown.
6．We can learn from the passage that Boundless Playgrounds ________.
A．provide training instructions for the disabled children
B．borrowed the idea from Jonathan's Dream
C．were invented by Amy Jaffe Barzach
D．are financed by communities
7．What is Hanna and Matthew's dream?
A．To overcome their disabilities.
B．To receive special physical training.
C．To get equal chances of playing and learning.
D．To acquire understanding from their fellow students.
【答案与解析】
5．C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.”可知，汉娜为这个新的游乐场帮助筹集资金。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son.”以及第四段可知，Boundless Playgrounds借用了“乔纳森的梦想”的想法。
7．C 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和文章最后一句“And for Hannah, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.”可推断，他们的梦想是得到平等的学习和玩耍的机会。
C
Early risers are most likely to be healthy，wealthy and wise，according to the old saying.But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have advantages，researchers say.They have found that night owls(夜猫子)are generally brighter and wealthier than those who are able to get up early in the morning.
Experts from the University of Madrid carried out tests on around 1,000 teenagers and found that those who preferred to stay up late showed the kind of intelligence linked good jobs and earn much money.Larks or morning people，however，often get better exam results，possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of the day for night owls.
The researchers examined the habits and body clocks of the young people to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep later in the morning，or preferred to go to bed early and were at their best state in the morning.School performance and problem solving ability，were judged and test grades in the major subjects were also taken into consideration.
The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning(归纳推理)，which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator(指示器) of academic performance.
Jim Horne，professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University，said，“Evening types tend to be the more creative types，the poets，artists and inventors，while the morning types are considered to be civil servants and accountants(会计)．”
8. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Who Are Night Owls?
B．Night Owls Are Brighter and Wealthier
C．The Jobs of Night Owls
D．The School Performance of Night Owls
9. The researchers from the University of Madrid found________.
A. morning people will probably find good jobs and earn a lot
B．morning people show higher intelligence from an early age
C．night owls may earn more money than morning people
D．night owls might be healthier than morning people
10．Early risers often do well in exams possibly because________.
A．they go to bed by 10 p．m.regularly
B．lessons are held at the right time for them
C．they make full preparations before exam
D．they have longer time to prepare for their lessons
11．The research may include questions about the following EXCEPT________.
A．favorite sports
B．grades in main subjects
C．living habits and body clocks
D．school performance
【答案与解析】
8．B 主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。研究人员表明，夜猫子一般比早起的人更聪明，也更富有。
9．C 细节理解题。由文章第二段“those who preferred to stay up late…and earn much money”可知夜猫子挣钱更多，故C为正确选项。
10．B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls”可知B为正确选项。
11．A 细节理解题。第三段提到了“the habits and body clocks，school performance，test grades，”但未提到favorite sports。
D
(2019·浙江省高三“五校联考”)Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts.Now, the Emojiquake campaign is lobbying_for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set—the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide.The campaign aims to find an earthquakeappropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.
“Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes，” explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr.Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign.“So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”
Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring.Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media.“You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself，” explains Dr.Hicks.“That can be life saving in many cases.Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”
Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information.Dr.Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, “Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language.”
The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes.A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.
12．According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target?
A．Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.
B．Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.
C．Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.
D．Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.
13．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “lobbying for” in the first paragraph?
A．Hoping for. B．Entering for.
C．Appealing for. D．Runing for.
14．What can we infer from Dr.Sara McBride's words about emoji?
A．Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot.
B．Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.
C．Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.
D．Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.
15．The best title of the passage should be __________.
A．Could an emoji save our life?
B．What can emoji do in our life?
C．How is emoji changing our life?
D．Do we really know about emoji?
【答案与解析】
12．A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推断，因为地震威胁着不同地区的许多人，因此这个组织选择地震作为他们的目标。
13．C 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知，地震符号表情组织正在呼吁将地震表情符号加入Unicode，Unicode是全球数字设备上可用的标准图标组。由此可推断，lobby for意为“呼吁，游说”。
14．D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Dr. Sara Mc Bride的话可推断，表情符号是一种通用的语言，也是交流中有用的工具。
15．A 标题概括题。文章开头第一句以及文章最后一段第一句The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes.提出了本文的主旨，即表情符号在紧急情况下可以帮助人们挽救生命。
Ⅱ.七选五
If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station，you don't need to feel surprised.They are a flash mob.Who are they? Are they mobs(暴民)？ 1 Actually，a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place，do something unusual for a brief period of time，and then quickly separate.
A flash mob is usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks. 2 At a predetermined time，they gather and perform some tasks such as exchanging books，coming together to look at the sky，waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds.Then，they quickly disappear before the police can arrive.
Bill Wasik organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3,2003 at Macy's department store.More than one hundred people stepped onto the ninth floor carpet department of Macy's department store，gathering around an expensive carpet.Following this flash mob，about 200 people flooded the lounge of the Hyatt Hotel and applauded for about fifteen seconds. 3
Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people.Such an activity might seem amusing，but it might also frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. 4 They also have enormous economic potential，such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.
5 People use it to do many things.For example，in 2009，Michael Jackson's fans took part in a flash mob to remember him.Hundreds of his fans gathered outside the railway station in Liverpool.They were singing and dancing Michael's famous song Beat It together.
A．Don't be confused by their name.
B．People are attracted by the silly and harmless activities.
C．The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular.
D．Using mobile phones，the flash mob can change their gathering place.
E．A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.
F．The messages may be forwarded to friends，who forward to more people.
G．Undoubtedly，flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction.
【答案】1～5 AFEGC
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I was a child，my mom liked to prepare food for dinner，every now and then.And I remember one night in__1__when she made dinner after a long，hard day at work.
That Monday evening so long ago，my mom__2__a plate of eggs，sausage，and extremely burnt toast(吐司) in front of my dad.I remember__3__to see if dad noticed！__4__all my dad did was reach for his toast，smile at my mom，and ask me how my day was__5__.I don't remember what I told him that night，but I do remember watching him__6__butter and jelly(果冻) on that toast and eat every__7__！
When I got up from the__8__that evening，I remember hearing my mom__9__to my dad for burning the toast.And I'll never forget what he said，“Baby，I love__10__toast.”
Later that night，I went to kiss Daddy goodnight and I asked him if he__11__liked his burnt toast.He__12__me in his arms and said，“Son，your mum put in a__13__day at work today and she's very__14__.Besides，a little burnt toast never__15__anyone! ”
Actually，life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people.We can't be__16__at everything we do.What I've learned over the years is that learning to__17__each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's__18__is one of the most important keys to creating a healthy，growing，and lasting__19__.
If you learn to take the good，the bad，and the ugly parts of your life as they are，you can__20__your life to the fullest.
1．A.particular B．general
C．brief D．detail
2．A.supplied B．placed
C．managed D．offered
3. A．longing B．standing
C．waiting D．sitting
4．A.And B．So
C．Then D．Yet
5．A.at school B．at home
C．at work D．at church
6．A.cover B．spread
C．extend D．deliver
7. A．egg B．sausage
C．bite D．toast
8. A．chair B．bed
C．sofa D．table
9. A．apologize B．talk
C．whisper D．report
10．A.frozen B．burnt
C．dry D．fresh
11．A.exactly B．certainly
C．really D．specially
12. A．raised B．pulled
C．surrounded D．touched
13. A．hard B．comfortable
C．simple D．plain
14．A.sad B．tired
C．impatient D．careless
15. A．damages B．destroys
C．hurts D．bothers
16．A.ready B．clever
C．skillful D．good
17. A．accept B．receive
C．admit D．allow
18. A．tempers B．differences
C．characters D．personalities
19．A.circle B．scholarship
C．company D．relationship
20．A.love B．adapt
C．enjoy D．devote
【答案与解析】
1．A 此处表示那一晚的事“记忆犹新”。in particular意为“尤其；特别”，符合题意。in general意为“通常；大体上”；in brief意为“简而言之；总之”；in detail意为“详细地”。
2．B 句意：晚餐时，妈妈把一盘子鸡蛋和香肠，还有亲手烤制的吐司端到爸爸面前。place意为“放置；端到”。
3．C 句意：吐司是烤焦了的，我当时静候着爸爸能否注意到。
4．D 句意：爸爸只是伸手拿起吐司，冲妈妈微微一笑。此处与前文的描写形成转折关系，表示爸爸的举动与自己想象中的恰好相反，故用Yet。
5．A 由文章第一句可知，故事发生于作者小时候，所以此处选A项最符合文义。句意：爸爸接下来又询问我这一天在学校的表现。
6．B 句意：我目不转睛地看着爸爸把黄油、果酱仔细地涂抹在那吐司上。spread意为“展开；摊抹”。
7．C 此处表示爸爸一口一口吃得香甜美味。本题选bite，意为“(尤指对食物的)咬”。
8．D 刚吃完饭，此处应为离开“餐桌”。
9．A 句意：妈妈因为烤焦的面包向爸爸道歉。其余选项不符合文义。
10．B 由下文if he__11__liked his burnt toast可知，此处选B。burnt作定语，表示“烤焦的”。
11．C 上一题爸爸说喜欢烤焦的吐司，现在作者又问爸爸是否是“真的”喜欢。
12．C surround意为“围绕”，此处表示爸爸一把将作者拥入怀中。raise意为“上升；增高”；pull意为“拉；拖”；touch意为“触摸；感动”。
13．A a hard day意为“辛苦的一天”。此处表示妈妈劳累了一天。
14．B 接上题妈妈辛苦了一天，很是“劳累”。
15．C 句意：再者说了，吐司烤得有点儿焦，吃起来也并无大碍。hurt表示“伤害”，指身体上或心灵上的伤害，符合文义。
16．D 句意：我们不可能事事都很擅长。be good at意为“擅长于”。
17．A 句意：多年来的生活历练使我深谙：营造健康、积极、持久的人际关系最重要的秘籍之一是学会接受彼此的瑕疵。accept one's faults意为“接受某人的缺点”。
18．B celebrate each other's differences意为“颂扬彼此的迥异”。temper意为“脾气；性情”；character意为“性格”；personality意为“个性；特色”。
19．D 文章主要是讲为人处事的相处之道，故此处应该选relationship，表示“人际关系”。
20．C 句意：如果你懂得了认同生活中所有的善、恶、丑，那么你生活的幸福指数就会达到最大值。enjoy one's life表示“享受生活”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(辽宁省鞍山市一中高三模拟)A Chinese traditional cough syrup, called Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa, is becoming even 1.________ (popular) among New Yorkers in this flu season, following a US news report. According to an article published by the Wall Street Journal last week, Alex Schweder, 2.________architect and professor of design at Pratt Institute 3.________ (suffer) a cough about ten days, felt better only in 15 minutes after he drank a bottle of Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa, which4.________ (recommend) by his girlfriend.
Here is a selection of the 5.________ (comment) online：
This cough syrup is effective to me. I 6.________ (use) it whenever I have minor coughing since the flu broke out. It helps sooth the coughing. I like to take a soup spoon full of the syrup in my mouth and let the syrup melt down my food pipe 7.________ (effort). I take it as much as I need. This is great stuff. Mostly it's the honey in 8.________ that helps you talk again, but it tastes delicious too. A Chinese market in New York City where the syrup is sold 9.________ $7.80. That's the price of a Chinese pharmacy; 10.________ the syrup is sold as much as $70 online through third parties, the Wall Street Journal said.
【答案】1.more popular 2.an 3.suffering 4.was recommended / had been recommended 5.comments
6．have been using 7.effortlessly 8.it 9.for
10．however
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
The second English Festival of our school was held on last Tuesday.It lasted from 4：20 p．m. to 6：00 p．m. in the auditorium.Students from Grade One and Grade Two are required to attend it.All the English teachers and some honored guests were invited to be presented. After the headmaster announced the opening of the festival，a guest teacher delivered a warmly speech.He congratulated us on the opening of the ceremony or wished the event great success.Then students from each class took turns to put on some wonderful performance such as singing English songs，street dancing and short plays，all of that were popular among students.The English Festival provides a good opportunity to communicate with English.It also enriches my life in a creative way.
【答案】
The second English Festival of our school was held last Tuesday.It lasted from 4：20 p．m. to 6：00 p．m. in the auditorium.Students from Grade One and Grade Two required to attend it.All the English teachers and some honored guests were invited to be .After the headmaster announced the opening of the festival，a guest teacher delivered a speech.He congratulated us on the opening of the ceremony wished the event great success.Then students from each class took turns to put on some wonderful such as singing English songs，street dancing and short plays，all of were popular among students.The English Festival provides a good opportunity to communicate English.It also enriches life in a creative way.
Ⅱ.书面表达
(2018·北京海淀区高三期末)你班英语课上以“I Have A Dream”为题进行“说”的练习，请你写一份演讲稿，内容包括：
1．你的梦想是什么；
2.你为何有此梦想；
3.你如何实现梦想。
注意：
1.词数不少于50;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Thank you.
【参考范文】
Hello,_everybody! I'm very glad to share my dream with you.
I have a dream that one day I could be a pianist. I dream of playing a sweet tune for those who need music, bringing happiness to sorrowful souls and enthusiasm to weary spirits.
I love music, and I love the feeling of playing music in front of the audience. Of all the instruments, the delicate yet powerful sound a piano makes impresses me most.
It's clear that I have a long way to go before I realize my dream. Therefore, I will practice every day as long as time permits and learn as many songs as I can. I will put my heart into my pursuit of music and never give up.
I am confident that one day my dream will come true.
Thank_you.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The prisoner had already ________(flee) from the prison when the police arrived.
2．If you don't attend the party, ________will my brother.
3．Shopping online is ________(gradual)accepted.More and more people are buying what they need on the Internet.
4．Johnson has taken ________ the running of his father's business, including six New York cinemas.
5．Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
6．During the Dragon Boat Festival, dragonboat races in memory ________ Qu Yuan are often held in many places.
7．—How was your trip to England?
—Fantastic! The scenery in the countryside was beautiful beyond________(express)．
8．________ (judge) from what you say in your letter, you don't sound well.
9．When ________ (ask) whether he had finished his homework, the boy stopped watching TV and went into his study quickly.
10．I came down ________ the flu, and was unable to go to work.
【答案】 1.fled 2.neither / nor 3.gradually 4.over
5．seated 6.of 7.expression 8.Judging 9.asked 10.with
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．On top of the hill there stands a temple, whose style dates back to the Song Dynasty.
_____________________________________________________________
2．The book was written on the base of careful observations and detailed studies.
_____________________________________________________________
3．I have no doubt whether he will overcome all his difficulties.
_____________________________________________________________
4．With a lot of homework remained to be done, I can't see the film Fast and Furious 8 with you tonight.
_____________________________________________________________
5．At this rate, the forest will be completely destroyed within the next 30 years.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.去掉there 2.base→basis 3.whether→that
4．remained→remaining 5.destroyed→ruined
晨读暮诵 单元话题——文化遗产
1．ancestor n．祖先
2．nation n．国家；民族
3．origin n．起源；起因
4．altitude n．海拔；高度
5．replace v．取代；替换
6．account v．认为；说明
7．defend v．保护；保卫
8．announce v．宣告；宣布
9．previous adj.早先的
10．ancient adj.古代的
11．in the distance 在远处
12．in return 作为回报
13．at one time 一度；从前
14．to one's credit 值得赞扬
15．tell apart 区别
16．come into being 开始存在；产生
17．believe it or not 信不信由你
18．leave sth.to sb. 把某物留给某人
1．I'm convinced that as long as we set our mind to it，we can protect the cultural heritages left by our ancestors.
我坚信，只要下定决心，我们就能保护好祖先留给我们的文化遗产。
2．The temple is a national cultural heritage，with a history of about 1,000 years.
这座寺庙是国家级文化遗产，有着大约一千年的历史。
3．China lies in the east of Asia，with an area of about 9.6 million square kilometers.
中国地处亚洲东部，面积约960万平方千米。
4．The coastal line covers more than 18,000 kilometers.
海岸线长达18 000多千米。
(2018·高考北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
(1)表示欢迎；
(2)推荐他上哪所大学；
(3)建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：(1)词数不少于50；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear_Jim，
I'm so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter.First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.As for preparation, some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it's my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes.If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
Yours，
Li_Hua
[高频词汇]
1．________ (n.)文明
2．________ (vt.)装饰，装潢
3．________ (vt.)毁坏，摧毁
4．________ (adj.)商业的，贸易的
5．________ (adj.)富有的，富裕的
6．________ (adv.)渐渐地，逐渐地
7．________ (n.)废墟；毁坏(vt.)破坏；毁灭
8．________ (n.)遗物，遗迹，遗骸
9．________ (prep.)在……之下
10．________(vi.)爆炸
11．________ (adj.)极度的；极端的
12．________ (n.)表达；表情，神色
13．________ (n.)观众，听众
14．________ (n.)仪式，典礼
15．________ (vt.)宣布，宣称
16．________ (vi.&n.)前进，进发；游行
17．________ (n.)辉煌；荣耀；光荣
18．________ (adv.)(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
19．________ (n.)基础；基准；原因
20．________(n.)法官，审判员；裁判员
【答案】1.civilization 2.decorate 3.destroy 4.commercial
5．wealthy 6.gradually 7.ruin 8.remains 9.beneath
10．explode 11.extreme 12.expression 13.audience
14．ceremony 15.declare 16.march 17.glory 18.ahead
19．basis 20.judge
[派生词汇]
1．________ (vt.)兴建，创建→________(过去式、过去分词)
2．________ (adj.)不幸的，遗憾的→________ (adj.)幸运的→________(adv.)幸运
3．________ (vt&vi.)逃避，逃跑→________(过去式、过去分词)
4．________ (adj.)意识到的，察觉到的→________(adj.)意识不到的→________(n.)意识
5．________ (n.)毒药，毒物(vt)．毒害，下毒→________(adj.)有毒的
6．________(adj.)文化的→________(n.)文化
[词缀归纳]
wealthy是由“名词wealth＋后缀y”构成的形容词。常见的含有后缀y的高频形容词有：cloudy多云的；lucky幸运的；healthy健康的；funny滑稽的；salty多盐的。
【答案】1.found；founded 2.unfortunate；fortunate；fortunately 3.flee；fled 4.aware；unaware；awareness 5.poison；poisonous 6.cultural；culture
[语境活用]
1．We should make him ________(意识到) of the importance of stopping smoking.
2．Old people can't live in the ________ (极端的) weather because they can't stand the climate too hot or too cold.
3．Muhammad Ali returned to the Olympic Games in Atlanta in 1996 to light the Olympic flame at the opening ______(仪式)．
4．The book was highly praised by some experts, but it did not prove to be such a ________(商业的) success.
5．A British club arranged for high school students to go to the places where there are lost ________(文明)．
6．The soldiers m________ twenty miles with ease the other day.
7．Even the newlybuilt tower was d________ in this terrible earthquake.
8．We judge a worker on the b________ of his performance.
9．As we all know, France is the first country to d________ war on Libya.
10．The two children want to d________ their mom's bedroom with these roses.
【答案】1.aware 2.extreme 3.ceremony 4.commercial 5.civilizations 6.marched 7.destroyed 8.basis 9．declare 10.decorate
1．take ________ 夺取；接管
2．________ protection 受保护
3．turn ________ 结果是
4．break ________ 分解；失败；崩溃；抛锚
5．together ________ 与……一起
6．be divided ________ 被划分为
7．________ exhibition 展出，展览
8．carry ________ 执行，贯彻，完成
9．in memory ________ 纪念
10．________ doubt 无疑，确实
11．rise up ________ 起义
12．stand ________ one's path 阻碍(某人)
13．come down ________ 患(病)
14．make sb.aware ________ 让某人意识到
15．have enough ________ 对……感到厌烦
16．declare war ________ 向……宣战
【答案】1.over 2.under 3.out 4.down 5.with 6.into
7．on 8.out 9.of 10.no 11.against 12.in 13.with 14.of
15．of 16.against
[语境活用]
1．Since keeping positive is beneficial to the progress of our work and study, we should struggle not to let negative ideas take ________.
2．________ memory of China's Youth's Day, a celebration evening took place on our campus.It was a success.
3．——What a great cook your sister is!
——Yeah! We can never have enough ________ her cookies.
4．The government has made us aware ________ the importance of protecting the environment.
5．Women's sports are breaking ________ the barriers in previously maledominated domains.
6．I had an argument about politics with my father, but there was ________ doubt that we still loved each other.
7．He is optimistic and insists on carrying out the plan, so you'd better not stand ________ his path.
8．If a neighbor comes ________ with an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.
9．With a number of people rise up ________ him, the foreigner ran away quickly.
10．They will carry ________ this experimentation, regardless of what happens.
【答案】1.over 2.In 3.of 4.of 5.down 6.no 7.in 8.down 9.against 10.out
1. [原句] Near the city was a volcano.
[点拨] 介词短语位于句首，且谓语是be动词或表示姿势(stand，lie，sit等)或位移(go，run，come，rise等)的动词时，句子常用全部倒装。
[仿写] 邻桌坐着一个正在等人的漂亮姑娘。
At the next table ________________ waiting for someone.
2. [原句] The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand—what a pity!
[点拨] “the city being buried by sand”为动名词的复合结构作resulted in 的宾语。
[仿写] 我们队有获胜的希望吗？
Is there any hope of ________________？
3. [原句] In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.
[点拨] “with 1,177 men on board”为“with＋宾语＋分词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。
[仿写] 她眼中含着眼泪说了声再见。
She said goodbye ________________.
【答案】1.was/sat a pretty girl 2.our team winning the match 3.with tears in her eyes
第一板块 核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．ruin n．[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭/坏，使破产
(1)in ruins 成为废墟
(2)fall/come into ruin 被破坏了，被毁了
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
be ruined by 被……破坏
①A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
可怕的地震使全城沦为一片废墟。
②Many ancient sculptures fell ________ ruin after the flood.
洪灾过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。
③Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passersby.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。
【答案】②into
2．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物
(1)the remains of… ……的遗迹
(2)remain v. 留下；仍然是
remain＋adj./n./p.p 仍然是……
remain to be done 有待于被做
(3)remaining adj. 剩余的
①She remained at home to look after the children.
她留在家里照顾孩子。
②Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.
我们的教育工作有许多问题要解决，有许多事情要做。
③She used the ________ 50 dollars to buy her mother a skirt.
她用剩下的五十美元给她妈妈买了一条裙子。
【答案】③remaining
[温馨提示] (1)当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left 常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
(2)remain多用作系动词，后常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式的被动形式。
3．complain vi.抱怨
(1)complain(to sb.)about/of sth./that… (向某人)抱怨……
complain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint against/about… 对……进行投诉
①Still others lay the blame on the Americans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.
仍旧有一些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐而使体重增加了好几磅。
②Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain ________ how hard their lives are.
甚至仍旧有一些享受完全公正的明星也抱怨他们的生活是多么艰难。
③I am now writing to make a complaint ________ the service of your hotel.
我写此信意在投诉贵宾馆的服务。
【答案】②about ③against/about
4．declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称；声明
declare for /against… 公开支持/反对……
declare war on/against 对……宣战
declare that… 宣布……
declare sb./sth.(to be) 宣布某人/某事(是)……
①Police have now declared war on drug dealers in the area.
警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。
②The commission declared against the proposed scheme.
委员会反对所提的计划。
③He publicly declared himself ________ a candidate for president.
他公开宣布自己是总统候选人。
【答案】③to be
5．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(1)be aware that… 知道……；意识到
be/become aware of 知道/意识到
as far as I am aware 就我所知
make sb.aware of 使某人意识到
(2)awareness n. 认识，意识
①Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.
Emerald Valley是唯一一个意识到光污染负面影响的社区。
②As far as I'm aware，nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知，还没有人对此采取任何措施。
③Health officials have tried to raise people's ________ about AIDS.
卫生官员一直努力提高人们对于艾滋病的意识。
【答案】③awareness
(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ，阅读理解B)Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.
[翻译]每个人都能买到外卖食品，但有时我们并没有意识到我们自己能以多低的价格做这些食品。
6．judge n．法官，审判员；裁判员v.判断；审判；裁判
(1)judge…by/from 根据……判断……
judging by /from… 据……判断
so/as far as sb. can judge 依某人看
(2)judg(e)ment n. 判断，判断力；看法
①Wearing proper clothes is important too，for locals will judge you by what you wear.
穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你的穿着来判断你。
②________ by/from the response of the audience, the performance was quite a success.
从观众的反应看来，这次演出相当成功。
③I respect his ________ and I'll follow any advice he gives me.
我尊重他的判断力，会接受他提出的任何建议。
【答案】②Judging ③judgement
[温馨提示] judging from/by常看作是固定短语，在句子中一般作状语，即独立成分，judging不能换成judged。
[巧学助记]
Judging from his clothes，I judge that he is a judge.
从他的服装判断，我断定他是个法官。
7．take over夺取，占据；接替；接管
take up 拿起；占用；开始(从事)
take off 起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功
take in 吸收；欺骗；理解
take down 记录下来；拆除
take on 承担；呈现；雇用
take charge of 负责，掌管
take part in 参加，出席
①His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.
他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是接管它。
②As wheel design took ________，vehicles got faster and faster.
随着车轮的设计开始成功，车辆变得越来越快。
③He's the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the Model United Nations Conference.
他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的学生。
【答案】②off
8．in memory of 纪念
in honour of 为了纪念
in search of 寻找
in need of 需要
in favor of 赞同，有利于
in charge of 负责，掌管
in place of 代替
①A monument has been set up in memory/honour of their dear teacher，who made great contributions to education.
他们已经竖立了一块纪念碑来纪念他们敬爱的老师，这位老师对教育作出了巨大的贡献。
②I've been put in charge of the team.
我被指派全权负责这个队。
③The candidate stood aside ________ a more suitable man.
那位候选人退出竞选，把机会让给一位更合适的人。
【答案】③in favour of
9．no doubt无疑，确实
(1)there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……
there is some doubt whether… 怀疑是否……
without doubt 毫无疑问
(2)doubt that… 不信，怀疑……
doubt whether/if… 怀疑/不相信是否……
①No doubt she'll call us when she gets there.
她到达那儿时必定会给我们打电话。
②There is no doubt ________ children there are badly in need of care and help.
毫无疑问，那里的儿童非常需要关怀和帮助。
③There's some doubt ________ he has the ability to do the job.
他是否有能力做这项工作有些疑问。
【答案】②that ③whether
[温馨提示]
doubt
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After he graduated from college, he took________ his father's business.
2．Today the ________(remain)of ancient Rome have become a scenic spot to tourists from all over the world.
3．He ________ (flee) to London after he had an argument with his family.
4．I am writing to you to complain ________ the shoes I bought a week ago from your shop.
5．I never doubted ________ you could succeed in setting a new world record.
6．Anyone who has spent some time with children must become aware________ the difference in the way boys and girls react to similar situations.
7．The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city ________ honour of Athena，the goddess of wisdom.
8．It snowed continuously for seven days，completely ________(ruin) our holiday.
9．On 14 April, 2018, US President Donald Trump asked that the US declare war ________ Syria.
10．Mary used to be shy, but is ________(gradual)getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
【答案】1.over 2.remains 3.fled 4.about/against
5．that 6.of 7.in 8.ruining 9.against 10.gradually
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After the earthquake I went there，I saw the whole town in ruin，and now everything has changed.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Judged from his expression，we know that he is pleased with it.
_____________________________________________________________
3．We were taken off by his innocent，boyish looks.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Unfortunate，it rained heavily on Saturday，and I had to stay at home.
_____________________________________________________________
5．There is no doubt whether nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.ruin→ruins 2.Judged→Judging 3.off→in
4．Unfortunate→Unfortunately 5.whether→that
第二板块 经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sand—what a pity!
这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖——多么遗憾啊！
本句是but连接的并列句，resulted in 后面的宾语the city being buried by sand是动名词的复合结构。city与bury之间存在被动关系，故用being buried。
(1)动名词的复合结构作宾语或表语时，如果动名词的逻辑主语指人，那么该逻辑主语可以用普通格或名词所有格；若指无“生命”的事物，则用普通格。
①The accident led to five people's being killed，including a child.
那起事故导致五人丧生，包括一个孩子。
②What worried the child most was ____________ to visit his mother in the hospital.
最让那个孩子担心的是不允许他到医院看妈妈。
(2)动名词复合结构作主语时，则动名词的逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。
③Tom’s coming home late worries his mother.
汤姆的晚归使他妈妈担心。
④____________ for the meeting made the schoolmaster very angry.
他开会迟到让校长很生气。
【答案】②his not being allowed ④His being late
2．In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.
在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。
句中with 1,177 men on board为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。
(1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”在语法上常被称为“with的复合结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况
(2)“with的复合结构”常作伴随、方式、原因、时间、条件等状语，也可以作定语
(3)作宾语的可以是名词或代词，作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词
①With spring coming on，trees turn green.(时间状语)
春天到了，树变绿了。
②He doesn't like to sleep with the windows open.(方式状语)
他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
③The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold.(后置定语)
只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。
④I wouldn't dare go home ________________.
工作还没完成，我不敢回家。
⑤The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him.
有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。
【答案】④with the job unfinished
[温馨提示] 在“with复合结构”中，要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系，根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等区别来选择正确的非谓语形式作补足语。
(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ，阅读理解C)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.
[分析] 本句中with only a few elderly speakers left为with的复合结构。
[翻译] 6800种语言中已经超过400种语言正濒临灭绝，只剩下几个年长的人说这些语言了。
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He felt more uneasy when the whole class were staring at him.
→He felt more uneasy ____________________ at him.
2．Tom was elected to be the coach of the team.Have you heard of that?
→Have you heard of ________________ to be the coach of the team?
3．Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.
→Traditions ____________________ sealed in glass boxes at museums.
4．I have a lot of work to do this evening.I can't go to the cinema with you.
→____________________ this evening，I can't go to the cinema with you.
5．Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and I also have two eggs every morning.
→Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and ________ I.
【答案】1.with the whole class staring 2.Tom's being elected 3.are believed not to be 4.With a lot of work to do 5.so do
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。
1．古代文明的人们在世界上建造了许多辉煌的建筑物。(civilization)
2．其中有的已经消失了，有一些今天仍然存在。(remain)
3．然而，这些余下的建筑物正在遭受损坏。(in ruins)
4．所以保护好这些文化遗产就非常必要，因为它们能帮助我们了解过去的历史并且学到很多东西。(it's very important to… )
【参考范文】
People from ancient civilizations built many splendid buildings around the world.Some of them have disappeared，while others remain today.However，many of the remaining structures are in ruins.So，it is very important to protect cultural relics because they can help us learn about the history of the past and we can learn a lot from them.
[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·大连八中高三模拟)You may be wondering what Shreveport is like as you book your trip.The Hustler breaks down what to know and what to do during your time in the city.
Search for Bigfoot
Located about 20 miles northwest of Shreveport, Caddo Lake has been the location of frequent Bigfoot sightings over the years.Stop by the Whole Foods on 1380E 70th St，pack up your picnic，take your telescope and spend an attractive afternoon looking for likely animals!
Where to Eat
HerbyK's Restaurant: HerbyK's is one of those classic holeinthewall spots with a legendary reputation，according to Southern Living.
Crawdaddy's Kitchen: It amazes me how truthful people are in writing reviews; this was an awesome meal，according to Twins2Garner，Yelp Review.
Real BBQ(烧烤野餐) and More: Real BBQ and More is a simple roadside barbeque stand in southwestern Shreveport, according to Louisiana Life Travel.
Things to Do in Shreveport
If you're going to have some extra time in Shreveport before or after Vanderbilt's bowl game，you'll want to explore the city.The R．W.Norton Art Gallery is a free museum, which is currently featuring two exhibits：“Enlist! Art Goes to War,1914～1918”and “Scarlett Passions，Bellocq's Storyville”．
For those who are interested in science，SciPort，Louisiana's Science Center，is located in Shreveport.The center holds nearly 300 current exhibits in math，space and science，in addition to an IMAX theater and laser space Dome Planetarium.
The Touchstone Wildlife & Art Museum is a popular Shreveport destination，home to an impressively large and diverse collection.
How to Get to Shreveport
If you want to reach Shreveport, your best option might be Shreveport Regional Airport.They offer direct flights to and from a number of major cities in the United States，including Atlanta and Las Vegas.You may need a quick connecting flight，but Shreveport's airport is there and is probably the quickest way to the city.
1．Where will we go if we are interested in the mystery of the natural world?
A．Caddo Lake.
B．The R．W.Norton Art Gallery.
C．SciPort.
D．The Touchstone Wildlife & Art Museum.
2．Why is Real BBQ and More recommended?
A．Visitors can know more about its reputation.
B．Visitors can have a barbecue on the roadside.
C．Visitors can have a picnic in the open air.
D．Visitors can order some awesome meals.
3．What had we better do as a movie fan if we feel tired after exploring the city?
A．See a movie in SciPort.
B．Go to the free museum.
C．Enjoy diverse collections.
D．Watch an exciting bowl game.
4．What can be concluded from the text?
A．Shreveport is in lack of tour resources.
B．Shreveport has a relatively short history.
C．Shreveport has developed movie industry.
D．Shreveport provides convenient air services.
【答案与解析】
1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Located about 20 miles northwest of Shreveport, Caddo Lake has been the location of frequent Bigfoot sightings over the years.”可知，如果对自然界的奥秘感兴趣，可以去Caddo湖。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第五段Real BBQ and More：的内容可知，因为游客能在路边烧烤，所以推荐Real BBQ and More。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第七段“The center holds nearly 300 current exhibits in math，space and science，in addition to an IMAX theater and laser space Dome Planetarium.”可推断，我们可以在SciPort看电影，与试题中的A选项说法一致。故正确答案为A。
4．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推断，Shreveport提供便捷的航空服务。
B
(2019·北京东城区高三综合练习)Most kids love breaks, but for Hannah Kristan, a break was her least favorite part of the school day.“I never got to do anything except sit there，” she recalls.
Hannah was born with a disease that kept the bones in her back from forming properly.She uses a wheelchair.Sadly, for kids like her, most playground equipment is off limits.In fact, Hannah is one of 5 million kids in the United States who cannot use traditional playground equipment because of some type of disability.
Then Hannah heard about Boundless Playgrounds—playgrounds without limits for children with disabilities.The wonderful group behind Boundless Playgrounds helps communities create special playgrounds for children of all abilities.There are swings and sand boxes specially designed for kids with physical disabilities.Kids with vision problems can enjoy the movement of swings and also use musical activities such as chime walls.Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.
The inspiration for Boundless Playgrounds was a playground created by Amy Jaffe Barzach.It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son.Jonathan's Dream and many Boundless Playgrounds around the country have a glider swing that can be used by kids who use wheelchairs and their friends.The glider swing at Jonathan's Dream was designed by Matthew Cavedon, who wasn't even 10 years old at the time.Matthew was motivated because he used a wheelchair himself and wanted to be able to have fun at playgrounds with other kids, regardless of their physical abilities or disabilities.
The basic idea behind Boundless Playground is that play is both part of the joy of childhood and an important way for children to learn about the world.Kids who are kept away from playgrounds are denied this enjoyment as well as the learning.Far from being a place of happy excitement, traditional playgrounds are often places of separation and loneliness for those who can't join in the fun.
Contrary to some strict ideas about what a playground for children with special needs should be like, a Boundless Playground is every bit as colorful and challenging as a traditional playground.That's why it is inviting and fun for all children.And for Hannah, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.
5．What did Hannah Kristan do?
A．She designed Boundless Playground.
B．She invented a swing for the disabled.
C．She collected money for the playground.
D．She donated equipment to her hometown.
6．We can learn from the passage that Boundless Playgrounds ________.
A．provide training instructions for the disabled children
B．borrowed the idea from Jonathan's Dream
C．were invented by Amy Jaffe Barzach
D．are financed by communities
7．What is Hanna and Matthew's dream?
A．To overcome their disabilities.
B．To receive special physical training.
C．To get equal chances of playing and learning.
D．To acquire understanding from their fellow students.
【答案与解析】
5．C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.”可知，汉娜为这个新的游乐场帮助筹集资金。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son.”以及第四段可知，Boundless Playgrounds借用了“乔纳森的梦想”的想法。
7．C 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和文章最后一句“And for Hannah, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.”可推断，他们的梦想是得到平等的学习和玩耍的机会。
C
Early risers are most likely to be healthy，wealthy and wise，according to the old saying.But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have advantages，researchers say.They have found that night owls(夜猫子)are generally brighter and wealthier than those who are able to get up early in the morning.
Experts from the University of Madrid carried out tests on around 1,000 teenagers and found that those who preferred to stay up late showed the kind of intelligence linked good jobs and earn much money.Larks or morning people，however，often get better exam results，possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of the day for night owls.
The researchers examined the habits and body clocks of the young people to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep later in the morning，or preferred to go to bed early and were at their best state in the morning.School performance and problem solving ability，were judged and test grades in the major subjects were also taken into consideration.
The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning(归纳推理)，which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator(指示器) of academic performance.
Jim Horne，professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University，said，“Evening types tend to be the more creative types，the poets，artists and inventors，while the morning types are considered to be civil servants and accountants(会计)．”
8. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Who Are Night Owls?
B．Night Owls Are Brighter and Wealthier
C．The Jobs of Night Owls
D．The School Performance of Night Owls
9. The researchers from the University of Madrid found________.
A. morning people will probably find good jobs and earn a lot
B．morning people show higher intelligence from an early age
C．night owls may earn more money than morning people
D．night owls might be healthier than morning people
10．Early risers often do well in exams possibly because________.
A．they go to bed by 10 p．m.regularly
B．lessons are held at the right time for them
C．they make full preparations before exam
D．they have longer time to prepare for their lessons
11．The research may include questions about the following EXCEPT________.
A．favorite sports
B．grades in main subjects
C．living habits and body clocks
D．school performance
【答案与解析】
8．B 主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。研究人员表明，夜猫子一般比早起的人更聪明，也更富有。
9．C 细节理解题。由文章第二段“those who preferred to stay up late…and earn much money”可知夜猫子挣钱更多，故C为正确选项。
10．B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls”可知B为正确选项。
11．A 细节理解题。第三段提到了“the habits and body clocks，school performance，test grades，”但未提到favorite sports。
D
(2019·浙江省高三“五校联考”)Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts.Now, the Emojiquake campaign is lobbying_for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set—the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide.The campaign aims to find an earthquakeappropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.
“Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes，” explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr.Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign.“So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”
Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring.Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media.“You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself，” explains Dr.Hicks.“That can be life saving in many cases.Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”
Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information.Dr.Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, “Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language.”
The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes.A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.
12．According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target?
A．Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.
B．Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.
C．Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.
D．Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.
13．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “lobbying for” in the first paragraph?
A．Hoping for. B．Entering for.
C．Appealing for. D．Runing for.
14．What can we infer from Dr.Sara McBride's words about emoji?
A．Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot.
B．Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.
C．Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.
D．Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.
15．The best title of the passage should be __________.
A．Could an emoji save our life?
B．What can emoji do in our life?
C．How is emoji changing our life?
D．Do we really know about emoji?
【答案与解析】
12．A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推断，因为地震威胁着不同地区的许多人，因此这个组织选择地震作为他们的目标。
13．C 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知，地震符号表情组织正在呼吁将地震表情符号加入Unicode，Unicode是全球数字设备上可用的标准图标组。由此可推断，lobby for意为“呼吁，游说”。
14．D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Dr. Sara Mc Bride的话可推断，表情符号是一种通用的语言，也是交流中有用的工具。
15．A 标题概括题。文章开头第一句以及文章最后一段第一句The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes.提出了本文的主旨，即表情符号在紧急情况下可以帮助人们挽救生命。
Ⅱ.七选五
If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station，you don't need to feel surprised.They are a flash mob.Who are they? Are they mobs(暴民)？ 1 Actually，a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place，do something unusual for a brief period of time，and then quickly separate.
A flash mob is usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks. 2 At a predetermined time，they gather and perform some tasks such as exchanging books，coming together to look at the sky，waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds.Then，they quickly disappear before the police can arrive.
Bill Wasik organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3,2003 at Macy's department store.More than one hundred people stepped onto the ninth floor carpet department of Macy's department store，gathering around an expensive carpet.Following this flash mob，about 200 people flooded the lounge of the Hyatt Hotel and applauded for about fifteen seconds. 3
Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people.Such an activity might seem amusing，but it might also frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. 4 They also have enormous economic potential，such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.
5 People use it to do many things.For example，in 2009，Michael Jackson's fans took part in a flash mob to remember him.Hundreds of his fans gathered outside the railway station in Liverpool.They were singing and dancing Michael's famous song Beat It together.
A．Don't be confused by their name.
B．People are attracted by the silly and harmless activities.
C．The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular.
D．Using mobile phones，the flash mob can change their gathering place.
E．A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.
F．The messages may be forwarded to friends，who forward to more people.
G．Undoubtedly，flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction.
【答案】1～5 AFEGC
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I was a child，my mom liked to prepare food for dinner，every now and then.And I remember one night in__1__when she made dinner after a long，hard day at work.
That Monday evening so long ago，my mom__2__a plate of eggs，sausage，and extremely burnt toast(吐司) in front of my dad.I remember__3__to see if dad noticed！__4__all my dad did was reach for his toast，smile at my mom，and ask me how my day was__5__.I don't remember what I told him that night，but I do remember watching him__6__butter and jelly(果冻) on that toast and eat every__7__！
When I got up from the__8__that evening，I remember hearing my mom__9__to my dad for burning the toast.And I'll never forget what he said，“Baby，I love__10__toast.”
Later that night，I went to kiss Daddy goodnight and I asked him if he__11__liked his burnt toast.He__12__me in his arms and said，“Son，your mum put in a__13__day at work today and she's very__14__.Besides，a little burnt toast never__15__anyone! ”
Actually，life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people.We can't be__16__at everything we do.What I've learned over the years is that learning to__17__each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's__18__is one of the most important keys to creating a healthy，growing，and lasting__19__.
If you learn to take the good，the bad，and the ugly parts of your life as they are，you can__20__your life to the fullest.
1．A.particular B．general
C．brief D．detail
2．A.supplied B．placed
C．managed D．offered
3. A．longing B．standing
C．waiting D．sitting
4．A.And B．So
C．Then D．Yet
5．A.at school B．at home
C．at work D．at church
6．A.cover B．spread
C．extend D．deliver
7. A．egg B．sausage
C．bite D．toast
8. A．chair B．bed
C．sofa D．table
9. A．apologize B．talk
C．whisper D．report
10．A.frozen B．burnt
C．dry D．fresh
11．A.exactly B．certainly
C．really D．specially
12. A．raised B．pulled
C．surrounded D．touched
13. A．hard B．comfortable
C．simple D．plain
14．A.sad B．tired
C．impatient D．careless
15. A．damages B．destroys
C．hurts D．bothers
16．A.ready B．clever
C．skillful D．good
17. A．accept B．receive
C．admit D．allow
18. A．tempers B．differences
C．characters D．personalities
19．A.circle B．scholarship
C．company D．relationship
20．A.love B．adapt
C．enjoy D．devote
【答案与解析】
1．A 此处表示那一晚的事“记忆犹新”。in particular意为“尤其；特别”，符合题意。in general意为“通常；大体上”；in brief意为“简而言之；总之”；in detail意为“详细地”。
2．B 句意：晚餐时，妈妈把一盘子鸡蛋和香肠，还有亲手烤制的吐司端到爸爸面前。place意为“放置；端到”。
3．C 句意：吐司是烤焦了的，我当时静候着爸爸能否注意到。
4．D 句意：爸爸只是伸手拿起吐司，冲妈妈微微一笑。此处与前文的描写形成转折关系，表示爸爸的举动与自己想象中的恰好相反，故用Yet。
5．A 由文章第一句可知，故事发生于作者小时候，所以此处选A项最符合文义。句意：爸爸接下来又询问我这一天在学校的表现。
6．B 句意：我目不转睛地看着爸爸把黄油、果酱仔细地涂抹在那吐司上。spread意为“展开；摊抹”。
7．C 此处表示爸爸一口一口吃得香甜美味。本题选bite，意为“(尤指对食物的)咬”。
8．D 刚吃完饭，此处应为离开“餐桌”。
9．A 句意：妈妈因为烤焦的面包向爸爸道歉。其余选项不符合文义。
10．B 由下文if he__11__liked his burnt toast可知，此处选B。burnt作定语，表示“烤焦的”。
11．C 上一题爸爸说喜欢烤焦的吐司，现在作者又问爸爸是否是“真的”喜欢。
12．C surround意为“围绕”，此处表示爸爸一把将作者拥入怀中。raise意为“上升；增高”；pull意为“拉；拖”；touch意为“触摸；感动”。
13．A a hard day意为“辛苦的一天”。此处表示妈妈劳累了一天。
14．B 接上题妈妈辛苦了一天，很是“劳累”。
15．C 句意：再者说了，吐司烤得有点儿焦，吃起来也并无大碍。hurt表示“伤害”，指身体上或心灵上的伤害，符合文义。
16．D 句意：我们不可能事事都很擅长。be good at意为“擅长于”。
17．A 句意：多年来的生活历练使我深谙：营造健康、积极、持久的人际关系最重要的秘籍之一是学会接受彼此的瑕疵。accept one's faults意为“接受某人的缺点”。
18．B celebrate each other's differences意为“颂扬彼此的迥异”。temper意为“脾气；性情”；character意为“性格”；personality意为“个性；特色”。
19．D 文章主要是讲为人处事的相处之道，故此处应该选relationship，表示“人际关系”。
20．C 句意：如果你懂得了认同生活中所有的善、恶、丑，那么你生活的幸福指数就会达到最大值。enjoy one's life表示“享受生活”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(辽宁省鞍山市一中高三模拟)A Chinese traditional cough syrup, called Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa, is becoming even 1.________ (popular) among New Yorkers in this flu season, following a US news report. According to an article published by the Wall Street Journal last week, Alex Schweder, 2.________architect and professor of design at Pratt Institute 3.________ (suffer) a cough about ten days, felt better only in 15 minutes after he drank a bottle of Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa, which4.________ (recommend) by his girlfriend.
Here is a selection of the 5.________ (comment) online：
This cough syrup is effective to me. I 6.________ (use) it whenever I have minor coughing since the flu broke out. It helps sooth the coughing. I like to take a soup spoon full of the syrup in my mouth and let the syrup melt down my food pipe 7.________ (effort). I take it as much as I need. This is great stuff. Mostly it's the honey in 8.________ that helps you talk again, but it tastes delicious too. A Chinese market in New York City where the syrup is sold 9.________ $7.80. That's the price of a Chinese pharmacy; 10.________ the syrup is sold as much as $70 online through third parties, the Wall Street Journal said.
【答案】1.more popular 2.an 3.suffering 4.was recommended / had been recommended 5.comments
6．have been using 7.effortlessly 8.it 9.for
10．however
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
The second English Festival of our school was held on last Tuesday.It lasted from 4：20 p．m. to 6：00 p．m. in the auditorium.Students from Grade One and Grade Two are required to attend it.All the English teachers and some honored guests were invited to be presented. After the headmaster announced the opening of the festival，a guest teacher delivered a warmly speech.He congratulated us on the opening of the ceremony or wished the event great success.Then students from each class took turns to put on some wonderful performance such as singing English songs，street dancing and short plays，all of that were popular among students.The English Festival provides a good opportunity to communicate with English.It also enriches my life in a creative way.
【答案】
The second English Festival of our school was held last Tuesday.It lasted from 4：20 p．m. to 6：00 p．m. in the auditorium.Students from Grade One and Grade Two required to attend it.All the English teachers and some honored guests were invited to be .After the headmaster announced the opening of the festival，a guest teacher delivered a speech.He congratulated us on the opening of the ceremony wished the event great success.Then students from each class took turns to put on some wonderful such as singing English songs，street dancing and short plays，all of were popular among students.The English Festival provides a good opportunity to communicate English.It also enriches life in a creative way.
Ⅱ.书面表达
(2018·北京海淀区高三期末)你班英语课上以“I Have A Dream”为题进行“说”的练习，请你写一份演讲稿，内容包括：
1．你的梦想是什么；
2.你为何有此梦想；
3.你如何实现梦想。
注意：
1.词数不少于50;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Thank you.
【参考范文】
Hello,_everybody! I'm very glad to share my dream with you.
I have a dream that one day I could be a pianist. I dream of playing a sweet tune for those who need music, bringing happiness to sorrowful souls and enthusiasm to weary spirits.
I love music, and I love the feeling of playing music in front of the audience. Of all the instruments, the delicate yet powerful sound a piano makes impresses me most.
It's clear that I have a long way to go before I realize my dream. Therefore, I will practice every day as long as time permits and learn as many songs as I can. I will put my heart into my pursuit of music and never give up.
I am confident that one day my dream will come true.
Thank_you.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The prisoner had already ________(flee) from the prison when the police arrived.
2．If you don't attend the party, ________will my brother.
3．Shopping online is ________(gradual)accepted.More and more people are buying what they need on the Internet.
4．Johnson has taken ________ the running of his father's business, including six New York cinemas.
5．Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
6．During the Dragon Boat Festival, dragonboat races in memory ________ Qu Yuan are often held in many places.
7．—How was your trip to England?
—Fantastic! The scenery in the countryside was beautiful beyond________(express)．
8．________ (judge) from what you say in your letter, you don't sound well.
9．When ________ (ask) whether he had finished his homework, the boy stopped watching TV and went into his study quickly.
10．I came down ________ the flu, and was unable to go to work.
【答案】 1.fled 2.neither / nor 3.gradually 4.over
5．seated 6.of 7.expression 8.Judging 9.asked 10.with
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．On top of the hill there stands a temple, whose style dates back to the Song Dynasty.
_____________________________________________________________
2．The book was written on the base of careful observations and detailed studies.
_____________________________________________________________
3．I have no doubt whether he will overcome all his difficulties.
_____________________________________________________________
4．With a lot of homework remained to be done, I can't see the film Fast and Furious 8 with you tonight.
_____________________________________________________________
5．At this rate, the forest will be completely destroyed within the next 30 years.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.去掉there 2.base→basis 3.whether→that
4．remained→remaining 5.destroyed→ruined
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