英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters同步达标检测题

UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS

Part 1　Listening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.I do believe that all your 　　　(努力) will pay off sooner or later. 

2.Helicopters 　　　(营救) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building the other day. 

3.We should find a safe 　　　(躲避处) from the strong wind in this situation.  

4.Firefighters came in time to help the old man who was 　　　(使落入险境)in the lift. 

5.Last night's TV news said that by then the 　　　(死亡) of the missing people hadn't been proved yet. 

6.So far, 72 billion dollars of intended deals(意向交易) have been made at the third CIIE(进博会), an increase of 2.1 　　　(百分比) year-on-year. 

7.Ever since Jack entered the classroom, he has been b　　　 in his paper. 

8.Always lowering your head to check your cellphone could d　　　 your neck. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

refer to;go through;in ruins;in shock;suffer from

1.The new law does not 　　　　　　the land used for farming. 

2.After the heavy flood two months ago,the whole village was left 　　　　　　. 

3.Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are more likely to 　　　　　　depression(抑郁症). 

4.He was still 　　　　　　and difficult to recover from what had happened earlier in the afternoon. 

5.He must have 　　　　　　many hardships(困苦) before he finally succeeded. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.With the government's aid, those 　　　　(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 

2.There is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your　　　　 (wise)! 

3.The flood 　　　　(destroy) a lot of houses and many people became homeless. 

4.We had great difficulty 　　　　(breathe) while observing Tibetan antelopes because of the thin air there. 

5.Have you heard of such natural 　　　　(disaster)as floods, droughts, typhoons, hurricanes and tornadoes? 

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.我们赶快回家吧。好像要下雨了。

Let's hurry home. It seems 　　 　 　　 　 　　 　 　　            

　           　. 

2.爷爷坐在沙发上,高兴地给孩子们讲着故事。

The grandfather sat in the sofa, 　 　　 　 　　 　 　 　 　　  　

happily. 

3.这个专业讲座对于高中一年级新生来说很难理解。

The professional lecture was hard for high school freshmen 　　　 　　　. 

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

Strange things happened before the Tangshan earthquake. For several days, the water in the village wells 　1　(rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks. Some smelly gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 　2　(eat). At 3:42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. 　3　seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, 　4　whole city lay in ruins. Two thirds of people died or got 　5　(injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were 　6　(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those　7　were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 　8　(survivor). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 　9　 strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, 　10　(final) a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021安徽安庆一中高一上期中,)

In 2015, Chennai was destroyed by one of the worst floods in over a century, leaving thousands without food, water and supplies. During the flood, many heroes arose, one of whom was Santosh, a young man who owned a take-out restaurant in Chennai.

When the first flood hit in November, he got a call from a company called Naga Rava. The company asked him to prepare 5,000 packets of food and give them to the flood victims. He, with his partners, took the order, cooked for 14 hours and delivered them. But that night, as they sat together discussing the event of the day, they actually felt ashamed(羞愧的). “Here was a man not even from Chennai and he was going out of his way to help the affected people. We, while living here, had not really done anything ourselves for our own people,” said Santosh later.

He then began the groundwork(基础工作) for a collection to help cook more dishes. Little did he know that the November flood was just the beginning, and the real show was about to begin. The December flood affected them all. His own house got flooded and his family was trapped on the second floor. They lost phone connection and electricity. In spite of this, Santosh went back out into the flood, creating a kitchen and preparing food all by himself for the victims. 

He did not sleep for four days, taking a one-hour break every day as he kept on cooking. As word got out about this man's effort, others stepped out to join him. From children to the elderly, strangers came to help him in cooking, packing and transporting food. Up to 300 volunteers worked together to make it all happen. By the time the fourth day finally came to an end, Santosh and his team had prepared 170,000 food boxes and delivered them to the people in need.

1.What inspired Santosh to help the affected people?

A.A call for help.

B.His cooking skills.

C.An act of kindness of a stranger.

D.The encouragement from his partners.

2.What does “the real show” in the third paragraph refer to?

A.The help and support.

B.The severer flood.

C.Santosh's family suffering.

D.Santosh's cooking more food.

3.Which of the following can best describe Santosh?

A.Energetic and helpful.

B.Determined and clever.

C.Selfless and caring.

D.Kind and wise.

B

(2020江西宜春高一上第三次月考,)

After the fire, what now?

Bishop Patrick Chauvet, Notre Dame's manager, admitted that the famous building would close for “five to six years” as he spoke with local business owners Wednesday. He added that it was unclear what the church's 67 employees would be doing in the future but he promised the building would revive after being restored. French President Emmanuel Macron said Tuesday that he wanted the church rebuilt in five years.

﹡What are the new rules?

While tourists can't go inside the site itself, the area still may prove popular to those paying their respects. Visitors are welcome to write messages of support in both the main and local city halls.

The island that houses the church has been closed and the people there have been evacuated since the fire. Paris businessmen who depend on Notre Dame tourism are worried about the church's future as well as their own.

﹡　　　　　　　　　　　　　 

It's known that spring is a busy time for tourists in Paris. The travel companies recommend people visit other places, like the Basilique Saint-Denis, the Sacre-Coeur and so on. Those who tend to observe church services during Holy Week are advised to go to Saint-Eustache.

﹡Looking ahead to rebuilding.

It seems that rebuilding can begin, since firefighters put out the fire early Tuesday, more than 12 hours after nearly 400 firefighters had battled the flames that changed the city's skyline. Two policemen and one firefighter were slightly injured, according to the Paris fire service.

A large campaign to raise money is already underway to rebuild the church. Up to Wednesday, donations came to $1 billion.

4.What can we learn from what the manager said?

A.The famous building will be closed forever.

B.The building will be rebuilt in the future.

C.The government will give the employees jobs.

D.The president will make a plan to rebuild the building.

5.Which of the following subtitles can be filled in the blank?

A.Saint-Eustache is favored by tourists.

B.Tour companies offer other choices.

C.Other church culture develops fast in Paris.

D.The best time to visit Paris is spring.

6.According to the passage, what will happen after the fire?

A.The government will arrange work for 67 employees.

B.Visitors will be forbidden to leave messages anywhere.

C.Other churches in Paris will also be examined and repaired.

D.More money will be donated for the rebuilding project.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020福建三明一中高一上期中,)

Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.

If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. 　1　 Drop to the ground. Get under something that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. 

　2　 Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses(高架桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse. 　3　 

If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. 　4　 Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. 

Be prepared for aftershocks.　5　 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe place after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. 

A.Don't move around or kick up dust.

B.If you're outside, go to an open space.

C.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.

D.Don't park your car under a tree or any tall objects.

E.Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.

F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.

G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

答案全解全析

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.efforts　2.rescued　3.shelter　4.trapped　5.death

6.percent　7.buried　8.damage

Ⅱ.1.refer to　2.in ruins　3.suffer from 　4.in shock   5.gone through

Ⅲ.1.affected　考查过去分词。句意:在政府的援助下,那些受到地震影响的人已经搬到了新的定居点。代词those与动词affect之间为被动关系,此处为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰those,故填affected。

2.wisdom　考查名词。句意:只有一种东西是别人无法从你的身上拿走的,那就是你的智慧! 分析句子结构可知,设空处前面有形容词性物主代词your,故设空处应填名词wisdom,意为“智慧”。

3.destroyed　考查时态。句意:洪水毁掉了很多房屋,很多人变得无家可归。由句中的became可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填destroyed。

4.breathing　考查动名词。句意:在观察藏羚羊的时候,我们呼吸很困难,因为那里空气稀薄。have difficulty doing...意为“做……有困难”。

5.disasters　考查名词复数。句意:你听说过洪水、干旱、台风飓风和龙卷风这样的自然灾害吗?由设空处后面的floods、droughts、typhoons、hurricanes和tornadoes可知,设空处应填名词复数disasters。

Ⅳ.1.as if it is going to rain　2.telling the children stories

3.to understand

Ⅴ.1.rose　考查动词的时态。句意:几天来,村里水井里的水涨涨落落。此处讲的是唐山大地震前的情况,为过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,故填rose。

2.to eat　考查动词不定式。句意:鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”,此处需填不定式作结果状语。

3.It　考查固定句型。句意:好像世界末日就要到了!It seems/seemed as if...表示“似乎/好像……”。

4.the　考查冠词。句意:不到一分钟,整个城市就成了一片废墟。此处特指整个城市,需要在whole前加定冠词the。

5.injured　考查过去分词。句意:三分之二的人死亡或受伤。get injured意为“受伤”。

6.shocked　考查形容词。句意:人们对此感到震惊,想知道这场灾难会持续多久。主语为People,设空处作表语,故用形容词shocked。

7.who　考查定语从句。句意:军队组织队伍把被困的人挖出来并埋葬死者。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who。

8.survivors　考查名词复数。句意:工人们为幸存者建造躲避处。survivor意为“幸存者”,为可数名词,此处表示复数含义,应用复数形式survivors。

9.With　考查介词。句意:在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下,一个新的唐山终于在地震废墟上建成了。结合语境可知,此处表示“有了政府的大力支持……”,with表示“有;具有”,故填With。

10.finally　考查副词。句意见上题。此处需用副词finally作状语。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了在金奈发生一个多世纪以来最严重的洪灾期间,Santosh和一些好心人准备了170,000份盒饭救援灾区的故事。

1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Here was a man not even from Chennai and he was going out of his way to help the affected people. We, while living here, had not really done anything ourselves for our own people”可知,是一个陌生人的善举激励了Santosh帮助灾民。故选C。A项“求救电话”与原文不符,Santosh是接到了订餐电话,让他给受害者做饭并派送;B项“他的厨艺”和D项“伙伴的鼓励”都与此无关。

2.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Little did he know that the November flood was just the beginning, and the real show was about to begin. The December flood affected them all.”(他不知道11月份的洪水只是个开始,而真正的表演即将开始。12月份的洪水影响到了他们所有人)可知,12月份的洪水比11月份的洪水造成的后果更严重,所以此处的“the real show”指的是12月更严重的洪水。故选B。

3.C　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,Santosh的家也遭受了洪水,但是他依然去帮助其他受灾的人们。这说明他无私且乐于助人。故选C。

【高频词汇】　1.arise v.出现;发生　2.own v.拥有　3.victim n.受害者　4.in spite of 尽管,虽然　5.transport v.运送　6.up to多达　7.come to an end结束

长难句分析

原句　During the flood, many heroes arose, one of whom was Santosh, a young man who owned a take-out restaurant in Chennai.

分析　本句为主从复合句。one of whom引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 many heroes,whom在定语从句中作介词of的宾语;a young man who owned a take-out restaurant in Chennai是Santosh的同位语,其中who owned a take-out restaurant in Chennai是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a young man,who在定语从句中作主语。

句意　洪水期间,许多英雄出现了,其中一位是Santosh,一个在金奈拥有一家外卖餐馆的年轻人。

B

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。2019年4月巴黎圣母院遭遇大火,文章讲述了此事带来的影响以及政府采取的相关措施。

4.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的he promised the building would revive after being restored可知,巴黎圣母院会被修复。故选B。注意本题的D项“总统将制订计划来重建这座建筑物”,文章第一段最后一句只提到总统想让教堂被重建,并未说明他要制订重建的计划。

5.B　主旨大意题。根据本段中的The travel companies recommend people visit other places可以判断出,本段主要讲大火之后,旅游公司向游客推荐了其他景点。故选B。

6.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,大火之后更多的钱将捐赠给重建工程。故选D。B项“访客将被禁止在任何地方留言”与文中第二段第二句表述相矛盾;A项“政府将为67名员工安排工作”和C项“巴黎的其他教堂也将被检查和修复”在文中未提及。

【高频词汇】　1.employee n.员工　2.promise v.承诺　3.house v.是(某物)的安置处;安置;收藏;给(某人)提供住处   4.depend on 依靠;取决于　5.tourism n.旅游业　6.tourist n.游客　7.recommend v.建议　8.campaign n.(有计划的)活动;战役;战斗　9.raise money 筹钱　10.donation n.捐赠物;捐赠

长难句分析

原句　It seems that rebuilding can begin, since firefighters put out the fire early Tuesday, more than 12 hours after nearly 400 firefighters had battled the flames that changed the city's skyline.

分析　It seems后为表语从句,since引导原因状语从句,从句中还含有after引导的时间状语从句,这个从句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the flames。

句意　重建似乎可以开始了,因为在近400名消防队员与改变了城市的天际线的火焰搏斗了超过12个小时后,他们在周二一早就扑灭了大火。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了地震发生时的一些应急的自我保护措施。

1.G　根据空前的两句可知,发生地震时最危险的事情之一是试图从建筑物里逃出来,因此此空应介绍这样做的后果,即容易受伤。故选G。

2.B　根据空后的Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings可知这里说的是室外的情况,因此设空处的内容应该为:要是你在室外,去一个开阔的地方。故选B。

3.D　前面谈论的是驾驶时发生地震需要如何做,此空承接上句,应该说明不要把车停在树下或任何高大的物体下面。故选D。

4.C　本段主要谈论的是如果被困在废墟中该如何做。根据空前的Don't shout.可知,此处应该是解释大声喊会带来什么后果,故选C。

5.F　根据空后的However, sometimes they even happen months later.可知,前面要说的是余震可能会在地震后几小时内发生,故选F。

【高频词汇】　1.prevent vt.预防;阻止　2.hold on to 抓住不放

3.collapse v.(突然)倒塌;倒下;崩溃　4.rescuer n.营救者

5.be prepared for...为……做准备　6.injury n.伤害;损伤