英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Lessons in life当堂达标检测题

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Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Nthing can weaken (weak) his determinatin t g abrad fr further study.
2. I dn’t want t sund t pessimistic(pessimistic), but yur father’s illness is very serius.
3. I’m just anticipating(anticipate)with pleasure seeing sme f my reprting.
4. He mved arund the rm, putting his pssessins (pssess)tgether.
5. They thught his behaviur was abnrmal(abnrmally).
6. The plan received widespread (widespread)supprt thrughut the cuntry.
7. If yu are a writer, this will bring yu fame and recgnitin(recgnize).
Ⅱ. 选词填空
make the mst f, be reunited with, tend t, after all, get thrugh
1. White wines tend t gain depth f clur with age.
2. Gerge studied hard. He wanted t make the mst f his chance t learn.
3. Finally, the nurse was reunited with her husband in Jrdan.
4. Dn’t get discuraged by setbacks; we are new t the wrk after all.
5. Yu wuld wnder hw such a large animal culd get thrugh such a small hle.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I find it necessary that we shuld d the hmewrk n time. 我觉得我们有必要按时做家庭作业。(that引导表语从句)
2. The truble is that he misunderstd me.
麻烦的是他误解了我。(that引导宾语从句)
3. The girl the hair f whm is glden is frm England.
头发金色的那个女孩来自英国。(f whm引导定语从句)
4. The huse the drs f which are green is an ffice building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。(f which引导定语从句)
5. The girl was left alne in the rm, weeping bitterly.
女孩独自一人留在房间里, 痛哭流涕。(现在分词作定语)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·天津高二检测)
We are enrlled in the full-time schl called “life”. Every day in this schl, we have pprtunities t learn new lessns. N matter whether we like these lessns r nt, we have t take them, because they are ur lessns.
Why are we here in this wrld? What is the purpse f life? Humans have tried t discver the meaning f life fr thusands f years, but failed t get the answer, because the meaning f life is different frm persn t persn.
Each ne f us has his r her special purpse and path, unique and different. As we travel n ur life paths, we will learn many great lessns in rder t fulfill that purpse. Learning ur lessns well is the key t discvering the real meaning f ur wn life.
As we travel thrugh ur lifetime, we may be taught hard lessns that thers dn’t have t face, while thers spend years struggling with prblems we dn’t need t deal with. We may never knw why we lve English, nt physics, which indicates that ur paths are different. While traveling n ur wn paths, smetimes alne, we shuld, first f all, take a basic lessn in penness.
Openness means being receptive. Life will present us with s many lessns, nne f which are useful t us unless we can recgnize them and are pen t their values. These lessns are nt easy t learn, but we shuld regard them as gifts. But hw can we recgnize these lessns? It is a matter f what “glasses” we are wearing at the time. It is nt difficult t spt them if we take them as pprtunities. S when we are nt pen t learning ur lessns, failing a weekly English test might be like a disaster rather than an pprtunity t us. Of curse, the hard lessns may nt be fun, but they can actually be the biggest gifts we receive frm life.
【文章大意】文章介绍了我们进入生活这所大学, 生活会告诉我们生活的目的, 生命的意义, 每个人的人生道路各不相同, 要正确对待生活中发生的一切。
1. The authr may be in favr f the viewpint that all men are brn ______.
A. equal B. different
C. t learn lessns D. ready fr challenge
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because the meaning f life is different frm persn t persn. ”可知, 作者可能会同意“每个人人生的意义各不相同”这一观点。故选B。
2. The example f “we lve English, nt physics” is mentined t shw that we ______.
A. chse ur wn paths in life
B. need t face sme hard lessns
C. discver the meaning f ur wn life
D. realize the necessity f penness
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We may never knw why we lve English, nt physics, which indicates that ur paths are different. ”可知, 作者用“我们爱英语, 而不是物理”这个例子来说明我们各自都有各自的人生道路。故选A。
3. Whether we can see life lessns as gifts depends upn ur ______.
A. angles f view
B. cmmn value system
C. experiences frm life
D. willingness t face challenge
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It is a matter f what “glasses” we are wearing at the time. ”可知, 你如何看待生活所给的教训要取决于自己“戴着什么样的眼镜”, 推知作者认为看待生活中的教训的态度取决于自己的视角。故选A。
4. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Life and Lessn
B. Life as Schl
C. Life Schl and Students
D. Gifts frm Life
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据短文介绍我们进入生活这所大学, 在这里我们学会生活的目的, 生命的意义, 每个人的人生道路各不相同。所以这个短文就是围绕生活这所大学展开的。故选B。
【技巧点拨】
每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。主旨要义型题范围一般包括: 短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点, 概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构, 抓住文章的开头或结尾, 从而找出能概括文章的主题句。主题句的特点: (1)语言特点: 归纳性、概括性、抽象性; (2)位置特点: 主题句常出现在“总结性”语言的“信号词”后, 标题的语言特点: 独特新颖、概括性强、短小精炼。
文章标题可以是单词、短语, 也可以是句子, 它的特点是: 短小精悍, 多为一短语; 涵盖性强, 一般要求能覆盖全文, 其确定的范围要恰当, 既不能太大, 也不能太小; 精确性强, 不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
如小题4, 本题是标题类, 要短小精悍, 并且涵盖性强。短文介绍我们进入生活这所大学, 在这里我们学会生活的目的, 生命的意义, 每个人的人生道路各不相同。可推知, 这个短文就是围绕生活这所大学展开的, 所以B项是最佳标题。
B
My challenge fr yu is this: t read a bk fr 15 minutes every single day fr a mnth.
Let me explain a bit, by telling yu where the challenge came frm. I have many things in cmmn with my dad, like music taste and sense f humr, but sadly reading isn’t ne f them. I can happily spend a whle day with a bk, but my dad can’t read a bk fr lnger than abut 5 minutes. He reads emails, websites and papers fr wrk, but nt bks. He’s busy, s I think sitting dwn t read fr just 15 minutes a day is a gd way t relax and t intrduce him t reading.
My dad is nt the nly persn wh avids bks. I knw lts f peple wuld rather relax n their cmputers r in frnt f the TV. Everyne is different and has their wn interests, but I think there are lts f benefits t reading, which screen-based activities dn’t have.
Firstly, it’s better fr yur eyes. Lking at screens can be very stressful fr yur eye muscles, and clearly yu shuld avid lking at screens fr an hur befre bed, t get a gd night’s sleep.
One thing I persnally lve reading, is being transprted t anther wrld—I wuld ften frget the time r things arund me! Reading is a great way t switch ff befre yu g t bed, because yu think mre abut the wrld f the bk, rather than the real wrld, s yu can truly relax. I knw yu can be transprted t a different wrld in a film r a TV shw, but I think bks d it better.
I als enjy hearing what peple are ding and finding ut what they think. Reading gives me the chance t get t knw hundreds f new peple! It als teaches yu t see things frm ther peple’s pint f view, and understand ther peple’s decisins r pinins. With a bk, yu can hear everything a character is thinking r feeling—yu really can be inside smene else’s head!
S give it a g! Take 15 minutes when yu are waking up, ging t bed, eating lunch, r having a cffee. If yu read a lt, why nt try 15 minutes f an English bk, r pass the challenge n t smene else? Gd luck, and happy reading!
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文, 主要讲述了我给你的挑战: 一个月每天读15分钟的书。
5. The authr mentins his father in the text t shw______.
A. his father is busy
B. reading is imprtant
C. his father likes reading
D. many peple have n habit f reading
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段My dad is nt the nly persn wh avids bks. I knw lts f peple wuld rather relax n their cmputers r in frnt f the TV. 可知, 我父亲绝不是唯一一个不看书的人。我知道有很多人宁愿在电脑或电视机前放松, 故选D。
6. The authr writes the text mainly basing n______.
A. his persnal experience
B. sme scientific experiments
C. his father’s persnal advice
D. knwledge frm bks
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段One thing I persnally lve reading, is being transprted t anther wrld—I wuld ften frget the time r things arund me! 可知, 就我个人喜欢读书这件事来说, 读书可以转换到另一个世界, 我将忘记时间或周围的事情, 可知这篇文章的基础是“作者的亲身经历”。故选A。
7. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refers t______.
A. helping readers sleep well
B. making readers feel relaxed
C. transprting readers t a different wrld
D. reminding readers f the real wrld
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据句意可知, 我知道你可以在电影或电视节目中被带到一个不同的世界, 但我认为书可以做得更好。所以此处是指读者被带到另一个世界。故选C。
8. What is the authr’s attitude t reading?
A. Negative. B. Uncertain.
C. Supprtive. D. Dubtful.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知, 作者建议大家要每天读书, 可见作者是支持大家阅读的。故选C。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2021·大连高二检测)
Life Lessns
Life is nt easy when yu are pursuing smething wrthwhile and ready t learn frm the best experiences. 1 Here are sme life lessns which peple will learn the hard way in majrity f cases.
It takes cnsistent time and effrt t be successful in any area. Hwever, Peple usually get discuraged when it takes mre time than they thught it wuld. At this time, peple refer nly t peple wh have already achieved what yu want t be, which mst peple fail t d. Lk at any successful persn and yu’ll ntice ne thing cmmn in all f them. They tk time t learn and mastered their skills like n ne else. 2
Be brave t take the rad less travelled. In ur whle life, we always want t fllw the same path that everyne suggests, d the same things everyne des, take the same career path everyne takes, wear the same clthes everyne wears, and hang ut with the same peple we wrk with. 3 But when yu get bred f life, yu will realize that yu are nt meant t d what everyne des and that yur destiny is different frm anyne else’s ut there in the wrld. But the price yu pay t realize this is high because it takes a great amunt f curage t fllw yur wn path.
Yu dn’t have t live yur life in a way sciety wants yu t. 4 Parents smetimes frce their children t select a career they dn’t want because ther children have selected that career. Wrst f all, peple fllw them withut even asking. There is n harm in ld rituals(惯例) and beliefs but when yu pursue them befre yur interest, sner r later yu’ll realize that yu shuld first d what yu think is right.
5 Hwever, if yu are smart enugh t learn early and wish nt t waste yur precius time learning them the hard way, learn them nw and apply it t yur life as sn as pssible.
A. Yu have t break the rules smetimes.
B. After all, life lessns are always learned the hard way.
C. There is n elevatr t success; yu have t take the stairs.
D. The reasn why we fllw thers is that we are scared t fail.
E. It always takes tests and then fails us t learn anything wrthwhile.
F. The general rule ges that the harder yu try, the greater results yu get.
G. Many ld beliefs are being perfrmed these days and are fllwed blindly.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作者向我们介绍了需要费一番周折才能学会的几个生活教训。
1. 【解析】选E。由前后句可知, 当你想追寻值得做的事情并准备学习最好的经验时, 生活并不是简单的。下面的这些教训, 大部分的情况下人们都是费一番苦功才会学到。所以选项起到承上启下的作用。故E选项“它总是测试我们, 让我们通过失败来学习有价值的东西”切题。故选E项。
2. 【解析】选C。由上文可知, 随便找出一个成功的人, 你就会发现成功人士的共同点。他们都比常人努力, 花时间去学习并掌握技能。所以选项是对上几句的总结, 来说明成功的途径是什么。故C选项“通往成功的路上没有电梯, 你只能去一级一级地爬楼梯” 切题。故选C项。
3. 【解析】选D。由空格前句可知, 我们按着别人建议的道路去走, 做别人做的事情, 走别人走的职业路线, 穿和别人一样的衣服, 和同事一起出去玩。所以选项要说明这么做的原因是什么。故D选项“我们总是跟随别人的原因是我们害怕失败”切题。故选D项。
4. 【解析】选G。由空格后句可知, 父母们有时会强迫孩子选择孩子不喜欢的专业就因为其他孩子选择了那个专业。所以选项要与后句一同具体说明社会上一些不好的风气。故G选项“许多老的规矩最近又开始风行, 人们盲目地跟风 ”切题。故选G项。
5. 【解析】选B。由空格后句可知, 然而, 如果你足够聪明想早点儿学到它们, 不想把宝贵的时间浪费在费劲去学这些教训上, 那么你现在就可以学习吸取它们, 并可以尽早把它们用到你的生活中。所以选项与后一句为转折关系。故B选项“毕竟, 生活中的教训总是需要费一番苦功才能学到”切题。故选B项。
完形填空
(2021·合肥高二检测)
Hw t help yur kids find a purpse? Yu dn’t have t start with the really big questins. Quick, what’s the meaning f life? Many f us may nt be able t answer that, but that desn’t 1 ur kids dn’t have questins r need answers.
“The sense that yur persnal life is 2 t yu is a basis f psychlgical well-being, ” says Michael F. Steger, directr f the labratry fr Meaning and Quality f Life at Clrad State University. Nt nly that, it is tightly tied t being happier, mre psitive, mre 3 , mre caring, mre helpful, mre resilient (有弹性的), and mre satisfied in yur life, relatinships, and wrk.
“But helping yur kids find meaning desn’t mean parents have t 4 all life’s ancient mysteries, ” Steger says. The 5 is t understand the difference between the meaning f life and the meaning in life.
“We d nt have t start with the biggest and mst trubling questins abut ur lives, ” Steger says. “We can start with trying t 6 hw, tday, right nw, we are ging t d ne thing that makes the stry f ur lives mre psitive, r makes a psitive difference t smene else. ”
With kids in 7 schl, Steger says, “At the mst basic level, ur best hpes fr ur children are that they feel their lives matter and that they 8 . ” T start cnversatins alng thse lines, says Steger, “Yu can ask questins abut what they think their best 9 r strengths are, whether they have gd relatinships with ther peple, whether they care abut thers. Yu can ask them abut times when they have made a difference, made smene feel better, felt 10 fr ding smething, r helped smene ut. All f these kinds f questins can start a cnversatin abut yur kid’s 11 way f being in and cntributing t the wrld. ”
In middle schl, says Steger, “Kids are being expsed t ideas, behavirs, assumptins, and pririties that might be 12 different frm the nes they have always assumed were true. ” S fr kids f this age, parents can start cnversatins fcusing n hw yur children’s sense f wh they are, hw they related t thers and what life is has been 13 .
By high schl, accrding t Steger, “We hpe ur children see hw much their lives matter, see that they are at the beginning f an exciting and strengthening life stry, and have sme slight ideas abut 14 . ”But the questin f what yu want t d with yur life is t big fr a single cnversatin, says Steger. Instead, he encurages parents t have 15 , smaller cnversatins with their kids abut hw they view themselves and their lives, and what kind f impact they wuld like t make.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。个人生活对你有意义, 这是心理健康的基础, 它还与更快乐、更积极、更自信、更有爱心、更有帮助、更有弹性、对生活、人际关系和工作更满意紧密相关。因此文章主要从小学、中学和高中孩子的三个阶段来说明如何帮助孩子找到自己生命的意义。
1. A. intendB. meanC. remainD. hpe
【解析】选B。intend打算; mean意味着; remain保持; hpe希望; 盼望。结合文章可知, 大人可能不会回答, 但并不意味着孩子们没有问题或不需要答案。故选B。
2. A. significantB. decisive
C. meaningfulD. useful
【解析】选C。significant意义重大的; decisive决定性的; meaningful有意义的; useful有用的。结合下文a basis f psychlgical well-being可知心理健康的基础应当是一个人觉得自己的生活有意义, 其他选项与语境不符。故选C。
3. A. cnfidentB. cautius
C. intelligentD. special
【解析】选A。cnfident自信的; cautius谨慎的; intelligent聪明的; special特别的。结合下文mre caring, mre helpful, mre resilient, and mre satisfied in yur life, relatinships, and wrk可推知应为褒义形容词。故选A。
4. A. discverB. present
C. memrizeD. slve
【解析】选D。句意: 但是帮助你的孩子找到生活的意义并不意味着父母必须要解决所有生命中古老的谜团。 discver发现; present展现; memrize记住; slve解决。结合下文all life’s ancient mysteries可知是解决谜团。故选D。
5. A. trickB. ccupatin
C. addressD. prmise
【解析】选A。trick关键; 窍门; ccupatin职业; address地址; prmise允诺; 承诺。结合下文is t understand the difference between the meaning f life and the meaning in life可知此处是在说明理解生命的意义和生活的意义之间的区别的关键。故选A。
6. A. lk frB. pick up
C. deal withD. figure ut
【解析】选D。lk fr寻找; pick up捡起; deal with处理; figure ut弄清楚。结合下文hw, tday, right nw, we are ging t d ne thing可知要“弄清楚”如何去做一件事, 可以使我们的生活故事更加积极, 或者对其他人产生积极的影响。故选D。
7. A. junirB. advanced
C. elementaryD. senir
【解析】选C。junir下级的; advanced高级的; elementary基本的; senir高级的。结合下文At the mst basic level可知是上小学。elementary schl“小学”。故选C。
8. A. make a differenceB. spare n effrt
C. take the initiativeD. make a living
【解析】选A。make a difference有影响; spare n effrt不遗余力; take the initiative带头; 积极主动; make a living谋生。结合上文中的they feel their lives matter可知要让孩子相信自己, 觉得自己的生活很重要, 认为自己能有所作为。故选A。
9. A. specialtiesB. qualities
C. featuresD. perfrmances
【解析】选B。specialties专长; qualities品质; features特征; perfrmances演出。结合下文r strengths可知是问他们认为自己最好的品质或优点是什么。故选B。
10. A. appreciatedB. prepared
C. understdD. well-knwn
【解析】选A。appreciated被赞赏的; prepared准备好的; understd被充分理解的; well-knwn出名的。结合下文fr ding smething, r helped smene ut. 可知是因为做了什么事情而被赞赏。故选A。
11. A. apparentB. smart
C. uniqueD. apprpriate
【解析】选C。apparent显然的; smart聪明的; unique独特的; apprpriate适当的。结合上文可知问题的目的是为了启发孩子们对自己生命意义的认识, 因此这些问题能够引发一场关于你孩子独特的生活方式和对世界的贡献的对话。故选C。
12. A. generallyB. eventually
C. impssiblyD. cmpletely
【解析】选D。句意: 孩子们接触到的想法、行为、假设和优先事项可能与他们一直认为的完全不同。 generally通常; eventually最终; impssibly不可能地; cmpletely完全地。故选D。
13. A. imprvingB. strengthening
C. appearingD. changing
【解析】选D。imprving促进; strengthening加强; appearing出现; changing改变。结合上文可知上了中学, 孩子们接触到的想法、行为、假设和优先事项可能与他们一直认为的完全不同。因此他们之前对自我认知的感觉也一直在改变。故选D。
14. A. truthB. purpse
C. psitivityD. cntributin
【解析】选B。truth真相; purpse目的; psitivity积极性; cntributin贡献。结合上文Hw t help yur kids find a purpse? 可知是让孩子们对目标有一些细微的认识。故选B。
15. A. permanentB. lng-lasting
C. frequentD. ccasinal
【解析】选C。permanent永久的; lng-lasting持久的; frequent频繁的; ccasinal偶尔的。结合上文可知Steger鼓励父母要多与孩子进行频繁、小规模的对话。故选C。