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湖南省郴州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省郴州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
郴州市2023年上学期期末教学质量监测试卷
高二英语(试题卷)
注意事项：
1. 本试题卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分, 共12页。时量120分钟, 满分150分。
2. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上, 并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。
3. 考生作答时, 选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上, 在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。
4. 考试结束后, 将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例 ：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A In a bank. B. In a post office. C. In a restaurant.
2. What time is it now?
A. 8:15. B. 8:20. C. 8:25.
3. What does the man probably think of the party?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s crowded. C. It’s interesting.
4. What will the man do on Saturday?
A. Watch a movie. B. Prepare his math lesson. C. Take a math exam.
5. Why is the woman using two computers?
A. She wants to be more efficient.
B. She is learning about Bill Gates.
C. She thinks it is more comfortable.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅 读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. How many people are coming for dinner?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
7. Where will they sit?
A. By the window. B. At the gate. C. In the middle.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Why does Tim want to do some sports?
A. To lose weight. B. To keep fit. C. To keep young.
9. What sport does Tim want to try?
A. Playing basketball. B. Running. C. Swimming.
10. Who is likely to go to the gym with Tim?
A. Diana. B. Daniel. C. Susan.
听第8段材料, 回答第11 至13题。
11. What do we know about the Pine Room?
A. It will be used by others.
B. It is under decoration.
C. It isn’t big enough for the party.
12. Why did the man suggest the White Room?
A. It was newly decorated.
B. It was available at 10:00 a. m.
C. It had many used books.
13. What will the man do next Friday night?
A. Make a speech. B. Take part in a party. C. Prepare for a speech.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。
14. Who is Jason?
A. The guide of the trip.
B. The woman’s husband.
C. The woman’s friend in Bali.
15. What may interest the woman most on the island of Bali?
A. Good restaurants and shops.
B. Nice hotels and water sports.
C. The weather and the sea view.
16. What does the man need to make a reservation?
A. The woman’s ID card.
B. The woman’s credit card.
C. The woman’s passport.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Why did the speaker post an ad in the newspaper?
A. To look for a job.
B. To look for a new roommate.
C. To look for an apartment.
18. How did Andrew get in touch with the speaker?
A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phone.
19. What can be found in the apartment?
A. A study. B. A dining room. C. A kitchen.
20. What will Andrew do next?
A. Move into the apartment. B. See another apartment. C. Talk to strange people.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What do you do when you have a few minutes to spare? There are thousands of puzzles to choose from that can be worked on at your convenience. They all have something in common: they test your skills or knowledge. Here are four of the most common.
Word puzzles
One of the most popular word puzzles — the crossword — has been around for nearly 110 years. Crosswords can be done with paper and pencil or online. Sometimes word puzzles involve finding new words within a large group of letters. This type of word puzzle is called a word search. Word puzzles usually test your vocabulary. Knowing the language that the game is designed in is required for success, however.
Math puzzles
Math puzzles involve numbers, words or objects and the use of math. Surprisingly, the ever-popular Candy Crush is classified as a math puzzle. Math skills are required for players to successfully move and match colored candies.
Mechanical puzzles
Mechanical puzzles have pieces that must be arranged in some way. The world’s best-selling puzzle, the Rubik’s Cube, is a mechanical puzzle. As of 2020, over 450 million Rubik’s Cubes had been sold. Jigsaw puzzles also fall into the category of mechanical puzzles. They typically involve putting pieces in the right place to form a picture. Jigsaw puzzles have from two to over 550, 000 pieces — the largest one on record.
Logic puzzles
Figuring out the solution to a logic puzzle requires careful thought rather than guessing. Sudoku and Mine Finder are examples of logic puzzles. In Mine Finder players must determine where the mines are hidden in a grid.
1. Which puzzles contribute to word learning?
A. Word puzzles. B. Math puzzles.
C. Logic puzzles. D. Mechanical puzzles.
2. What do Rubik’s Cubes and Jigsaw puzzles share in common?
A. Both are best-selling puzzles.
B. Both have more than 550, 000 pieces.
C. Both have pieces that must be put in the right place.
D. Both test mechanical engineering skills or knowledge.
3. In which section of magazine can you probably read this passage?
A. Life skills. B. Pop culture. C. Technology. D. Games.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几种常见的拼图游戏。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sometimes word puzzles involve finding new words within a large group of letters. This type of word puzzle is called a word search. Word puzzles usually test your vocabulary. (有时字谜需要在一大堆字母中找到新单词。这种类型的字谜被称为单词搜索。字谜通常测试你的词汇量。)”可知，Word puzzles练习单词搜索，测试你的词汇量，所以有助于单词学习。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The world’s best-selling puzzle, the Rubik’s Cube, is a mechanical puzzle. (世界上最畅销的拼图，the Rubik’s Cube，是一个机械拼图。)”以及“Jigsaw puzzles also fall into the category of mechanical puzzles. They typically involve putting pieces in the right place to form a picture. (Jigsaw puzzles也属于机械拼图的范畴。它们通常需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。)”可知，the Rubik’s Cube和Jigsaw puzzles的共同点是都需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中“There are thousands of puzzles to choose from that can be worked on at your convenience. (有成千上万的拼图游戏可供选择，在你方便的时候。)”可知，本文主要介绍几种常见的拼图游戏，所以最可能摘自杂志的游戏部分。故选D。
B
Gregory Burns, an well-known artist and speaker, has run a marathon, climbed both Mount Kinabalu and Jade Mountain, and much more. He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.
When Burns was a year old, he was diagnosed with polio, and he lost the use of his legs. In 1962, his doctor said, “The best thing for a kid with polio would be to swim in a warm-water pool. ” So, arrangements were made for the boy to practice swimming. In the water, he felt a freedom that he didn’t experience anywhere else. In 1977, Burns discovered the Paralympic Games. He spent the next 27 years in international swimming competitions, some of which resulted in five world records.
In 1984, Burns moved to Taiwan Province where he studied Chinese art. From 1989 to 1990, he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. Over the years, Burns had many interesting jobs. But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled. He went back to school and completed a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in 1999. Then, working as a full-time artist, Burns uses his art to inspire people of all ages. He has a special interest in disadvantaged children. He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals.
Today Burns is recognized as a world-class athlete, a motivational speaker and a notable artist. He has always aspired to excellence and encourages others to do the same.
He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them
4. Which statement is true about Gregory Burns according to the text?
A. He is a famous climber.
B. He is a man of great achievements.
C. He lost his legs when he was a child.
D. He practiced swimming for 27 years.
5. According to paragraph 3, what made Burns feel really fulfilled in his life?
A. That he studied art again and worked as an artist.
B. That he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom.
C. That he helped and inspired some disabled children.
D. That he moved to Taiwan Province to study Chinese art.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Burns?
A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Intelligent. D. Creative.
7. What can we learn from Gregory Burns?
A. A person’s attitude determines his height.
B Failure is just not enough for your efforts.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. The world will give way to those who have goals.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了身残志坚的Gregory Burns的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.(尽管他小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但在他的一生中，他取得了很多成就。)”可知，Gregory Burns是一个取得很多成就的人，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled.(但是直到他转向到艺术，他才真正地感到满足。)”可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals. (他用艺术课程和其他方式来帮助他们看到并充分发挥自己的技能，这样的话他们就不会让残疾阻挡了他们追求梦想的脚步。)”可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人，由此可推断出是一个有决心的，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them.(他建议，每个人都应该面对并庆祝那些生活中遇到的挑战。)”可知，从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你是残疾，这都不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步，故“世界会给那些有目标的人让路”是我们可以从Burns身上学到的，故选D。
C
It happens all the time. You set something down and then for the life of you, you can’t remember where you left it. To assist absent-minded people, Apple came out with a handy device last year called an AirTag.
This small circular tag can be attached to your keys, your wallet or just about anything. The tag can then be tracked using Bluetooth in the Find My app. In the app, the AirTag displays its location on a map. If you have misplaced something in your house with an AirTag attached, the tag’s built-in speakers will play a sound. Follow the sound to locate it. You can also set up a separation alert in the Find My app. Using that, you can make sure your phone is always with you or you don’t leave your keys or wallet behind. You can track multiple items, too.
As is true of many technologies, this one too, can be used for good or evil. Its purpose is to help you keep track of things — or people. Parents have put AirTags on their children’s cars to track their whereabouts. However, people are posting on social media about finding unknown AirTags on their ears or among their belongings. It’s scary to know someone is tracking you, and you don’t know who it is. Because of stories like these, concern is growing that AirTags are making a new kind of stalking or stealing possible. Police in Canada have investigated cases in which car thieves put AirTags on high-end vehicles. The thieves then found the cars later and stole them.
Apple is fighting back. If an AirTag that is not registered to you starts moving with you, you will be notified. An alert will appear on your iPhone when you get home. If you find a foreign AirTag among your belongings, you can easily disable it by taking out the battery.
AirTags can be extremely helpful, but perhaps they should be used with care as well.
8. Who are the Airtags probably designed for?
A. People who easily get lost.
B. People who tend to forget things.
C. People who are often absent from work.
D. People who are interested in handy devices.
9. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Why people use Airtags. B. How Airtags can be used.
C. The advantages of Airtags. D. The applications of Airtags.
10. What does the underlined word “stalking” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Tracking. B. Driving. C. Robbing. D. Cheating.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude towards AirTags?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AirTag这个便携设备如何使用以及使用它的利与弊。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It happens all the time. You set something down and then for the life of you, you can’t remember where you left it. To assist absent-minded people, Apple came out with a handy device last year called an AirTag.(这种事经常发生。你把东西放下，然后你怎么也想不起来放在哪里了。为了帮助那些心不在焉的人，苹果公司去年推出了一款名为AirTag的便携设备。)”可知，Airtag是为那些容易忘记事情的人设计的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“This small circular tag can be attached to your keys, your wallet or just about anything. The tag can then be tracked using Bluetooth in the Find My app. In the app, the AirTag displays its location on a map. If you have misplaced something in your house with an AirTag attached, the tag’s built-in speakers will play a sound. Follow the sound to locate it. You can also set up a separation alert in the Find My app. Using that, you can make sure your phone is always with you or you don’t leave your keys or wallet behind. You can track multiple items, too.(这个小的圆形标签可以贴在你的钥匙、钱包或任何东西上。然后可以在“查找我的”应用程序中使用蓝牙来跟踪标签。在应用程序中，AirTag会在地图上显示它的位置。如果你在家里放错了装有AirTag的东西，标签的内置扬声器就会发出声音。跟着声音找到它。你也可以在“寻找我的”应用程序中设置分离提醒。使用这个功能，你可以确保你的手机一直在身边，或者你没有忘记带钥匙或钱包。您也可以跟踪多个项目。)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何使用AirTag。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“It’s scary to know someone is tracking you, and you don’t know who it is.(知道有人在跟踪你，而你不知道是谁，这很可怕。)”说明AirTag可以跟踪使用物品的人，从而推知划线词句“Because of stories like these, concern is growing that AirTags are making a new kind of stalking or stealing possible.(由于这样的故事，人们越来越担心AirTag正在使一种新型的stalking或盗窃成为可能。)”其中划线词应为“跟踪”的意思。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“AirTags can be extremely helpful, but perhaps they should be used with care as well.(AirTags可能非常有用，但也许也应该小心使用。)”可知，作者对AirTags持谨慎的态度。故选C项。
D
As temperatures soar, electric bills often go through the roof. That’s because people tend to turn on their air conditioners during the long, hot summer months.
It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed. Certain building materials can feel cooler because of their ability to absorb heat and release it slowly. Other buildings use water cooling systems to cool them. However, these aren’t the only methods. Science has a few more tricks up its sleeve.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed the world’s whitest paint. This paint can keep a building’s exterior surface cooler than the surrounding temperature. On hot days, walls absorb heat and often become 10 to 20 degrees Celsius hotter than the air around them. But walls painted with Purdue’s white paint reflect 98.1 percent of the heat and send it back into space. This creates a cooling effect.
Purdue professor Xiulin Ruan believes that the super-white paint could have a more powerful cooling effect than many home air conditioners. Researchers hope to have the paint on the market in five to 10 years.
Yi Zheng of Northeastern University has created a “cooling paper”. This material reflects the sun’s rays while pulling heat out of a building’s interior, and the paper can be recycled. He and his team discovered that the paper helps bring down a room’s temperature by about 6 degrees Celsius. Zheng hopes that the cooling paper will someday be used on roofs and within building materials.
Now and in the future, perhaps some of these energy-efficient methods will make it easier to beat the heat.
12. Why does the author mention the air conditioners at the beginning of the passage?
A. To describe a fact. B. To support an idea.
C. To provide examples. D. To introduce the topic.
13. What do we know about Purdue’s white paint?
A. It has been on the market.
B. It is the world’s coolest paint.
C. Walls painted with it reflect most of the heat.
D. It can keep the whole building’s surface cooler.
14. What can we infer according to Yi Zheng?
A. The surface of a buildings is better covered with paper.
B. Buildings will be built mostly with cooling paper someday.
C. The cooling paper will be practical and eco-friendly building materials.
D. The cooling paper can bring down a room’s temperature more than air conditioners.
15. Which of the following would be the best title?
A. Purdue’s White Paint: A New Material to Cool Buildings
B. Cool Buildings: Innovative Ways to Keep Buildings Cool
C. Cool Building Materials: Solutions to Fight against Climate Change
D. Future Air Conditioners: New Energy-efficient Methods to Beat the Heat
【答案】12 D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“As temperatures soar, electric bills often go through the roof. That’s because people tend to turn on their air conditioners during the long, hot summer months.(随着气温的飙升，电费经常飞涨。这是因为在漫长而炎热的夏季，人们往往会打开空调)”以及第二段“It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed.(据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中)”后文则是具体介绍了几种方法，所以作者在文章开头提到空调是为了介绍主题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers at Purdue University have developed the world’s whitest paint. This paint can keep a building’s exterior surface cooler than the surrounding temperature. On hot days, walls absorb heat and often become 10 to 20 degrees Celsius hotter than the air around them. But walls painted with Purdue’s white paint reflect 98.1 percent of the heat and send it back into space.(普渡大学的研究人员开发出了世界上最白的油漆。这种涂料可以使建筑物的外表面温度低于周围的温度。在炎热的天气里，墙壁会吸收热量，通常会比周围的空气温度高10到20摄氏度。但是，用普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，并将其送回了太空)”可知，普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，即能反射大部分的热量。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Yi Zheng of Northeastern University has created a “cooling paper”. This material reflects the sun’s rays while pulling heat out of a building’s interior, and the paper can be recycled. He and his team discovered that the paper helps bring down a room’s temperature by about 6 degrees Celsius. Zheng hopes that the cooling paper will someday be used on roofs and within building materials.(东北大学的Yi Zheng发明了一种“冷却纸”。这种材料可以反射太阳光线，同时从建筑物内部吸收热量，而且这种纸可以回收利用。他和他的团队发现，这种纸有助于将房间温度降低约6摄氏度。郑希望这种冷却纸有一天能被用于屋顶和建筑材料)”可知，这种“冷却纸”不但能降温还能回收利用，所以是实用且环保的建筑材料。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed.(据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中)”以及后文是具体介绍了几种方法，所以本文主要介绍了保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法，所以B项“Cool Buildings: Innovative Ways to Keep Buildings Cool(凉爽的建筑物：保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re determined to rise with the sun — or simply catch more of the morning — know that transitioning to a new schedule requires time and effort. Sleep experts suggest these strategies:
Seek out as much natural light as possible
____16____, Martin stresses. That’s because light suppresses (抑制) melatonin(褪黑素), a hormone that plays an important role in circadian rhythm. “The sun is the driver of our internal clock,” she says. “I want the light coming in and helping them wake up.”
____17____
For some people — like those who need to drive long distances — those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe. In that case, Martin recommends gradually easing into the early-bird life. “What I’ll suggest to people is to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour,” she says. “That’s a little easier for people to tolerate.”
Be consistent — even on weekends
Becoming a morning person is a seven-day-a-week job. Decide what time you’re going to wake up every day, and stick to it, without exception. “If someone says, ‘I want to be more of a morning person during the week, but I want to sleep in on the weekends,’ ____18____.” Gehrman says.
Wind down in the evenings
A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, Gehrman says, ____19____. Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night — so you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule.
At last, if you want to ensure you fall asleep quickly,____20____. A 300-microgram dose (剂量) about three to four hours before you plan to go to bed will help you start to feel sleepy, she says.
A. Ease in gradually
B. Do not give up easily
C. you should think twice
D. that’s not going to work
E. Blair suggests trying small amounts of melatonin
F. but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep
G. The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了睡眠专家给出的有关睡眠健康的建议。
【16题详解】
上文标题“Seek out as much natural light as possible(尽可能多地寻找自然光)”建议寻找自然光，选项G“成为一个早起的人的秘诀是暴露在明亮的光线下”承接标题，建议暴露在明亮的自然光下。故选G项。
【17题详解】
结合其他小标题可知，此处应用祈使句，只有A和B选项可选。下文“In that case, Martin recommends gradually easing into the early-bird life. (在这种情况下，Martin建议逐渐适应早起的生活)”等内容可知，建议逐渐进入这种早起的生活模式，选项A“逐渐进入”符合本段主题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
本段小标题“Be consistent — even on weekends(保持一致——即使是在周末)”建议要持之以恒，周末也要坚持，上文“If someone says, ‘I want to be more of a morning person during the week, but I want to sleep in on the weekends,’(如果有人说，‘我想在工作日多做一个早起的人，但我想在周末睡懒觉’，)”提到有人不想在周末坚持下去，由此推知，空处陈述这种做法的影响或后果，选项D“这是行不通的”承接上文，说明那是行不通的。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, Gehrman says, (Gehrman说，固定的就寝时间并不像每天坚持相同的起床时间那么重要，)”谈论的是就寝时间，选项F“但确保充足的睡眠仍然很重要”承接上文，和上文谈论同一主题，之间是转折关系。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“A 300-microgram dose (剂量) about three to four hours before you plan to go to bed will help you start to feel sleepy, she says. (她说，睡前三到四个小时服用300微克，会帮助你开始感到困倦。)”具体说明服用一定的药物会有帮助，选项E“Blair建议尝试少量的褪黑素”建议尝试药物，引出下文，语义一致。下文中she指选项中Blair，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Colorful ____21____ of various shapes and sizes filled the sky like beautiful birds. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a string kept them ____22____.
____23____ blowing away with the wind, the kites arose against it to fly higher. They shook and pulled, but the string ____24____ them facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, ”Let me go! Let me go! I want to be ____25____!“They soared beautifully even as they fought the restriction of the string. Finally, one of the kites ____26____ to break loose. “Free at last,” it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wind. ”
Yet freedom from being ____27____ simply put it at the mercy of an unfriendly breeze. It fell ____28____ to the ground and landed in a mass of weeds.
How much like ____29____ we sometimes are. The heaven gives us rules to ____30____. We can grow and gain ____31____ from them. Some of us go against the rules so ____32____ that we never succeeded reaching the heights. We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.
Let us each try our best to reach the ____33____. We should recognize some of the rules that we may be ____34____ at are actually a steady force. It helps us achieve a higher ____35____.
21. A. creations B. ideas C. memories D. discoveries
22. A. attended B. cycled C. contributed D. controlled
23. A. Rather than B. Due to C. Apart from D. As for
24. A. found B. left C. stopped D. interrupted
25. A. fortunate B. comfortable C. independent D. safe
26. A. failed B. managed C. arranged D. recorded
27. A. signed up B. calmed down C. turned down D. tied up
28. A. helplessly B. doubtfully C. tirelessly D. patiently
29. A. weeds B. rules C. kites D. wind
30. A. drive B. change C. keep D. work
31. A. strength B. relief C. pride D. excitement
32. A. right B. straight C. firmly D. deep
33. A. adventure B. performance C. conflict D. destination
34. A. worried B. annoyed C. surprised D. disappointed
35. A. duty B. speed C. signal D. goal
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者看到风筝后得到的关于自由的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：各种形状和大小的彩色作品像美丽的鸟儿一样布满了天空。A. creations创意；作品；B. ideas想法；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。后文提到“various shapes and sizes filled the sky like beautiful birds.”（形状大小各异像美丽的小鸟一样）由此判断，作者看到的风筝都是非常美丽的作品。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当强风吹向风筝时，一根绳子控制着它们。A. attended出席；参加；B. cycled循环；C. contributed捐赠；贡献；D. controlled控制。前文提到“One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites.”（在一个有风的春日，我看到一群年轻人乘着风放风筝，玩得很开心。）由此判断，风筝飞上天时都需要风筝线控制。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：风筝不是被风吹走，而是逆风而起，飞得更高。A. Rather than而不是；B. Due to由于；C. Apart from除.....之外；D. As for至于。后文提到“the kites arose against it to fly higher.”（而是逆风而起，飞得更高）由此判断，前后文提到的情况相反，因此可使用固定短语rather than（而不是）表示在两个选择中作出相反的选择。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们摇晃着，拉着，但绳子让他们面朝上，逆风而行。A. found发现；B. left让......处于某种状态；C. stopped阻止；D. interrupted打断。根据放风筝的常识可知，拉扯风筝线让风筝逆风而上才能飞得更高。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当风筝在线上挣扎和颤抖时，它们似乎在说:“放开我!放开我!我要独立!”A. fortunate幸运的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. independent独立的；D. safe安全的。前文提到“Let me go! Let me go!”（放开我！放开我！）说明作者觉得此时的风筝好像要挣扎着要脱离风筝线的控制，想要独立。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，一只风筝挣脱了。A. failed失败；B. managed设法；C. arranged安排；D. recorded记录。后文提到“Free at last, “ it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wind. ””（“终于自由了，”它似乎在说。“随风自由飞翔。”）由此判断，这只风筝是成功挣脱了风筝线的束缚。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：然而，不被束缚的自由只是让它任由不友好的微风摆布。A. signed up注册；B. calmed down冷静；C. turned down拒绝；D. tied up捆绑。风筝是被风筝线绑住的才能飞的更高，因此是被“束缚住的自由”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它无助地掉在地上，落在一堆杂草中。A. helplessly无助地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. patiently有毅力地。后文提到“landed in a mass of weeds”（落在一堆杂草中），风筝失去了风筝线的控制，只能无助地躺在杂草堆里。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有时多么像风筝啊。A. weeds杂草；B. rules规矩；C. kites风筝；D. wind风。后文提到“We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们遵守规则，从不飞得足够高，让我们的尾巴离开地面。）由此判断，作者看到天上的风筝后联想到人与风筝的相似之处。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上天给了我们要遵守的规则。A. drive驱使；B. change改变；C. keep保持；遵守；D. work工作。前文提到“The heaven gives us rules”（上天给了我们规则），且后文提到“Some of us go against the rules”（我们中的一些人违反规则）由此判断，上天给我们规则是要遵守的，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以从中成长和获得力量。A. strength力量；B. relief 宽慰；C. pride骄傲；D. excitement兴奋。前文提到“We can grow”（我们会从中成长）由此判断，在成长的路上会吸取能量。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们中的一些人如此坚决地违反规则，以至于我们从未成功地到达高处。A. right恰当的；B. straight坦诚的；C. firmly坚决地；D. deep深厚的。后文提到“we never succeeded reaching the heights.”（我们从未成功地到达高处。）且根据前文中“It fell helplessly to the ground and landed in a mass of weeds.”（它无助地掉在地上，落在一堆杂草中。）违反规则就好像是挣脱掉风筝线的风筝一样掉在杂草中，因此再也无法飞到自己想要到达的高度。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们每个人尽最大努力到达目的地。A. adventure冒险；B. performance表现；C. conflict冲突；D. destination目的地。前文提到“Some of us go against the rules so firmly that we never succeeded reaching the heights. We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们中的一些人如此坚决地违反规则，以至于我们从未成功地到达高处。我们遵守部分规则，从不飞得足够高，尾巴离开地面。）有些人不遵守规则，因此掉落在地上，而遵守规则的人又不能飞得足够高。因此要尽自己最大的努力，达到自己想要达到的高度，即“目的地”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们应该认识到，有些令我们生气的规则实际上是一种稳定的力量。A. worried焦虑的；B. annoyed生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. disappointed失望的。前文提到“As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, ”Let me go! Let me go! ”（当风筝在线上挣扎和颤抖时，它们似乎在说:“放开我!放开我!”）由此判断，作者看到被风吹的颤抖的风筝时，觉得风筝线是阻碍风筝自由的阻力，作者认为上天给我们的规则就好像是风筝线一样，这些风筝线的阻碍有时会让人觉得生气和烦恼，但却是让风筝能够越飞越高的原因。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我们实现更高的目标。A. duty任务；B. speed速度；C. signal信号；D. goal目标。前文提到“We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们遵守部分规则，从不飞得足够高，尾巴离开地面。）作者认为，我们应该借着风筝线的力量成为让自己稳定上升的力量，从而达到更高的高度。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
World Soil Day ____36____ (hold) every year on 5 December as a means to focus attention on the importance of soil health and to advocate for the sustainable management of soil resources. The UN General Assembly declared ____37____ first World Soil Day in 2014.
As we all know, the ____38____ (result) of climate change are increasingly unpredictable. Knowing the land, therefore, becomes essential in order to prevent damage ____39____ can do harm to soil health.
World Soil Day 2022 and its campaign, “Soils: Where food begins”, aims ____40____ (raise) awareness of the importance of maintaining ecosystems and human well-being by ____41____ (address) the growing challenges in soil management, increasing soil awareness and encouraging societies to improve soil health.
Soil nutrient loss is a major soil degradation (退化) process threatening nutrition. ____42____ is recognized as being among the most critical problems at a global level for food security and sustainability all around the globe. Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% to meet the global food demand in 2050 ____43____ up to 58% more food could be produced through sustainable soil management.
Our lives depend ____44____ soils-the mix of mineral and organic matter combined with air, water, and microbes. Without ____45____ (health) soils, every living creature on Earth is at risk.
【答案】36. is held
37. the 38. results
39. which##that
40. to raise
41. addressing
42. It 43. and
44. on##upon
45. healthy
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了世界土壤日以及它的目的和意义。
【36题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：每年的12月5日为世界土壤日，旨在使人们关注土壤健康的重要性，并倡导对土壤资源进行可持续管理。分析句子结构可知，hold作本句谓语，主语是World Soil Day两者是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语every year可知，用一般现在时。故填is held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2014年，联合国大会宣布设立首个世界土壤日。分析句子结构可知，空后是序数词，表示“第一”之意，前应用the。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：众所周知，气候变化的后果越来越难以预测。分析句子结构可知，空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，result意为“结果”，为可数名词，根据后文的are可知用复数形式。故填results。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，为了防止可能对土壤健康造成损害的破坏，了解土地变得至关重要。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是damage，在从句中作主语，应用that或者which引导。故填that或者which。
40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年世界土壤日及其主题为“土壤:粮食之源”的活动旨在通过应对土壤管理方面日益严峻的挑战、提高土壤意识和鼓励社会改善土壤健康，提高人们对维护生态系统和人类福祉重要性的认识。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”。故填to raise。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年世界土壤日及其主题为“土壤:粮食之源”的活动旨在通过应对土壤管理方面日益严峻的挑战、提高土壤意识和鼓励社会改善土壤健康，提高人们对维护生态系统和人类福祉重要性的认识。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，所以用动名词形式。故填addressing。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：它被认为是全球范围内粮食安全和可持续性的最关键问题之一。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，根据句意，此处应用it代指前文提到的“Soil nutrient loss”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：到2050年，农业生产必须增加60%才能满足全球粮食需求，而通过可持续土壤管理，粮食产量可增加58%。分析句子结构可知，“Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% to meet the global food demand in 2050”和“up to 58% more food could be produced through sustainable soil management”是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们的生命依赖于土壤，土壤是矿物质和有机物与空气、水和微生物结合的混合物。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语：depend on或者depend upon意为“依赖”。故填on或者upon。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有健康的土壤，地球上的每一个生物都处于危险之中。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，health的形容词形式是healthy。故填healthy。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，为助力郴州旅发会(Chenzhou Tourism Exposition)，你校成立了网上旅游俱乐部(Online Travel Club)，请给外教 Caroline写一封邮件邀请她加入。内容包括：
1. 俱乐部的主题；2. 俱乐部的活动；3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Caroline,
I’m glad to tell you that our school has founded Online Travel Club to help support the upcoming Chenzhou Tourism Exposition. I’d like to invite you to join it.
The theme of the club is to explore Chenzhou’s unique culture and natural landscape. Activities will be held online, which is convenient for us all. We’ll discuss various travelling topics to broaden our vision and add to our knowledge. Besides, every club member has the responsibility to recommend well-known tourist attractions to others. In this way, we’ll have rich sightseeing resources and more choices when travelling. What’s more, the club is also a good place to share our travelling experience with each other. We would be honored if you could join us.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生写一封邮件邀请外教 Caroline加入网上旅游俱乐部(Online Travel Club)。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴：glad→delighted
建立：found→establish
各种各样：various→a variety of
另外：besides→furthermore
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We’ll discuss various travelling topics to broaden our vision and add to our knowledge.
拓展句：We’ll discuss various traveling topics that will broaden our vision and add to our knowledge.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m glad to tell you that our school has founded Online Travel Club to help support the upcoming Chenzhou Tourism Exposition.(运用that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Activities will be held online, which is convenient for us all.(运用which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On the plains of northwest Oklahoma, you can see for miles: nothing but grass, masses of evergreen trees and steep red-rock canyons(峡谷). But with my telescope, I could see the helicopters, one after another clearly, dumping water on a wildfire in the far distance. I wasn’t concerned by the small cloud of smoke snaking skyward. It had to be at least 50 miles away, even across the South Canadian River.
That afternoon, my uncle Larry, my cousin Tony and I had driven to this 4, 000-acre farm for a three-day hunt. I took a few pictures of bushy trees and grand canyons. Then I sent some of them with my cellphone to my wife, Ande, who was 60 miles away. “There’s nothing to worry about. Just have a nice day.” I typed. She had seen the fire on the news and called a few minutes earlier to warn me. Anyway, I didn’t want her to be worried.
The wind had picked up, blowing hard from the southwest. We climbed into the vehicle, with Larry driving, to look for places to hunt the turkeys the next day. We headed north along a small road and stopped here and there to look for signs of turkeys.
We drove for about a mile before Larry turned to head back south, toward the farmhouse. As we did, my eyes went wide. A wall of flames was racing toward us, maybe three quarters of a mile away. “Get us out of here!” I screamed. Larry speeded up the vehicle, bouncing hard along the small road. How had the fire jumped over the river? The flames would be on us in no time. With a fence blocking the way, we jumped out of the vehicle. Then I made a phone call to Ande. “We’re surrounded by fire,” I shouted over the howling wind. “Call 911! We need a helicopter to get us out of here.” The connection went dead.
Paragraph 1:
I looked around, but I couldn’t see Larry and Tony.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I found myself in a helicopter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I looked around, but I couldn’t see Larry and Tony. The smoke was so thick that I couldn’t see more than a few feet around me. I yelled for the other guys. All I could hear were the trees exploding. It was terrifying. I reached in my pocket for the cellphone again. However, it was gone. I must have dropped it somewhere. That phone was my only connection with the outside world. But there was no time to look further. Smoke filled my lungs and I fell to the ground.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I found myself in a helicopter. “He’s alive!” somebody shouted. One rescuer held a phone to my ear. “Everything’s going to be okay,” Ande said in a gentle tone. “I love you.” The rescuers explained that Ande had called them for help. They added that Larry and Tony were safe, too. The helicopter took us to the nearest hospital. As the helicopter lifted off, I took one last look at the burnt trees. But in the blackness I saw the hope, the promise of new growth.
【解析】
【导语】本文以山火为线索，讲述了作者和叔叔还有侄子去森林里打猎，妻子打电话来告知作者山火的消息，作者却不以为然，结果真遇上了山火，打电话向妻子求救，最后在救援人员的帮助下，最终获救的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我向四周看去，去找不到Larry和Tony”可知，本段可以写山火袭来的情况，作者想要求助，却找不到手机，最后昏了过去。
②由第二段首句内容“当我醒来的时候，我发现自己在直升飞机里”可知，本段可以写作者最终获救的情况。
2.续写线索：找不到Larry和Tony→山火袭来→找不打手机→晕了过去→醒来时，已获救→得知获救的原因→在烧毁的森林里看到了希望。
3.词类激活：
行为类：
喊：yell/shout loudly
看：take a look at/catch a glimpse of
解释：explain/make clear
情绪类：
令人害怕的：terrifying/frightening/scary
温柔的：gentle/soft/tender
【点睛】【高分句型1】
All I could hear were the trees exploding.(运用了省略了关系代词that的定语从句修饰先行词All以及现在分词exploding作后置定语 )
【高分句型2】
As the helicopter lifted off, I took one last look at the burnt trees.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BCABA 6- 10 ABBCC 11- 15 CACBA 16-20 ABCCA
郴州市2023年上学期期末教学质量监测试卷
高二英语(试题卷)
注意事项：
1. 本试题卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分, 共12页。时量120分钟, 满分150分。
2. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上, 并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。
3. 考生作答时, 选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上, 在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。
4. 考试结束后, 将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例 ：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A In a bank. B. In a post office. C. In a restaurant.
2. What time is it now?
A. 8:15. B. 8:20. C. 8:25.
3. What does the man probably think of the party?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s crowded. C. It’s interesting.
4. What will the man do on Saturday?
A. Watch a movie. B. Prepare his math lesson. C. Take a math exam.
5. Why is the woman using two computers?
A. She wants to be more efficient.
B. She is learning about Bill Gates.
C. She thinks it is more comfortable.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅 读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. How many people are coming for dinner?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
7. Where will they sit?
A. By the window. B. At the gate. C. In the middle.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. Why does Tim want to do some sports?
A. To lose weight. B. To keep fit. C. To keep young.
9. What sport does Tim want to try?
A. Playing basketball. B. Running. C. Swimming.
10. Who is likely to go to the gym with Tim?
A. Diana. B. Daniel. C. Susan.
听第8段材料, 回答第11 至13题。
11. What do we know about the Pine Room?
A. It will be used by others.
B. It is under decoration.
C. It isn’t big enough for the party.
12. Why did the man suggest the White Room?
A. It was newly decorated.
B. It was available at 10:00 a. m.
C. It had many used books.
13. What will the man do next Friday night?
A. Make a speech. B. Take part in a party. C. Prepare for a speech.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。
14. Who is Jason?
A. The guide of the trip.
B. The woman’s husband.
C. The woman’s friend in Bali.
15. What may interest the woman most on the island of Bali?
A. Good restaurants and shops.
B. Nice hotels and water sports.
C. The weather and the sea view.
16. What does the man need to make a reservation?
A. The woman’s ID card.
B. The woman’s credit card.
C. The woman’s passport.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Why did the speaker post an ad in the newspaper?
A. To look for a job.
B. To look for a new roommate.
C. To look for an apartment.
18. How did Andrew get in touch with the speaker?
A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phone.
19. What can be found in the apartment?
A. A study. B. A dining room. C. A kitchen.
20. What will Andrew do next?
A. Move into the apartment. B. See another apartment. C. Talk to strange people.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What do you do when you have a few minutes to spare? There are thousands of puzzles to choose from that can be worked on at your convenience. They all have something in common: they test your skills or knowledge. Here are four of the most common.
Word puzzles
One of the most popular word puzzles — the crossword — has been around for nearly 110 years. Crosswords can be done with paper and pencil or online. Sometimes word puzzles involve finding new words within a large group of letters. This type of word puzzle is called a word search. Word puzzles usually test your vocabulary. Knowing the language that the game is designed in is required for success, however.
Math puzzles
Math puzzles involve numbers, words or objects and the use of math. Surprisingly, the ever-popular Candy Crush is classified as a math puzzle. Math skills are required for players to successfully move and match colored candies.
Mechanical puzzles
Mechanical puzzles have pieces that must be arranged in some way. The world’s best-selling puzzle, the Rubik’s Cube, is a mechanical puzzle. As of 2020, over 450 million Rubik’s Cubes had been sold. Jigsaw puzzles also fall into the category of mechanical puzzles. They typically involve putting pieces in the right place to form a picture. Jigsaw puzzles have from two to over 550, 000 pieces — the largest one on record.
Logic puzzles
Figuring out the solution to a logic puzzle requires careful thought rather than guessing. Sudoku and Mine Finder are examples of logic puzzles. In Mine Finder players must determine where the mines are hidden in a grid.
1. Which puzzles contribute to word learning?
A. Word puzzles. B. Math puzzles.
C. Logic puzzles. D. Mechanical puzzles.
2. What do Rubik’s Cubes and Jigsaw puzzles share in common?
A. Both are best-selling puzzles.
B. Both have more than 550, 000 pieces.
C. Both have pieces that must be put in the right place.
D. Both test mechanical engineering skills or knowledge.
3. In which section of magazine can you probably read this passage?
A. Life skills. B. Pop culture. C. Technology. D. Games.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几种常见的拼图游戏。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sometimes word puzzles involve finding new words within a large group of letters. This type of word puzzle is called a word search. Word puzzles usually test your vocabulary. (有时字谜需要在一大堆字母中找到新单词。这种类型的字谜被称为单词搜索。字谜通常测试你的词汇量。)”可知，Word puzzles练习单词搜索，测试你的词汇量，所以有助于单词学习。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The world’s best-selling puzzle, the Rubik’s Cube, is a mechanical puzzle. (世界上最畅销的拼图，the Rubik’s Cube，是一个机械拼图。)”以及“Jigsaw puzzles also fall into the category of mechanical puzzles. They typically involve putting pieces in the right place to form a picture. (Jigsaw puzzles也属于机械拼图的范畴。它们通常需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。)”可知，the Rubik’s Cube和Jigsaw puzzles的共同点是都需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中“There are thousands of puzzles to choose from that can be worked on at your convenience. (有成千上万的拼图游戏可供选择，在你方便的时候。)”可知，本文主要介绍几种常见的拼图游戏，所以最可能摘自杂志的游戏部分。故选D。
B
Gregory Burns, an well-known artist and speaker, has run a marathon, climbed both Mount Kinabalu and Jade Mountain, and much more. He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.
When Burns was a year old, he was diagnosed with polio, and he lost the use of his legs. In 1962, his doctor said, “The best thing for a kid with polio would be to swim in a warm-water pool. ” So, arrangements were made for the boy to practice swimming. In the water, he felt a freedom that he didn’t experience anywhere else. In 1977, Burns discovered the Paralympic Games. He spent the next 27 years in international swimming competitions, some of which resulted in five world records.
In 1984, Burns moved to Taiwan Province where he studied Chinese art. From 1989 to 1990, he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom. Over the years, Burns had many interesting jobs. But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled. He went back to school and completed a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in 1999. Then, working as a full-time artist, Burns uses his art to inspire people of all ages. He has a special interest in disadvantaged children. He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals.
Today Burns is recognized as a world-class athlete, a motivational speaker and a notable artist. He has always aspired to excellence and encourages others to do the same.
He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them
4. Which statement is true about Gregory Burns according to the text?
A. He is a famous climber.
B. He is a man of great achievements.
C. He lost his legs when he was a child.
D. He practiced swimming for 27 years.
5. According to paragraph 3, what made Burns feel really fulfilled in his life?
A. That he studied art again and worked as an artist.
B. That he worked as a teacher at Studio Classroom.
C. That he helped and inspired some disabled children.
D. That he moved to Taiwan Province to study Chinese art.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Burns?
A. Determined. B. Ambitious. C. Intelligent. D. Creative.
7. What can we learn from Gregory Burns?
A. A person’s attitude determines his height.
B Failure is just not enough for your efforts.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. The world will give way to those who have goals.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了身残志坚的Gregory Burns的励志故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child.(尽管他小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但在他的一生中，他取得了很多成就。)”可知，Gregory Burns是一个取得很多成就的人，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled.(但是直到他转向到艺术，他才真正地感到满足。)”可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He employs art classes and other methods to help them to look within and make the most of the skills they do have and not to let the disabilities stand in their way when achieving their goals. (他用艺术课程和其他方式来帮助他们看到并充分发挥自己的技能，这样的话他们就不会让残疾阻挡了他们追求梦想的脚步。)”可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人，由此可推断出是一个有决心的，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He suggests everyone should “embrace and celebrate those things that challenge” them.(他建议，每个人都应该面对并庆祝那些生活中遇到的挑战。)”可知，从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你是残疾，这都不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步，故“世界会给那些有目标的人让路”是我们可以从Burns身上学到的，故选D。
C
It happens all the time. You set something down and then for the life of you, you can’t remember where you left it. To assist absent-minded people, Apple came out with a handy device last year called an AirTag.
This small circular tag can be attached to your keys, your wallet or just about anything. The tag can then be tracked using Bluetooth in the Find My app. In the app, the AirTag displays its location on a map. If you have misplaced something in your house with an AirTag attached, the tag’s built-in speakers will play a sound. Follow the sound to locate it. You can also set up a separation alert in the Find My app. Using that, you can make sure your phone is always with you or you don’t leave your keys or wallet behind. You can track multiple items, too.
As is true of many technologies, this one too, can be used for good or evil. Its purpose is to help you keep track of things — or people. Parents have put AirTags on their children’s cars to track their whereabouts. However, people are posting on social media about finding unknown AirTags on their ears or among their belongings. It’s scary to know someone is tracking you, and you don’t know who it is. Because of stories like these, concern is growing that AirTags are making a new kind of stalking or stealing possible. Police in Canada have investigated cases in which car thieves put AirTags on high-end vehicles. The thieves then found the cars later and stole them.
Apple is fighting back. If an AirTag that is not registered to you starts moving with you, you will be notified. An alert will appear on your iPhone when you get home. If you find a foreign AirTag among your belongings, you can easily disable it by taking out the battery.
AirTags can be extremely helpful, but perhaps they should be used with care as well.
8. Who are the Airtags probably designed for?
A. People who easily get lost.
B. People who tend to forget things.
C. People who are often absent from work.
D. People who are interested in handy devices.
9. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. Why people use Airtags. B. How Airtags can be used.
C. The advantages of Airtags. D. The applications of Airtags.
10. What does the underlined word “stalking” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Tracking. B. Driving. C. Robbing. D. Cheating.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude towards AirTags?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AirTag这个便携设备如何使用以及使用它的利与弊。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It happens all the time. You set something down and then for the life of you, you can’t remember where you left it. To assist absent-minded people, Apple came out with a handy device last year called an AirTag.(这种事经常发生。你把东西放下，然后你怎么也想不起来放在哪里了。为了帮助那些心不在焉的人，苹果公司去年推出了一款名为AirTag的便携设备。)”可知，Airtag是为那些容易忘记事情的人设计的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“This small circular tag can be attached to your keys, your wallet or just about anything. The tag can then be tracked using Bluetooth in the Find My app. In the app, the AirTag displays its location on a map. If you have misplaced something in your house with an AirTag attached, the tag’s built-in speakers will play a sound. Follow the sound to locate it. You can also set up a separation alert in the Find My app. Using that, you can make sure your phone is always with you or you don’t leave your keys or wallet behind. You can track multiple items, too.(这个小的圆形标签可以贴在你的钥匙、钱包或任何东西上。然后可以在“查找我的”应用程序中使用蓝牙来跟踪标签。在应用程序中，AirTag会在地图上显示它的位置。如果你在家里放错了装有AirTag的东西，标签的内置扬声器就会发出声音。跟着声音找到它。你也可以在“寻找我的”应用程序中设置分离提醒。使用这个功能，你可以确保你的手机一直在身边，或者你没有忘记带钥匙或钱包。您也可以跟踪多个项目。)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何使用AirTag。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“It’s scary to know someone is tracking you, and you don’t know who it is.(知道有人在跟踪你，而你不知道是谁，这很可怕。)”说明AirTag可以跟踪使用物品的人，从而推知划线词句“Because of stories like these, concern is growing that AirTags are making a new kind of stalking or stealing possible.(由于这样的故事，人们越来越担心AirTag正在使一种新型的stalking或盗窃成为可能。)”其中划线词应为“跟踪”的意思。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“AirTags can be extremely helpful, but perhaps they should be used with care as well.(AirTags可能非常有用，但也许也应该小心使用。)”可知，作者对AirTags持谨慎的态度。故选C项。
D
As temperatures soar, electric bills often go through the roof. That’s because people tend to turn on their air conditioners during the long, hot summer months.
It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed. Certain building materials can feel cooler because of their ability to absorb heat and release it slowly. Other buildings use water cooling systems to cool them. However, these aren’t the only methods. Science has a few more tricks up its sleeve.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed the world’s whitest paint. This paint can keep a building’s exterior surface cooler than the surrounding temperature. On hot days, walls absorb heat and often become 10 to 20 degrees Celsius hotter than the air around them. But walls painted with Purdue’s white paint reflect 98.1 percent of the heat and send it back into space. This creates a cooling effect.
Purdue professor Xiulin Ruan believes that the super-white paint could have a more powerful cooling effect than many home air conditioners. Researchers hope to have the paint on the market in five to 10 years.
Yi Zheng of Northeastern University has created a “cooling paper”. This material reflects the sun’s rays while pulling heat out of a building’s interior, and the paper can be recycled. He and his team discovered that the paper helps bring down a room’s temperature by about 6 degrees Celsius. Zheng hopes that the cooling paper will someday be used on roofs and within building materials.
Now and in the future, perhaps some of these energy-efficient methods will make it easier to beat the heat.
12. Why does the author mention the air conditioners at the beginning of the passage?
A. To describe a fact. B. To support an idea.
C. To provide examples. D. To introduce the topic.
13. What do we know about Purdue’s white paint?
A. It has been on the market.
B. It is the world’s coolest paint.
C. Walls painted with it reflect most of the heat.
D. It can keep the whole building’s surface cooler.
14. What can we infer according to Yi Zheng?
A. The surface of a buildings is better covered with paper.
B. Buildings will be built mostly with cooling paper someday.
C. The cooling paper will be practical and eco-friendly building materials.
D. The cooling paper can bring down a room’s temperature more than air conditioners.
15. Which of the following would be the best title?
A. Purdue’s White Paint: A New Material to Cool Buildings
B. Cool Buildings: Innovative Ways to Keep Buildings Cool
C. Cool Building Materials: Solutions to Fight against Climate Change
D. Future Air Conditioners: New Energy-efficient Methods to Beat the Heat
【答案】12 D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“As temperatures soar, electric bills often go through the roof. That’s because people tend to turn on their air conditioners during the long, hot summer months.(随着气温的飙升，电费经常飞涨。这是因为在漫长而炎热的夏季，人们往往会打开空调)”以及第二段“It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed.(据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中)”后文则是具体介绍了几种方法，所以作者在文章开头提到空调是为了介绍主题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers at Purdue University have developed the world’s whitest paint. This paint can keep a building’s exterior surface cooler than the surrounding temperature. On hot days, walls absorb heat and often become 10 to 20 degrees Celsius hotter than the air around them. But walls painted with Purdue’s white paint reflect 98.1 percent of the heat and send it back into space.(普渡大学的研究人员开发出了世界上最白的油漆。这种涂料可以使建筑物的外表面温度低于周围的温度。在炎热的天气里，墙壁会吸收热量，通常会比周围的空气温度高10到20摄氏度。但是，用普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，并将其送回了太空)”可知，普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，即能反射大部分的热量。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Yi Zheng of Northeastern University has created a “cooling paper”. This material reflects the sun’s rays while pulling heat out of a building’s interior, and the paper can be recycled. He and his team discovered that the paper helps bring down a room’s temperature by about 6 degrees Celsius. Zheng hopes that the cooling paper will someday be used on roofs and within building materials.(东北大学的Yi Zheng发明了一种“冷却纸”。这种材料可以反射太阳光线，同时从建筑物内部吸收热量，而且这种纸可以回收利用。他和他的团队发现，这种纸有助于将房间温度降低约6摄氏度。郑希望这种冷却纸有一天能被用于屋顶和建筑材料)”可知，这种“冷却纸”不但能降温还能回收利用，所以是实用且环保的建筑材料。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It’s been predicted that by 2050 about 75 percent of the world’s homes could have air conditioners. If that’s true, the energy required to cool buildings will double. For that reason, researchers continue to look for solutions to keep air-conditioner usage to a minimum. Some innovations are being used already or are in the process of being developed.(据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中)”以及后文是具体介绍了几种方法，所以本文主要介绍了保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法，所以B项“Cool Buildings: Innovative Ways to Keep Buildings Cool(凉爽的建筑物：保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re determined to rise with the sun — or simply catch more of the morning — know that transitioning to a new schedule requires time and effort. Sleep experts suggest these strategies:
Seek out as much natural light as possible
____16____, Martin stresses. That’s because light suppresses (抑制) melatonin(褪黑素), a hormone that plays an important role in circadian rhythm. “The sun is the driver of our internal clock,” she says. “I want the light coming in and helping them wake up.”
____17____
For some people — like those who need to drive long distances — those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe. In that case, Martin recommends gradually easing into the early-bird life. “What I’ll suggest to people is to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour,” she says. “That’s a little easier for people to tolerate.”
Be consistent — even on weekends
Becoming a morning person is a seven-day-a-week job. Decide what time you’re going to wake up every day, and stick to it, without exception. “If someone says, ‘I want to be more of a morning person during the week, but I want to sleep in on the weekends,’ ____18____.” Gehrman says.
Wind down in the evenings
A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, Gehrman says, ____19____. Most people should aim for at least seven hours a night — so you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule.
At last, if you want to ensure you fall asleep quickly,____20____. A 300-microgram dose (剂量) about three to four hours before you plan to go to bed will help you start to feel sleepy, she says.
A. Ease in gradually
B. Do not give up easily
C. you should think twice
D. that’s not going to work
E. Blair suggests trying small amounts of melatonin
F. but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep
G. The secret to becoming a morning person is exposure to bright light
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了睡眠专家给出的有关睡眠健康的建议。
【16题详解】
上文标题“Seek out as much natural light as possible(尽可能多地寻找自然光)”建议寻找自然光，选项G“成为一个早起的人的秘诀是暴露在明亮的光线下”承接标题，建议暴露在明亮的自然光下。故选G项。
【17题详解】
结合其他小标题可知，此处应用祈使句，只有A和B选项可选。下文“In that case, Martin recommends gradually easing into the early-bird life. (在这种情况下，Martin建议逐渐适应早起的生活)”等内容可知，建议逐渐进入这种早起的生活模式，选项A“逐渐进入”符合本段主题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
本段小标题“Be consistent — even on weekends(保持一致——即使是在周末)”建议要持之以恒，周末也要坚持，上文“If someone says, ‘I want to be more of a morning person during the week, but I want to sleep in on the weekends,’(如果有人说，‘我想在工作日多做一个早起的人，但我想在周末睡懒觉’，)”提到有人不想在周末坚持下去，由此推知，空处陈述这种做法的影响或后果，选项D“这是行不通的”承接上文，说明那是行不通的。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, Gehrman says, (Gehrman说，固定的就寝时间并不像每天坚持相同的起床时间那么重要，)”谈论的是就寝时间，选项F“但确保充足的睡眠仍然很重要”承接上文，和上文谈论同一主题，之间是转折关系。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“A 300-microgram dose (剂量) about three to four hours before you plan to go to bed will help you start to feel sleepy, she says. (她说，睡前三到四个小时服用300微克，会帮助你开始感到困倦。)”具体说明服用一定的药物会有帮助，选项E“Blair建议尝试少量的褪黑素”建议尝试药物，引出下文，语义一致。下文中she指选项中Blair，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Colorful ____21____ of various shapes and sizes filled the sky like beautiful birds. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a string kept them ____22____.
____23____ blowing away with the wind, the kites arose against it to fly higher. They shook and pulled, but the string ____24____ them facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, ”Let me go! Let me go! I want to be ____25____!“They soared beautifully even as they fought the restriction of the string. Finally, one of the kites ____26____ to break loose. “Free at last,” it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wind. ”
Yet freedom from being ____27____ simply put it at the mercy of an unfriendly breeze. It fell ____28____ to the ground and landed in a mass of weeds.
How much like ____29____ we sometimes are. The heaven gives us rules to ____30____. We can grow and gain ____31____ from them. Some of us go against the rules so ____32____ that we never succeeded reaching the heights. We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.
Let us each try our best to reach the ____33____. We should recognize some of the rules that we may be ____34____ at are actually a steady force. It helps us achieve a higher ____35____.
21. A. creations B. ideas C. memories D. discoveries
22. A. attended B. cycled C. contributed D. controlled
23. A. Rather than B. Due to C. Apart from D. As for
24. A. found B. left C. stopped D. interrupted
25. A. fortunate B. comfortable C. independent D. safe
26. A. failed B. managed C. arranged D. recorded
27. A. signed up B. calmed down C. turned down D. tied up
28. A. helplessly B. doubtfully C. tirelessly D. patiently
29. A. weeds B. rules C. kites D. wind
30. A. drive B. change C. keep D. work
31. A. strength B. relief C. pride D. excitement
32. A. right B. straight C. firmly D. deep
33. A. adventure B. performance C. conflict D. destination
34. A. worried B. annoyed C. surprised D. disappointed
35. A. duty B. speed C. signal D. goal
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者看到风筝后得到的关于自由的感悟。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：各种形状和大小的彩色作品像美丽的鸟儿一样布满了天空。A. creations创意；作品；B. ideas想法；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。后文提到“various shapes and sizes filled the sky like beautiful birds.”（形状大小各异像美丽的小鸟一样）由此判断，作者看到的风筝都是非常美丽的作品。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当强风吹向风筝时，一根绳子控制着它们。A. attended出席；参加；B. cycled循环；C. contributed捐赠；贡献；D. controlled控制。前文提到“One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites.”（在一个有风的春日，我看到一群年轻人乘着风放风筝，玩得很开心。）由此判断，风筝飞上天时都需要风筝线控制。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：风筝不是被风吹走，而是逆风而起，飞得更高。A. Rather than而不是；B. Due to由于；C. Apart from除.....之外；D. As for至于。后文提到“the kites arose against it to fly higher.”（而是逆风而起，飞得更高）由此判断，前后文提到的情况相反，因此可使用固定短语rather than（而不是）表示在两个选择中作出相反的选择。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们摇晃着，拉着，但绳子让他们面朝上，逆风而行。A. found发现；B. left让......处于某种状态；C. stopped阻止；D. interrupted打断。根据放风筝的常识可知，拉扯风筝线让风筝逆风而上才能飞得更高。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当风筝在线上挣扎和颤抖时，它们似乎在说:“放开我!放开我!我要独立!”A. fortunate幸运的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. independent独立的；D. safe安全的。前文提到“Let me go! Let me go!”（放开我！放开我！）说明作者觉得此时的风筝好像要挣扎着要脱离风筝线的控制，想要独立。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，一只风筝挣脱了。A. failed失败；B. managed设法；C. arranged安排；D. recorded记录。后文提到“Free at last, “ it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wind. ””（“终于自由了，”它似乎在说。“随风自由飞翔。”）由此判断，这只风筝是成功挣脱了风筝线的束缚。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：然而，不被束缚的自由只是让它任由不友好的微风摆布。A. signed up注册；B. calmed down冷静；C. turned down拒绝；D. tied up捆绑。风筝是被风筝线绑住的才能飞的更高，因此是被“束缚住的自由”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它无助地掉在地上，落在一堆杂草中。A. helplessly无助地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. patiently有毅力地。后文提到“landed in a mass of weeds”（落在一堆杂草中），风筝失去了风筝线的控制，只能无助地躺在杂草堆里。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有时多么像风筝啊。A. weeds杂草；B. rules规矩；C. kites风筝；D. wind风。后文提到“We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们遵守规则，从不飞得足够高，让我们的尾巴离开地面。）由此判断，作者看到天上的风筝后联想到人与风筝的相似之处。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上天给了我们要遵守的规则。A. drive驱使；B. change改变；C. keep保持；遵守；D. work工作。前文提到“The heaven gives us rules”（上天给了我们规则），且后文提到“Some of us go against the rules”（我们中的一些人违反规则）由此判断，上天给我们规则是要遵守的，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以从中成长和获得力量。A. strength力量；B. relief 宽慰；C. pride骄傲；D. excitement兴奋。前文提到“We can grow”（我们会从中成长）由此判断，在成长的路上会吸取能量。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们中的一些人如此坚决地违反规则，以至于我们从未成功地到达高处。A. right恰当的；B. straight坦诚的；C. firmly坚决地；D. deep深厚的。后文提到“we never succeeded reaching the heights.”（我们从未成功地到达高处。）且根据前文中“It fell helplessly to the ground and landed in a mass of weeds.”（它无助地掉在地上，落在一堆杂草中。）违反规则就好像是挣脱掉风筝线的风筝一样掉在杂草中，因此再也无法飞到自己想要到达的高度。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们每个人尽最大努力到达目的地。A. adventure冒险；B. performance表现；C. conflict冲突；D. destination目的地。前文提到“Some of us go against the rules so firmly that we never succeeded reaching the heights. We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们中的一些人如此坚决地违反规则，以至于我们从未成功地到达高处。我们遵守部分规则，从不飞得足够高，尾巴离开地面。）有些人不遵守规则，因此掉落在地上，而遵守规则的人又不能飞得足够高。因此要尽自己最大的努力，达到自己想要达到的高度，即“目的地”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们应该认识到，有些令我们生气的规则实际上是一种稳定的力量。A. worried焦虑的；B. annoyed生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. disappointed失望的。前文提到“As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, ”Let me go! Let me go! ”（当风筝在线上挣扎和颤抖时，它们似乎在说:“放开我!放开我!”）由此判断，作者看到被风吹的颤抖的风筝时，觉得风筝线是阻碍风筝自由的阻力，作者认为上天给我们的规则就好像是风筝线一样，这些风筝线的阻碍有时会让人觉得生气和烦恼，但却是让风筝能够越飞越高的原因。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我们实现更高的目标。A. duty任务；B. speed速度；C. signal信号；D. goal目标。前文提到“We keep part of the rules and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.”（我们遵守部分规则，从不飞得足够高，尾巴离开地面。）作者认为，我们应该借着风筝线的力量成为让自己稳定上升的力量，从而达到更高的高度。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
World Soil Day ____36____ (hold) every year on 5 December as a means to focus attention on the importance of soil health and to advocate for the sustainable management of soil resources. The UN General Assembly declared ____37____ first World Soil Day in 2014.
As we all know, the ____38____ (result) of climate change are increasingly unpredictable. Knowing the land, therefore, becomes essential in order to prevent damage ____39____ can do harm to soil health.
World Soil Day 2022 and its campaign, “Soils: Where food begins”, aims ____40____ (raise) awareness of the importance of maintaining ecosystems and human well-being by ____41____ (address) the growing challenges in soil management, increasing soil awareness and encouraging societies to improve soil health.
Soil nutrient loss is a major soil degradation (退化) process threatening nutrition. ____42____ is recognized as being among the most critical problems at a global level for food security and sustainability all around the globe. Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% to meet the global food demand in 2050 ____43____ up to 58% more food could be produced through sustainable soil management.
Our lives depend ____44____ soils-the mix of mineral and organic matter combined with air, water, and microbes. Without ____45____ (health) soils, every living creature on Earth is at risk.
【答案】36. is held
37. the 38. results
39. which##that
40. to raise
41. addressing
42. It 43. and
44. on##upon
45. healthy
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了世界土壤日以及它的目的和意义。
【36题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：每年的12月5日为世界土壤日，旨在使人们关注土壤健康的重要性，并倡导对土壤资源进行可持续管理。分析句子结构可知，hold作本句谓语，主语是World Soil Day两者是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语every year可知，用一般现在时。故填is held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2014年，联合国大会宣布设立首个世界土壤日。分析句子结构可知，空后是序数词，表示“第一”之意，前应用the。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：众所周知，气候变化的后果越来越难以预测。分析句子结构可知，空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，result意为“结果”，为可数名词，根据后文的are可知用复数形式。故填results。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，为了防止可能对土壤健康造成损害的破坏，了解土地变得至关重要。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是damage，在从句中作主语，应用that或者which引导。故填that或者which。
40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年世界土壤日及其主题为“土壤:粮食之源”的活动旨在通过应对土壤管理方面日益严峻的挑战、提高土壤意识和鼓励社会改善土壤健康，提高人们对维护生态系统和人类福祉重要性的认识。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：aim to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”。故填to raise。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年世界土壤日及其主题为“土壤:粮食之源”的活动旨在通过应对土壤管理方面日益严峻的挑战、提高土壤意识和鼓励社会改善土壤健康，提高人们对维护生态系统和人类福祉重要性的认识。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，所以用动名词形式。故填addressing。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：它被认为是全球范围内粮食安全和可持续性的最关键问题之一。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，根据句意，此处应用it代指前文提到的“Soil nutrient loss”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：到2050年，农业生产必须增加60%才能满足全球粮食需求，而通过可持续土壤管理，粮食产量可增加58%。分析句子结构可知，“Agricultural production will have to increase by 60% to meet the global food demand in 2050”和“up to 58% more food could be produced through sustainable soil management”是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们的生命依赖于土壤，土壤是矿物质和有机物与空气、水和微生物结合的混合物。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语：depend on或者depend upon意为“依赖”。故填on或者upon。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有健康的土壤，地球上的每一个生物都处于危险之中。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，health的形容词形式是healthy。故填healthy。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，为助力郴州旅发会(Chenzhou Tourism Exposition)，你校成立了网上旅游俱乐部(Online Travel Club)，请给外教 Caroline写一封邮件邀请她加入。内容包括：
1. 俱乐部的主题；2. 俱乐部的活动；3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Caroline,
I’m glad to tell you that our school has founded Online Travel Club to help support the upcoming Chenzhou Tourism Exposition. I’d like to invite you to join it.
The theme of the club is to explore Chenzhou’s unique culture and natural landscape. Activities will be held online, which is convenient for us all. We’ll discuss various travelling topics to broaden our vision and add to our knowledge. Besides, every club member has the responsibility to recommend well-known tourist attractions to others. In this way, we’ll have rich sightseeing resources and more choices when travelling. What’s more, the club is also a good place to share our travelling experience with each other. We would be honored if you could join us.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生写一封邮件邀请外教 Caroline加入网上旅游俱乐部(Online Travel Club)。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴：glad→delighted
建立：found→establish
各种各样：various→a variety of
另外：besides→furthermore
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We’ll discuss various travelling topics to broaden our vision and add to our knowledge.
拓展句：We’ll discuss various traveling topics that will broaden our vision and add to our knowledge.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m glad to tell you that our school has founded Online Travel Club to help support the upcoming Chenzhou Tourism Exposition.(运用that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Activities will be held online, which is convenient for us all.(运用which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
On the plains of northwest Oklahoma, you can see for miles: nothing but grass, masses of evergreen trees and steep red-rock canyons(峡谷). But with my telescope, I could see the helicopters, one after another clearly, dumping water on a wildfire in the far distance. I wasn’t concerned by the small cloud of smoke snaking skyward. It had to be at least 50 miles away, even across the South Canadian River.
That afternoon, my uncle Larry, my cousin Tony and I had driven to this 4, 000-acre farm for a three-day hunt. I took a few pictures of bushy trees and grand canyons. Then I sent some of them with my cellphone to my wife, Ande, who was 60 miles away. “There’s nothing to worry about. Just have a nice day.” I typed. She had seen the fire on the news and called a few minutes earlier to warn me. Anyway, I didn’t want her to be worried.
The wind had picked up, blowing hard from the southwest. We climbed into the vehicle, with Larry driving, to look for places to hunt the turkeys the next day. We headed north along a small road and stopped here and there to look for signs of turkeys.
We drove for about a mile before Larry turned to head back south, toward the farmhouse. As we did, my eyes went wide. A wall of flames was racing toward us, maybe three quarters of a mile away. “Get us out of here!” I screamed. Larry speeded up the vehicle, bouncing hard along the small road. How had the fire jumped over the river? The flames would be on us in no time. With a fence blocking the way, we jumped out of the vehicle. Then I made a phone call to Ande. “We’re surrounded by fire,” I shouted over the howling wind. “Call 911! We need a helicopter to get us out of here.” The connection went dead.
Paragraph 1:
I looked around, but I couldn’t see Larry and Tony.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I found myself in a helicopter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I looked around, but I couldn’t see Larry and Tony. The smoke was so thick that I couldn’t see more than a few feet around me. I yelled for the other guys. All I could hear were the trees exploding. It was terrifying. I reached in my pocket for the cellphone again. However, it was gone. I must have dropped it somewhere. That phone was my only connection with the outside world. But there was no time to look further. Smoke filled my lungs and I fell to the ground.
Paragraph 2:
When I woke up, I found myself in a helicopter. “He’s alive!” somebody shouted. One rescuer held a phone to my ear. “Everything’s going to be okay,” Ande said in a gentle tone. “I love you.” The rescuers explained that Ande had called them for help. They added that Larry and Tony were safe, too. The helicopter took us to the nearest hospital. As the helicopter lifted off, I took one last look at the burnt trees. But in the blackness I saw the hope, the promise of new growth.
【解析】
【导语】本文以山火为线索，讲述了作者和叔叔还有侄子去森林里打猎，妻子打电话来告知作者山火的消息，作者却不以为然，结果真遇上了山火，打电话向妻子求救，最后在救援人员的帮助下，最终获救的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我向四周看去，去找不到Larry和Tony”可知，本段可以写山火袭来的情况，作者想要求助，却找不到手机，最后昏了过去。
②由第二段首句内容“当我醒来的时候，我发现自己在直升飞机里”可知，本段可以写作者最终获救的情况。
2.续写线索：找不到Larry和Tony→山火袭来→找不打手机→晕了过去→醒来时，已获救→得知获救的原因→在烧毁的森林里看到了希望。
3.词类激活：
行为类：
喊：yell/shout loudly
看：take a look at/catch a glimpse of
解释：explain/make clear
情绪类：
令人害怕的：terrifying/frightening/scary
温柔的：gentle/soft/tender
【点睛】【高分句型1】
All I could hear were the trees exploding.(运用了省略了关系代词that的定语从句修饰先行词All以及现在分词exploding作后置定语 )
【高分句型2】
As the helicopter lifted off, I took one last look at the burnt trees.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BCABA 6- 10 ABBCC 11- 15 CACBA 16-20 ABCCA
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