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2022-2023学年第二学期八年级英语开学测试练习（1）
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这是一份2022-2023学年第二学期八年级英语开学测试练习（1），共21页。试卷主要包含了全卷满分90分，cm，2级地震，震源深度10公里等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年第二学期八年级英语开学测试练习（1）
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Kitty is such _________ honest student that I can always believe what she says.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．—What do you think of the film The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—I think it’s _________ film that I have ever seen.
A．the most exciting B．the most excited C．more exciting D．more excited
3．We should do _________ talking and some more work. Actions speak louder than words.
A．much B．more C．less D．little
4．Facing trouble, we shouldn’t ________. Instead, we need to keep on working hard.
A．put up B．give up C．cheer up D．take up
5．—What do you think of Max?
—He is funny and often makes us _________.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughed D．laughing
6．—Where will you go during the Spring Festival?
—I have no idea. We _________ go to Nanjing Gingko Lake Park. It’s a good place to have fun.
A．may B．must C．should D．need
7．Chinese player Su Bingtian made history this summer in the 100-meter running _________ at the Tokyo Olympic Games.
A．discussion B．vacation C．competition D．instruction
8．You had better ask the children _________ with water in the garden. It’s dangerous.
A．not to play B．to play C．not play D．don’t play
9．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Ice cream tastes nice.”?
A．Snow is falling down. B．Autumn leaves turn brown.
C．Children like flying kites in spring. D．We can see people make snowmen in winter.
10． I was watching CCTV news at home when my cousin ________ me.
A．is ringing B．was ringing
C．ring D．rang
11．She didn’t know _________ to do when the boy was ill.
A．where B．which C．what D．how
12．You can call me ________ 78653487 or e-mail me ________ happy@126.com.
A．in; on B．on; at C．on; on D．at; at
13．Vivian worked very hard at all her lessons. _________, she became the top student in her class.
A．In order to B．For example C．As usual D．As a result
14．The suffix in the word “healthy” means “_________”.
A．having the quality of B．full of C．without D．not
15．—It’s reported that three firemen lost their lives in the big fire.
—_________.
A．I’m sorry to hear that B．Not at all C．It doesn’t matter D．I’m afraid
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once upon a time, the greatest treasure in the world was hidden in the box. The box was inside a hole and no one knew what it was, so all the ____16____ were looking for this treasure. The monkey, snake, elephant and each of ____17____ in their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.
They worked day by day and everyone thought they did a(n)____18____ job. The monkey found the key to the ____19____ in a tree; the snake found the map under some stones and the elephant tried to ____20____ a stone which stood in the way to the hole.
However, they got nothing because all of them tried to find the box on their own without others’ ____21____.
A tiger realized this and brought the animals together to work ____22____ a team. The animals took his ____23____ and after many difficulties, they got the box.
____24____ they opened it, there was just one piece of paper inside. It said, “if you have gotten this paper, then you have already found _____25_____ treasure in the world: friendship.” The animals thought this was true, so they were good friends for life.
16．A．elephants B．animals C．monkeys D．tigers
17．A．it B．you C．them D．us
18．A．perfect B．secret C．terrible D．boring
19．A．box B．forest C．door D．home
20．A．buy B．draw C．move D．count
21．A．money B．action C．time D．help
22．A．in B．with C．for D．as
23．A．key B．way C．map D．advice
24．A．Before B．Because C．When D．While
25．A．the greatest B．the cheapest C．bigger D．heavier
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Disaster—shipwrecks（沉船）
Ship
TITANIC
RMS Rhone
MARY ROSE
LUSITANIA
Date of sinking
15th April, 1912
29th October, 1867
19th July, 1545
7th May, 1915
Weight
47,071 tons
2,782 tons
710 tons
30,884 tons
How it happened
The Titanic sank after crashing into an iceberg.
The British RMS Rhone sank off Salt Island, during a huge hurricane.
A strong gust of wind, or possibly a heavy French cannon ball(加农炮), tipped the Mary Rose over into the water.
The Lusitania was hit by a torpedo(鱼雷)from a German U-boat.
How many died
1,503
Unknown
411
1,198
Wreck site
4 kilometers under the sea on the south-east of Newfoundland, Canada.
24 meters down just off Peter Island in the Caribbean.
12 meters below the Solent, England.
90 meters below the sea level off the Old Head of Kinsale in Ireland.
26．Which is the heaviest ship?A．The Titanic. B．The RMS Rhone. C．The Mary Rose. D．The Lusitania.
27．Why did the Mary Rose sink into the water?
A．She crashed against an iceberg. B．She sank during a huge hurricane.
C．A torpedo from a German U-boat hit her. D．Maybe a French cannon ball turned her over.
28．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．We know the places of the four sinking ships.
B．We know three ships were from the 20th century.
C．We know the bad weather caused the four shipwrecks.
D．We know the number of people died in the shipwrecks.
B
Welcome to Burton Safari Park. Burton is one of Europe’s oldest wildlife parks. Here you can see wild animals from all over the world — and they’re not in cages. Before we start, we have some information for the animal’s safety and for your own. First, please stay in your car at all times. If there is an emergency (紧急情况) or your car breaks down, please use your horn (喇叭) and lights and a person will come and help you. If you would like to stop, please do so on the left side of the road, so the traffic will pass on the right.
Please don’t feed the animals. Our animals are fed on special diets and your food could make them ill or even kill them.
We’re starting our tour with some of Burton’s most interesting animals, our four white rhinos (犀牛) from South Africa. The white rhino doesn’t get its name from its colour; the African word white means wild. The white rhino has a wide mouth and it helps the animal to eat grass. Sadly, there are very few white rhinos left because humans hunt them for their valuable horns (角). They can be made into things like handles (柄，把手) for knives.
29．Who is the speaker?
A．A guide. B．A tourist. C．A climber. D．A chairperson.
30．Which sentence is TRUE about Burton?
A．It’s a new wildlife park. B．Animals in Burton are kept in cages.
C．Traffic there keeps to the left. D．Visitors can feed the animals there.
31．What do we know about the white rhino?
A．It gets its name from its colour. B．It has a wide nose.
C．It is a rare animal. D．People hunt it for its fur.
C
He was the only gray cub (灰色幼崽) of the she-wolf. The other cubs had red in their hair. He was gray like his father. He was the strongest cub. He showed more anger than his brothers and sisters. He made more noise.
His father and mother live mainly upon meat. In his first month of life, he lives on mother’s milk. And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for about a week, he began to eat meat himself.
There came a time when there was no meat. For many days the cubs did not eat. They were too weak and tired to play. One-Eye, the cub’s father, was killed in the fight over food. Even the she-wolf left home to find meat. But there was nothing. One by one, the cubs died. Only the she-wolf and gray cub were left.
One day the gray cub ran out to hunt for his own food. He met a weasel (鼬) of his size. The rat—like animal ran at him and bit his throat (喉咙). He was nearly dead when the she-wolf arrived just in time to kill and eat the weasel.
The gray cub was not good at hunting yet, and still needed food from his mother. One day, the she-wolf brought him a lynx kitten (小山猫). While eating, he heard great noise. The kitten’s mother had followed the she-wolf here. The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight, and they would fight to the death. The gray cub ran forward and bit one of her legs. This was enough to give the she-wolf the time she needed. The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt. For about a week, she didn’t move. The gray cub had to find food for both of them.
Without his mother to take care of him, he learnt what life was about. Without meat there was no life. Animals had to eat other animals to live. The law was：EAT OR BE EATEN.
—Taken from White Fang
32．The gray cub was _________ than his brothers and sisters.
A．stronger and redder B．weaker and grayer
C．weaker and quieter D．stronger and grayer
33．When did the gray cub start to eat meat himself?
A．At one year old. B．At birth.
C．At one month old. D．At one week old.
34．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight.
B．The gray cub saw they would fight to the death.
C．The gray cub ran forward and bit one of the lynx’s legs.
D．The gray cub had to find food for Mother and himself.
35．According to the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________.
A．the law of meat was to eat all the other animals
B．life was difficult for the she-wolf and the gray cub
C．the gray cub’s brothers and sisters died from fights
D．the gray cub was good at hunting weasels and lynx kittens
D
Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana, Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can’t get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resource（自然资源）on the earth.
Water covers 70 percent of the earth’s surface（表面）．But most of that is sea water.We can’t use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only one percent of the earth’s surface.
You probably feel lucky that your life isn’t as hard as Napoga’s, But that doesn’t mean you don’t have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. Now, thirty-four percent of all kinds of fish are dying out.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won’t have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water.
·Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters（升）each month.
·Leaky taps（漏水的龙头）waste a lot of water. Fix them right away.
·You can easily cut your 10-minute showers in half, and you’ll be just as clean.
·When you wash dishes, don’t let the water run.
·Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn’t full, you are wasting water!
36．Why can’t Napoga go to school?
A．Because her family is poor.
B．Because she doesn’t like studying.
C．Because she has to take care of her little brother.
D．Because she has to get clean water for her family.
37．How many people live in short of water in the world?
A．Thousands of people B．Millions of people
C．Hundreds of people D．Billions of people.
38．From the passage, what information do we know about the water on the earth?
A．There is 70% of fresh water.
B．We don’t need to worry about water.
C．There is very little water for our living.
D．Sea water is more widely used than fresh water.
39．Acid rain ________.
A．is only bad for living things
B．can be produced in factories
C．doesn’t do harm to people, but it’s bad for plants, animals and buildings
D．doesn’t just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings
40．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．It’s time to take care of the water we use.
B．Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.
C．Something must be done to prevent water from being polluted.
D．Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．On Dec. 9, 2021, three Chinese spacemen gave an ________(令人激动的) science lesson from the Tiangong space station.
42．When we learn some new words, we can make ________（句子）to practice them.
43．I know him very well because we were neighbors for ________（将近）10 years in the past.
44．The Chinese _______（政府）will build 1,000 sports parks around the country by 2025.
45．With great difficulty, the _______（渔民）pulled his small boat close to the reef.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．Everyone should know the ________ (important) of wetlands.
47．Nanjing is a good place to enjoy ________ (nature) beauty in each season.
48．________ (human) should try to protect animals because they are our friends.
49．The government should stop school bus accidents from ________ (happen) again.
50．It’s ________ (possible) for people to finish the difficult work in such a short time.
C）请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
the biggest danger do our best disasters turning off lights worrying
Climate change is one of the most _____51_____ things for our planet. Many scientists say it is _____52_____ we face. I read about it almost every day. That climate change is changing the earth forever. Many kinds of animals, such as fish, insects, frogs, are dying. Places are getting warmer, or colder, or having more and more _____53_____. We all need to _____54_____ so that climate change can not destroy us. Doing simple things like _____55_____ can be helpful.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
No matter (无论) where you are, you can see birds. Here are some birdwatching tips that make it possible to find and get a good look at more birds.
Keep ________
Birds are easily startled (受惊) by loud noises and will fly to cover. It is almost impossible to get close to a bird, because birds hear much better than human beings do. By making less noise, you can get much closer to a bird. A new bird watcher, when seeing an especially beautiful bird, will shout: “WOW! LOOK AT THAT! IT’S RIGHT OVER THERE!” However, the same message can be whispered. The result is that the bird is more likely to stay there for everyone to see, for a long look.
Avoid sudden movements
Just as loud noises startle birds, so does a sudden movement. Getting close to a bird means following it, moving slowly. A sudden movement, even when swinging your binoculars up to your eyes, can make a bird nervous enough to fly away.
Be ________
Some birds are always flying here and there, some are jumping up and down. It takes long time to wait for the birds to show themselves. A sparrow jumping around in a bush will finally move into a place where you can get a good look.
Try pishing
Sometimes, no matter how slowly and quietly you move, you just cannot get a good look at the bird. When this happens, bird watchers try a skill called pishing. A low whistled pish by blowing air through your closed teeth can attract (吸引) small birds to the watching place. Here’s how to pish: Clench (咬紧) your teeth, open your lips and whisper the word pish.
Just go outside and look around. Use these tips to see more birds and have fun!
Tips for birdwatching
If you want to have a close look at birds, you should ____56____ these tips.
Keep ____57____
»Birds will fly away to ____58____ from loud noise.
»It is better to speak in a low ____59____ when seeing beautiful birds.
Avoid sudden movements
»Moving ____60____ will make birds startled.
»Birds will feel ____61____ about a small movement like swinging binoculars.
Be ____62____
»It takes time to watch the birds.
»Keep ____63____, and a sparrow will jump into the place for you to watch.
Try pishing
»Sometimes you move slowly and quietly, ____64____ you still can’t watch the birds carefully.
»Pishing is a _____65_____ to help attract birds.
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers. I was s____66____ to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明).
Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time. It might be easy to c____67____ fire. Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop. Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees. This turned out to be a pretty bright i____68____.
A____69____ cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873. Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold. Chester had a c____70____ idea. He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned. His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩). Greenwood’s one good idea p____71____ jobs for people in the Farmington area.
Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E. Knight b____72____ a small-town hero. She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12. Her brothers were working at a cloth factory. One day she was visiting them. A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker. She thought she could make the machines safer. She invented an effective(高效的) system. Her method(方法) was later used in many factories. She saved a lot of l____73____.
Some young people feel powerless. They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults. But the t____74____ is that everyone has the power to change the world. A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer. A 15-year-old boy, blind in b____75____ eyes, made written communication more accessible. Who knows what’s in store for your future?
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．2021年12月22日，常州市天宁区发生了4.2级地震，震源深度10公里。苏锡常震感明显，沪宁亦有震感。为此英语老师安排了主题延伸课，探讨如遇地震，该怎样保障自己的生命安全。请根据以下要点，写一篇发言稿。
When
22 December, 2021
What
an earthquake
Where
Changzhou
How to protect ourselves
(1) stay calm
(2) cut down the power
(3) protect the head
(4) …
(1) stand near a window
(2) return to get things
(3) give up easily
(4) …
注意：1. 内容涵盖表中所有要点，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数80左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：基蒂是一个如此诚实的学生，我总能相信她的话。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指，/零冠词。此处是such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句，其中honest以元音音素开头，其前应加an。故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《长津湖之战》怎么样？——我认为这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。
考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。 exciting激动人心的；excited感到激动的。此处修饰“film”，用exciting，排除BD；根据“I think it’s...film that I have ever seen.”可知，看过的电影不止两部，此处强调是最激动人心的。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：我们应该少说话，多做点事。行胜于言。
考查形容词辨析和形容词比较级。much许多，修饰不可数名词；more更多，修饰比较级；less更少，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词talking，结合“some more work”可知，此处用形容词比较级。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：面对困难，我们不应该放弃。相反，我们需要继续努力。
考查动词短语。put up举起；give up放弃；cheer up高兴起来；take up开始从事；根据下文“Instead, we need to keep on working hard.”可知，空处表示不应该放弃。故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：——你认为Max怎么样？——他很有趣，经常让我们发笑。
考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，省略(to)的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。
6．A
【详解】句意：——春节期间你将去哪里？——我不知道。我们可能去南京银杏湖公园。这是个好玩的好地方。
考查情态动词。may可能；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“I have no idea.”可知，尚未计划好春节行程，可能会去南京银杏湖公园。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：今年夏天，中国选手苏炳添在东京奥运会的100米跑比赛中创造了历史。
考查名词辨析。discussion讨论；vacation假期；competition比赛；instruction指导。根据“in the 100-meter running...at the Tokyo Olympic Games”可知，是100米跑比赛，故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：你最好叫孩子们不要在花园里玩水。这是危险的。
考查非谓语动词。ask sb (not) to do sth“让某人（不要）做某事”，根据“It’s dangerous.”可知，是危险的，所以不要做。故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：下面哪个句子和 “冰激凌尝起来很好” 有相同的句子结构？
考查句子结构。Snow is falling down.下雪了。句子结构为主+谓；Autumn leaves turn brown.秋叶变成褐色。句子结构为主系表结构；Children like flying kites in spring.孩子们喜欢在春天放风筝。句子结构为主+谓+宾；We can see people make snowmen in winter.在冬天我们能看见人们堆雪人。句子结构为主+谓+宾+宾补；分析句子“Ice cream tastes nice.冰激凌尝起来很好吃。”可知，句子结构为主系表结构；分析选项可知，选项B“Autumn leaves turn brown.秋叶变成褐色。”也是一个主系表结构的句子，turn相当于系动词。故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：当我的表弟给我打电话时，我正在家里看中央电视台的新闻。
考查动词的时态。句子含when引导的时间状语从句，根据“I was watching CCTV news at home”可知，主句用的过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，动词ring用过去式rang。故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：孩子生病时，她不知道该怎么办。
考查词义辨析。where哪里；which哪个；what什么；how如何。根据“She didn’t know...to do when the boy was ill.”可知，是不知道该做什么，故选C。
12．D
【详解】句意：你可以拨打电话78653487给我，或给我发电子邮件到happy@126.com。
考查介词的用法。in在……里面；on在……上面；at在（某小地点），向，朝。电话号码前和电子邮箱地址前均用介词at。call sb. at+电话号码，表示“拨打某个号码给某人”；e-mail sb. at +电子邮件地址，表示“给某人发送电子邮件到某地址”。故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：维维安所有功课都很努力。结果，她成了班里的尖子生。
考查短语辨析。In order to为了；For example例如；As usual像平常一样；As a result因此。根据“Vivian worked very hard at all her lessons.”可知，她努力学习，因此成为班上的尖子生。故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：“健康”一词中的后缀表示“具有……性质”。
考查单词后缀。having the quality of具有……性质；full of充满；without没有；not不。healthy的后缀是-y，在英语构词法中指的是某名词具有某种性质。故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：——据报道，三名消防员在大火中丧生。——听到这个我很难过。
考查情景交际。I’m sorry to hear that听到这个我很难过；Not at all根本不；It doesn’t matter没关系；I’m afraid我恐怕。根据“three firemen lost their lives in the big fire”可知，消防员丧生是令人悲伤的消息，所以听到很难过。故选A。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了猴子，蛇以及大象等动物寻找宝箱的故事。
16．句意：所以所有的动物都在寻找宝藏。
elephants大象；animals动物；monkeys猴子；tigers 老虎。根据下文“The monkeys, snakes, elephants…”可知，此处讲的是猴子，蛇以及大象等动物寻找宝箱的故事，所以应用animals，故选B。
17．句意：猴子、蛇、大象和他们每个在各自的搜索中都知道一个可以提供盒子信息的部分。
it它；you你，你们；them他们；us我们。根据“their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.”可知，应该是它们中每一个人自己的寻找在引向箱子的过程中都起着作用，此处用they的宾格them，故选C。
18．句意：他们日复一日地工作，每个人都认为他们做得很好。
perfect完美的；secret秘密的；terrible可怕的；boring,无聊的。根据上文“The monkey, snake, elephant and each of … in their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.”可知，它们中每一个人自己的寻找在引向箱子的过程中都起着作用，可知他们在做一个完美的工作，故选A。
19．句意：猴子在树上找到了盒子的钥匙。
box盒子；forest森林；door门；home家。根据上“that could provide information about the box.”可知，猴子在一棵树中发现了箱子的钥匙，故选A。
20．句意：蛇在一些石头下面找到了地图，大象试图移动一块挡住通往洞口的石头。
buy买；draw画；move移动；count数数。根据下文”stood in the way”可知,这块石头需要被移走,句意：大象尽力去移动挡在通往山洞的石头。故选C。
21．句意：然而，他们一无所获，因为他们都试图在没有他人帮助的情况下自己找到这个盒子。
money钱；action行动；time时间；help帮助。根据下文 “A tiger realized this and brought the animals together to work”可知，因为他们都试图在没有别人帮助的情况下自己找到那个盒子。故选D。
22．句意：一只老虎意识到了这一点，于是把动物们召集到一起，组成了一个团队。
in在……里；with带有，具有；for为了；as作为；根据上文“However, they got nothing because all of them tried to find the box on their own without others’ …”可知。老虎意识到这一点，它把所有的动物聚集在一起，团队合作，作为一个团队，故选D。
23．句意：动物们接受了他的建议，经过许多困难之后，他们得到了这个盒子。
key钥匙；way方法，道路；map地图；advice建议。短语take one’s advice“采取某人的建议”，是固定短语，故选D。
24．句意：当它们打开箱子的时候，在里面有一张纸条。
Before在…前；Because因为；When当…的 时候；While当……的时候。根据题意，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选C。
25．句意：你已经找到了世界上最宝贵的财富：“友谊”。
the greatest最大的；the cheapest最便宜的；bigger更大的；heavier更重的。根据“in the world“可知要用最高级，此处是已经发现了世界上最大的财富：友谊。故选A。
26．A 27．D 28．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了沉船事件，介绍了发生的时间；船重；发生的原因；死亡人数；失事地点等。
26．细节理解题。根据表格中“TITANIC Weight 47,071 tons”可知，TITANIC是最重的，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据表格中“MARY ROSE A strong gust of wind, or possibly a heavy French cannon ball（加农炮）, tipped the Mary Rose over into the water.”可知，也许是法国炮弹把她打翻了，故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一个表格中“Wreck site 4 kilometers under the sea on the south-east of Newfoundland, Canada.；24 meters down just off Peter Island in the Caribbean.；12 meters below the Solent, England.；90 meters below the sea level off the Old Head of Kinsale in Ireland.”可知，我们知道四艘沉船的位置。故选A。
29．A 30．C 31．C
【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲了一些Burton野生动物园的一些注意事项及园中最有趣的动物——白犀牛，介绍了白犀牛的名字来源及其生存现状。
29．推理判断题。根据第1段中“Before we start, we have some information for the animal’s safety and for your own.”及第3段中“We’re starting our tour with some of Burton’s most interesting animals”可知这个人先介绍了注意事项接着开始介绍野生动物，应该是一名导游。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第1段中“Burton is one of Europe’s oldest wildlife parks.”可知Burton是一座古老的野生动物园，A项错误；根据第1段中“First, please stay in your car at all times.”可推出动物并没有被关在笼子里，B项错误；根据第1段中“If you would like to stop, please do so on the left side of the road, so the traffic will pass on the right.”可推出交通靠左，C项正确；根据第2段中“Please don’t feed the animals.”可知游客不能喂那儿的动物，D项错误。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第3段中“Sadly, there are very few white rhinos left”可知白犀牛是一种稀有动物。故选C。
32．D 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一只灰色的狼崽在弱肉强食的丛林中历经磨难，慢慢成长起来，逐渐懂得了生活的意义。“要么吃，要么被吃掉”，这就是严酷的丛林法则。
32．细节理解题。根据“He was the only gray cub (灰色幼崽) of the she-wolf. The other cubs had red in their hair. He was the strongest cub.”可知， 它比其他狼崽更强壮，更灰。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for about a week, he began to eat meat himself.”可知，这只灰色的幼崽是一个月大的时候开始吃肉的。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据上文“The gray cub ran forward and bit one of her legs.”可知，灰色的幼崽向前跑，咬住了母猞猁的一条腿。由此推断，此处的this指的就是灰狼崽咬住了母猞猁的腿。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据文章叙述“The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt.”可知，母狼和这只灰狼为了食物，身负重伤，甚至冒着生命危险。由此可推断，母狼和狼崽的生活非常艰难。故选B。
36．D 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．C
【分析】短文大意：水覆盖了地球表面的百分之70。但最重要的是海水。我们不能使用它。新鲜的水覆盖了地球表面只有百分之一。科学家们说，在30年，在世界上超过一半的人没有足够的干净的水。我们必须学会如何节省更多的水为我们自己和我们的孩子，本文详细地介绍了如何节省水资源。
36．细节理解题。根据“Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends”可知，因为她要为家人弄到干净的水，故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“Millions of people in the world are like Napoga”可知，世界上有数百万人像Napoga一样缺水，故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据“Fresh water covers only one percent of the earth’s surface”可知，淡水只覆盖了地球表面的百分之一，这意味着有很少的水供我们生活，故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings”可知，酸雨不仅对人类有害，对动物和植物都有害，故选D。
40．主旨大意题。本文通过阐述目前水资源短缺的情况来告诉我们保护环境，节约水的重要性，故选C。
41．exciting
【详解】句意：2021年12月9日，三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站上上了一节令人兴奋的科学课。“令人激动的”译为exciting，形容词作定语。故填exciting。
42．sentences
【详解】句意：当我们学习一些新单词时，我们可以造句子来练习它们。sentence“句子”，此处不止一个句子，应填名词的复数形式，故填sentences。
43．nearly
【详解】句意：我很了解他，因为我们做了近10年的邻居。nearly“将近”，故填nearly。
44．government
【详解】句意：到2025年，中国政府将在全国建1000个体育公园。government表示“政府”，题干指中国政府，因此填单数形式。故填government。
45．fisherman
【详解】句意：渔夫费了很大劲才把小船拉到礁石附近。fisherman表示“渔民”，根据“his”可知，应填单数形式。故填fisherman。
46．importance
【详解】句意：每个人都应该知道湿地的重要性。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词importance表示“重要性”，故填importance。
47．natural
【详解】句意：南京是每个季节欣赏自然美景的好地方。nature“自然”，名词，此处用其形容词natural“自然的”，作定语修饰名词beauty。故填natural。
48．Humans
【详解】句意：人类应该尽力保护动物，因为它们是我们的朋友。此处在句中作主语，表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填Humans。
49．happening
【详解】句意：政府应该阻止校车事故再次发生。from是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填happening。
50．impossible
【详解】句意：人们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的工作。possible“可能的”，形容词。根据“finish the difficult work in such a short time”可知，在短时间内完成艰巨的工作是不可能的。impossible“不可能的”，形容词，作表语。故填impossible。
51．worrying 52．the biggest danger 53．disasters 54．do our best 55．turning off lights
【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述地球令人担心的问题之一是气候变化。我们需要尽我们最大努力改变气候变化的现状，从简单的事做起是很有帮助的。
51．句意：地球令人担心的问题之一是气候变化。句子用“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。名词“things ”前用形容词修饰，根据后文“changing the earth forever”可知句子表达让人担忧的问题，用形容词 “worrying”。故填worrying。
52．句意：很多科学家说它是我们面临的最大的危险。根据“ it is”及“we face”可知定语从句的先行词是单数名词，最高级形式修饰名词，故而定语从句的关系代词“that”省去了。根据“face”句子表达“面临的危险”。故填the biggest danger。
53．句意：很多地方正在逐渐变暖或变冷，或者有越来越多的灾难。动词“having”后缺宾语。根据后文“climate change can not destroy us”可知句子表达气候变化引发越来越多的灾难，是复数概念，用复数名词“disasters”。故填disasters。
54．句意：我们需要尽我们最大努力以便气候变化不会毁了我们。表达“需要做某事”用短语“need to do”。根据“so that climate change can not destroy us”可知句子是建议大家努力改变气候变化问题，句子表达尽我们最大努力，用动词短语“do our best”。故填do our best。
55．句意：做简单的事，例如关灯，可以有所帮助。介词“like ”后缺宾语，根据“Doing simple things”可知表达做简单的事，“关灯”是其中一种，用动词短语“turning off lights”作宾语。故填turning off lights。
56．follow##use 57．quiet 58．hide 59．voice 60．suddenly 61．nervous 62．patient 63．waiting 64．but 65．skill
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些近距离赏鸟的方法。
56．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些近距离赏鸟的方法，所以如果我们想要近距离赏鸟的话，我们应该遵循或者使用本文提及的方法；遵循：follow，动词；使用：use，动词；情态动词should后的动词应用原形。故填follow/use。
57．根据第二段“Birds are easily startled by loud noises and will fly to cover.”可知，鸟类很容易受惊，然后飞走，所以如果我们想要近距离赏鸟的话就应该保持安静，因此第二空应填形容词“quiet（安静的）”作表语。故填quiet。
58．根据第二段“Birds are easily startled by loud noises and will fly to cover.”可知，鸟类很容易受惊，所以它们都会飞走以躲避噪音，hide from“躲避……”，因此此空应填不定式中的动词原形“hide”。故填hide。
59．根据第二段“However, the same message can be whispered. The result is that the bird is more likely to stay there for everyone to see, for a long look.”可知，如果人们小声说话的话，鸟类会更可能呆在原地让人们观赏，也就是说赏鸟的时候，人们最好小声说话，in a low voice“小声说话”。故填voice。
60．根据第三段“Just as loud noises startle birds, so does a sudden movement.”可知，正如巨大的噪音会吓到鸟一样，突然的动作也会吓到鸟，所以此空应填副词“suddenly（突然地）”修饰动词“move”，意为“突然地移动”。故填suddenly。
61．根据第三段“A sudden movement, even when swinging your binoculars up to your eyes, can make a bird nervous…”可知，突然的移动，甚至当你把双筒望远镜举到眼睛上时，都会使鸟感到紧张，所以此空应填形容词“nervous（紧张不安的）”作表语。故填nervous。
62．根据第四段中“It takes long time to wait for the birds to show themselves.”可知，等待鸟儿现身需要很长时间，所以赏鸟时人们要有耐心，因此此空应填形容词“patient（有耐心的）”作表语。故填patient。
63．根据第四段“A sparrow jumping around in a bush will finally move into a place where you can get a good look.”可知，一只在灌木丛中跳跃的麻雀最终会移动到一个你可以好好看一看的地方，也就是说只要继续等待的话麻雀就会跳到你面前供你观赏；再结合短语“keep doing sth.（继续做某事）”可知，此空应填动词“wait（等待）”的动名词形式waiting作宾语。故填waiting。
64．根据倒数第二段“Sometimes, no matter how slowly and quietly you move, you just cannot get a good look at the bird.”可知，有时候，无论你移动得多慢多安静，你都无法好好观赏这只鸟；由此可知，有时候，虽然你已经移动得很慢很安静了，但是你还是无法好好观赏鸟，所以这两者之间是转折关系，因此此空应填转折连词but。故填but。
65．根据倒数第二段“…bird watchers try a skill called pishing.”可知，“pishing”是一种赏鸟时可以用上的技能。故填skill。
66．(s)urprised##(s)hocked 67．(c)atch##(c)ause 68．(i)dea 69．(A)nother 70．(c)lever 71．(p)rovided 72．(b)ecame 73．(l)ives 74．(t)ruth 75．(b)oth
【导语】本文作者主要向我们介绍了几位年轻的小发明家的故事。
66．句意：得知年轻人创造了许多改变世界的发明，我感到震惊。根据“When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. ”可知，作者认为发明家都是一群灰白胡子的老人，所以得知是年轻人发明了很多东西时应是很吃惊/震惊，surprised/shocked符合语境。故填(s)urprised/(s)hocked。
67．句意：它可能很容易引起火灾。catch fire“着火”，固定短语；cause“引起”，to后跟动词原形构成动词不定式结构。故填(c)atch/(c)ause。
68．句意：这被证明是一个非常聪明的想法。根据“Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees.”和首字母可知，此处指“他把灯挂到圣诞树上”这种想法很聪明，idea“想法”，被a修饰用名词单数形式。故填(i)dea。
69．句意：另一个很酷的孩子，15岁的切斯特·格林伍德在1873年的一天滑冰。上文讲述了一个15岁的Albert Sadacca的小发明家的例子，此处是介绍另一个小发明家，所以用another表示“另一个”，故填(A)nother。
70．句意：切斯特有个聪明的的主意。根据“ He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned.”及首字母可知，他想到了一个聪明的办法解决问题，clever“聪明的”符合语境。故填(c)lever。
71．句意：格林伍德的一个好主意为法明顿地区的人们提供就业机会。根据“ jobs for people”及语境可知，此处指“给人们提供了工作”，provide sth for sb“提供某物给某人”，由“invented ”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(p)rovided。
72．句意：说到酷孩子，Margaret E. Knight是个小镇英雄。本句是主系表结构，结合首字母可知，此处指“是”，become符合语境，由made可知，时态一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(b)ecame。
73．句意：她救了很多人的生命。根据“She made her first life-saving device”及备选词可知，这是一个救命设备，life“生命”，a lot of 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填(l)ives。
74．句意：但事实是，每个人都有能力改变世界。根据“everyone has the power to change the world. ”及首字母可知，此处是反驳上文“一些年轻人感到无能为力。他们觉得自己生活在一个成年人为成年人创造的成人世界里”的观点，讲述的是真实的情况是什么样的，truth符合语境。故填(t)ruth。
75．句意：一个双目失明的15岁男孩，让书面交流变得更容易。根据“ blind in ...eyes”及首字母可知，此处指“双目失明”，也就是两只眼睛失明，both“两个”符合语境。故填(b)oth。
76．范文：
Hi, everyone! We all know that on December 22, 2021, an earthquake happened in Tianning District, Changzhou City. What should you do if this happens? An earthquake is dangerous but there are things you can do to protect yourself.
First stay calm as an earthquake begins. If you are inside when the earthquake starts, cut down the power as soon as possible. Then you can go under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Especially you must protect your head well. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because there are so many glass objects. If you are outside, don’t return to get things. After all, life is the most important. In the process of our escape, we must be strong and not give up easily.
That’s all. Thank you.
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇应用文；
时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”的内容，可适当再添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“打招呼”引出演讲的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从“2021年12月22日的常州市天宁区发生的地震、地震发生时我们应做的事情、不能做的事情”等几个方面来具体介绍如何保护我们自己。
第三步，书写结语。表达对倾听人的谢意。
[亮点词汇]
①stay calm 保持冷静
②cut down 切断
③as soon as possible 尽快
④After all 毕竟
[高分句型]
①What should you do if this happens? （if引导的条件状语从句）
②You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. （动词不定式作目的状语）
2022-2023学年第二学期八年级英语开学测试练习（1）
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Kitty is such _________ honest student that I can always believe what she says.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．—What do you think of the film The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—I think it’s _________ film that I have ever seen.
A．the most exciting B．the most excited C．more exciting D．more excited
3．We should do _________ talking and some more work. Actions speak louder than words.
A．much B．more C．less D．little
4．Facing trouble, we shouldn’t ________. Instead, we need to keep on working hard.
A．put up B．give up C．cheer up D．take up
5．—What do you think of Max?
—He is funny and often makes us _________.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughed D．laughing
6．—Where will you go during the Spring Festival?
—I have no idea. We _________ go to Nanjing Gingko Lake Park. It’s a good place to have fun.
A．may B．must C．should D．need
7．Chinese player Su Bingtian made history this summer in the 100-meter running _________ at the Tokyo Olympic Games.
A．discussion B．vacation C．competition D．instruction
8．You had better ask the children _________ with water in the garden. It’s dangerous.
A．not to play B．to play C．not play D．don’t play
9．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Ice cream tastes nice.”?
A．Snow is falling down. B．Autumn leaves turn brown.
C．Children like flying kites in spring. D．We can see people make snowmen in winter.
10． I was watching CCTV news at home when my cousin ________ me.
A．is ringing B．was ringing
C．ring D．rang
11．She didn’t know _________ to do when the boy was ill.
A．where B．which C．what D．how
12．You can call me ________ 78653487 or e-mail me ________ happy@126.com.
A．in; on B．on; at C．on; on D．at; at
13．Vivian worked very hard at all her lessons. _________, she became the top student in her class.
A．In order to B．For example C．As usual D．As a result
14．The suffix in the word “healthy” means “_________”.
A．having the quality of B．full of C．without D．not
15．—It’s reported that three firemen lost their lives in the big fire.
—_________.
A．I’m sorry to hear that B．Not at all C．It doesn’t matter D．I’m afraid
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once upon a time, the greatest treasure in the world was hidden in the box. The box was inside a hole and no one knew what it was, so all the ____16____ were looking for this treasure. The monkey, snake, elephant and each of ____17____ in their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.
They worked day by day and everyone thought they did a(n)____18____ job. The monkey found the key to the ____19____ in a tree; the snake found the map under some stones and the elephant tried to ____20____ a stone which stood in the way to the hole.
However, they got nothing because all of them tried to find the box on their own without others’ ____21____.
A tiger realized this and brought the animals together to work ____22____ a team. The animals took his ____23____ and after many difficulties, they got the box.
____24____ they opened it, there was just one piece of paper inside. It said, “if you have gotten this paper, then you have already found _____25_____ treasure in the world: friendship.” The animals thought this was true, so they were good friends for life.
16．A．elephants B．animals C．monkeys D．tigers
17．A．it B．you C．them D．us
18．A．perfect B．secret C．terrible D．boring
19．A．box B．forest C．door D．home
20．A．buy B．draw C．move D．count
21．A．money B．action C．time D．help
22．A．in B．with C．for D．as
23．A．key B．way C．map D．advice
24．A．Before B．Because C．When D．While
25．A．the greatest B．the cheapest C．bigger D．heavier
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Disaster—shipwrecks（沉船）
Ship
TITANIC
RMS Rhone
MARY ROSE
LUSITANIA
Date of sinking
15th April, 1912
29th October, 1867
19th July, 1545
7th May, 1915
Weight
47,071 tons
2,782 tons
710 tons
30,884 tons
How it happened
The Titanic sank after crashing into an iceberg.
The British RMS Rhone sank off Salt Island, during a huge hurricane.
A strong gust of wind, or possibly a heavy French cannon ball(加农炮), tipped the Mary Rose over into the water.
The Lusitania was hit by a torpedo(鱼雷)from a German U-boat.
How many died
1,503
Unknown
411
1,198
Wreck site
4 kilometers under the sea on the south-east of Newfoundland, Canada.
24 meters down just off Peter Island in the Caribbean.
12 meters below the Solent, England.
90 meters below the sea level off the Old Head of Kinsale in Ireland.
26．Which is the heaviest ship?A．The Titanic. B．The RMS Rhone. C．The Mary Rose. D．The Lusitania.
27．Why did the Mary Rose sink into the water?
A．She crashed against an iceberg. B．She sank during a huge hurricane.
C．A torpedo from a German U-boat hit her. D．Maybe a French cannon ball turned her over.
28．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．We know the places of the four sinking ships.
B．We know three ships were from the 20th century.
C．We know the bad weather caused the four shipwrecks.
D．We know the number of people died in the shipwrecks.
B
Welcome to Burton Safari Park. Burton is one of Europe’s oldest wildlife parks. Here you can see wild animals from all over the world — and they’re not in cages. Before we start, we have some information for the animal’s safety and for your own. First, please stay in your car at all times. If there is an emergency (紧急情况) or your car breaks down, please use your horn (喇叭) and lights and a person will come and help you. If you would like to stop, please do so on the left side of the road, so the traffic will pass on the right.
Please don’t feed the animals. Our animals are fed on special diets and your food could make them ill or even kill them.
We’re starting our tour with some of Burton’s most interesting animals, our four white rhinos (犀牛) from South Africa. The white rhino doesn’t get its name from its colour; the African word white means wild. The white rhino has a wide mouth and it helps the animal to eat grass. Sadly, there are very few white rhinos left because humans hunt them for their valuable horns (角). They can be made into things like handles (柄，把手) for knives.
29．Who is the speaker?
A．A guide. B．A tourist. C．A climber. D．A chairperson.
30．Which sentence is TRUE about Burton?
A．It’s a new wildlife park. B．Animals in Burton are kept in cages.
C．Traffic there keeps to the left. D．Visitors can feed the animals there.
31．What do we know about the white rhino?
A．It gets its name from its colour. B．It has a wide nose.
C．It is a rare animal. D．People hunt it for its fur.
C
He was the only gray cub (灰色幼崽) of the she-wolf. The other cubs had red in their hair. He was gray like his father. He was the strongest cub. He showed more anger than his brothers and sisters. He made more noise.
His father and mother live mainly upon meat. In his first month of life, he lives on mother’s milk. And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for about a week, he began to eat meat himself.
There came a time when there was no meat. For many days the cubs did not eat. They were too weak and tired to play. One-Eye, the cub’s father, was killed in the fight over food. Even the she-wolf left home to find meat. But there was nothing. One by one, the cubs died. Only the she-wolf and gray cub were left.
One day the gray cub ran out to hunt for his own food. He met a weasel (鼬) of his size. The rat—like animal ran at him and bit his throat (喉咙). He was nearly dead when the she-wolf arrived just in time to kill and eat the weasel.
The gray cub was not good at hunting yet, and still needed food from his mother. One day, the she-wolf brought him a lynx kitten (小山猫). While eating, he heard great noise. The kitten’s mother had followed the she-wolf here. The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight, and they would fight to the death. The gray cub ran forward and bit one of her legs. This was enough to give the she-wolf the time she needed. The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt. For about a week, she didn’t move. The gray cub had to find food for both of them.
Without his mother to take care of him, he learnt what life was about. Without meat there was no life. Animals had to eat other animals to live. The law was：EAT OR BE EATEN.
—Taken from White Fang
32．The gray cub was _________ than his brothers and sisters.
A．stronger and redder B．weaker and grayer
C．weaker and quieter D．stronger and grayer
33．When did the gray cub start to eat meat himself?
A．At one year old. B．At birth.
C．At one month old. D．At one week old.
34．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．The she-wolf and the she-lynx started to fight.
B．The gray cub saw they would fight to the death.
C．The gray cub ran forward and bit one of the lynx’s legs.
D．The gray cub had to find food for Mother and himself.
35．According to the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________.
A．the law of meat was to eat all the other animals
B．life was difficult for the she-wolf and the gray cub
C．the gray cub’s brothers and sisters died from fights
D．the gray cub was good at hunting weasels and lynx kittens
D
Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana, Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can’t get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resource（自然资源）on the earth.
Water covers 70 percent of the earth’s surface（表面）．But most of that is sea water.We can’t use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only one percent of the earth’s surface.
You probably feel lucky that your life isn’t as hard as Napoga’s, But that doesn’t mean you don’t have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. Now, thirty-four percent of all kinds of fish are dying out.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won’t have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water.
·Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters（升）each month.
·Leaky taps（漏水的龙头）waste a lot of water. Fix them right away.
·You can easily cut your 10-minute showers in half, and you’ll be just as clean.
·When you wash dishes, don’t let the water run.
·Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn’t full, you are wasting water!
36．Why can’t Napoga go to school?
A．Because her family is poor.
B．Because she doesn’t like studying.
C．Because she has to take care of her little brother.
D．Because she has to get clean water for her family.
37．How many people live in short of water in the world?
A．Thousands of people B．Millions of people
C．Hundreds of people D．Billions of people.
38．From the passage, what information do we know about the water on the earth?
A．There is 70% of fresh water.
B．We don’t need to worry about water.
C．There is very little water for our living.
D．Sea water is more widely used than fresh water.
39．Acid rain ________.
A．is only bad for living things
B．can be produced in factories
C．doesn’t do harm to people, but it’s bad for plants, animals and buildings
D．doesn’t just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings
40．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．It’s time to take care of the water we use.
B．Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.
C．Something must be done to prevent water from being polluted.
D．Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．On Dec. 9, 2021, three Chinese spacemen gave an ________(令人激动的) science lesson from the Tiangong space station.
42．When we learn some new words, we can make ________（句子）to practice them.
43．I know him very well because we were neighbors for ________（将近）10 years in the past.
44．The Chinese _______（政府）will build 1,000 sports parks around the country by 2025.
45．With great difficulty, the _______（渔民）pulled his small boat close to the reef.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．Everyone should know the ________ (important) of wetlands.
47．Nanjing is a good place to enjoy ________ (nature) beauty in each season.
48．________ (human) should try to protect animals because they are our friends.
49．The government should stop school bus accidents from ________ (happen) again.
50．It’s ________ (possible) for people to finish the difficult work in such a short time.
C）请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
the biggest danger do our best disasters turning off lights worrying
Climate change is one of the most _____51_____ things for our planet. Many scientists say it is _____52_____ we face. I read about it almost every day. That climate change is changing the earth forever. Many kinds of animals, such as fish, insects, frogs, are dying. Places are getting warmer, or colder, or having more and more _____53_____. We all need to _____54_____ so that climate change can not destroy us. Doing simple things like _____55_____ can be helpful.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
No matter (无论) where you are, you can see birds. Here are some birdwatching tips that make it possible to find and get a good look at more birds.
Keep ________
Birds are easily startled (受惊) by loud noises and will fly to cover. It is almost impossible to get close to a bird, because birds hear much better than human beings do. By making less noise, you can get much closer to a bird. A new bird watcher, when seeing an especially beautiful bird, will shout: “WOW! LOOK AT THAT! IT’S RIGHT OVER THERE!” However, the same message can be whispered. The result is that the bird is more likely to stay there for everyone to see, for a long look.
Avoid sudden movements
Just as loud noises startle birds, so does a sudden movement. Getting close to a bird means following it, moving slowly. A sudden movement, even when swinging your binoculars up to your eyes, can make a bird nervous enough to fly away.
Be ________
Some birds are always flying here and there, some are jumping up and down. It takes long time to wait for the birds to show themselves. A sparrow jumping around in a bush will finally move into a place where you can get a good look.
Try pishing
Sometimes, no matter how slowly and quietly you move, you just cannot get a good look at the bird. When this happens, bird watchers try a skill called pishing. A low whistled pish by blowing air through your closed teeth can attract (吸引) small birds to the watching place. Here’s how to pish: Clench (咬紧) your teeth, open your lips and whisper the word pish.
Just go outside and look around. Use these tips to see more birds and have fun!
Tips for birdwatching
If you want to have a close look at birds, you should ____56____ these tips.
Keep ____57____
»Birds will fly away to ____58____ from loud noise.
»It is better to speak in a low ____59____ when seeing beautiful birds.
Avoid sudden movements
»Moving ____60____ will make birds startled.
»Birds will feel ____61____ about a small movement like swinging binoculars.
Be ____62____
»It takes time to watch the birds.
»Keep ____63____, and a sparrow will jump into the place for you to watch.
Try pishing
»Sometimes you move slowly and quietly, ____64____ you still can’t watch the birds carefully.
»Pishing is a _____65_____ to help attract birds.
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers. I was s____66____ to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明).
Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time. It might be easy to c____67____ fire. Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop. Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees. This turned out to be a pretty bright i____68____.
A____69____ cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873. Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold. Chester had a c____70____ idea. He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned. His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩). Greenwood’s one good idea p____71____ jobs for people in the Farmington area.
Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E. Knight b____72____ a small-town hero. She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12. Her brothers were working at a cloth factory. One day she was visiting them. A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker. She thought she could make the machines safer. She invented an effective(高效的) system. Her method(方法) was later used in many factories. She saved a lot of l____73____.
Some young people feel powerless. They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults. But the t____74____ is that everyone has the power to change the world. A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer. A 15-year-old boy, blind in b____75____ eyes, made written communication more accessible. Who knows what’s in store for your future?
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．2021年12月22日，常州市天宁区发生了4.2级地震，震源深度10公里。苏锡常震感明显，沪宁亦有震感。为此英语老师安排了主题延伸课，探讨如遇地震，该怎样保障自己的生命安全。请根据以下要点，写一篇发言稿。
When
22 December, 2021
What
an earthquake
Where
Changzhou
How to protect ourselves
(1) stay calm
(2) cut down the power
(3) protect the head
(4) …
(1) stand near a window
(2) return to get things
(3) give up easily
(4) …
注意：1. 内容涵盖表中所有要点，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数80左右。
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参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：基蒂是一个如此诚实的学生，我总能相信她的话。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指，/零冠词。此处是such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句，其中honest以元音音素开头，其前应加an。故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《长津湖之战》怎么样？——我认为这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。
考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。 exciting激动人心的；excited感到激动的。此处修饰“film”，用exciting，排除BD；根据“I think it’s...film that I have ever seen.”可知，看过的电影不止两部，此处强调是最激动人心的。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：我们应该少说话，多做点事。行胜于言。
考查形容词辨析和形容词比较级。much许多，修饰不可数名词；more更多，修饰比较级；less更少，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰不可数名词talking，结合“some more work”可知，此处用形容词比较级。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：面对困难，我们不应该放弃。相反，我们需要继续努力。
考查动词短语。put up举起；give up放弃；cheer up高兴起来；take up开始从事；根据下文“Instead, we need to keep on working hard.”可知，空处表示不应该放弃。故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：——你认为Max怎么样？——他很有趣，经常让我们发笑。
考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，省略(to)的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。
6．A
【详解】句意：——春节期间你将去哪里？——我不知道。我们可能去南京银杏湖公园。这是个好玩的好地方。
考查情态动词。may可能；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“I have no idea.”可知，尚未计划好春节行程，可能会去南京银杏湖公园。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：今年夏天，中国选手苏炳添在东京奥运会的100米跑比赛中创造了历史。
考查名词辨析。discussion讨论；vacation假期；competition比赛；instruction指导。根据“in the 100-meter running...at the Tokyo Olympic Games”可知，是100米跑比赛，故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：你最好叫孩子们不要在花园里玩水。这是危险的。
考查非谓语动词。ask sb (not) to do sth“让某人（不要）做某事”，根据“It’s dangerous.”可知，是危险的，所以不要做。故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：下面哪个句子和 “冰激凌尝起来很好” 有相同的句子结构？
考查句子结构。Snow is falling down.下雪了。句子结构为主+谓；Autumn leaves turn brown.秋叶变成褐色。句子结构为主系表结构；Children like flying kites in spring.孩子们喜欢在春天放风筝。句子结构为主+谓+宾；We can see people make snowmen in winter.在冬天我们能看见人们堆雪人。句子结构为主+谓+宾+宾补；分析句子“Ice cream tastes nice.冰激凌尝起来很好吃。”可知，句子结构为主系表结构；分析选项可知，选项B“Autumn leaves turn brown.秋叶变成褐色。”也是一个主系表结构的句子，turn相当于系动词。故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：当我的表弟给我打电话时，我正在家里看中央电视台的新闻。
考查动词的时态。句子含when引导的时间状语从句，根据“I was watching CCTV news at home”可知，主句用的过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，动词ring用过去式rang。故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：孩子生病时，她不知道该怎么办。
考查词义辨析。where哪里；which哪个；what什么；how如何。根据“She didn’t know...to do when the boy was ill.”可知，是不知道该做什么，故选C。
12．D
【详解】句意：你可以拨打电话78653487给我，或给我发电子邮件到happy@126.com。
考查介词的用法。in在……里面；on在……上面；at在（某小地点），向，朝。电话号码前和电子邮箱地址前均用介词at。call sb. at+电话号码，表示“拨打某个号码给某人”；e-mail sb. at +电子邮件地址，表示“给某人发送电子邮件到某地址”。故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：维维安所有功课都很努力。结果，她成了班里的尖子生。
考查短语辨析。In order to为了；For example例如；As usual像平常一样；As a result因此。根据“Vivian worked very hard at all her lessons.”可知，她努力学习，因此成为班上的尖子生。故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：“健康”一词中的后缀表示“具有……性质”。
考查单词后缀。having the quality of具有……性质；full of充满；without没有；not不。healthy的后缀是-y，在英语构词法中指的是某名词具有某种性质。故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：——据报道，三名消防员在大火中丧生。——听到这个我很难过。
考查情景交际。I’m sorry to hear that听到这个我很难过；Not at all根本不；It doesn’t matter没关系；I’m afraid我恐怕。根据“three firemen lost their lives in the big fire”可知，消防员丧生是令人悲伤的消息，所以听到很难过。故选A。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了猴子，蛇以及大象等动物寻找宝箱的故事。
16．句意：所以所有的动物都在寻找宝藏。
elephants大象；animals动物；monkeys猴子；tigers 老虎。根据下文“The monkeys, snakes, elephants…”可知，此处讲的是猴子，蛇以及大象等动物寻找宝箱的故事，所以应用animals，故选B。
17．句意：猴子、蛇、大象和他们每个在各自的搜索中都知道一个可以提供盒子信息的部分。
it它；you你，你们；them他们；us我们。根据“their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.”可知，应该是它们中每一个人自己的寻找在引向箱子的过程中都起着作用，此处用they的宾格them，故选C。
18．句意：他们日复一日地工作，每个人都认为他们做得很好。
perfect完美的；secret秘密的；terrible可怕的；boring,无聊的。根据上文“The monkey, snake, elephant and each of … in their own search knew a part that could provide information about the box.”可知，它们中每一个人自己的寻找在引向箱子的过程中都起着作用，可知他们在做一个完美的工作，故选A。
19．句意：猴子在树上找到了盒子的钥匙。
box盒子；forest森林；door门；home家。根据上“that could provide information about the box.”可知，猴子在一棵树中发现了箱子的钥匙，故选A。
20．句意：蛇在一些石头下面找到了地图，大象试图移动一块挡住通往洞口的石头。
buy买；draw画；move移动；count数数。根据下文”stood in the way”可知,这块石头需要被移走,句意：大象尽力去移动挡在通往山洞的石头。故选C。
21．句意：然而，他们一无所获，因为他们都试图在没有他人帮助的情况下自己找到这个盒子。
money钱；action行动；time时间；help帮助。根据下文 “A tiger realized this and brought the animals together to work”可知，因为他们都试图在没有别人帮助的情况下自己找到那个盒子。故选D。
22．句意：一只老虎意识到了这一点，于是把动物们召集到一起，组成了一个团队。
in在……里；with带有，具有；for为了；as作为；根据上文“However, they got nothing because all of them tried to find the box on their own without others’ …”可知。老虎意识到这一点，它把所有的动物聚集在一起，团队合作，作为一个团队，故选D。
23．句意：动物们接受了他的建议，经过许多困难之后，他们得到了这个盒子。
key钥匙；way方法，道路；map地图；advice建议。短语take one’s advice“采取某人的建议”，是固定短语，故选D。
24．句意：当它们打开箱子的时候，在里面有一张纸条。
Before在…前；Because因为；When当…的 时候；While当……的时候。根据题意，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选C。
25．句意：你已经找到了世界上最宝贵的财富：“友谊”。
the greatest最大的；the cheapest最便宜的；bigger更大的；heavier更重的。根据“in the world“可知要用最高级，此处是已经发现了世界上最大的财富：友谊。故选A。
26．A 27．D 28．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了沉船事件，介绍了发生的时间；船重；发生的原因；死亡人数；失事地点等。
26．细节理解题。根据表格中“TITANIC Weight 47,071 tons”可知，TITANIC是最重的，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据表格中“MARY ROSE A strong gust of wind, or possibly a heavy French cannon ball（加农炮）, tipped the Mary Rose over into the water.”可知，也许是法国炮弹把她打翻了，故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一个表格中“Wreck site 4 kilometers under the sea on the south-east of Newfoundland, Canada.；24 meters down just off Peter Island in the Caribbean.；12 meters below the Solent, England.；90 meters below the sea level off the Old Head of Kinsale in Ireland.”可知，我们知道四艘沉船的位置。故选A。
29．A 30．C 31．C
【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲了一些Burton野生动物园的一些注意事项及园中最有趣的动物——白犀牛，介绍了白犀牛的名字来源及其生存现状。
29．推理判断题。根据第1段中“Before we start, we have some information for the animal’s safety and for your own.”及第3段中“We’re starting our tour with some of Burton’s most interesting animals”可知这个人先介绍了注意事项接着开始介绍野生动物，应该是一名导游。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第1段中“Burton is one of Europe’s oldest wildlife parks.”可知Burton是一座古老的野生动物园，A项错误；根据第1段中“First, please stay in your car at all times.”可推出动物并没有被关在笼子里，B项错误；根据第1段中“If you would like to stop, please do so on the left side of the road, so the traffic will pass on the right.”可推出交通靠左，C项正确；根据第2段中“Please don’t feed the animals.”可知游客不能喂那儿的动物，D项错误。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第3段中“Sadly, there are very few white rhinos left”可知白犀牛是一种稀有动物。故选C。
32．D 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一只灰色的狼崽在弱肉强食的丛林中历经磨难，慢慢成长起来，逐渐懂得了生活的意义。“要么吃，要么被吃掉”，这就是严酷的丛林法则。
32．细节理解题。根据“He was the only gray cub (灰色幼崽) of the she-wolf. The other cubs had red in their hair. He was the strongest cub.”可知， 它比其他狼崽更强壮，更灰。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“And now, at a month old, when his eyes had been open for about a week, he began to eat meat himself.”可知，这只灰色的幼崽是一个月大的时候开始吃肉的。故选C。
34．词句猜测题。根据上文“The gray cub ran forward and bit one of her legs.”可知，灰色的幼崽向前跑，咬住了母猞猁的一条腿。由此推断，此处的this指的就是灰狼崽咬住了母猞猁的腿。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据文章叙述“The lynx was dead, but the she-wolf was badly hurt.”可知，母狼和这只灰狼为了食物，身负重伤，甚至冒着生命危险。由此可推断，母狼和狼崽的生活非常艰难。故选B。
36．D 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．C
【分析】短文大意：水覆盖了地球表面的百分之70。但最重要的是海水。我们不能使用它。新鲜的水覆盖了地球表面只有百分之一。科学家们说，在30年，在世界上超过一半的人没有足够的干净的水。我们必须学会如何节省更多的水为我们自己和我们的孩子，本文详细地介绍了如何节省水资源。
36．细节理解题。根据“Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends”可知，因为她要为家人弄到干净的水，故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“Millions of people in the world are like Napoga”可知，世界上有数百万人像Napoga一样缺水，故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据“Fresh water covers only one percent of the earth’s surface”可知，淡水只覆盖了地球表面的百分之一，这意味着有很少的水供我们生活，故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings”可知，酸雨不仅对人类有害，对动物和植物都有害，故选D。
40．主旨大意题。本文通过阐述目前水资源短缺的情况来告诉我们保护环境，节约水的重要性，故选C。
41．exciting
【详解】句意：2021年12月9日，三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站上上了一节令人兴奋的科学课。“令人激动的”译为exciting，形容词作定语。故填exciting。
42．sentences
【详解】句意：当我们学习一些新单词时，我们可以造句子来练习它们。sentence“句子”，此处不止一个句子，应填名词的复数形式，故填sentences。
43．nearly
【详解】句意：我很了解他，因为我们做了近10年的邻居。nearly“将近”，故填nearly。
44．government
【详解】句意：到2025年，中国政府将在全国建1000个体育公园。government表示“政府”，题干指中国政府，因此填单数形式。故填government。
45．fisherman
【详解】句意：渔夫费了很大劲才把小船拉到礁石附近。fisherman表示“渔民”，根据“his”可知，应填单数形式。故填fisherman。
46．importance
【详解】句意：每个人都应该知道湿地的重要性。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词importance表示“重要性”，故填importance。
47．natural
【详解】句意：南京是每个季节欣赏自然美景的好地方。nature“自然”，名词，此处用其形容词natural“自然的”，作定语修饰名词beauty。故填natural。
48．Humans
【详解】句意：人类应该尽力保护动物，因为它们是我们的朋友。此处在句中作主语，表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填Humans。
49．happening
【详解】句意：政府应该阻止校车事故再次发生。from是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填happening。
50．impossible
【详解】句意：人们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的工作。possible“可能的”，形容词。根据“finish the difficult work in such a short time”可知，在短时间内完成艰巨的工作是不可能的。impossible“不可能的”，形容词，作表语。故填impossible。
51．worrying 52．the biggest danger 53．disasters 54．do our best 55．turning off lights
【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述地球令人担心的问题之一是气候变化。我们需要尽我们最大努力改变气候变化的现状，从简单的事做起是很有帮助的。
51．句意：地球令人担心的问题之一是气候变化。句子用“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。名词“things ”前用形容词修饰，根据后文“changing the earth forever”可知句子表达让人担忧的问题，用形容词 “worrying”。故填worrying。
52．句意：很多科学家说它是我们面临的最大的危险。根据“ it is”及“we face”可知定语从句的先行词是单数名词，最高级形式修饰名词，故而定语从句的关系代词“that”省去了。根据“face”句子表达“面临的危险”。故填the biggest danger。
53．句意：很多地方正在逐渐变暖或变冷，或者有越来越多的灾难。动词“having”后缺宾语。根据后文“climate change can not destroy us”可知句子表达气候变化引发越来越多的灾难，是复数概念，用复数名词“disasters”。故填disasters。
54．句意：我们需要尽我们最大努力以便气候变化不会毁了我们。表达“需要做某事”用短语“need to do”。根据“so that climate change can not destroy us”可知句子是建议大家努力改变气候变化问题，句子表达尽我们最大努力，用动词短语“do our best”。故填do our best。
55．句意：做简单的事，例如关灯，可以有所帮助。介词“like ”后缺宾语，根据“Doing simple things”可知表达做简单的事，“关灯”是其中一种，用动词短语“turning off lights”作宾语。故填turning off lights。
56．follow##use 57．quiet 58．hide 59．voice 60．suddenly 61．nervous 62．patient 63．waiting 64．but 65．skill
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些近距离赏鸟的方法。
56．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些近距离赏鸟的方法，所以如果我们想要近距离赏鸟的话，我们应该遵循或者使用本文提及的方法；遵循：follow，动词；使用：use，动词；情态动词should后的动词应用原形。故填follow/use。
57．根据第二段“Birds are easily startled by loud noises and will fly to cover.”可知，鸟类很容易受惊，然后飞走，所以如果我们想要近距离赏鸟的话就应该保持安静，因此第二空应填形容词“quiet（安静的）”作表语。故填quiet。
58．根据第二段“Birds are easily startled by loud noises and will fly to cover.”可知，鸟类很容易受惊，所以它们都会飞走以躲避噪音，hide from“躲避……”，因此此空应填不定式中的动词原形“hide”。故填hide。
59．根据第二段“However, the same message can be whispered. The result is that the bird is more likely to stay there for everyone to see, for a long look.”可知，如果人们小声说话的话，鸟类会更可能呆在原地让人们观赏，也就是说赏鸟的时候，人们最好小声说话，in a low voice“小声说话”。故填voice。
60．根据第三段“Just as loud noises startle birds, so does a sudden movement.”可知，正如巨大的噪音会吓到鸟一样，突然的动作也会吓到鸟，所以此空应填副词“suddenly（突然地）”修饰动词“move”，意为“突然地移动”。故填suddenly。
61．根据第三段“A sudden movement, even when swinging your binoculars up to your eyes, can make a bird nervous…”可知，突然的移动，甚至当你把双筒望远镜举到眼睛上时，都会使鸟感到紧张，所以此空应填形容词“nervous（紧张不安的）”作表语。故填nervous。
62．根据第四段中“It takes long time to wait for the birds to show themselves.”可知，等待鸟儿现身需要很长时间，所以赏鸟时人们要有耐心，因此此空应填形容词“patient（有耐心的）”作表语。故填patient。
63．根据第四段“A sparrow jumping around in a bush will finally move into a place where you can get a good look.”可知，一只在灌木丛中跳跃的麻雀最终会移动到一个你可以好好看一看的地方，也就是说只要继续等待的话麻雀就会跳到你面前供你观赏；再结合短语“keep doing sth.（继续做某事）”可知，此空应填动词“wait（等待）”的动名词形式waiting作宾语。故填waiting。
64．根据倒数第二段“Sometimes, no matter how slowly and quietly you move, you just cannot get a good look at the bird.”可知，有时候，无论你移动得多慢多安静，你都无法好好观赏这只鸟；由此可知，有时候，虽然你已经移动得很慢很安静了，但是你还是无法好好观赏鸟，所以这两者之间是转折关系，因此此空应填转折连词but。故填but。
65．根据倒数第二段“…bird watchers try a skill called pishing.”可知，“pishing”是一种赏鸟时可以用上的技能。故填skill。
66．(s)urprised##(s)hocked 67．(c)atch##(c)ause 68．(i)dea 69．(A)nother 70．(c)lever 71．(p)rovided 72．(b)ecame 73．(l)ives 74．(t)ruth 75．(b)oth
【导语】本文作者主要向我们介绍了几位年轻的小发明家的故事。
66．句意：得知年轻人创造了许多改变世界的发明，我感到震惊。根据“When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. ”可知，作者认为发明家都是一群灰白胡子的老人，所以得知是年轻人发明了很多东西时应是很吃惊/震惊，surprised/shocked符合语境。故填(s)urprised/(s)hocked。
67．句意：它可能很容易引起火灾。catch fire“着火”，固定短语；cause“引起”，to后跟动词原形构成动词不定式结构。故填(c)atch/(c)ause。
68．句意：这被证明是一个非常聪明的想法。根据“Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees.”和首字母可知，此处指“他把灯挂到圣诞树上”这种想法很聪明，idea“想法”，被a修饰用名词单数形式。故填(i)dea。
69．句意：另一个很酷的孩子，15岁的切斯特·格林伍德在1873年的一天滑冰。上文讲述了一个15岁的Albert Sadacca的小发明家的例子，此处是介绍另一个小发明家，所以用another表示“另一个”，故填(A)nother。
70．句意：切斯特有个聪明的的主意。根据“ He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned.”及首字母可知，他想到了一个聪明的办法解决问题，clever“聪明的”符合语境。故填(c)lever。
71．句意：格林伍德的一个好主意为法明顿地区的人们提供就业机会。根据“ jobs for people”及语境可知，此处指“给人们提供了工作”，provide sth for sb“提供某物给某人”，由“invented ”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(p)rovided。
72．句意：说到酷孩子，Margaret E. Knight是个小镇英雄。本句是主系表结构，结合首字母可知，此处指“是”，become符合语境，由made可知，时态一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(b)ecame。
73．句意：她救了很多人的生命。根据“She made her first life-saving device”及备选词可知，这是一个救命设备，life“生命”，a lot of 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填(l)ives。
74．句意：但事实是，每个人都有能力改变世界。根据“everyone has the power to change the world. ”及首字母可知，此处是反驳上文“一些年轻人感到无能为力。他们觉得自己生活在一个成年人为成年人创造的成人世界里”的观点，讲述的是真实的情况是什么样的，truth符合语境。故填(t)ruth。
75．句意：一个双目失明的15岁男孩，让书面交流变得更容易。根据“ blind in ...eyes”及首字母可知，此处指“双目失明”，也就是两只眼睛失明，both“两个”符合语境。故填(b)oth。
76．范文：
Hi, everyone! We all know that on December 22, 2021, an earthquake happened in Tianning District, Changzhou City. What should you do if this happens? An earthquake is dangerous but there are things you can do to protect yourself.
First stay calm as an earthquake begins. If you are inside when the earthquake starts, cut down the power as soon as possible. Then you can go under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Especially you must protect your head well. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because there are so many glass objects. If you are outside, don’t return to get things. After all, life is the most important. In the process of our escape, we must be strong and not give up easily.
That’s all. Thank you.
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇应用文；
时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”的内容，可适当再添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“打招呼”引出演讲的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从“2021年12月22日的常州市天宁区发生的地震、地震发生时我们应做的事情、不能做的事情”等几个方面来具体介绍如何保护我们自己。
第三步，书写结语。表达对倾听人的谢意。
[亮点词汇]
①stay calm 保持冷静
②cut down 切断
③as soon as possible 尽快
④After all 毕竟
[高分句型]
①What should you do if this happens? （if引导的条件状语从句）
②You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. （动词不定式作目的状语）
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