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八年级上册外研版英语同步讲义第18讲：Module 9 Population 语法篇
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Module 9语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 熟练掌握本模块语法知识。 冠词： 是限定的一种词，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词（a/an）, 定冠词（the）和零冠词（/）。 ● 1.不定冠词的用法 不定冠词用来修饰可数名词单数，指人或物种的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。 不定冠词的常见用法有： ①表示“一个”的概念。 Population is a big problem for cities . ②表示“每一“的概念，相当于every 。 I watch TV once a week . ③首次提到的某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。 A student wants to ask you some questions ④某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。 have a good time have a look have a rest ●2.定冠词的用法 ①指前文中提到过的人或物。 I have a dog . The dog is black . ②特指某人或某物。 The girl with long hair is my younger sister . ③指说话双方都知道的人或物 I had to write the same report last term . ④用于专有名词前。 the Great Wall the Pacific Ocean ⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 the sun the moon ⑥用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。 the Smiths ⑦用于形容词最高级前。 the biggest city ⑧用于序数词前。the first boy ⑨用于西洋乐器名词前。 play the piano ⑩某些形容词前加定冠词 the ，表示一类人或物 。the young the old ⑾用于某些固定短语中 : in the morning the day after tomorrow ●3.零冠词的用法 ①在球类活动，学科名词前以及节日，月份，星期前不用冠词。 Tom can play volleyball . ②名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或数词等作定语时名词前不用冠词 There are many books in her schoolbag. ③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词 by bus have breakfast at home at night 『注意』: 在某些短语中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。 in hospital in the hospital at table at the table in class in the class 数字 : 分为基数词和序数词。本模块中，我们重点学习数字的读法。在英语中，每三位数字为一个单位，按照百，十，个位向下读。而进位的读法则为thousand, million , billion向上递增。 数次的常见用法： ①分数表达法 在英语中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子是1时，分母用原形；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。 1/3 ： one thirds 2/3 : two thirds ②百分数的表达 百分数用percent 表示，符号为% 如： 5% 读作 five present . 1.—Do you play ______ piano in your free time? —No, I like sports. I often play ______ soccer with my friends. /; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; a 2.This is______interesting movie and it’s also______most interesting one I’ve ever seen. A.an;a B.an;the C.a;the D. a;a 3. _____ man in a black hat is my PE teacher. He often plays ______ football with us. A. A; the B. The; a C. The; / D. A; / 4 She will have______ chance to go to______ college for a further education. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a;/ 5. _______ Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang A A B An C The D / 冠词专项练习: 选择正确的答案。 1. — What does your father do?— He is ______ art teacher. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. — Are you having ______ good time?— Yes, but I’m feeling tired. I want to have __ rest. A. a; / B. /; a C. a; a D. the; a 3. Look at ______ skirt! I bought it for Mum on Mother’s Day. Isn’t it nice? A. a B. the C. an D. / 4. This is ______ song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it ______ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 5. Katy and Sandy live in ______ town, and they both get ______ e-mail a day. A. /; an B. the; an C. the; a D. /; the 6. （天津中考）--What do youthink of _______ film about Zhan Tianyou? --It’s _________ good film. A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a 7.（兰州中考）-- Who is ________ man in a black hat? -- It's Jim Brown. We often play ________ basketball together in our free time. A. an; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; / 二．数词练习题。 1. Now children, turn to page and look at the picture in Lesson Two. A. twentieth…one B. twenty…one C. twentieth…first D. twenty…first 2. We all think that century will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one 3. ---What do you think of a war, Lin Tao? ---I’ve no idea. But it’s a fact that people had to leave their home during the War. A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands 4. It is said that SARS has killed more than people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred 5. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a one. A. three B. third C. fourth D.（不填） 一．单项选择. 1. ---What’s the matter with you? ---I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed. A. a; (不填) B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the 2. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 3. ______earth we live on is bigger than moon. A. The; a B. The; the C. An; a D. An; the 4. ---Remember this, children. careful you are, mistakes you will make. ---We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less 5. There’s “h” in the word “hour”. A. a B. the C. an D. 不填 6. ---Did you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou? --- Yes, I had wonderful time. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 7. If you don’t mind, pass me apple, please. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 8. I am reading novel. It is interesting story. A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an 9. My uncle isn’t old man, and he likes playing football. A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. an; / 10. The boys and girls often play football in afternoon. A. /; an B. the; an C. /; the D. a; the _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 语法选择 The population problem may be the 1 one of the world today. The world’s population is growing 2 . Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people 3 the earth. Four hundred years ago, the number was 4 500 million. But at the beginning of the 5 century, the world’s population was about 1, 700 million. In 1970, the number was 3, 600 million. In 1990, the number was five billion. A 6 report said that the world’s population 7 six billion by the end of the 20th century. This is just ten 8 after it 9 five billion. The UN estimated(估计)the world’s population will grow by more than 10 by the year 2050. 1. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. greating 2. A. faster and faster B. fast and fast C. fastest and fastest D. faster and fast 3. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. A. little B. more C. almost D. over 5. A. twenty B. twelve C. twentieth D. twelfth 6. A. USA B. UN C. PRC D. PLA 7. A. past B. had passed C. passed D. passes 8. A. weeks B. months C. seasons D. years 9. A. get B. gets C. reached D. reach 10. A. a three B. one thirds C. one of three D. a third 二．完型填空. Today more and more people live in cities . So there is usually little room in a city to grow food . 1 of the land in a city is used 2 homes , shops , roads and parks . Most food for city people is grown in the country . It is often brought to the city by 3 , train and plane . Some food 4 comes into the city by car Water is 5 thing that we get from the country . Everyone needs water every day . We use a little of it for 6 , but we use even more to 7 bathtubs(浴缸)for showers(淋雨) and to wash streets . The water used in cities comes mostly from the rain . But people 8 not use the rain that falls on cities . The rain becomes dirty as it falls through dirty air . Once it hits city buildings or streets , the rain will pick up more dirt. It is nor good for drinking or bathing So cities must reach out to the 9 country for water there . The rain falls through air onto trees and grass. The fallen rain runs 10 rivers and lakes . So it is important to keep both cities and the country clean . ( ) 1 A Some B Most C Many D Few ( ) 2 A for B of C by D from ( ) 3 A truck B bike C car D motorbike ( ) 4 A ever B even C still D once ( ) 5 A one B other C others D another ( ) 6 A eating B drinking C washing D watering ( ) 7 A fill B fall C full D drop ( ) 8 A need B may C can D must ( ) 9 A clean B tidy C clear D nice ( ) 10 A down B along C in D into 三．阅读理解。 A India has a population of about 1. 28 billion. Its population is the second largest in the world. China has the largest population of over 1. 36 billion. One out of six people on this planet lives in India. Although the crown(王冠)of the world’s most populous(人口稠密的)country is on China’s head for ten years, India will take the position by 2030. With the population growth rate(率)at 1. 58%, India will have more than 1. 53 billion people by the end of 2030. Now more than 50% of India’s population is below the age of 25 and over 65% below the age of 35. About 72. 2% of the population lives in some 638, 000 villages. Some of the reasons for India’s quickly growing population are poverty, illiteracy(无知), decrease in death rates and immigration(移民)from Bangladesh and Nepal. India started taking measures to stop the growth rate quite early. India had the “National Family Planning Program” in 1952. It became the first country in the world to have a population policy. However, it failed to reach the final goal(目标). 1. The population of India is about ______ now. A. 1. 58 billion B. 1. 53 billion C. 1. 36 billion D. 1. 28 billion 2. The underlined word “position” means“ ______”in Chinese. A. 麻烦 B. 现象 C. 位置 D. 考验 3. Over 65% of India’s population is below the age of______. A. 25 B. 35 C. 45 D. 55 4. ______is not the reason for India’s quickly growing population. A. Poverty B. Illiteracy C. Increase in death rates D. Immigration 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A. India’s population growth rate is 1. 58%. B. One out of seven people on the earth lives in India. C. About 72. 2% of India’s population lives in the city. D. In 1953, India started the “National Family Planning Program”. B The one-child policy in our country has made most families much smaller than before . That is to say , there are fewer children in a family . But the population of China is still growing faster . Why ? In fact , it’s a serious problem not only in China , but also in the whole world . It’s reported that the world population is expected to reach 9,200,000,000 by 2050. There are two important reasons . First , there are still more and more babies born every year . Next , people in the world can live much longer than before The earth is too tired, but it has to burden(负担) more in the future . Who can save her ? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案 ( ) 1 The passage tells is that the whole world is suffering from (为、、苦恼)the ______ A pollution B population C flood D hunger ( ) 2 The underlined word “expect” means ________ in the sentence A 希望 B 祝愿 C 期待 D 预测 ( ) 3 The population of the world will be about ________ by the year 2050 A 92 million B 92 billion C 9.2 billion D 9.2 million ( ) 4 Which of the following is NOT true ? A .The population of China is still growing B .The number of women keeps growing these years C. It’s difficult for us to control(控制) the population in a few years D. One of the reason for the population problem is that people can live longer than before ( ) 5 Which id the best title for the passage ? A . China’s population B . The Family Planning C . The population problem D . China’s One-Child Policy
Module 9语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 熟练掌握本模块语法知识。 冠词： 是限定的一种词，不能单独使用，常用于修饰名词。冠词有三种形式：不定冠词（a/an）, 定冠词（the）和零冠词（/）。 ● 1.不定冠词的用法 不定冠词用来修饰可数名词单数，指人或物种的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人何物。 不定冠词的常见用法有： ①表示“一个”的概念。 Population is a big problem for cities . ②表示“每一“的概念，相当于every 。 I watch TV once a week . ③首次提到的某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。 A student wants to ask you some questions ④某些固定短语中，要用不定冠词。 have a good time have a look have a rest ●2.定冠词的用法 ①指前文中提到过的人或物。 I have a dog . The dog is black . ②特指某人或某物。 The girl with long hair is my younger sister . ③指说话双方都知道的人或物 I had to write the same report last term . ④用于专有名词前。 the Great Wall the Pacific Ocean ⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 the sun the moon ⑥用于姓氏复数形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。 the Smiths ⑦用于形容词最高级前。 the biggest city ⑧用于序数词前。the first boy ⑨用于西洋乐器名词前。 play the piano ⑩某些形容词前加定冠词 the ，表示一类人或物 。the young the old ⑾用于某些固定短语中 : in the morning the day after tomorrow ●3.零冠词的用法 ①在球类活动，学科名词前以及节日，月份，星期前不用冠词。 Tom can play volleyball . ②名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或数词等作定语时名词前不用冠词 There are many books in her schoolbag. ③在某些固定短语或习惯用语中不用冠词 by bus have breakfast at home at night 『注意』: 在某些短语中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。 in hospital in the hospital at table at the table in class in the class 数字 : 分为基数词和序数词。本模块中，我们重点学习数字的读法。在英语中，每三位数字为一个单位，按照百，十，个位向下读。而进位的读法则为thousand, million , billion向上递增。 数次的常见用法： ①分数表达法 在英语中，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子是1时，分母用原形；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。 1/3 ： one thirds 2/3 : two thirds ②百分数的表达 百分数用percent 表示，符号为% 如： 5% 读作 five present . 1.—Do you play ______ piano in your free time? —No, I like sports. I often play ______ soccer with my friends. /; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; a 2.This is______interesting movie and it’s also______most interesting one I’ve ever seen. A.an;a B.an;the C.a;the D. a;a 3. _____ man in a black hat is my PE teacher. He often plays ______ football with us. A. A; the B. The; a C. The; / D. A; / 4 She will have______ chance to go to______ college for a further education. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a;/ 5. _______ Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang A A B An C The D / 冠词专项练习: 选择正确的答案。 1. — What does your father do?— He is ______ art teacher. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. — Are you having ______ good time?— Yes, but I’m feeling tired. I want to have __ rest. A. a; / B. /; a C. a; a D. the; a 3. Look at ______ skirt! I bought it for Mum on Mother’s Day. Isn’t it nice? A. a B. the C. an D. / 4. This is ______ song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it ______ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 5. Katy and Sandy live in ______ town, and they both get ______ e-mail a day. A. /; an B. the; an C. the; a D. /; the 6. （天津中考）--What do youthink of _______ film about Zhan Tianyou? --It’s _________ good film. A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a 7.（兰州中考）-- Who is ________ man in a black hat? -- It's Jim Brown. We often play ________ basketball together in our free time. A. an; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; / 二．数词练习题。 1. Now children, turn to page and look at the picture in Lesson Two. A. twentieth…one B. twenty…one C. twentieth…first D. twenty…first 2. We all think that century will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one 3. ---What do you think of a war, Lin Tao? ---I’ve no idea. But it’s a fact that people had to leave their home during the War. A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands 4. It is said that SARS has killed more than people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred 5. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a one. A. three B. third C. fourth D.（不填） 一．单项选择. 1. ---What’s the matter with you? ---I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed. A. a; (不填) B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the 2. ---Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ---Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 3. ______earth we live on is bigger than moon. A. The; a B. The; the C. An; a D. An; the 4. ---Remember this, children. careful you are, mistakes you will make. ---We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less 5. There’s “h” in the word “hour”. A. a B. the C. an D. 不填 6. ---Did you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou? --- Yes, I had wonderful time. A. a B. an C. the D.不填 7. If you don’t mind, pass me apple, please. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 8. I am reading novel. It is interesting story. A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an 9. My uncle isn’t old man, and he likes playing football. A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. an; / 10. The boys and girls often play football in afternoon. A. /; an B. the; an C. /; the D. a; the _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 语法选择 The population problem may be the 1 one of the world today. The world’s population is growing 2 . Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people 3 the earth. Four hundred years ago, the number was 4 500 million. But at the beginning of the 5 century, the world’s population was about 1, 700 million. In 1970, the number was 3, 600 million. In 1990, the number was five billion. A 6 report said that the world’s population 7 six billion by the end of the 20th century. This is just ten 8 after it 9 five billion. The UN estimated(估计)the world’s population will grow by more than 10 by the year 2050. 1. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. greating 2. A. faster and faster B. fast and fast C. fastest and fastest D. faster and fast 3. A. in B. on C. at D. for 4. A. little B. more C. almost D. over 5. A. twenty B. twelve C. twentieth D. twelfth 6. A. USA B. UN C. PRC D. PLA 7. A. past B. had passed C. passed D. passes 8. A. weeks B. months C. seasons D. years 9. A. get B. gets C. reached D. reach 10. A. a three B. one thirds C. one of three D. a third 二．完型填空. Today more and more people live in cities . So there is usually little room in a city to grow food . 1 of the land in a city is used 2 homes , shops , roads and parks . Most food for city people is grown in the country . It is often brought to the city by 3 , train and plane . Some food 4 comes into the city by car Water is 5 thing that we get from the country . Everyone needs water every day . We use a little of it for 6 , but we use even more to 7 bathtubs(浴缸)for showers(淋雨) and to wash streets . The water used in cities comes mostly from the rain . But people 8 not use the rain that falls on cities . The rain becomes dirty as it falls through dirty air . Once it hits city buildings or streets , the rain will pick up more dirt. It is nor good for drinking or bathing So cities must reach out to the 9 country for water there . The rain falls through air onto trees and grass. The fallen rain runs 10 rivers and lakes . So it is important to keep both cities and the country clean . ( ) 1 A Some B Most C Many D Few ( ) 2 A for B of C by D from ( ) 3 A truck B bike C car D motorbike ( ) 4 A ever B even C still D once ( ) 5 A one B other C others D another ( ) 6 A eating B drinking C washing D watering ( ) 7 A fill B fall C full D drop ( ) 8 A need B may C can D must ( ) 9 A clean B tidy C clear D nice ( ) 10 A down B along C in D into 三．阅读理解。 A India has a population of about 1. 28 billion. Its population is the second largest in the world. China has the largest population of over 1. 36 billion. One out of six people on this planet lives in India. Although the crown(王冠)of the world’s most populous(人口稠密的)country is on China’s head for ten years, India will take the position by 2030. With the population growth rate(率)at 1. 58%, India will have more than 1. 53 billion people by the end of 2030. Now more than 50% of India’s population is below the age of 25 and over 65% below the age of 35. About 72. 2% of the population lives in some 638, 000 villages. Some of the reasons for India’s quickly growing population are poverty, illiteracy(无知), decrease in death rates and immigration(移民)from Bangladesh and Nepal. India started taking measures to stop the growth rate quite early. India had the “National Family Planning Program” in 1952. It became the first country in the world to have a population policy. However, it failed to reach the final goal(目标). 1. The population of India is about ______ now. A. 1. 58 billion B. 1. 53 billion C. 1. 36 billion D. 1. 28 billion 2. The underlined word “position” means“ ______”in Chinese. A. 麻烦 B. 现象 C. 位置 D. 考验 3. Over 65% of India’s population is below the age of______. A. 25 B. 35 C. 45 D. 55 4. ______is not the reason for India’s quickly growing population. A. Poverty B. Illiteracy C. Increase in death rates D. Immigration 5. Which of the following is TRUE? A. India’s population growth rate is 1. 58%. B. One out of seven people on the earth lives in India. C. About 72. 2% of India’s population lives in the city. D. In 1953, India started the “National Family Planning Program”. B The one-child policy in our country has made most families much smaller than before . That is to say , there are fewer children in a family . But the population of China is still growing faster . Why ? In fact , it’s a serious problem not only in China , but also in the whole world . It’s reported that the world population is expected to reach 9,200,000,000 by 2050. There are two important reasons . First , there are still more and more babies born every year . Next , people in the world can live much longer than before The earth is too tired, but it has to burden(负担) more in the future . Who can save her ? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案 ( ) 1 The passage tells is that the whole world is suffering from (为、、苦恼)the ______ A pollution B population C flood D hunger ( ) 2 The underlined word “expect” means ________ in the sentence A 希望 B 祝愿 C 期待 D 预测 ( ) 3 The population of the world will be about ________ by the year 2050 A 92 million B 92 billion C 9.2 billion D 9.2 million ( ) 4 Which of the following is NOT true ? A .The population of China is still growing B .The number of women keeps growing these years C. It’s difficult for us to control(控制) the population in a few years D. One of the reason for the population problem is that people can live longer than before ( ) 5 Which id the best title for the passage ? A . China’s population B . The Family Planning C . The population problem D . China’s One-Child Policy
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