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高中英语北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 7 ArtLesson 3 A Musical Genius优秀学案及答案
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这是一份高中英语北师大版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 7 ArtLesson 3 A Musical Genius优秀学案及答案，共30页。学案主要包含了音乐之父——巴赫等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 7 Art
Section Ⅳ Lesson 3
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what you think of Beethoven? Why?
He__was__a__great__and__strong－willed__composer__in__the__world.Though__he__was__deaf__completely,__he__didn’t__give__up__and__at__last__finished__his__ninth__symphony.
2．Prediction—(1)Look at the photo on Page 14 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__how__Ludwig__van__Beethoven__created__Symphony__No.9__in__D__minor__and__how__its__first__show__went.
(2)Read the text and predict what effects Beethoven’s works have made?
Beethoven’s__works__have__greatly__influenced__all__the__people__in__the__world.His__works__not__only__made__people__enjoy__wonderful__music__but__also__encouraged__people__to__work__even__harder.
1．First reading—Read the text and put the following statements in time order.
A．At 54 years of age, he conducted his last symphony successfully.
B．In his twenties，he lost his hearing.
C．Beethoven was born in Germany.
D．In 1824, he composed his ninth symphony.
答案 CBDA
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)What is Beethoven most famous as?
A．A pianist. B．A conductor.
C．A composer. D．A singer.
(2)Where was Beethoven born?
A．China. B．Italy.
C．Canada. D．Germany.
(3)What a big challenge did Beethoven face?
A．He became deaf. B．He became blind.
C．He became mad. D．He became lame.
(4)How many musical works did Beethoven write?
A．More than 100. B．More than 130.
C．More than 230. D．More than 300.
答案 (1)C (2)D (3)A (4)B
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and fill in the blanks below.
Beethoven
General introduction
Beethoven was born in ①Germany．He was remembered as a great ②composer in the history of music.
·His problem: In his ③twenties,__he lost his hearing.
·His achievements: In all his lifetime, he wrote ④more__than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
The performance of his last symphony
Before：The ⑤backstage atmosphere was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a ⑥failure/disaster because he couldn’t hear his orchestra.
·During: the orchestra was in the ⑦charge of Michael Umlauf and Beethoven. For over an hour, Beethoven jumped, ⑧waved his arms wildly and madly turned the pages of his score.Umlauf stood ⑨quietly by his side, skillfully guiding the orchestra.
·In the end: the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, ⑩cheering and waving their hats happily. Beethoven’s symphony turned out to be a success.
1．Thinking and discussing：How do you think Beethoven felt while he was conducting the orchestra? Tell the reason.
He__was__completely__addicted__to__his__conduct.For__more__than__an__hour,__Beethoven__jumped__about__in__front__of__the__orchestra,__waving__his__arms__wildly__in__the__air,__and__madly__turning__the__pages__of__his__score.__When__the__symphony__ended__and__the__audiences__cheered,__Beethoven__continued__conducting,__his__head__buried__in__the__score.
2．Make a summary about the text using your own words.
The__answer__is__open.
世界十大著名音乐家
1．Bach, father of music (Germany) 音乐之父——巴赫
2．Mozart, musical prodigy (Germany) 音乐神童——莫扎特
3．Beethoven, the great composer of music (Germany) 古今乐圣——贝多芬
4．Schubert, king of songs(Germany) 歌曲之王——舒伯特
5．Handel, music god (Germany)音乐神灵——韩德尔
6．Haydn, king of symphonies (Austria)交响曲之王——海顿
7．Chopin, piano poet (Poland) 钢琴诗人——肖邦
8．Liszt, king of piano (Hungary)钢琴之王——李斯特
9．Tchaikovsky, music master(Russia) 舞剧音乐大师——柴可夫斯基
10．Johann Strauss Sr., father of Waltz (Austria)圆舞曲之父——老约翰·施特劳斯
如何记生词
1．Group words with the same base form.
2．Group words that belong to the same topic.
3．Draw pictures and label new words, like the diagram on the first page of this unit.
4．Write new words in a notebook and study them in your spare time.
5．Use the new words in your speaking and writing.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．I asked him several times, but he didn’t respond.vi.回应
2．As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.v.示意
3．You have to charge the telephone after using it for a long time.v.充电
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．in the history of在……历史上
2．in his twenties在他二十多岁的时候
3．for the first time第一次
4．give up放弃
5．as well也；又；还
6．in the end终于，__最后
7．after all终究，毕竟
8．hesitate to do sth迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
9．more than不仅仅是；多于；非常
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．that引导的宾语从句
At 54 years of age, he didn’t know that this would be his last symphony.
2．even if引导的状语从句
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius?
3．not until的强调句型
It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．It was said that Wynford was an architect of genius(天才)．
2．Can you tell me how to compose(作曲)?
3．He acted a minor(不重要的) character in this film .
4．I can accompany you on __piano(钢琴) if you want to sing.
5．I hope all of us can struggle__(奋斗) together and show our best to the world.
6．The doctor also tries to figure out how we respond(反应) to sickness.
7．After the show, those famous singers came backstage(后台)．
8．He is a composer__(compose) of serious music.I like his music a lot.
9．He had an awful encounter(冲突) with the conductor__(conduct) on the bus.
10．There’s nothing more __joyous__(joy) than his arrival.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．The novel is__regarded__as (被认为是)one of the classic works.
2．An experienced teacher takes__charge__of__(负责) the class.
3．Tom，as__well__as(以及) his friends，is going to visit the exhibition next week.
4．For__the__first__time (第一次)I enjoyed so beautiful a park.
5．After many years’ hard work, he passed the College Entrance Exam in__the__end(最终)．
6．The young man still kept on trying even__if (尽管)he was very tired.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
贝多芬在乐队前面跳了一个多小时，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻动着乐谱。
[仿写] 那位年轻人唱着一首歌走出了电影院。
That young man walked out of the theatre，singing__a__song．
2．It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。
[仿写] 直到他快到家的时候，他才意识到他的钥匙忘办公室了。
It was not__until__he__almost__reached__his__home__that he realized he had left his key in the office.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
Tom conducts himself in a good manner.He often conducts other people to conduct their affairs.Last week he conducted us safely to the railway station.On the way he told us most plastics do not readily conduct electricity and he could conduct a big band.
汤姆举止得体。他经常引导别人处理他们的事情。上星期他把我们安全地送到火车站。在路上他告诉我们大多数塑料不容易导电，他可以指挥一个大乐队。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－er, －or，－ation
compose(vt.)→composer (n.)
conduct(v.)→conductor (n.)
hesitate(vi.)→hesitation (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ous
joy(n.)→joyous(adj.)
Ⅲ.合成词一族
back＋stage→backstage
句型公式
1．动词－ing短语作伴随状语
2．强调句型：“It was/is＋not until...that...”
1.struggle n．奋斗 vi.奋斗；拼搏
Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies，five piano pieces, and an opera! (教材P14)
受到与失聪斗争的启发，这位作曲家创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！
[合作探究] 体会struggle的用法和意义
He has been struggling for success in his business.
为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。
A strong man will struggle with/against the storms of fate.
强者能同命运的风暴抗争。
Bravely，Mary struggled to her feet，and fought against/with the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
[自主发现]
①struggle with/against 与……作斗争
②struggle for 努力争取……；为……而斗争
③struggle __to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
[词块积累]
struggle to do sth努力做某事
class struggle阶级斗争
endless struggle奋斗不息
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Everyone wants to struggle for__freedom and against difficulty.
②The runner struggled to his feet (foot) and went on running forward.
③Though he was ill, he struggled to__finish(finish) his task on time.
2.respond vi. & vt.回应；回复
As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.(教材P14)当贝多芬自豪地在这页纸的底部签上自己的名字时，他努力想象人们第一次听到这首乐曲时会作何反应。
[合作探究] 体会respond及其相关词的用法和意义
They are likely to respond positively to the president’s request for aid.
他们有可能积极地回应该总统的援助请求。
Please respond to the question at once.请立刻回答这个问题。
This may be in response to the government pressure.
这可能是对政府压力的响应。
[自主发现]
①respond to回应；回答；响应
②in__response__to 响应；回答；对……有反应
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①How should we respond__to__complaints from friends?
对于来自朋友们的抱怨，我们该如何应对？
②He contributed one hundred dollars in__response__to__my__request．
他应我的请求而捐了100美元。
3.hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.(教材P15)
当这位著名作曲家12年来第一次走上舞台时，观众毫不犹豫地大声鼓掌。
[合作探究] 体会hesitate及其相关词的用法和意义
He hesitated to tell her the truth.该不该告诉她真相，他有些犹豫。
If you get in trouble, don’t hesitate to ask for advice.
如果碰到麻烦，要赶紧向人求教。
She hesitated about/over telling anyone.她对是否告诉别人犹豫不决。
She agreed to see him again without hesitation.
她毫不犹豫地同意和他再次见面。
[自主发现]
①hesitate to__do sth 迟疑做某事
②not hesitate to__do sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
③hesitate about/over doing sth 做某事犹豫不决
④without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He did not hesitate for a minute to__save (save) the drowning child.
②I hesitated about taking (take) his side until I knew the whole story.
③Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.
④I hesitate to__spend (spend) so much money on clothes.
4.signal vt.标志着；预示；发暗号；示意 n．标识；信号；暗号
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats.(教材P15)
当最后一个欢快的音符预示着交响乐的结束时，观众们跳了起来，鼓掌，欢呼，挥舞着他们的帽子。
[合作探究] 体会signal的用法和意义
Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views have changed.
她昨天的讲话标志着她的观点已经转变。
The diner signalled (to) the waiters to bring the menu.
用餐者示意服务员把菜单拿来。
She signalled the other girls that everything was all right.
她对其他女孩发信号说一切正常。
[自主发现]
①signal(to)sb to__do sth 示意某人做某事
②signal (sb) that 示意……
[词块积累]
digital signal数字信号
signal sth to sb向某人示意……
traffic signals交通信号灯
send a signal to sb向某人发送信号
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①A red light is a danger signal, which is even known to a five－year－old child.
②She signalled us that everything was all right.
③ The police signalled the public to__keep__(keep) away from the traffic spot.
5.compose vt.作(曲)；构成； 写作 vi.组成； 作曲 composer n．作曲家
The one person in the room who didn’t hear the symphony—and never would— was the very man who composed it.(教材P15)
在这个房间里，只有一个人没有听过这首交响乐——而且永远也不会听到——他就是创作这首交响乐的人。
[合作探究] 体会compose及其相关词的用法和意义
The composer tried to compose herself when she was 12 years old.
那位女作曲家12岁就开始尝试自己作曲。
The United Nations consists of many nations.
→The United Nations is made up of many nations.
→The United Nations is composed of many nations.
→Many nations make up the United Nations.联合国由许多国家组成。
[自主发现]
①B由A组成
②A make up B A组成或构成B
[名师提醒] consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。
[词块积累]
compose a poem作诗
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Our school is composed of__100 classes in all.
②Twenty boys and thirty girls make up our class.
③In a sense, the life of each of us is__made(make) up of family, friends and career.
1.be regarded as被看做
He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.(教材P14)他被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
regard...as... 把……看做……(主动语态)
in this regard 关于这一点
①Lei Feng is regarded as a good example.雷锋被看做是一个好榜样。
②We regard Lei Feng as a good example.我们把雷锋看做好榜样。
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Lu Xun was__regarded__as one of the best writers of the last century.
鲁迅被认为是上个世纪最好的作家之一。
②While you are against me, I__regard__you__as one of the able men.
虽然你反对我，但我认为你是一个有能力的人。
③In__this__regard,__at all times I stand together with the human.
在这一点上，我任何时候都是和人类站在一起的。
2.give up放弃
Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music.(教材P14)贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
give in (to) 屈服；让步
give off 发出，放出(气味、热、光等)
give out 用完，耗尽；分发；发出(声音、光等)
give away 放弃； 泄露； 颁发； 出卖；赠送；捐赠
①They felt like they were giving away company secrets.
他们觉得自己正在泄露公司的秘密。
②The gas gave out on our way to the beach yesterday.
昨天在我们去海滩的路上车没油了。,[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.
②This is a very special flower and it can give off a fragrant perfume at night.
③The politician had to give in under pressure.
④In no case should you __give__up．
在任何情况下，你都不应该放弃。
3.add up合计；把……加起来
Writing the piece had taken several years, and now the final notes had been added to the score.(教材P14)
写这首乐曲花了好几年的时间，现在最后的音符已经加到乐谱上了。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
add up to 总计；合计为
add to 增加；增添(多用于抽象意义)
add...to... 把……加到……上
add that... 补充说……
①Remember：Little steps add up to big dreams.
记住：小的积累成就大的梦想。
②Every failure one meets with adds to one’s experience.
[谚语]吃一堑，长一智。
③Will you add more sugar to your coffee？你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？,[巩固内化]
①These fees add up to__ rather large sums.
②Do you have anything to add to the list?
③ You should add some details to your composition.
[巧学助记]
[名师提醒] add up to一般不用于被动语态。add up的宾语如是代词，要放在add与up之间。
4.after all终究，毕竟
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius？(教材P15)毕竟，一个指挥家——即使是一个音乐天才，听不见他的管弦乐队有什么用呢？
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
above all 最重要；首先
first of all 首先，第一(强调顺序)
at all 根本，全然
not at all 一点也不
in all 总共，共计
all in all 总之，总的来说
①How many people were there in all at the party？晚会上一共有多少个人？
②He has faults, but, all in all，he is a good helper.
他虽有缺点，但总的说来，他是一个好帮手。
③Above all, we must be honest about what we do not know.
最重要的是，对于我们不了解的东西我们必须诚实。
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He wasn’t satisfied with what we said __at__all．
他对我们所说的话一点儿也不满意。
②All__in__all,__the reasons above make me like the book best.
总而言之，以上原因让我最喜欢这本书。
③You shouldn’t depend on your parents at__all，and after__all you have been over eighteen；above__all you should earn money by yourself.
你一点都不应该依靠父母了，毕竟你已经过十八岁了。最重要的是你应该自己挣钱。
5.take charge of负责，主管
The theatre’s musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra.(教材P15)剧院的音乐总监迈克尔·乌姆洛夫也加入了他的行列，两人一起负责管弦乐队。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
charge...for... 索价，要价
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
in charge (of) 负责，主管(表主动)
in the charge of sb 由某人负责(表被动)
free of charge 免费
①He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.
父亲去世后他掌管了这家农场。
②He charged me five yuan for repairing my bike.
他修我的自行车收费五元钱。
③All the drinks including beer are free of charge.
全部饮料包括啤酒在内都是免费的。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was charged with parking against rules.
②Class Five is in__the__charge__of__Miss Li；that is to say，Miss Li is in__charge__of Class Five.
五班由李老师负责，也就是说，李老师负责五班。
③Our information and services are free__of__charge．
我们的信息和服务是免费的。
1.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.(教材P15)
贝多芬在乐队前面跳了一个多小时，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻动着乐谱。
[句式解读] 句中waving his arms wildly in the air和madly turning the pages of his score是现在分词短语，作伴随状语。本句中Beethoven与wave和turn之间为主动关系，所以用waving 和turning。
[用法总结]
(1)现在分词作状语时，分词和句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(2)现在分词短语还可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、结果状语、方式状语等。
①Hearing the bad news, he burst into tears.
听到这个坏消息，他突然大哭起来。(时间状语)
②He came running back to tell me the news.
他跑回来告诉我这个消息。(方式状语)
③Being poor，many children of the mountain areas can’t go to school.
因为穷，山区的很多孩子不能上学。(原因状语)
④Working hard，you’ll surely succeed.只要努力，你肯定能成功。(条件状语),[巩固内化]
①The little boy sat under the tree，reading__a__story．
那个小男孩坐在树下，读一本故事书。
②They came into the classroom, talking__and__laughing．
他们谈笑着走进了教室。
③He sat in the armchair, reading__a__newspaper．
他坐在扶手椅里读报。
④Having__eaten__his__dinner，the boy rushed out.
那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。
2.It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.(教材P15)直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。
[句式解读] 句中It was not until ...that...为强调句型，其结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
[用法总结]
强调句型的结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”，强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语和状语等句子成分。
①It was on Monday night that all these happened.(强调时间状语)
这一切都发生在周一晚上。
②It was Mary that/who I met in the street.(强调宾语)
我在街上遇见的是玛丽。
③It was I that/who met Mary in the street.(强调主语)
是我在街上遇见了玛丽。
④It was in the street that I met Mary.(强调地点状语)
我是在街上遇见玛丽的。
[名师提醒]
(1)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：去掉it is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则不是。
(2)被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等句子成分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who代替that，其他情况一般用that。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Was it yesterday that__he met Li Ping?
②When and where was (be)it that you were born?
③He didn’t go to bed until/till his wife came back.
→It was not__until__his wife came back that he went to bed.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Beethoven was born in Germany.He is regarded 1.as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.Unfortunately, he 2.lost (lose) his hearing in his twenties.He didn’t give up, but he continued to write music until his death in 1827.Beethoven produced some 3.amazing(amaze) pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824, Beethoven’s ninth symphony was 4.finally__(final) completed.Before the performance, Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be 5.a__disaster.After all, he could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius.
The audience did not hesitate 6.to__clap (clap) and cheer loudly as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, 7.waving(wave) his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their 8.feet__(foot), clapping, cheering and waving their hats.But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score.It was not until one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience 9.that Beethoven realised his symphony was a success.The audience was shocked, most of 10.whom had no idea that Beethoven was deaf!
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
彼特被他的同学认为是(be regarded as)一位了不起的歌手。他以唱流行歌曲而闻名(be famous for)全校。不幸的是在他20多岁的时候(in his twenties)，他因车祸失去了双手(lose his hands)。他第一次(for the first time)陷入(be buried in)了悲痛之中。对他来说这好像是一个灾难(disaster)。但是，老师和同学们的鼓励增加(add to)了他战胜困难的决心。他毫不犹豫地(without hesitation)重新开始他新的生活。大多数人不知道(have no idea)他为克服自身的残疾到底付出了多少艰辛。但是，他最终还是主宰了(take charge of)自己的命运，并且取得了成功。
Peter__is__regarded__as__an__amazing__singer__by__his__schoolmates.He__is__famous__for__singing__popular__songs__in__the__whole__school.It__was__not__fortunate__that__in__his__twenties__he__lost__his__hands__in__a__traffic__accident.For__the__first__time__he__was__buried__in__bitterness.It__seemed__like__a__disaster__for__him.But__the__encouragement__from__his__teachers__and__schoolmates__added__to__his__determination__to__overcome__difficulties.He__started__a__new__life__without__hesitation.Most__of__people__had__no__idea__how__hard__he__overcame__his__disability.But__finally__he__took__charge__of__his__own__fortune__and__got__success.
构词法
一、构词法的分类
1．派生：即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。
rich adj.富有的→enrich v．丰富 home n．家→homeless adj.无家可归的
2．转换：即同一单词具有多种词性。
back n．背→back v．支持 slow adj.慢的→slow v．减慢
You can use the water in the ditch to water the flowers.
你可以用沟里的水浇花。
3．合成：即由两个单词合成一个单词。
blackboard n．黑板 hand－made adj.手工制作的
二、常见派生词缀
1．名词后缀
(1)动词＋－ion/－tion/－sion→名词(表示动作或动作过程)
correct v．改正；纠正→correction n．改正
celebrate v．庆祝→celebration n．庆祝；庆祝会
conclude v．推断；结束→conclusion n．结论；结束
(2)动词＋－er/－or→名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)
drive v．驾驶；驱赶→driver n．司机；驾驶员
gather v．聚集；采集 →gatherer n．收集者；采集者
conduct v．指挥；管理→conductor n．指挥；售票员
(3)动词＋－ment→名词
punish v．惩罚→punishment n．惩罚
(4)动词/形容词＋－th→名词
warm adj.温暖的→warmth n．温暖 grow v．生长→growth n．生长
(5)形容词＋－y→名词
difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难 honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实
(6)形容词＋－ness→名词
kind adj.善良的 →kindness n．善良
(7)动词＋－ance→名词
annoy vt.使烦恼→annoyance n．生气；烦恼
(8)－ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格)
member n．成员；会员→membership n．会员资格
professor n．教授→professorship n．教授身份
(9)－ing结尾的名词
garden n．花园→gardening n．园艺 greet v．打招呼；问候→greetings n．问候
2．形容词、副词后缀
(1)常见形容词后缀
①名词＋－al→形容词(表示“有……属性”，“与……有关”)
agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
②动词＋－ive→形容词
decide v．决定；下决心→decisive adj.决定性的；关键的
③动词＋－able→形容词(表示“能够”“适于”“值得”)
change v．变化；兑换→changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的
④名词＋－ful→形容词 care n．小心；关心→careful adj.小心的；仔细的
⑤名词＋－less→形容词(意思与原名词相反)
care n．小心；关心 →careless adj.粗心的
⑥名词＋－ly→形容词 friend n．朋友 →friendly adj.友好的
⑦名词＋－y→形容词 dirt n．污物；尘土 →dirty adj.脏的
⑧名词＋－ous→形容词 danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的
(2)副词后缀
形容词＋－ly→副词 careful adj.仔细的→carefully adv.仔细地
(3)复合形容词的构成
①形容词＋－ing分词 easy－going随和的
②形容词＋名词＋－ed kind－hearted善良的；好心的
③名词＋－ed分词 water－covered被水覆盖的
④副词＋－ed分词 well－written写得好的
⑤数词＋名词＋－ed three－legged三条腿的
3．动词词缀
(1)前缀－en＋形容词→动词 enrich v．丰富 enlarge v．变大；增大；扩大
(2)形容词＋－en→动词 shorten v．缩短 widen v．加宽
(3)－fy结尾的动词 simplify v．简化 classify v．归类
(4)－ize结尾的动词 realize v．认识到 popularize v．普及
4．否定词缀
(1)表示否定意义的前缀
①un－不，非 unable不能够 unlucky不幸的
②dis－不，非 dishonest不诚实的 discontinuous不连贯的
③in－不，非 inactive不活跃的 incorrect不正确的
④im－不，非 impatient不耐烦的 impossible不可能的
⑤ir－不，非 irregular不规则的 irresponsible不负责任的
⑥il－不，非 illogical不合逻辑的 illegal非法的
⑦non－不，非 non－existent不存在的 non－stop直达的；连续不断的
⑧mis－错误 mislead 误导 misunderstand 误解
⑨dis－＋动词(意义相反) dislike不喜欢 disagree 不同意
⑩un－＋动词(意义相反) uncover揭开 undress 脱衣服
(2)表示否定意义的后缀：名词＋－less→否定意义的形容词
use n．用处→useless adj.无用的
hope n．希望→hopeless 没有希望的；绝望的
home n．家→homeless adj.无家可归的
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
1．From the expression (express) on Mary’s face，he knew he left a bad impression(impress) on her.
2．If she won the election (elect) to become chairman of the Environment Organization (organize), he could not get her permission (permit) to join it.
3．He was willing to do his best to rid the world of pollution (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.
4．“My dear, you are really a wonderful helper (help) ! I’m sure I will be the winner (win) of the election.”he said to his wife excitedly.
5．It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States.His earnings (earn) could hardly cover the expenses.
6．In Africa, poor nutrition caused the death(die) of the poor baby.
7．Thanks to his bravery (brave) and perseverance, he managed to gain the citizenship (citizen) of the United States and in the end he had his permanent settlement (settle)．
8．He always tells his children like this：Perseverance leads to happiness__(happy) and success.
[巩固内化2]
Ⅰ.写出加黑单词的汉语意思
1．You can find all the supplies，such as boxes, packing tape and more at truck rental.租赁
2．The good working condition in this city is attractive.吸引人的
3．You can rely on him because he is reliable.可依赖的；靠得住的
4．Her words struck fear into her heart so that she was sleepless all night long, afraid of being killed unexpectedly some day.没有睡觉的；不眠的
5．It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.有霜的
6．As we know，the Antarctic is an ice－covered continent.冰雪覆盖的
7．Everybody says Lily is an easy－going girl，so she has many friends.随和的
8．The old man’s sun－burnt face suggested he had worked hard in the field in summer.被太阳晒黑的
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is greatly (great) communicative.
2．Go to the gate carefully (careful), but try not to touch the dog.
3．Her classmates find her answers quite impressive (impress) and acceptable (accept)．
4．Lucy has many friends who think Lucy is a creative (create) and helpful__(help) girl.
5．It’s said that the boy once was a homeless (home)child.
6．She is friendly (friend) to those who have difficulty with their subjects.
7．All in all, Lucy is the most famous__(fame) girl in her school.
8．We think that we can finally(final) get out of this dirty (dirt) place.
[巩固内化3] 单句语法填空
1．Try your best to memorize (memory) these new words.
2．The question must be simplified (simple) so that we can find out a solution to it.
3．It costs a lot of money if we plan to purify__(pure) the waste water.
4．He quickened(quick) his steps to arrive home earlier.
5．You can enlarge (large) your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.
[巩固内化4] 单句语法填空
1．The speech seemed to be non－stop (stop) and the listeners became very impatient (patient) and left the meeting room one by one.
2．It’s said that oil is non－renewable (renewable)．
3．The audience thought what he said was impractical (practical) and unbearable (bearable) so they wouldn’t listen to him.
4．We all disbelieved__what he promised.
5．We feel that this is irresponsible to customers.
6．I hope we have no misunderstandings__ between us.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jack came home with a bloody (blood) nose.
2．If you describe someone as charming(charm), you mean they behave in a friendly, pleasant way that makes people like them.
3．Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable(comfort)．
4．They are going to take active( act ) steps to protect the wild animals.
5．The prisoners who escaped are violent and dangerous(danger)．
6．This kind of paper is weekly(week) newspaper because it is published once a week.And it costs you much less than that one.
7．If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an advertisement(advertise) in the local paper?
8．On the __twentieth(twenty) of February we went to have a picnic in the park.
9．Shorten__(short) this report to 2000 words because it is too long.
10．Only in this way can I simplify(simple) my task.
Ⅱ.语篇填空
Newspaper is a publication devoted 1.chiefly (chief) to presenting and commenting on the news.Newspapers provide an excellent means of keeping people well informed on current events.They also play an 2.extremely (extreme) important role in shaping public opinion.
Newspapers have certain advantages over other major news media—television, radio, the Internet, and news－magazines.For example, newspapers can cover more news in much greater detail than television and radio newscasts.News－magazines focus on chief 3.national (nation) and international events.But newspapers report local as well as national and international news and newspapers offer the public some 4.humorous (humor) stories and attractive stories about 5.wealthy (wealth) or famous people as well as 6.foolish (fool) little persons.
However，newspapers also have evident disadvantages.Due to the scientific 7.advancement (advance) and technical progress, the Internet and radio news travel more 8.swiftly (swift) than newspapers.Besides，the 9.useful (use)news is more 10.accessible (access) to the public through the radio and cell phones or portable computers.
A large daily newspaper provides a great variety of information.News stories cover the latest developments in such fields as government，politics，sports，science, business and arts.Other news stories report crimes, disasters, and special events, human interest and etc.Producing a daily newspaper requires great speed and 11.efficiency (efficient)．Reporters, correspondents，editors，and photographers work under the constant pressure of deadlines.A large daily also employs many other 12.employees (employ)，including advertising salespeople，13.artists (art)，librarians, printing－press 14.operators (operate)，and truck 15.drivers (drive).
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The policeman raised his hand as a signal(信号) to stop.
2．The valley is three miles long and half a mile broad(宽) .
3．If you can do that, you can come through the tense(紧张的) situations.
4．Genius (天才) without education is like silver in the mine.
5．I will not let minor__(小的) issues disturb my work.
6．The child asks his parents to buy him a piano(钢琴)．
7．When I was in trouble, she didn’t hesitate(犹豫) to give me a hand.
8．Her father was the best conductor(指挥家)in China.
9．He went backstage(后台)and asked for her autograph.
10．The talks proceeded(进行)in a friendly atmosphere.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Please don’t hesitate to__contact(contact) me if you have any questions.
2．Hearing(hear) the soft footsteps outside his room below, he rose and felt afraid.
3．I want you to take charge of this operation.
4．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked(lock)．
5．It was yesterday that he realized that he had made a big mistake.
6．The peasants kept on working even __if/though it was raining heavily.
7．We were all shocked(shock) at the news that our team failed in the last match.
8．Having a bath after a long time of work is __joyous__(joy)．
9．Who will work as the conductor(conduct) in the music competition?
10．The children were very excited when they heard they would go to the Great Wall for the first time.
11．Can you tell me the ending (end)of the movie that you watched yesterday?
12．Do you like the performance (perform)that was put on last week?
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice.No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer.Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition.It uses music, words, and actions to bring a dramatic story to life.Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe.Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.In recent decades, much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology.Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio, on TV, and in the cinema.
However, in recent years, opera has been facing serious challenges.One current challenge to opera is economics.The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists.Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi－million－dollar contracts given to sports athletes.But what about opera singers? Somehow, people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty, but this is unrealistic.If artists, including opera singers, lack the support they need, valuable talent is wasted.
Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show.They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal(排练) before a show starts.
Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment.Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound.These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful.Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low.Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.
There are no easy solutions to opera’s problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.However, every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form.The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。
1．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Opera singers’ life stories are dramatic.
B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films.
C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing.
D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.”可推知，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。]
2．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Opera singers are financially insecure.
B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent.
C．Opera singers get paid before the show.
D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句以及第三段第一句可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不稳定的，故选A。]
3．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4?
A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera.
B．Audiences know best how opera should be performed.
C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable.
D．Opera singers’ voices should be valued more than their looks.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。]
4．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Economic Challenge to Opera
B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties
C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture
D．The Historical Context of Opera
答案 B [标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。]
Ⅳ.七选五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May，State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added 1, 943 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to 4，295.__1__
The newly added sites were reviewed(评审) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shanxi，Henan，Hunan，Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins.__2__ In an interview，the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first，including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__3__ For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort，problems still exist.__4__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.The head of the SACH said that people had faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__5__ He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A．All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
B．They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C．The SACH has found a total of 4, 295 cultural relics.
D．Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
E．Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F．When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G．Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions(少数民族地区)．
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍的是国家文物局把一些文化遗产增加到名单中，以使这些文化遗产得到很好的保护。
1．A [中国在文化遗产保护方面一直在努力，今年又在不可移动文化遗址名单上增加了1 943处，它们都需要尽快地得到保护。故选A。]
2．B [根据前面的including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins可知，这些新增加的文化遗产包括795件古代建筑式样和516处古代废墟。为保持文意连贯，此处应是对此话题的进一步说明——它们也包括一些杰出的现代建筑式样。故选B。]
3．G [根据后面的For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region可知，此处说的是少数民族地区的一些有价值的文化遗产。故选G。]
4．D [根据前面的problems still exist可以判断出，此处应为在文物保护工作中遇到的问题。故选D。]
5．E [本段说的是人类应该在经济发展和保护文化遗产之间取得平衡。只有E项“文化遗产应该成为增进经济发展的积极因素”与段落大意相吻合。]
Ⅴ.语法填空
Hundreds of beautifully decorated dragon boats are taken to rivers 1.________ (celebrate) the memory of the great poet Qu Yuan.In rivers across the country, dragon races 2.________ (hold) on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.The festival is also a time to eat zongzi, 3.________ traditional dish of rice and fruit 4.________ (wrap) in bamboo leaves.According 5.________ the story of Qu Yuan, people would throw zongzi into the water so that the fish 6.________ (eat) the rice instead of the poet.The festival is also celebrated to protect people from bad luck and 7.________ (ill)．Healthy herbs are sometimes hung on the front door and nutritious drinks are prepared.Some people believe that 8.________ an egg is balanced on its end at 9.________ (exact) 12：00 noon, it means that the 10.________ (come) year will be good.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统节日“端午节”中一些庆祝活动的由来及活动细节。
1．to celebrate [考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语，指赛龙舟的目的是纪念伟大的诗人屈原。故填to celebrate。]
2．are held [考查动词的时态和语态。句中主语dragon races和动词hold是被动关系，指赛龙舟被举行。赛龙舟的日期是固定的一种习惯，用一般现在时。故用一般现在时的被动语态are held。]
3．a [考查冠词。此处表泛指，指粽子是一种传统的食物。故填a。]
4．wrapped [考查非谓语动词。rice and fruit与wrap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词wrapped作后置定语。]
5．to [考查固定短语。according to “根据，按照”是固定短语，此处指根据屈原的故事，故填to。]
6．would eat [考查动词的时态。此处指人们把粽子扔进河里为了鱼吃米就不再吃屈原的尸体。根据主句的谓语动词would throw可知，此处填would eat。]
7．illnesses [考查词性转换。空格处和bad luck并列，故应用名词形式。句意：端午节也是为了庆祝人们远离不幸和疾病。故填名词illnesses。]
8．if [考查连词。句意：如果一个鸡蛋在正午12点能够立住，就意味着来年好运。此处表示条件，故填if。]
9．exactly [考查词性转换。此处修饰12：00 noon，表示“正好12点”，用副词。故填exactly。]
10．coming [考查词性转换。the coming year “来年，即将到来的一年”，故填coming。]
Unit 7 Art
Section Ⅳ Lesson 3
1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what you think of Beethoven? Why?
He__was__a__great__and__strong－willed__composer__in__the__world.Though__he__was__deaf__completely,__he__didn’t__give__up__and__at__last__finished__his__ninth__symphony.
2．Prediction—(1)Look at the photo on Page 14 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__how__Ludwig__van__Beethoven__created__Symphony__No.9__in__D__minor__and__how__its__first__show__went.
(2)Read the text and predict what effects Beethoven’s works have made?
Beethoven’s__works__have__greatly__influenced__all__the__people__in__the__world.His__works__not__only__made__people__enjoy__wonderful__music__but__also__encouraged__people__to__work__even__harder.
1．First reading—Read the text and put the following statements in time order.
A．At 54 years of age, he conducted his last symphony successfully.
B．In his twenties，he lost his hearing.
C．Beethoven was born in Germany.
D．In 1824, he composed his ninth symphony.
答案 CBDA
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)What is Beethoven most famous as?
A．A pianist. B．A conductor.
C．A composer. D．A singer.
(2)Where was Beethoven born?
A．China. B．Italy.
C．Canada. D．Germany.
(3)What a big challenge did Beethoven face?
A．He became deaf. B．He became blind.
C．He became mad. D．He became lame.
(4)How many musical works did Beethoven write?
A．More than 100. B．More than 130.
C．More than 230. D．More than 300.
答案 (1)C (2)D (3)A (4)B
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and fill in the blanks below.
Beethoven
General introduction
Beethoven was born in ①Germany．He was remembered as a great ②composer in the history of music.
·His problem: In his ③twenties,__he lost his hearing.
·His achievements: In all his lifetime, he wrote ④more__than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
The performance of his last symphony
Before：The ⑤backstage atmosphere was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a ⑥failure/disaster because he couldn’t hear his orchestra.
·During: the orchestra was in the ⑦charge of Michael Umlauf and Beethoven. For over an hour, Beethoven jumped, ⑧waved his arms wildly and madly turned the pages of his score.Umlauf stood ⑨quietly by his side, skillfully guiding the orchestra.
·In the end: the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, ⑩cheering and waving their hats happily. Beethoven’s symphony turned out to be a success.
1．Thinking and discussing：How do you think Beethoven felt while he was conducting the orchestra? Tell the reason.
He__was__completely__addicted__to__his__conduct.For__more__than__an__hour,__Beethoven__jumped__about__in__front__of__the__orchestra,__waving__his__arms__wildly__in__the__air,__and__madly__turning__the__pages__of__his__score.__When__the__symphony__ended__and__the__audiences__cheered,__Beethoven__continued__conducting,__his__head__buried__in__the__score.
2．Make a summary about the text using your own words.
The__answer__is__open.
世界十大著名音乐家
1．Bach, father of music (Germany) 音乐之父——巴赫
2．Mozart, musical prodigy (Germany) 音乐神童——莫扎特
3．Beethoven, the great composer of music (Germany) 古今乐圣——贝多芬
4．Schubert, king of songs(Germany) 歌曲之王——舒伯特
5．Handel, music god (Germany)音乐神灵——韩德尔
6．Haydn, king of symphonies (Austria)交响曲之王——海顿
7．Chopin, piano poet (Poland) 钢琴诗人——肖邦
8．Liszt, king of piano (Hungary)钢琴之王——李斯特
9．Tchaikovsky, music master(Russia) 舞剧音乐大师——柴可夫斯基
10．Johann Strauss Sr., father of Waltz (Austria)圆舞曲之父——老约翰·施特劳斯
如何记生词
1．Group words with the same base form.
2．Group words that belong to the same topic.
3．Draw pictures and label new words, like the diagram on the first page of this unit.
4．Write new words in a notebook and study them in your spare time.
5．Use the new words in your speaking and writing.
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1．I asked him several times, but he didn’t respond.vi.回应
2．As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.v.示意
3．You have to charge the telephone after using it for a long time.v.充电
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1．in the history of在……历史上
2．in his twenties在他二十多岁的时候
3．for the first time第一次
4．give up放弃
5．as well也；又；还
6．in the end终于，__最后
7．after all终究，毕竟
8．hesitate to do sth迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
9．more than不仅仅是；多于；非常
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1．that引导的宾语从句
At 54 years of age, he didn’t know that this would be his last symphony.
2．even if引导的状语从句
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius?
3．not until的强调句型
It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1．It was said that Wynford was an architect of genius(天才)．
2．Can you tell me how to compose(作曲)?
3．He acted a minor(不重要的) character in this film .
4．I can accompany you on __piano(钢琴) if you want to sing.
5．I hope all of us can struggle__(奋斗) together and show our best to the world.
6．The doctor also tries to figure out how we respond(反应) to sickness.
7．After the show, those famous singers came backstage(后台)．
8．He is a composer__(compose) of serious music.I like his music a lot.
9．He had an awful encounter(冲突) with the conductor__(conduct) on the bus.
10．There’s nothing more __joyous__(joy) than his arrival.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1．The novel is__regarded__as (被认为是)one of the classic works.
2．An experienced teacher takes__charge__of__(负责) the class.
3．Tom，as__well__as(以及) his friends，is going to visit the exhibition next week.
4．For__the__first__time (第一次)I enjoyed so beautiful a park.
5．After many years’ hard work, he passed the College Entrance Exam in__the__end(最终)．
6．The young man still kept on trying even__if (尽管)he was very tired.
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1．For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
贝多芬在乐队前面跳了一个多小时，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻动着乐谱。
[仿写] 那位年轻人唱着一首歌走出了电影院。
That young man walked out of the theatre，singing__a__song．
2．It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。
[仿写] 直到他快到家的时候，他才意识到他的钥匙忘办公室了。
It was not__until__he__almost__reached__his__home__that he realized he had left his key in the office.
记单词
Ⅰ.一言串记多义词
Tom conducts himself in a good manner.He often conducts other people to conduct their affairs.Last week he conducted us safely to the railway station.On the way he told us most plastics do not readily conduct electricity and he could conduct a big band.
汤姆举止得体。他经常引导别人处理他们的事情。上星期他把我们安全地送到火车站。在路上他告诉我们大多数塑料不容易导电，他可以指挥一个大乐队。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1．名词后缀：－er, －or，－ation
compose(vt.)→composer (n.)
conduct(v.)→conductor (n.)
hesitate(vi.)→hesitation (n.)
2．形容词后缀：－ous
joy(n.)→joyous(adj.)
Ⅲ.合成词一族
back＋stage→backstage
句型公式
1．动词－ing短语作伴随状语
2．强调句型：“It was/is＋not until...that...”
1.struggle n．奋斗 vi.奋斗；拼搏
Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies，five piano pieces, and an opera! (教材P14)
受到与失聪斗争的启发，这位作曲家创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响曲、五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧！
[合作探究] 体会struggle的用法和意义
He has been struggling for success in his business.
为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。
A strong man will struggle with/against the storms of fate.
强者能同命运的风暴抗争。
Bravely，Mary struggled to her feet，and fought against/with the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
[自主发现]
①struggle with/against 与……作斗争
②struggle for 努力争取……；为……而斗争
③struggle __to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
[词块积累]
struggle to do sth努力做某事
class struggle阶级斗争
endless struggle奋斗不息
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Everyone wants to struggle for__freedom and against difficulty.
②The runner struggled to his feet (foot) and went on running forward.
③Though he was ill, he struggled to__finish(finish) his task on time.
2.respond vi. & vt.回应；回复
As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.(教材P14)当贝多芬自豪地在这页纸的底部签上自己的名字时，他努力想象人们第一次听到这首乐曲时会作何反应。
[合作探究] 体会respond及其相关词的用法和意义
They are likely to respond positively to the president’s request for aid.
他们有可能积极地回应该总统的援助请求。
Please respond to the question at once.请立刻回答这个问题。
This may be in response to the government pressure.
这可能是对政府压力的响应。
[自主发现]
①respond to回应；回答；响应
②in__response__to 响应；回答；对……有反应
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①How should we respond__to__complaints from friends?
对于来自朋友们的抱怨，我们该如何应对？
②He contributed one hundred dollars in__response__to__my__request．
他应我的请求而捐了100美元。
3.hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.(教材P15)
当这位著名作曲家12年来第一次走上舞台时，观众毫不犹豫地大声鼓掌。
[合作探究] 体会hesitate及其相关词的用法和意义
He hesitated to tell her the truth.该不该告诉她真相，他有些犹豫。
If you get in trouble, don’t hesitate to ask for advice.
如果碰到麻烦，要赶紧向人求教。
She hesitated about/over telling anyone.她对是否告诉别人犹豫不决。
She agreed to see him again without hesitation.
她毫不犹豫地同意和他再次见面。
[自主发现]
①hesitate to__do sth 迟疑做某事
②not hesitate to__do sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
③hesitate about/over doing sth 做某事犹豫不决
④without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①He did not hesitate for a minute to__save (save) the drowning child.
②I hesitated about taking (take) his side until I knew the whole story.
③Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.
④I hesitate to__spend (spend) so much money on clothes.
4.signal vt.标志着；预示；发暗号；示意 n．标识；信号；暗号
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats.(教材P15)
当最后一个欢快的音符预示着交响乐的结束时，观众们跳了起来，鼓掌，欢呼，挥舞着他们的帽子。
[合作探究] 体会signal的用法和意义
Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views have changed.
她昨天的讲话标志着她的观点已经转变。
The diner signalled (to) the waiters to bring the menu.
用餐者示意服务员把菜单拿来。
She signalled the other girls that everything was all right.
她对其他女孩发信号说一切正常。
[自主发现]
①signal(to)sb to__do sth 示意某人做某事
②signal (sb) that 示意……
[词块积累]
digital signal数字信号
signal sth to sb向某人示意……
traffic signals交通信号灯
send a signal to sb向某人发送信号
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①A red light is a danger signal, which is even known to a five－year－old child.
②She signalled us that everything was all right.
③ The police signalled the public to__keep__(keep) away from the traffic spot.
5.compose vt.作(曲)；构成； 写作 vi.组成； 作曲 composer n．作曲家
The one person in the room who didn’t hear the symphony—and never would— was the very man who composed it.(教材P15)
在这个房间里，只有一个人没有听过这首交响乐——而且永远也不会听到——他就是创作这首交响乐的人。
[合作探究] 体会compose及其相关词的用法和意义
The composer tried to compose herself when she was 12 years old.
那位女作曲家12岁就开始尝试自己作曲。
The United Nations consists of many nations.
→The United Nations is made up of many nations.
→The United Nations is composed of many nations.
→Many nations make up the United Nations.联合国由许多国家组成。
[自主发现]
①B由A组成
②A make up B A组成或构成B
[名师提醒] consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。
[词块积累]
compose a poem作诗
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Our school is composed of__100 classes in all.
②Twenty boys and thirty girls make up our class.
③In a sense, the life of each of us is__made(make) up of family, friends and career.
1.be regarded as被看做
He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.(教材P14)他被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
regard...as... 把……看做……(主动语态)
in this regard 关于这一点
①Lei Feng is regarded as a good example.雷锋被看做是一个好榜样。
②We regard Lei Feng as a good example.我们把雷锋看做好榜样。
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①Lu Xun was__regarded__as one of the best writers of the last century.
鲁迅被认为是上个世纪最好的作家之一。
②While you are against me, I__regard__you__as one of the able men.
虽然你反对我，但我认为你是一个有能力的人。
③In__this__regard,__at all times I stand together with the human.
在这一点上，我任何时候都是和人类站在一起的。
2.give up放弃
Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music.(教材P14)贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
give in (to) 屈服；让步
give off 发出，放出(气味、热、光等)
give out 用完，耗尽；分发；发出(声音、光等)
give away 放弃； 泄露； 颁发； 出卖；赠送；捐赠
①They felt like they were giving away company secrets.
他们觉得自己正在泄露公司的秘密。
②The gas gave out on our way to the beach yesterday.
昨天在我们去海滩的路上车没油了。,[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.
②This is a very special flower and it can give off a fragrant perfume at night.
③The politician had to give in under pressure.
④In no case should you __give__up．
在任何情况下，你都不应该放弃。
3.add up合计；把……加起来
Writing the piece had taken several years, and now the final notes had been added to the score.(教材P14)
写这首乐曲花了好几年的时间，现在最后的音符已经加到乐谱上了。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
add up to 总计；合计为
add to 增加；增添(多用于抽象意义)
add...to... 把……加到……上
add that... 补充说……
①Remember：Little steps add up to big dreams.
记住：小的积累成就大的梦想。
②Every failure one meets with adds to one’s experience.
[谚语]吃一堑，长一智。
③Will you add more sugar to your coffee？你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？,[巩固内化]
①These fees add up to__ rather large sums.
②Do you have anything to add to the list?
③ You should add some details to your composition.
[巧学助记]
[名师提醒] add up to一般不用于被动语态。add up的宾语如是代词，要放在add与up之间。
4.after all终究，毕竟
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius？(教材P15)毕竟，一个指挥家——即使是一个音乐天才，听不见他的管弦乐队有什么用呢？
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
above all 最重要；首先
first of all 首先，第一(强调顺序)
at all 根本，全然
not at all 一点也不
in all 总共，共计
all in all 总之，总的来说
①How many people were there in all at the party？晚会上一共有多少个人？
②He has faults, but, all in all，he is a good helper.
他虽有缺点，但总的说来，他是一个好帮手。
③Above all, we must be honest about what we do not know.
最重要的是，对于我们不了解的东西我们必须诚实。
[巩固内化] 完成句子
①He wasn’t satisfied with what we said __at__all．
他对我们所说的话一点儿也不满意。
②All__in__all,__the reasons above make me like the book best.
总而言之，以上原因让我最喜欢这本书。
③You shouldn’t depend on your parents at__all，and after__all you have been over eighteen；above__all you should earn money by yourself.
你一点都不应该依靠父母了，毕竟你已经过十八岁了。最重要的是你应该自己挣钱。
5.take charge of负责，主管
The theatre’s musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra.(教材P15)剧院的音乐总监迈克尔·乌姆洛夫也加入了他的行列，两人一起负责管弦乐队。
[短语牢记] 记牢下列短语
charge...for... 索价，要价
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
in charge (of) 负责，主管(表主动)
in the charge of sb 由某人负责(表被动)
free of charge 免费
①He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.
父亲去世后他掌管了这家农场。
②He charged me five yuan for repairing my bike.
他修我的自行车收费五元钱。
③All the drinks including beer are free of charge.
全部饮料包括啤酒在内都是免费的。
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was charged with parking against rules.
②Class Five is in__the__charge__of__Miss Li；that is to say，Miss Li is in__charge__of Class Five.
五班由李老师负责，也就是说，李老师负责五班。
③Our information and services are free__of__charge．
我们的信息和服务是免费的。
1.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.(教材P15)
贝多芬在乐队前面跳了一个多小时，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻动着乐谱。
[句式解读] 句中waving his arms wildly in the air和madly turning the pages of his score是现在分词短语，作伴随状语。本句中Beethoven与wave和turn之间为主动关系，所以用waving 和turning。
[用法总结]
(1)现在分词作状语时，分词和句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(2)现在分词短语还可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、结果状语、方式状语等。
①Hearing the bad news, he burst into tears.
听到这个坏消息，他突然大哭起来。(时间状语)
②He came running back to tell me the news.
他跑回来告诉我这个消息。(方式状语)
③Being poor，many children of the mountain areas can’t go to school.
因为穷，山区的很多孩子不能上学。(原因状语)
④Working hard，you’ll surely succeed.只要努力，你肯定能成功。(条件状语),[巩固内化]
①The little boy sat under the tree，reading__a__story．
那个小男孩坐在树下，读一本故事书。
②They came into the classroom, talking__and__laughing．
他们谈笑着走进了教室。
③He sat in the armchair, reading__a__newspaper．
他坐在扶手椅里读报。
④Having__eaten__his__dinner，the boy rushed out.
那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。
2.It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.(教材P15)直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格尔挽起他的手臂，让他转过身来面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响曲获得了成功。
[句式解读] 句中It was not until ...that...为强调句型，其结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
[用法总结]
强调句型的结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”，强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语和状语等句子成分。
①It was on Monday night that all these happened.(强调时间状语)
这一切都发生在周一晚上。
②It was Mary that/who I met in the street.(强调宾语)
我在街上遇见的是玛丽。
③It was I that/who met Mary in the street.(强调主语)
是我在街上遇见了玛丽。
④It was in the street that I met Mary.(强调地点状语)
我是在街上遇见玛丽的。
[名师提醒]
(1)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：去掉it is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则不是。
(2)被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等句子成分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who代替that，其他情况一般用that。,[巩固内化] 单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Was it yesterday that__he met Li Ping?
②When and where was (be)it that you were born?
③He didn’t go to bed until/till his wife came back.
→It was not__until__his wife came back that he went to bed.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Beethoven was born in Germany.He is regarded 1.as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.Unfortunately, he 2.lost (lose) his hearing in his twenties.He didn’t give up, but he continued to write music until his death in 1827.Beethoven produced some 3.amazing(amaze) pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824, Beethoven’s ninth symphony was 4.finally__(final) completed.Before the performance, Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be 5.a__disaster.After all, he could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius.
The audience did not hesitate 6.to__clap (clap) and cheer loudly as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, 7.waving(wave) his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their 8.feet__(foot), clapping, cheering and waving their hats.But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score.It was not until one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience 9.that Beethoven realised his symphony was a success.The audience was shocked, most of 10.whom had no idea that Beethoven was deaf!
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
彼特被他的同学认为是(be regarded as)一位了不起的歌手。他以唱流行歌曲而闻名(be famous for)全校。不幸的是在他20多岁的时候(in his twenties)，他因车祸失去了双手(lose his hands)。他第一次(for the first time)陷入(be buried in)了悲痛之中。对他来说这好像是一个灾难(disaster)。但是，老师和同学们的鼓励增加(add to)了他战胜困难的决心。他毫不犹豫地(without hesitation)重新开始他新的生活。大多数人不知道(have no idea)他为克服自身的残疾到底付出了多少艰辛。但是，他最终还是主宰了(take charge of)自己的命运，并且取得了成功。
Peter__is__regarded__as__an__amazing__singer__by__his__schoolmates.He__is__famous__for__singing__popular__songs__in__the__whole__school.It__was__not__fortunate__that__in__his__twenties__he__lost__his__hands__in__a__traffic__accident.For__the__first__time__he__was__buried__in__bitterness.It__seemed__like__a__disaster__for__him.But__the__encouragement__from__his__teachers__and__schoolmates__added__to__his__determination__to__overcome__difficulties.He__started__a__new__life__without__hesitation.Most__of__people__had__no__idea__how__hard__he__overcame__his__disability.But__finally__he__took__charge__of__his__own__fortune__and__got__success.
构词法
一、构词法的分类
1．派生：即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。
rich adj.富有的→enrich v．丰富 home n．家→homeless adj.无家可归的
2．转换：即同一单词具有多种词性。
back n．背→back v．支持 slow adj.慢的→slow v．减慢
You can use the water in the ditch to water the flowers.
你可以用沟里的水浇花。
3．合成：即由两个单词合成一个单词。
blackboard n．黑板 hand－made adj.手工制作的
二、常见派生词缀
1．名词后缀
(1)动词＋－ion/－tion/－sion→名词(表示动作或动作过程)
correct v．改正；纠正→correction n．改正
celebrate v．庆祝→celebration n．庆祝；庆祝会
conclude v．推断；结束→conclusion n．结论；结束
(2)动词＋－er/－or→名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)
drive v．驾驶；驱赶→driver n．司机；驾驶员
gather v．聚集；采集 →gatherer n．收集者；采集者
conduct v．指挥；管理→conductor n．指挥；售票员
(3)动词＋－ment→名词
punish v．惩罚→punishment n．惩罚
(4)动词/形容词＋－th→名词
warm adj.温暖的→warmth n．温暖 grow v．生长→growth n．生长
(5)形容词＋－y→名词
difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n．困难 honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实
(6)形容词＋－ness→名词
kind adj.善良的 →kindness n．善良
(7)动词＋－ance→名词
annoy vt.使烦恼→annoyance n．生气；烦恼
(8)－ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格)
member n．成员；会员→membership n．会员资格
professor n．教授→professorship n．教授身份
(9)－ing结尾的名词
garden n．花园→gardening n．园艺 greet v．打招呼；问候→greetings n．问候
2．形容词、副词后缀
(1)常见形容词后缀
①名词＋－al→形容词(表示“有……属性”，“与……有关”)
agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
②动词＋－ive→形容词
decide v．决定；下决心→decisive adj.决定性的；关键的
③动词＋－able→形容词(表示“能够”“适于”“值得”)
change v．变化；兑换→changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的
④名词＋－ful→形容词 care n．小心；关心→careful adj.小心的；仔细的
⑤名词＋－less→形容词(意思与原名词相反)
care n．小心；关心 →careless adj.粗心的
⑥名词＋－ly→形容词 friend n．朋友 →friendly adj.友好的
⑦名词＋－y→形容词 dirt n．污物；尘土 →dirty adj.脏的
⑧名词＋－ous→形容词 danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的
(2)副词后缀
形容词＋－ly→副词 careful adj.仔细的→carefully adv.仔细地
(3)复合形容词的构成
①形容词＋－ing分词 easy－going随和的
②形容词＋名词＋－ed kind－hearted善良的；好心的
③名词＋－ed分词 water－covered被水覆盖的
④副词＋－ed分词 well－written写得好的
⑤数词＋名词＋－ed three－legged三条腿的
3．动词词缀
(1)前缀－en＋形容词→动词 enrich v．丰富 enlarge v．变大；增大；扩大
(2)形容词＋－en→动词 shorten v．缩短 widen v．加宽
(3)－fy结尾的动词 simplify v．简化 classify v．归类
(4)－ize结尾的动词 realize v．认识到 popularize v．普及
4．否定词缀
(1)表示否定意义的前缀
①un－不，非 unable不能够 unlucky不幸的
②dis－不，非 dishonest不诚实的 discontinuous不连贯的
③in－不，非 inactive不活跃的 incorrect不正确的
④im－不，非 impatient不耐烦的 impossible不可能的
⑤ir－不，非 irregular不规则的 irresponsible不负责任的
⑥il－不，非 illogical不合逻辑的 illegal非法的
⑦non－不，非 non－existent不存在的 non－stop直达的；连续不断的
⑧mis－错误 mislead 误导 misunderstand 误解
⑨dis－＋动词(意义相反) dislike不喜欢 disagree 不同意
⑩un－＋动词(意义相反) uncover揭开 undress 脱衣服
(2)表示否定意义的后缀：名词＋－less→否定意义的形容词
use n．用处→useless adj.无用的
hope n．希望→hopeless 没有希望的；绝望的
home n．家→homeless adj.无家可归的
[巩固内化1] 单句语法填空
1．From the expression (express) on Mary’s face，he knew he left a bad impression(impress) on her.
2．If she won the election (elect) to become chairman of the Environment Organization (organize), he could not get her permission (permit) to join it.
3．He was willing to do his best to rid the world of pollution (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.
4．“My dear, you are really a wonderful helper (help) ! I’m sure I will be the winner (win) of the election.”he said to his wife excitedly.
5．It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States.His earnings (earn) could hardly cover the expenses.
6．In Africa, poor nutrition caused the death(die) of the poor baby.
7．Thanks to his bravery (brave) and perseverance, he managed to gain the citizenship (citizen) of the United States and in the end he had his permanent settlement (settle)．
8．He always tells his children like this：Perseverance leads to happiness__(happy) and success.
[巩固内化2]
Ⅰ.写出加黑单词的汉语意思
1．You can find all the supplies，such as boxes, packing tape and more at truck rental.租赁
2．The good working condition in this city is attractive.吸引人的
3．You can rely on him because he is reliable.可依赖的；靠得住的
4．Her words struck fear into her heart so that she was sleepless all night long, afraid of being killed unexpectedly some day.没有睡觉的；不眠的
5．It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.有霜的
6．As we know，the Antarctic is an ice－covered continent.冰雪覆盖的
7．Everybody says Lily is an easy－going girl，so she has many friends.随和的
8．The old man’s sun－burnt face suggested he had worked hard in the field in summer.被太阳晒黑的
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is greatly (great) communicative.
2．Go to the gate carefully (careful), but try not to touch the dog.
3．Her classmates find her answers quite impressive (impress) and acceptable (accept)．
4．Lucy has many friends who think Lucy is a creative (create) and helpful__(help) girl.
5．It’s said that the boy once was a homeless (home)child.
6．She is friendly (friend) to those who have difficulty with their subjects.
7．All in all, Lucy is the most famous__(fame) girl in her school.
8．We think that we can finally(final) get out of this dirty (dirt) place.
[巩固内化3] 单句语法填空
1．Try your best to memorize (memory) these new words.
2．The question must be simplified (simple) so that we can find out a solution to it.
3．It costs a lot of money if we plan to purify__(pure) the waste water.
4．He quickened(quick) his steps to arrive home earlier.
5．You can enlarge (large) your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.
[巩固内化4] 单句语法填空
1．The speech seemed to be non－stop (stop) and the listeners became very impatient (patient) and left the meeting room one by one.
2．It’s said that oil is non－renewable (renewable)．
3．The audience thought what he said was impractical (practical) and unbearable (bearable) so they wouldn’t listen to him.
4．We all disbelieved__what he promised.
5．We feel that this is irresponsible to customers.
6．I hope we have no misunderstandings__ between us.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jack came home with a bloody (blood) nose.
2．If you describe someone as charming(charm), you mean they behave in a friendly, pleasant way that makes people like them.
3．Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable(comfort)．
4．They are going to take active( act ) steps to protect the wild animals.
5．The prisoners who escaped are violent and dangerous(danger)．
6．This kind of paper is weekly(week) newspaper because it is published once a week.And it costs you much less than that one.
7．If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an advertisement(advertise) in the local paper?
8．On the __twentieth(twenty) of February we went to have a picnic in the park.
9．Shorten__(short) this report to 2000 words because it is too long.
10．Only in this way can I simplify(simple) my task.
Ⅱ.语篇填空
Newspaper is a publication devoted 1.chiefly (chief) to presenting and commenting on the news.Newspapers provide an excellent means of keeping people well informed on current events.They also play an 2.extremely (extreme) important role in shaping public opinion.
Newspapers have certain advantages over other major news media—television, radio, the Internet, and news－magazines.For example, newspapers can cover more news in much greater detail than television and radio newscasts.News－magazines focus on chief 3.national (nation) and international events.But newspapers report local as well as national and international news and newspapers offer the public some 4.humorous (humor) stories and attractive stories about 5.wealthy (wealth) or famous people as well as 6.foolish (fool) little persons.
However，newspapers also have evident disadvantages.Due to the scientific 7.advancement (advance) and technical progress, the Internet and radio news travel more 8.swiftly (swift) than newspapers.Besides，the 9.useful (use)news is more 10.accessible (access) to the public through the radio and cell phones or portable computers.
A large daily newspaper provides a great variety of information.News stories cover the latest developments in such fields as government，politics，sports，science, business and arts.Other news stories report crimes, disasters, and special events, human interest and etc.Producing a daily newspaper requires great speed and 11.efficiency (efficient)．Reporters, correspondents，editors，and photographers work under the constant pressure of deadlines.A large daily also employs many other 12.employees (employ)，including advertising salespeople，13.artists (art)，librarians, printing－press 14.operators (operate)，and truck 15.drivers (drive).
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The policeman raised his hand as a signal(信号) to stop.
2．The valley is three miles long and half a mile broad(宽) .
3．If you can do that, you can come through the tense(紧张的) situations.
4．Genius (天才) without education is like silver in the mine.
5．I will not let minor__(小的) issues disturb my work.
6．The child asks his parents to buy him a piano(钢琴)．
7．When I was in trouble, she didn’t hesitate(犹豫) to give me a hand.
8．Her father was the best conductor(指挥家)in China.
9．He went backstage(后台)and asked for her autograph.
10．The talks proceeded(进行)in a friendly atmosphere.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Please don’t hesitate to__contact(contact) me if you have any questions.
2．Hearing(hear) the soft footsteps outside his room below, he rose and felt afraid.
3．I want you to take charge of this operation.
4．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked(lock)．
5．It was yesterday that he realized that he had made a big mistake.
6．The peasants kept on working even __if/though it was raining heavily.
7．We were all shocked(shock) at the news that our team failed in the last match.
8．Having a bath after a long time of work is __joyous__(joy)．
9．Who will work as the conductor(conduct) in the music competition?
10．The children were very excited when they heard they would go to the Great Wall for the first time.
11．Can you tell me the ending (end)of the movie that you watched yesterday?
12．Do you like the performance (perform)that was put on last week?
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice.No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer.Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition.It uses music, words, and actions to bring a dramatic story to life.Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe.Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.In recent decades, much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology.Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio, on TV, and in the cinema.
However, in recent years, opera has been facing serious challenges.One current challenge to opera is economics.The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists.Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi－million－dollar contracts given to sports athletes.But what about opera singers? Somehow, people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty, but this is unrealistic.If artists, including opera singers, lack the support they need, valuable talent is wasted.
Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show.They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal(排练) before a show starts.
Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment.Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound.These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful.Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low.Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.
There are no easy solutions to opera’s problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.However, every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form.The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。
1．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Opera singers’ life stories are dramatic.
B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films.
C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing.
D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.”可推知，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。]
2．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Opera singers are financially insecure.
B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent.
C．Opera singers get paid before the show.
D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句以及第三段第一句可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不稳定的，故选A。]
3．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4?
A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera.
B．Audiences know best how opera should be performed.
C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable.
D．Opera singers’ voices should be valued more than their looks.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。]
4．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Economic Challenge to Opera
B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties
C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture
D．The Historical Context of Opera
答案 B [标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。]
Ⅳ.七选五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May，State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added 1, 943 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to 4，295.__1__
The newly added sites were reviewed(评审) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shanxi，Henan，Hunan，Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins.__2__ In an interview，the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first，including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__3__ For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort，problems still exist.__4__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.The head of the SACH said that people had faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__5__ He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A．All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
B．They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C．The SACH has found a total of 4, 295 cultural relics.
D．Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
E．Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F．When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G．Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions(少数民族地区)．
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍的是国家文物局把一些文化遗产增加到名单中，以使这些文化遗产得到很好的保护。
1．A [中国在文化遗产保护方面一直在努力，今年又在不可移动文化遗址名单上增加了1 943处，它们都需要尽快地得到保护。故选A。]
2．B [根据前面的including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins可知，这些新增加的文化遗产包括795件古代建筑式样和516处古代废墟。为保持文意连贯，此处应是对此话题的进一步说明——它们也包括一些杰出的现代建筑式样。故选B。]
3．G [根据后面的For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region可知，此处说的是少数民族地区的一些有价值的文化遗产。故选G。]
4．D [根据前面的problems still exist可以判断出，此处应为在文物保护工作中遇到的问题。故选D。]
5．E [本段说的是人类应该在经济发展和保护文化遗产之间取得平衡。只有E项“文化遗产应该成为增进经济发展的积极因素”与段落大意相吻合。]
Ⅴ.语法填空
Hundreds of beautifully decorated dragon boats are taken to rivers 1.________ (celebrate) the memory of the great poet Qu Yuan.In rivers across the country, dragon races 2.________ (hold) on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.The festival is also a time to eat zongzi, 3.________ traditional dish of rice and fruit 4.________ (wrap) in bamboo leaves.According 5.________ the story of Qu Yuan, people would throw zongzi into the water so that the fish 6.________ (eat) the rice instead of the poet.The festival is also celebrated to protect people from bad luck and 7.________ (ill)．Healthy herbs are sometimes hung on the front door and nutritious drinks are prepared.Some people believe that 8.________ an egg is balanced on its end at 9.________ (exact) 12：00 noon, it means that the 10.________ (come) year will be good.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统节日“端午节”中一些庆祝活动的由来及活动细节。
1．to celebrate [考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语，指赛龙舟的目的是纪念伟大的诗人屈原。故填to celebrate。]
2．are held [考查动词的时态和语态。句中主语dragon races和动词hold是被动关系，指赛龙舟被举行。赛龙舟的日期是固定的一种习惯，用一般现在时。故用一般现在时的被动语态are held。]
3．a [考查冠词。此处表泛指，指粽子是一种传统的食物。故填a。]
4．wrapped [考查非谓语动词。rice and fruit与wrap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词wrapped作后置定语。]
5．to [考查固定短语。according to “根据，按照”是固定短语，此处指根据屈原的故事，故填to。]
6．would eat [考查动词的时态。此处指人们把粽子扔进河里为了鱼吃米就不再吃屈原的尸体。根据主句的谓语动词would throw可知，此处填would eat。]
7．illnesses [考查词性转换。空格处和bad luck并列，故应用名词形式。句意：端午节也是为了庆祝人们远离不幸和疾病。故填名词illnesses。]
8．if [考查连词。句意：如果一个鸡蛋在正午12点能够立住，就意味着来年好运。此处表示条件，故填if。]
9．exactly [考查词性转换。此处修饰12：00 noon，表示“正好12点”，用副词。故填exactly。]
10．coming [考查词性转换。the coming year “来年，即将到来的一年”，故填coming。]
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