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2020高考英语大一轮精讲练人教版讲义：1.3
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[话题单词]
1．sightseeing n． 游览
2．accommodation n． 住宿
3．scenery n． 景色
4．surroundings n． 环境
5．attract vt. 吸引
6．impress vt. 给人留下印象
7．amazing adj. 惊人的
8．marvelous adj. 了不起的
9．splendid adj. 极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的
10．historic adj. 历史上著名的；具有重大历史意义的
11．unforgettable adj. 令人难忘的
12．glorious adj. 壮观的
13．experience vt. 体验
14．tourist n． 游客
15．flight n． 航班
[话题短语]
1．make a reservation预定
2．tourist attraction旅游热点
3．beyond description难以表达
4．take a picture拍照
5．go on a journey去(长途)旅行
6．enjoy a family trip家人共同出游
7．see the sights of Beijing游览北京风光
8．go for/have an outing at the seashore去海边玩
9．set out/off出发
10．make a journey旅行
11．have a good trip旅行顺利
12．to one’s delight使某人感到高兴的是
13．be greatly surprised惊奇不已
14．have a good view of一览无余
15．be struck by...被……迷住
[话题佳句]
1．The scenery is charming!
景色迷人！
2．Take bus No.2 and get off at the next stop.
坐2路车，在下一站下车。
3．He who travels far knows much.
远行者见闻多。
4．Bored with their routine life，they want to leave for a change.
他们厌倦了一成不变的生活，为了求变，他们想去旅行。
5．The south of China has green hills and clear waters and is full of beautiful scenery.
中国的南方山清水秀，风景秀丽。
6．I think most people like traveling because they can feel the beauty of nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time.
我认为大多数人喜欢旅游是因为他们可以感受大自然的美景，同时也可以呼吸新鲜空气。
[佳作背诵]
(2017·北京卷)你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．你建议的线路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
Hearing that you and your classmates are paying a visit to China, I feel overjoyed.Thank you for asking for my advice on the two tourist routes. Personally，I prefer the tour to Mount Tai.Located in Shandong Province, Mount Tai has always been appealing to poets and writers all over China. What attracts tourists most is the spectacular view of sunrise on the top of it. I am fully convinced that a visit to Mount Tai will be an extraordinary experience for you.
May you have fun during your journey.
Yours，
Li Hua
识记·思考·运用
1．核心单词
①attitude n．态度；看法
②persuade vt.说服；劝说
③forecast n. & vt.预测；预报
④prefer vt.更喜欢；preference n．偏爱；爱好
⑤boil vi.指液体沸腾；水开
⑥bend n．弯；拐角 vt.使弯曲；vi.弯身；弯腰
⑦schedule n．时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间
⑧view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑
⑨graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业
⑩transport n. & vt.运输；运送→ transportation n．运输；运输工具
⑪organize vt.组织；成立 →organizer n．组织者 →organization n．组织 →organized adj.有组织的
⑫determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心 →determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
2．阅读单词
①fare n．费用
②shortcoming n．缺点
③insurance n．保险
④flow vi.流动；流出
n．流动；流量
⑤journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物
⑥parcel n．包裹
⑦cycle vi.骑自行车
⑧stubborn adj.固执的，倔强的
⑨beneath prep.在……下方(面)
⑩flame n．火焰，光辉
⑪finally adv.最后；终于
final adj.最后的，最终的
⑫reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的
rely vi.依靠；信赖
⑬detail n．细节；详情
detailed adj.详细的；详尽的
⑭disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处
advantage n．有利条件；优势，长处
用上面所给单词的适当形式填空
1．One of the disadvantages(advantage)of the solar car is too expensive for common people.
2．As scheduled(schedule)，we participated in several instructive activities.
3．I managed to persuade(persuade)my classmates into accepting my idea.
4．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported(transport) to the park.
5．He prefers to surf the Internet rather than do anything else because playing computer is his preference.(prefer)
6．My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation.(graduate)
7．Li Hua is a young man with great determination.He determined to go to Tibet after graduation.Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune，he left home without saying a word.(determine)
8．John is very reliable－if he promises to do something he will do it，so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.(rely)
9．Mr.Black，who is a very organized person，works as the president of a large international organization.He is busy organizing a conference to be held next week with his assistants.(organize)
1．前缀 fore－单词集锦
①forecast n. & vt.预测，预报
②foresee vt.预知，预见
③forehead n．前额
④forearm n．前臂
⑤forefinger n．食指
⑥forefather n．祖先，祖宗
2．后缀－able 构成的形容词小结
①acceptable可以接受的，合意的
②adjustable可调整的，可调节的
③admirable令人钦佩的，值得敬仰的
④avoidable可避免的
⑤reliable可信赖的；可靠的
⑥changeable易变的，变化无常的
⑦comfortable舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的
⑧enjoyable愉快的；有趣的
⑨reasonable合乎情理的
⑩valuable值钱的，贵重的
3．“旅行”家族
①voyage n．航行；航海
②tour n．(观光)旅行
③travel n．旅行
④journey n．(长途)旅行
⑤trip n．(短途)旅行，外出
⑥outing n．远足4.词形相近词对比记
①attitude n．态度；看法
②altitude n．海拔高度；高处
③affect vt.影响；感动 n．感情
④effect vt.引起，产生 n．影响效果
⑤access n．入口，出口；进入 vt.接近；进入
⑥assess vt.评定；估价
⑦explore vt.探究，探索 vi.探测研究
⑧explode vt.(使)爆炸 vi.爆发，突发
识记·思考·运用
1．动词＋介词/副词
①put up张贴；搭建
②dream about/of梦想
③feel like想要；感觉像
④give in投降；屈服；让步
⑤care about关心；忧虑；惦念
2．其他形式
①as usual照常
②at midnight在午夜
③be fond of喜爱；喜欢
④ever since自从；自……以后
⑤change one’s mind改变主意
⑥make up one’s mind下决心；决定
⑦get sb. interested in使某人对……感兴趣
用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1．My brother is fond of playing chess，while I enjoy playing football and basketball.
2．I have been dreaming about becoming an astronaut and going to the space one day.
3．He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
4．No matter how they frighten us，we will never give in.
5．The team set out early in the morning and arrived at their destination at midnight because of the bad weather.
1．动词＋in短语小结
①book in签到，登记
②check in签到
③count in记入，算上(某人)
④fill in填入
⑤hand in交上
⑥take in吸收
2．mind相关短语一览
①read one’s mind看懂某人的心思
②make up one’s mind 决定
③open one’s mind to向……敞开思想，愿意接受
④keep/bear...in mind记住，牢记
在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
背原句
学句型
练仿写
1.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
insist that...(should) do sth.“坚持主张……”。
校方坚持主张一所好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。
The school insisted that a good school (should) have strict rules and regulations.
2.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
主语＋be＋adj.＋to do结构。
尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even though the problem was difficult to solve， I didn’t give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
3.We can hardly wait to see them!
我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！
can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待地要做某事”。
我迫不及待地告诉玛丽她被北京大学录取的好消息。
I can hardly wait to tell/can’t wait to tell Mary the good news that she has been admitted to Beijing University.
3500词汇语境篇——先练后背，事半功倍
A Hard Trip
My sister was fond of traveling.Ever since graduating，she 1.had been determined (determine)to organize a trip to 2.an old temple.Since transporting fare was expensive，she decided to use a bicycle 3.to cycle(cycle)there not caring about the disadvantages.Her stubborn attitude was always her shortcoming.4.Once she made up her mind to do something，no one could persuade her to change her mind.5.Finally(final)，we gave in as usual though we preferred to take a train.After we prepared everything，6. including(include) the schedule，reliable weather forecast and the insurance，we began our trip.
Our journey was along a river flowing from a high altitude.Our pace was slow because the river frequently had many sharp bends through deep valleys，7. where the water seemed to boil.Just as I recorded in my journal，8.8.it was really a hard journey.But we also enjoyed great 9.views (view)．One night，I put my head on my pillow—a parcel of wool coats，and lay beneath the stars.10.When the flame in front of our cave went out at midnight，I found the sky so beautiful!
prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(教材原句)Which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train?
你更愿意用哪种交通工具：公共汽车还是火车？
拓展词：preference n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
(1)have/show a preference for 对……偏爱
(2)prefer(doing)sth. to(doing)sth. 比起……更喜欢……
prefer(sb.)to do sth.更喜欢(某人)做某事
prefer＋that从句(从句中常用should＋动词原形)更喜欢/希望……
(3)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
would do sth. rather than do sth.
would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
[要点释疑]
prefer本身表示“更喜欢”，不能与比较级连用。
(1)Nowadays many children prefer surfing(surf) the Internet at home to taking(take) exercise outdoors.
→Nowadays many children prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors.
→Nowadays rather than take exercise outdoors，many children prefer to surf the Internet at home.如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
(2)写作能力提升
她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。
①She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer...rather than...)
②She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer...to...)
③She would rather go with us than stay behind.
(would rather...than...)
④She would go with us rather than stay behind.
(would...rather than...)
persuade vt.说服；劝说；使相信，使信服
(教材原句)Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.
两年前她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，并且之后说服我也买了一辆。
说服某人做某事
说服某人不做某事
persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事(1)I managed to persuade my classmates to accept(accept)my idea.
→I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.我设法说服我的同学接受了我的主意。
(2)We persuaded him not to lend(lend) his money to that untrustworthy man.
→We persuaded him out of lending his money to that untrustworthy man.
我们说服了他没有把钱借给那个不值得信任的人。
(3)写出下列句子中黑体词的含义
We had managed to persuade them that it was worth working with us.使相信
schedule n. 时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间
(教材原句)Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。
(1)on schedule(＝on time)准时
behind schedule(＝behind time)落后
ahead of schedule(＝ahead of time)(进度上)提前
(2)be scheduled for sth.为某事做安排
be scheduled to do sth.安排做某事
as scheduled按照预定时间
(1)Respect the people who find time for you in their busy schedule.But love the people who never look at their schedule when you need them.
尊重那些在忙碌的日程中为你腾出时间的人，爱那些你需要他们的时候从不看他们日程的人。
(2)Weather permitting，we will set out on our journey as scheduled(＝on schedule)tomorrow.
只要天气好，明天我们就按计划动身旅行。
(3)单句语法填空
①The parents' meeting is always scheduled for Friday afternoon，when all lessons for the year level concerned are cancelled.
②The train is scheduled (schedule) to arrive at 8：45，but it's running twenty minutes late.
③Due to the recent rain，the college sports meeting scheduled(schedule) to be held tomorrow had to be postponed.
determine vt. 决定；确定；下定决心
(教材原句)She gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
拓展词：determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的
determination n．决心；坚定；果断
(1)with determination坚决地；果断地
make a determination to do sth.决心做某事
(2)be determined to do sth.决心做某事
(3)determine on/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事
determine(sb.)to do sth.决定(某人)做某事
[要点释疑]
determine to do sth.在词义上等于be determined to do sth.，但前者强调动作，后者强调状态。类似的短语还有：prepare for/be prepared for，worry about/be worried about等。
(1)A person's character isn't determined by how he or she enjoys victory，but rather how he or she endures defeat.
一个人的品行不取决于这个人如何享受胜利，而在于他/她如何忍受失败。
(2)写作能力提升
他们决定早些出发。
They determined to start early.＝They determined on/upon starting early.＝They were determined to start early.＝They made a determination to start early.
(3)单句语法填空
(2018·北京卷)Determined(determine) to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
view n．看法；观点；视野；风景
v．把……看作；观看；考虑
(教材原句)To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view.
上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周，(眼前的)景色让我们感到惊奇。
拓展词：viewer n．观看者；观众
(1)in one's view/opinion
＝from one's point of view依某人看
in view在看得见的范围内
in view of鉴于；考虑到
come into view映入眼帘
(2)view...as...把……看作……
(1)Education is so important in modern society that it can be viewed as a lifelong process.
在现代社会中教育是如此重要，以致它可以被看作是一个终身的过程。
(2)写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①On the other hand，some students hold the view that labor education will take up their time，which will be spent studying.观点；见解
②He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.风景
③If we sit near the front of the bus，we'll have a better view.视野
④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
(3)写作能力提升
依我看来，如果你想学好英语，你需要多听、多说、多读、多写。
①In my view，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(view)
②In my opinion，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(opinion)
③As far as I am concerned，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(concern)
(4)单句语法填空
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing(view) on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
care about 关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
(教材原句)Of course she hadn't；my sister doesn't care about details.
当然，她并没有看过；我姐姐是不关心细节的。
(1)care for 照管，关心，喜爱，想要
care to do sth.愿意做某事，想要做某事
(2)take care 注意，当心
take care of 照顾；负责
with care 当心；仔细地
(1)When you start to care (care)about things that you didn't care about before，that's what we call growing up.
所谓长大，就是你开始在乎以前你不在乎的事情了。
(2)用care相关短语的适当形式填空
①He is fond of her，but she does not seem to care for him.
②The peasants weeded and dressed the field with great care while the crop was growing.
③Don't worry about me.I can take care of/care for myself.
④He doesn't seem to care about his failure in the exam.
⑤Take care not to break the glass while moving the furniture.
(3)单句语法填空
(2018·浙江卷)This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.
make up one's mind下决心；决定
(教材原句)Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.一旦她下定了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
(1)make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事
change one's mind改变主意
have/keep/bear...in mind将……记在心里
lose one's mind发疯；失去理智
on one's mind惦念；挂在心上
fix one's mind on/upon将注意力集中在……上
read one's mind看出某人的心思
(2)mind doing sth.介意做某事
mind your own business少管闲事
never mind没关系
[要点释疑]
change one's mind和make up one's mind中mind随one's的单复数而有单复数形式的变化。
(1)I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things. 我已下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上。
(2)用mind相关短语的适当形式填空
①He didn't do the job very well，but you must bear in mind that he was ill at the time.
②My sister is so stubborn that nobody can persuade her to change her mind.
③She bought the perfect gift for her boyfriend.It was as though she could read his mind.
give in 投降；屈服；让步
(教材原句)Finally，I had to give in.最后，我只能让步了。
give in to sb.对某人让步
give up(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事；停止(做)某事
give away泄露；赠送；捐赠
give back归还；使恢复
give over别再……了；住手
give off放出，发出(光、热、气味等)
give out散发；分发；用完；耗尽
(1)Although he was ill，he stuck at his work and refused to give(give) in.
虽然生病了，但他仍然坚持工作，不肯示弱。
(2)My mother never gave in to the difficulties which she was faced with when she brought me up.
在养育我成长的过程中，母亲从不向她所遇到的困难屈服。
(3)用give相关短语的适当形式填空。
①The old teacher gave away all his books to the school last month.
②We will never give up working，whatever happens.
③You are the beautiful rose giving off great fragrance in a big garden.
④I believe that my own good fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world.
(4)单句语法填空
(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
(1)insist表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气(谓语动词要用should＋动词原形，should可以省略)；
(2)insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，宾语从句多用陈述语气。
(3)insist on sth./doing sth.坚持某事/做某事
if you insist如果你一定要这样
(1)The doctor insisted that he was(be) seriously ill and that he (should)be operated (operate) on immediately.
(2)She insisted on/upon leaving because it was so late.
(3)写作能力提升
爸爸坚持要求我们每天至少要学一样新东西。
①Papa insisted that we (should) learn at least one new thing each day.
②Papa insisted on our learning at least one new thing each day.
When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
the air would be hard to breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中the air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：
(1)主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard，difficult，light，good，nice，sweet，fit，unfit，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。在这种句型中，当不定式与句子的主语有动宾关系且动词是不及物动词时，应该在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
(2)主语＋be＋too＋adj.＋不定式
(3)主语＋be＋adj.＋enough＋不定式
(1)This dictionary is cheap to buy(buy)．
这部词典很便宜，能买得起。
(2)This machine is very easy to operate(operate)．
这部机器很容易操作。
(3)A man who is so difficult to please(please) must be hard to work with.
一个很难取悦的人一定很难与之共事。
(4)单句改错
The chair looks rather hard，but in fact it is comfortable to sit.sit后加in(on)
(5)单句语法填空
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are already making the time to exercise，it is good indeed！With such busy lives, it can be hard to try(try) and find the time to work out.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The supplies were transported (运输)to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.
2．Attention，please！The party is scheduled (安排时间) at 7：00 pm next Monday.
3．He is a stubborn (固执的)boy who won't obey his mother.
4．In spite of all her shortcomings (缺点)I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.
5．People's attitudes (态度)towards the matter are different.
6．One major disadvantage (不利因素)of the area is the lack of public transport.
7．We have an excellent retirement plan and medical insurance (保险)as well.
8．You are her close friend.And only you can persuade(说服)her not to spend too much money on clothes.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She gave in her job to look after her sick mother.in→up
2．What I care is not what he can learn at school but whether he can build up his confidence.care后加about
3．I think they've finally made up their mind to spend next summer in Europe.mind→minds
4．The scientist prefers going to work on foot every day to drive his car.drive→driving
5．When he retired three years ago，he persuaded his church music director take him as a student. take前加to
6．Thanks to the determining efforts of the workers，we finished the task ahead of time.determining→determined
7．After what had happened，we decided to call off the schedule meeting.schedule→scheduled
8．If you stand here，you'll get better view of the river.better前加a
Ⅲ.教材与语法填空
Wang Kun and Wang Wei are brother and sister. They have dreamed about 1.taking(take) a great bike trip. After graduating from college, they finally got the chance 2.to take(take) a bike trip. It was Wang Wei 3.who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River, 4.whose source is in Qinghai Province. Despite all the difficulties, Wang Kun and Wang Wei were 5.determined (determine) to begin their journey at an altitude of 6.more (much) than 5,000 metres in Qinghai Province. Before their trip, they found a large atlas 7.with good maps 8.showing (show) details of world geography. From it they were surprised to learn that half of the Mekong River is in China. When it enters Southeast Asia, it travels 9.slowly (slow) through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.At last, the river delta enters 10.the South China Sea.
Ⅳ.教材与短文改错
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in the Tibet. Along the way children who was dressed in long wool coats stop to look at us. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderfully. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we found myself cycling through clouds，we were surprising. It was great fun to go down the mountains. In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many sheeps eating green grass.
In the early evening we always stop to make camp. At midnight the sky became clear and the stars grew brighter. We can hardly wait reach Dali in Yunnan Province, there our cousins will join us.
答案：
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in the Tibet. Along the way children who dressed in long wool coats to look at us. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked . To climb the mountains was hard work but as we found cycling through clouds，we were . It was great fun to go down the mountains. In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many eating green grass.
In the early evening we always stop to make camp. At midnight the sky became and the stars grew brighter. We can hardly wait reach Dali in Yunnan Province, our cousins will join us.
Ⅴ.话题微写作
1．我们的邻居老王，喜欢旅游而不愿意呆在家里。
2．上个月他说服我们和他一起去旅游。
3．他很可靠，关注准备工作的每个细节。
4．他选择了路线，找了交通工具并且制定了日程表。
5．他组织的这次旅游使我们很快乐。
Our neighbor Mr.Wang，prefers travelling to staying at home.Last month，he persuaded us to join in his journey.He was quite reliable and cared about details of the preparation work.He chose the route，found the transport and made the schedule.The journey organized by him made us happy.
[话题单词]
1．sightseeing n． 游览
2．accommodation n． 住宿
3．scenery n． 景色
4．surroundings n． 环境
5．attract vt. 吸引
6．impress vt. 给人留下印象
7．amazing adj. 惊人的
8．marvelous adj. 了不起的
9．splendid adj. 极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的
10．historic adj. 历史上著名的；具有重大历史意义的
11．unforgettable adj. 令人难忘的
12．glorious adj. 壮观的
13．experience vt. 体验
14．tourist n． 游客
15．flight n． 航班
[话题短语]
1．make a reservation预定
2．tourist attraction旅游热点
3．beyond description难以表达
4．take a picture拍照
5．go on a journey去(长途)旅行
6．enjoy a family trip家人共同出游
7．see the sights of Beijing游览北京风光
8．go for/have an outing at the seashore去海边玩
9．set out/off出发
10．make a journey旅行
11．have a good trip旅行顺利
12．to one’s delight使某人感到高兴的是
13．be greatly surprised惊奇不已
14．have a good view of一览无余
15．be struck by...被……迷住
[话题佳句]
1．The scenery is charming!
景色迷人！
2．Take bus No.2 and get off at the next stop.
坐2路车，在下一站下车。
3．He who travels far knows much.
远行者见闻多。
4．Bored with their routine life，they want to leave for a change.
他们厌倦了一成不变的生活，为了求变，他们想去旅行。
5．The south of China has green hills and clear waters and is full of beautiful scenery.
中国的南方山清水秀，风景秀丽。
6．I think most people like traveling because they can feel the beauty of nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time.
我认为大多数人喜欢旅游是因为他们可以感受大自然的美景，同时也可以呼吸新鲜空气。
[佳作背诵]
(2017·北京卷)你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．你建议的线路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
Hearing that you and your classmates are paying a visit to China, I feel overjoyed.Thank you for asking for my advice on the two tourist routes. Personally，I prefer the tour to Mount Tai.Located in Shandong Province, Mount Tai has always been appealing to poets and writers all over China. What attracts tourists most is the spectacular view of sunrise on the top of it. I am fully convinced that a visit to Mount Tai will be an extraordinary experience for you.
May you have fun during your journey.
Yours，
Li Hua
识记·思考·运用
1．核心单词
①attitude n．态度；看法
②persuade vt.说服；劝说
③forecast n. & vt.预测；预报
④prefer vt.更喜欢；preference n．偏爱；爱好
⑤boil vi.指液体沸腾；水开
⑥bend n．弯；拐角 vt.使弯曲；vi.弯身；弯腰
⑦schedule n．时间表；进度表 vt.为某事安排时间
⑧view n．风景；视野；观点；见解 vt.观看；注视；考虑
⑨graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→graduation n．毕业
⑩transport n. & vt.运输；运送→ transportation n．运输；运输工具
⑪organize vt.组织；成立 →organizer n．组织者 →organization n．组织 →organized adj.有组织的
⑫determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心 →determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination n．决心
2．阅读单词
①fare n．费用
②shortcoming n．缺点
③insurance n．保险
④flow vi.流动；流出
n．流动；流量
⑤journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物
⑥parcel n．包裹
⑦cycle vi.骑自行车
⑧stubborn adj.固执的，倔强的
⑨beneath prep.在……下方(面)
⑩flame n．火焰，光辉
⑪finally adv.最后；终于
final adj.最后的，最终的
⑫reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的
rely vi.依靠；信赖
⑬detail n．细节；详情
detailed adj.详细的；详尽的
⑭disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处
advantage n．有利条件；优势，长处
用上面所给单词的适当形式填空
1．One of the disadvantages(advantage)of the solar car is too expensive for common people.
2．As scheduled(schedule)，we participated in several instructive activities.
3．I managed to persuade(persuade)my classmates into accepting my idea.
4．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported(transport) to the park.
5．He prefers to surf the Internet rather than do anything else because playing computer is his preference.(prefer)
6．My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation.(graduate)
7．Li Hua is a young man with great determination.He determined to go to Tibet after graduation.Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune，he left home without saying a word.(determine)
8．John is very reliable－if he promises to do something he will do it，so you can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.(rely)
9．Mr.Black，who is a very organized person，works as the president of a large international organization.He is busy organizing a conference to be held next week with his assistants.(organize)
1．前缀 fore－单词集锦
①forecast n. & vt.预测，预报
②foresee vt.预知，预见
③forehead n．前额
④forearm n．前臂
⑤forefinger n．食指
⑥forefather n．祖先，祖宗
2．后缀－able 构成的形容词小结
①acceptable可以接受的，合意的
②adjustable可调整的，可调节的
③admirable令人钦佩的，值得敬仰的
④avoidable可避免的
⑤reliable可信赖的；可靠的
⑥changeable易变的，变化无常的
⑦comfortable舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的
⑧enjoyable愉快的；有趣的
⑨reasonable合乎情理的
⑩valuable值钱的，贵重的
3．“旅行”家族
①voyage n．航行；航海
②tour n．(观光)旅行
③travel n．旅行
④journey n．(长途)旅行
⑤trip n．(短途)旅行，外出
⑥outing n．远足4.词形相近词对比记
①attitude n．态度；看法
②altitude n．海拔高度；高处
③affect vt.影响；感动 n．感情
④effect vt.引起，产生 n．影响效果
⑤access n．入口，出口；进入 vt.接近；进入
⑥assess vt.评定；估价
⑦explore vt.探究，探索 vi.探测研究
⑧explode vt.(使)爆炸 vi.爆发，突发
识记·思考·运用
1．动词＋介词/副词
①put up张贴；搭建
②dream about/of梦想
③feel like想要；感觉像
④give in投降；屈服；让步
⑤care about关心；忧虑；惦念
2．其他形式
①as usual照常
②at midnight在午夜
③be fond of喜爱；喜欢
④ever since自从；自……以后
⑤change one’s mind改变主意
⑥make up one’s mind下决心；决定
⑦get sb. interested in使某人对……感兴趣
用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1．My brother is fond of playing chess，while I enjoy playing football and basketball.
2．I have been dreaming about becoming an astronaut and going to the space one day.
3．He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
4．No matter how they frighten us，we will never give in.
5．The team set out early in the morning and arrived at their destination at midnight because of the bad weather.
1．动词＋in短语小结
①book in签到，登记
②check in签到
③count in记入，算上(某人)
④fill in填入
⑤hand in交上
⑥take in吸收
2．mind相关短语一览
①read one’s mind看懂某人的心思
②make up one’s mind 决定
③open one’s mind to向……敞开思想，愿意接受
④keep/bear...in mind记住，牢记
在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
背原句
学句型
练仿写
1.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
insist that...(should) do sth.“坚持主张……”。
校方坚持主张一所好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。
The school insisted that a good school (should) have strict rules and regulations.
2.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
主语＋be＋adj.＋to do结构。
尽管这个问题很难解决，但我并没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者事竟成”。
Even though the problem was difficult to solve， I didn’t give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
3.We can hardly wait to see them!
我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！
can hardly/can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待地要做某事”。
我迫不及待地告诉玛丽她被北京大学录取的好消息。
I can hardly wait to tell/can’t wait to tell Mary the good news that she has been admitted to Beijing University.
3500词汇语境篇——先练后背，事半功倍
A Hard Trip
My sister was fond of traveling.Ever since graduating，she 1.had been determined (determine)to organize a trip to 2.an old temple.Since transporting fare was expensive，she decided to use a bicycle 3.to cycle(cycle)there not caring about the disadvantages.Her stubborn attitude was always her shortcoming.4.Once she made up her mind to do something，no one could persuade her to change her mind.5.Finally(final)，we gave in as usual though we preferred to take a train.After we prepared everything，6. including(include) the schedule，reliable weather forecast and the insurance，we began our trip.
Our journey was along a river flowing from a high altitude.Our pace was slow because the river frequently had many sharp bends through deep valleys，7. where the water seemed to boil.Just as I recorded in my journal，8.8.it was really a hard journey.But we also enjoyed great 9.views (view)．One night，I put my head on my pillow—a parcel of wool coats，and lay beneath the stars.10.When the flame in front of our cave went out at midnight，I found the sky so beautiful!
prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(教材原句)Which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train?
你更愿意用哪种交通工具：公共汽车还是火车？
拓展词：preference n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
(1)have/show a preference for 对……偏爱
(2)prefer(doing)sth. to(doing)sth. 比起……更喜欢……
prefer(sb.)to do sth.更喜欢(某人)做某事
prefer＋that从句(从句中常用should＋动词原形)更喜欢/希望……
(3)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
would do sth. rather than do sth.
would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
[要点释疑]
prefer本身表示“更喜欢”，不能与比较级连用。
(1)Nowadays many children prefer surfing(surf) the Internet at home to taking(take) exercise outdoors.
→Nowadays many children prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors.
→Nowadays rather than take exercise outdoors，many children prefer to surf the Internet at home.如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
(2)写作能力提升
她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。
①She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer...rather than...)
②She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer...to...)
③She would rather go with us than stay behind.
(would rather...than...)
④She would go with us rather than stay behind.
(would...rather than...)
persuade vt.说服；劝说；使相信，使信服
(教材原句)Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.
两年前她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，并且之后说服我也买了一辆。
说服某人做某事
说服某人不做某事
persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事(1)I managed to persuade my classmates to accept(accept)my idea.
→I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.我设法说服我的同学接受了我的主意。
(2)We persuaded him not to lend(lend) his money to that untrustworthy man.
→We persuaded him out of lending his money to that untrustworthy man.
我们说服了他没有把钱借给那个不值得信任的人。
(3)写出下列句子中黑体词的含义
We had managed to persuade them that it was worth working with us.使相信
schedule n. 时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间
(教材原句)Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。
(1)on schedule(＝on time)准时
behind schedule(＝behind time)落后
ahead of schedule(＝ahead of time)(进度上)提前
(2)be scheduled for sth.为某事做安排
be scheduled to do sth.安排做某事
as scheduled按照预定时间
(1)Respect the people who find time for you in their busy schedule.But love the people who never look at their schedule when you need them.
尊重那些在忙碌的日程中为你腾出时间的人，爱那些你需要他们的时候从不看他们日程的人。
(2)Weather permitting，we will set out on our journey as scheduled(＝on schedule)tomorrow.
只要天气好，明天我们就按计划动身旅行。
(3)单句语法填空
①The parents' meeting is always scheduled for Friday afternoon，when all lessons for the year level concerned are cancelled.
②The train is scheduled (schedule) to arrive at 8：45，but it's running twenty minutes late.
③Due to the recent rain，the college sports meeting scheduled(schedule) to be held tomorrow had to be postponed.
determine vt. 决定；确定；下定决心
(教材原句)She gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
拓展词：determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的
determination n．决心；坚定；果断
(1)with determination坚决地；果断地
make a determination to do sth.决心做某事
(2)be determined to do sth.决心做某事
(3)determine on/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事
determine(sb.)to do sth.决定(某人)做某事
[要点释疑]
determine to do sth.在词义上等于be determined to do sth.，但前者强调动作，后者强调状态。类似的短语还有：prepare for/be prepared for，worry about/be worried about等。
(1)A person's character isn't determined by how he or she enjoys victory，but rather how he or she endures defeat.
一个人的品行不取决于这个人如何享受胜利，而在于他/她如何忍受失败。
(2)写作能力提升
他们决定早些出发。
They determined to start early.＝They determined on/upon starting early.＝They were determined to start early.＝They made a determination to start early.
(3)单句语法填空
(2018·北京卷)Determined(determine) to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．
view n．看法；观点；视野；风景
v．把……看作；观看；考虑
(教材原句)To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view.
上山很艰难，但是当我们环顾四周，(眼前的)景色让我们感到惊奇。
拓展词：viewer n．观看者；观众
(1)in one's view/opinion
＝from one's point of view依某人看
in view在看得见的范围内
in view of鉴于；考虑到
come into view映入眼帘
(2)view...as...把……看作……
(1)Education is so important in modern society that it can be viewed as a lifelong process.
在现代社会中教育是如此重要，以致它可以被看作是一个终身的过程。
(2)写出下列句中黑体词的含义
①On the other hand，some students hold the view that labor education will take up their time，which will be spent studying.观点；见解
②He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.风景
③If we sit near the front of the bus，we'll have a better view.视野
④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.观看
(3)写作能力提升
依我看来，如果你想学好英语，你需要多听、多说、多读、多写。
①In my view，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(view)
②In my opinion，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(opinion)
③As far as I am concerned，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.(concern)
(4)单句语法填空
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing(view) on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
care about 关心；忧虑；惦念；在乎
(教材原句)Of course she hadn't；my sister doesn't care about details.
当然，她并没有看过；我姐姐是不关心细节的。
(1)care for 照管，关心，喜爱，想要
care to do sth.愿意做某事，想要做某事
(2)take care 注意，当心
take care of 照顾；负责
with care 当心；仔细地
(1)When you start to care (care)about things that you didn't care about before，that's what we call growing up.
所谓长大，就是你开始在乎以前你不在乎的事情了。
(2)用care相关短语的适当形式填空
①He is fond of her，but she does not seem to care for him.
②The peasants weeded and dressed the field with great care while the crop was growing.
③Don't worry about me.I can take care of/care for myself.
④He doesn't seem to care about his failure in the exam.
⑤Take care not to break the glass while moving the furniture.
(3)单句语法填空
(2018·浙江卷)This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.
make up one's mind下决心；决定
(教材原句)Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.一旦她下定了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
(1)make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事
change one's mind改变主意
have/keep/bear...in mind将……记在心里
lose one's mind发疯；失去理智
on one's mind惦念；挂在心上
fix one's mind on/upon将注意力集中在……上
read one's mind看出某人的心思
(2)mind doing sth.介意做某事
mind your own business少管闲事
never mind没关系
[要点释疑]
change one's mind和make up one's mind中mind随one's的单复数而有单复数形式的变化。
(1)I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things. 我已下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上。
(2)用mind相关短语的适当形式填空
①He didn't do the job very well，but you must bear in mind that he was ill at the time.
②My sister is so stubborn that nobody can persuade her to change her mind.
③She bought the perfect gift for her boyfriend.It was as though she could read his mind.
give in 投降；屈服；让步
(教材原句)Finally，I had to give in.最后，我只能让步了。
give in to sb.对某人让步
give up(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事；停止(做)某事
give away泄露；赠送；捐赠
give back归还；使恢复
give over别再……了；住手
give off放出，发出(光、热、气味等)
give out散发；分发；用完；耗尽
(1)Although he was ill，he stuck at his work and refused to give(give) in.
虽然生病了，但他仍然坚持工作，不肯示弱。
(2)My mother never gave in to the difficulties which she was faced with when she brought me up.
在养育我成长的过程中，母亲从不向她所遇到的困难屈服。
(3)用give相关短语的适当形式填空。
①The old teacher gave away all his books to the school last month.
②We will never give up working，whatever happens.
③You are the beautiful rose giving off great fragrance in a big garden.
④I believe that my own good fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world.
(4)单句语法填空
(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.
Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。
(1)insist表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气(谓语动词要用should＋动词原形，should可以省略)；
(2)insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，宾语从句多用陈述语气。
(3)insist on sth./doing sth.坚持某事/做某事
if you insist如果你一定要这样
(1)The doctor insisted that he was(be) seriously ill and that he (should)be operated (operate) on immediately.
(2)She insisted on/upon leaving because it was so late.
(3)写作能力提升
爸爸坚持要求我们每天至少要学一样新东西。
①Papa insisted that we (should) learn at least one new thing each day.
②Papa insisted on our learning at least one new thing each day.
When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
the air would be hard to breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中the air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：
(1)主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式
常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard，difficult，light，good，nice，sweet，fit，unfit，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange等。在这种句型中，当不定式与句子的主语有动宾关系且动词是不及物动词时，应该在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
(2)主语＋be＋too＋adj.＋不定式
(3)主语＋be＋adj.＋enough＋不定式
(1)This dictionary is cheap to buy(buy)．
这部词典很便宜，能买得起。
(2)This machine is very easy to operate(operate)．
这部机器很容易操作。
(3)A man who is so difficult to please(please) must be hard to work with.
一个很难取悦的人一定很难与之共事。
(4)单句改错
The chair looks rather hard，but in fact it is comfortable to sit.sit后加in(on)
(5)单句语法填空
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are already making the time to exercise，it is good indeed！With such busy lives, it can be hard to try(try) and find the time to work out.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The supplies were transported (运输)to the local people immediately the earthquake happened.
2．Attention，please！The party is scheduled (安排时间) at 7：00 pm next Monday.
3．He is a stubborn (固执的)boy who won't obey his mother.
4．In spite of all her shortcomings (缺点)I still think she is one of the best teachers in the school.
5．People's attitudes (态度)towards the matter are different.
6．One major disadvantage (不利因素)of the area is the lack of public transport.
7．We have an excellent retirement plan and medical insurance (保险)as well.
8．You are her close friend.And only you can persuade(说服)her not to spend too much money on clothes.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She gave in her job to look after her sick mother.in→up
2．What I care is not what he can learn at school but whether he can build up his confidence.care后加about
3．I think they've finally made up their mind to spend next summer in Europe.mind→minds
4．The scientist prefers going to work on foot every day to drive his car.drive→driving
5．When he retired three years ago，he persuaded his church music director take him as a student. take前加to
6．Thanks to the determining efforts of the workers，we finished the task ahead of time.determining→determined
7．After what had happened，we decided to call off the schedule meeting.schedule→scheduled
8．If you stand here，you'll get better view of the river.better前加a
Ⅲ.教材与语法填空
Wang Kun and Wang Wei are brother and sister. They have dreamed about 1.taking(take) a great bike trip. After graduating from college, they finally got the chance 2.to take(take) a bike trip. It was Wang Wei 3.who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River, 4.whose source is in Qinghai Province. Despite all the difficulties, Wang Kun and Wang Wei were 5.determined (determine) to begin their journey at an altitude of 6.more (much) than 5,000 metres in Qinghai Province. Before their trip, they found a large atlas 7.with good maps 8.showing (show) details of world geography. From it they were surprised to learn that half of the Mekong River is in China. When it enters Southeast Asia, it travels 9.slowly (slow) through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.At last, the river delta enters 10.the South China Sea.
Ⅳ.教材与短文改错
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in the Tibet. Along the way children who was dressed in long wool coats stop to look at us. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderfully. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we found myself cycling through clouds，we were surprising. It was great fun to go down the mountains. In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many sheeps eating green grass.
In the early evening we always stop to make camp. At midnight the sky became clear and the stars grew brighter. We can hardly wait reach Dali in Yunnan Province, there our cousins will join us.
答案：
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in the Tibet. Along the way children who dressed in long wool coats to look at us. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked . To climb the mountains was hard work but as we found cycling through clouds，we were . It was great fun to go down the mountains. In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many eating green grass.
In the early evening we always stop to make camp. At midnight the sky became and the stars grew brighter. We can hardly wait reach Dali in Yunnan Province, our cousins will join us.
Ⅴ.话题微写作
1．我们的邻居老王，喜欢旅游而不愿意呆在家里。
2．上个月他说服我们和他一起去旅游。
3．他很可靠，关注准备工作的每个细节。
4．他选择了路线，找了交通工具并且制定了日程表。
5．他组织的这次旅游使我们很快乐。
Our neighbor Mr.Wang，prefers travelling to staying at home.Last month，he persuaded us to join in his journey.He was quite reliable and cared about details of the preparation work.He chose the route，found the transport and made the schedule.The journey organized by him made us happy.
