人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement单元测试习题

选择性必修Book 1 Unit 1 People of Achievement

B卷·能力提升练

(时间：90分钟　满分：120分)

第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

(2019甘肃兰州一中高一下月考) Mother Teresa was a great woman,who did a lot to improve the social conditions of mankind.Due to her contribution to society,she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize at the age of 69.

She was brought up in a Catholic family.When she was only seven,she lost her father.Even as a child,she was interested in the life of missionaries(传教士).At the age of 18,she decided that she would become a nun.She left her home and went to join the Sisters of Loreto.It was the first step that she made towards providing services for mankind

On October 7th,1950,Mother Teresa received Vatican's permission to start the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta,the mission of which would be to take care of the needy,the homeless,and people who were shunned by society.Then it had a number of branches all over the country.The journey of Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity started with the creation of homes for“the Dying”'.

In 1983,Mother Teresa suffered from a serious heart attack while she was in Rome.However,she recovered.But,in late 1989,she got an attack again. Her condition went worse and in 1991,she suffered from pneumonia.Taking her health problems into consideration,Mother Teresa decided to resign.

A secret vote was conducted in which all the nuns voted for the stay of Mother Teresa except herself.So,she agreed to continue serving as the head of the Missionaries of Charity.Day by day her health was getting worse.On September 5th,1997, exactly the ninth day after her 87th birthday,this great soul departed for heaven.

1.Why did Mother Teresa devote her life to the religious life?

A.Because her parents had a deep influence on her.

B.Because she wanted to provide services for others.

C.Because she thought the life of missionaries was simple

D.Because she came to know the Sisters of Loreto.

2.Which of the following words can replace the underlined word“shunned”?

A.Cared.        B.Concerned            C.Ignored.           D.Affected.

3.Why did Mother Teresa decide to resign from her post?

A.She realized she couldn't fully serve the people in need.

B.She was only worried about her condition.

C.She wished to lead a more comfortable life.

D.She knew a heart attack would take her life away at any time.

B

(2020浙江杭州八校高一联考)Born in London in 1825,Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century In 1846,Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed an assistant doctor aboard HMS Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years,during which time he gathered much information on plankton(浮游生物).

On his return from the voyage,Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton,his interest was turning towards vertebrate(有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved(进化)，one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward,but in 1859 Darwin's The Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hypothesis we sought.

For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin's work.In 1863,Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes.He clearly showed similarities.

Despite his many achievements,he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870,Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting"type animals"is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.

4.Why did Huxley go on the voyage?

A.To explore the deep sea.                    B.To do research on sea animals.

C.To work as a doctor on the ship.              D.To gather information for his paper.

5.How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?

A.He had doubt about it.                B.He thought highly of it.

C.He couldn't understand it.             D.He thought he developed it first.

6.What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature?

A.It discusses the importance of human beings.

B.It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection.

C.It talks about the differences between man and apes.

D.It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.

7.What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?

A.He contributed a lot to biology teaching.      B.He continued his research till his death.

C.He became a good novelist late in his life.     D.He never got awards for his achievements.

C

2020江西赣州十四市县高一期中)What's the meaning of the“dark horse”?It's someone who wins when no one expects it.

Han Xiaopeng took China's first gold on snow. He became an Olympic"dark horse"by winning the gold medal in meni's freestyle skiing aerials(自由式滑雪空中技巧)at Turin in Italy.He made two almost perfect jumps for the highest score.Han had never won a world gold medal before,let alone in the Olympics！

“I never thought this would happen,”said Han Xiaopeng."I feel like I'm in a dream."It's China's second gold medal at the Turin Olympic Winter Games.But more important,Han's gold was the country's first ever in a snow sport.In 2002,China's YangYang won the gold for speed skating at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City,US.

That Han's win was unexpected doesn't mean that he didn't work hard.

Han grew up in Jiangsu Province.Before he started his training on snow,he used to be an acrobat (杂技演员)at a circus..nl995,a coach found his talent.The coach,Yang Er'qi,said Han had the agility(灵活性)and courage to be a ski jumper.When Yang first took the 12-year-old boy to northern China,he couldn't swim,skate or ski.But he wasn't afraid of the high platform and kept on training.

Han almost left the sport after hurting his knee months before the Salt Lake Games.In that Olympics he only got 24th."I was hopeless at that time,but my family and the coach stood firmly behind me, helping me through,"he recalled.

Han Xiaopeng worked so hard that he won the gold medal in the Olympics at last.Because of his success,more and more people in China are becoming interested in skiing.We are proud of him.

8.What does the“dark horse'”mean?

A.A horse which is dark.            B.Someone who is unexpected to win.

C.A horse which likes the dark       D.Someone whose win is expected.

9.Where did Han Xiaopeng take China's first gold on snow?

A.In China.      B.In Italy.       C.In America             D.In Australia.

10.What made the coach,Yang Er'qi,choose Han Xiaopeng to be a ski jumper?

A.He had enough courage though he was only 13 years old.

B.He was born in the south of China and liked sports on snow.

C.He had the agility and wasn't afraid of the high platform

D.He had the talent and he had won a world gold medal before.

11.What is the best title for this passage?

A.A Wonderful Match             B.A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics

C.A Hopeful Snow Game          D.An Exciting Skiing Race

D

(2020江西抚州临川二中高一上月考)The Nobel Prize in Literature,which has been awarded annually almost every year since 1901, netted(the winning author 747,000 pounds,a medal and a certificate,and the legal duty to deliver a lecture in Sweden at some future dates.The winner was selected,as usual,by the Swedish Academy,
which also picked a second laureate(获奖者)this year to make up for the fact that no prize was presented in20l8 because of a scandal(丑闻).

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2018 was awarded to the Polish author Olga Tokarczuk for"a narrative imagination that with encyclopedic(百科全书式的)passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life".She won last year's Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights.Her representative works include Drive Your Plow Over the Bones of the Dead and Primeval and Other Times.

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2019 was awarded to the Austrian author Peter Handke for"an
influential work that with linguistic ingenuity(语言的独创性)has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience".His representative works include A Sorrow Beyond Dreams and Slow Homecoming.

Before the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Literature winners,there were also two nominees(提名者)who have attracted much attention.Chinese people were keeping an eye on the nominee Can Xue. Can Xue,whose real name is Deng Xiaohua,was born in central China's Hunan Province in 1953.She had a tough childhood,working as a worker in a street factory for eight years.Her life experience has formed her own unique literary path.Can's books have been translated and published outside China.Frontier,published in the US in 2017,won attention and applause of the West.

The other hot guess was the Japanese writer Haruki Murakami whose books and stories had been
bestsellers in Japan as well as internationally,with his work being translated into 50 languages and selling millions of copies outside his native country.His work has received numerous awards.Internet users kept an eye on him in the Nobel Prize in Literature because he had become a hot guess for years.His representative works include Norwegian Wood,Kafka on the Shore and 1084.
12.Why are two writers awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature this year?
A.To fill the prize gap of 2018.              B.To attract more people's attention.
C.To inspire more outstanding writers.        D.To satisfy the development of literature.
13.What made Olga Tokarczuk win the Nobel Prize in Literature?
A.Her high popularity.                  B.Her language skills.
C.Her numerous works.                 D.Her writing style.
14.Which book can you choose if you are interested in Peter's style?
A.Flights.        B.Slow Homecoming.       C.Frontier.           D.Kafka on the Shore.
15.Why did the Internet users pay close attention to Haruki Murakami?
A.Because he had created hundreds of great novels.
B.Because he had received lots of awards all the time.
C.Because he had been supposed to win the prize for years.
D.Because he had been recognized as the most popular writer.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2019河北遵化高一) Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities,especially jogging.This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city,work in the office and want to keep healthy.   16        

1. Make good preparations before jogging.

17   There,you'll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportswear.Pay attention to
the selection of jogging shoes,if you don't want to suffer from the feeling of heaviness,pain and leg swelling after the run.With all these pieces of wisdom,your body will be truly grateful to you.
     2.Do fitting warm-up activities
     Every runner,especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without a proper
warm-up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles.It will probably lead to a final discomfort
in your body or even disease    18    Actually,it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body.
       3.   19    
      When running,you usually feel physical and mental pleasure. Sometimes this pleasure can be replaced by negative feelings or even some kind of pain.No matter how healthy you're,you should always pay attention to how your body reacts.If something is wrong during your jog or run,the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints Watchfulness can help you avoid all possible aftereffects of over exercise.
      Every type of sport is special and useful in its own way.While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort,it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction.So don't step back.  20   I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid some serious issues.
A.Listen to your body signals
B.Never give in to difficulties while jogging.
C.However,jogging without preparation will bring great harm.
D.One of the best ways to prepare is to go to specialized(专门的)shops.
E.Just go in for jogging,but remember to follow the above rules.
F.Therefore,you should make it a habit to warm up before jogging
G.Here are some basic rules to make jogging safe, useful and comfortable

第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2019北京海淀区高一下期中)Finding Home “I hate New Orleans！I wanna go home!”I   21   to my mother as we moved boxes.   22  going home was not easy because my home was1,100 miles away.

I was born and   23   in northern Virginia.Virginia was my home,and I never expected that to   24   .In 2014,my family experienced a tragedy，so my parents decided to move to my mom's hometown of New Orleans.

Only three months after my parents made the   25    to move I found myself moving boxes into our new house.My announcement to my mother that I   26   the new environment was partly motivated by how hot it was,but it was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down1,100 miles away from everyone and everything I had ever known,I was   27  .To make matters worse,I was starting high school in two weeks.Beginning high school is a scary   28   on its own.

I spent my first few months in New Orleans,  29   wanting to go home to Virginia.But after a few months of missing home,I   30   that I had a choice. I could continue thinking about how much I missed my old home,   31   I could start trying to build a new home right here.I chose the latter.

As soon as I stopped giving all my   32   to how much I missed Virginia I was able to begin accepting the love that people were already giving me.I joined some clubs at school,which gave me the chance to make friends.My neighbor taught me how to cook some New Orleans food,and I found a wonderful   33   of fellow cooks and neighbors.Overall,I seized every possible opportunity to    34    myself and to rebuild my life.

Because of my resilience(适应力)in creating a new home for myself and the    35    that people have shown to me,home is right here.
21.A.announced           B.replied                C.insisted             D.pointed
22.A.Therefore              B.Instead               C.However              D.Besides
23.A.evaluated           B.raised              C.promoted              D.fed
24.A.develop          B.continue              C.obtain                D.change
25.A.attempt            B.suggestion              C.excuse                  D.decision
26.A.preferred               B.missed                  C.hated               D.imagined
27.A.surprised               B.frightened            C.delighted               D.relieved
28.A.performance            B.activity            C.presentation              D.experience
29.A.partly              B.badly              C.slightly                D.gradually
30.A.realized                 B.remembered             C.inferred                D.complained

31. A.and                B.but                C.or                  D.so
    32.A.attention               B.patience                C.trust        D.confidence
    33.A.generation         B.community            C.race              D.school

34.A.teach            B.accept             C.judge                     D.better
35.A.belief                     B.freedom                 C.love                 D.interest

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

2019河北唐山高一部分学校联考)When he was a little boy,Christopher Cockerell once noticed his mother turning the wheel of her sewing machine with her hand."Won't it work quickly if a machine   36   (turn)the wheel for you?”he asked.“I suppose it will,”said his mother, without paying any attention to him.

 Christopher knew she always had a lot of work and that she was   37   stubborn that he could hardly do anything to change   38     (she)mind.But he wanted to help.In his bedroom there was a toy steam engine    39     (buy)by his father as a gift to him."I will make better use of it,little Christopher said to himself.So,when his mother was not using her sewing machine,he decided to fix the toy steam engine onto it.When he finished   40     (do)it,he was quite pleased,thinking his mother would like it. "Very clever,"his mother said when she saw it.But then she sat down and went on turning the wheel   41    hand."I     42    (work)like this for too many years,"she explained. Christopher felt very      43   disappoint).He couldn't understand his mother's   44    (behave).

This taught Christopher a lesson,    45     made him depressed for several days.It is what anyone who tries to improve anything has to learn:many people don't like new ideas.

第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是学生会主席李华，学生会成员王萍将要去应聘一份在培训机构当外语助教(teaching
assistant)的暑期兼职工作，请你给她写一封推荐信，向要应聘的培训机构推荐她，介绍一些她的个
人信息。要点如下：
1.王萍的个性特点以及专长；
2.王萍平时在校的表现（她的学业表现和获奖情况等)。
注意：1.词数80左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Manager,
    I am Li Hua,president of the Students'Union.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Your sincerely,

Li Hua

第二节　读后续写(满分25分)

（2022·湖北恩施·高一期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

(2019河北唐山遵化高一期末)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右
    Last Saturday,David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old.When David passed them,he heard the woman yell,"How stupid you are!You're good at nothing."David stopped and looked at the little boy.The boy said nothing.He just stood there,looking upset.

David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs.Brown in the middle school.After he entered the
middle school,David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others.He was often told
that he was good at nothing,which David believed.But one day it all changed.
    One day,in an English writing class,Mrs.Brown asked them to read a novel.They were asked to write
a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading the book.A few days later,David handed in his
story.He didn't give it much thought.But the next day to his surprise,the comment"well done"from
Mrs.Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
    When David read that,he almost burst into tears.He never expected to be praised one day.He
suddenly gained some self-confidence.
    That day after he returned home,he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs.Brown the next
morning.And again he was praised.
    David became very interested in writing.He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs.Brown to
read them and correct them for him.Mrs.Brown always corrected them for him.Mrs.Brown always
corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve them.One year later,David
joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it.He was no longer that boy who lacked self-
confidence.He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
    He succeeded in entering college and kept writing.Several years after graduating from college,
he had his first book published.With some more books coming out,he became famous as a writer in
his country.And he owed his success to Mrs.Brown's encouragement.Without her encouragement,his life
might be very different now.
Paragraph 1:
    Inspired by his own life story,David decided to do something for that boy

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Paragraph 2:
    The mother was ashamed when she heard that.

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