高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters当堂检测题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters当堂检测题，文件包含Unit4Naturaldisasters单元词汇讲练docx、Unit4Naturaldisasters词汇巩固练习docx、Unit4Naturaldisaters单元目标与要求docx等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共16页， 欢迎下载使用。

rescue [UC] 救援，营救 [CN.] 营救行动 vt. 救援；营救 把...从...解决出来
rescue teams/wrkers/bats 救援队/救援人员/救援船只cme/g t ne’s rescue 来/去救某人
1). 一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
__________________ risked his life saving tw turists ___________________________ in the muntains fr tw days.
2). A real friend is the ne ______________________________________________(来帮你的) in yur hur f need.
3). Sner after the quake, ne thusand sldiers were sent t rescue the miners _________ the lcal cal mine.
4). 语境串记：A fire brke ut in that building yesterday and the Smiths were caught in fire. _________________(救援队) immediately _________________(来救他们) and ______________ all the family ___________ the big fire(把全家人从大火中救出来了).
fld n. 洪水，大量 vi. 淹没，大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水；淹没
a fld f 大量的 fld in/int 大量涌入 fld ut f 蜂拥而出 in fld 在泛滥
5). When the Nile is _______________(泛滥), it depsits a layer f mud n the fields.(在田野上沉积下一层泥)
6). Telephne call came ___________________ frm all ver the cuntry. (电话从全国各地蜂拥而至)
Which buildings were damaged in Seul? 首尔的哪些建筑物被毁坏了。
damage vt. 损害，毁坏，破坏 be slightly/badly/seriusly damaged 轻微/严重受损
[UC.] (有形的)损失，破坏，损坏；损害，伤害
serius/minr damage 严重的/轻微的损伤 cause/d damage t... 对...造成损害/破坏
7). He was hit by a car and suffered ______________________________________.(脑部严重受损)
8). We can’t enjy the mnlight n the rf fr the time being, because the heavy rain ________________________
the rf. (严重损坏了屋顶)。
9). It wasn’t a serius accident. The car was nly ________________________(轻微受损).
3. In less than ne minute, a large city lay in ruins. Thusands f children were left withut parents. 在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为了废墟。成千上万的孩子成了孤儿。
ruin [c,n] 毁坏，毁灭； [C][pl.] 废墟，残垣断壁 in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 fall int ruin衰落，败落
vt. 毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或失去地位等） ruin ne’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
leave+宾语+宾补(n./adj./adv./ding/dne/t d/介词短语)
10). After the deadly earthquake, they fund the whle city ___________________(变成了废墟).
11). A large number f buildings ____________________________(毁了) in the deadly earthquake.
12). This mistake ______________________________ getting the jb. 这个错误断送了他得到这份工作的机会。
辨析比较： ruin/damage/destry
13). Cnstantly(一直) bending yur head t check yur cell phne culd _____________ yur neck.
14). Data shws that nearly 19,770 acres f Brazilian rainfrests ___________between August 2015 and July 2016.
15). I gt caught in the rain n my way hme and my new suit gt ____________.
4. 82 killed, 500,000 affected(P49) 82人死亡， 50万人受到影响
affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 affectin n.喜爱 effect n. 影响
be greatly/deeply affected by 被...深深打动；深受影响 have an effect/influence n 对...产生影响
be affected by heat/cld 中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever 发高烧
16). ______________(affect) with high fever, he cntinued with his wrk.
17). 饮食习惯对我们的健康有很大的影响。
The eating habits _________________________________________ ur health.
18). 不管你说什么都不会影响我的决定。____________________________________________________________
5. peple were in shck---and then, later that afternn, anther big quake shk Tangshan again.
shck n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊 shcked adj. 对..感到震惊 shcking adj. 令人震惊的
in shck 震惊 be a shck t sb. 使某人震惊 be shcked t d/that 对... 到震惊
It is shcking that... 令人吃惊的是 t ne’s shck 令人震惊的是
19). 听到这个消息，每个人都感到很震惊。（一句多译）
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
20). 学生不会拼写这些单词，这令人很震惊。
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. 地震之后不久，部队就派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱
be trapped in 被困在...里 trap sb. int ding sth. 诱使某人做某事
21). 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里，这让他们很害怕。
They _____________________ the ____________(burn) htel, ___________ made them ______________(fright).
22). If yu chse this way, yu ______________________________________________(你可能likely掉进陷阱里).
bury vt. 埋葬，安葬 把...埋到..里 bury neself in/be buried in 埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
23). 随着考试的来临，越来越多的学生埋头于学习。
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
7. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple, a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins. 有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来了。
There will always be rewards by giving, there will be gains by making effrts. 付出总有回报，努力就会有收获。
effrt n. 努力；艰难的尝试； make an/every effrt t d 努力做某事 make ne’s effrt(s) 尽一切努力
spare n effrts t d sth. 不遗余力做某事 withut effrt 毫不费力；轻松地
with jint effrt 在共同的努力下 in an effrt t d sth. 为了做某事（in rder t d sth.）
24). 他经常锻炼为了保持健康。____________________________________________________________________
25). 真正的朋友就是你遇到困难时不遗余力地帮你的那个人。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
26). 这个聪明的孩子很轻松地解决了这个难题。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Sme were fund alive, thugh they were suffering frm terrible injuries, but thers had already stpped breathing when they were discvered. 有些人被发现时还活着，尽管他们受了严重的伤，但其他人被发现时已经停止了呼吸。
suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 suffering n. 痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏 suffer frm 受...折磨；患...病
27). 很显然，我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
28). 近来我的头疼得厉害。I ___________________________________________ a bad headache recently.
29). As a yung man, he ___________________________________________(饱受贫困之苦).
30). The ld man went thrugh kinds f ____________________ during the war. 老人在战争中经历了各种痛苦。
breathe vi&vt. 呼吸 breathe a sigh f relief 放心地松了口气 breathe in/ut 呼入/呼出
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的；壮丽的
breath n. hld ne’s breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸 ut f breath 上气不接下气
31). 到了塔顶他就上气不接下气了。____________(reach) the tp f the twer, he was __________________.
32). 深呼吸然后我告诉你时在呼气。__________________________ and then ___________________ when I tell yu t.
9. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t end. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。
as if 的从句中如陈述内容是真实的或可能性很大时，用陈述语气；
如从句中所陈述内容不真实，而是说话人主观的想象或夸大的比喻时，则用虚拟语气。（原来的时态上退一步）
（as if 引导的从句主语和主句的主语一致时，从句的主谓部分常省略）
33). 这个孩子好像迷路了。________________________________________________________________________
34). 他说起话来好像去过国外似的(实际没去过). He talks as if he ______________________________________.
35). The guard dg set upn the thief as if it was mad. (可省略________________________)
10. The undersea quake struck arund 7:00 a.m. 海底地震发生在早上7点左右。
strike v. 打；撞击；侵袭；敲响；突然想到/意识到; 罢工；(strike--struck--struck/stricken)
n. 罢工 g n strike 罢工 earthquake-stricken areas 地震灾区
It strikes/hits/ccurs t sb. that 从句 某人突然想到/意识到... sth. strikes/hit/ccurs t sb. 某人突然想到...
36). 正当我们手足无措的时候，我突然想到了一个好的解决办法。
Just when we were _______________________, ____________________________________________________.
37). 如果工人们提出的要求被拒绝，他们将罢工。
The wrkers ___________________________ if the demand __________________________________________.
11. Mst bridges had fallen r were nt safe t crss. 大部分桥梁坍塌或不能安全同行。
Water, fd, and electricity were hard t get. 水、食物和电都很难获得。
Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat. 鸡甚至狗太紧张了而不吃东西。
此类用法中，常见形容词为easy, difficult, hard, imprtant, impssible, interesting, pleasant, nice, cmfrtable, dangerus, cheap, heavy等。
38). 我发现这张椅子坐起来很舒服。________________________________________________________________
39). 在这么短的时间内做完作业很难。______________________________________________________________
40). 这作业太难了，我无法在这么短时间内完成。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Hwever, dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make it difficult t deliver fd and supplies. 但是，由于情况危险，道路受损，运送食物和物资都会遇到很大的困难。
deliver v. 递送；运载 vt. 发表，发布 deliver a speech 作演讲 deliver a baby 接生
make it adj./n. (fr sb.) t d sth./that 从句 (此结构中的动词还有：think, believe, find, cnsider, feel 等)
41). Please leave us yur name and address and we’ll have all the gds ______________(deliver) t yur dr.
42). The famus writer _______________________________________________(作关于如何提高学习效率的演讲) n next Sunday.
43). __________________________________________(为了容易和我们联系), yu’d better keep this card at hand.
44). I must __________________________(说清楚) I’ll always supprt yu.
13. I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme. 我正在和三个孩子吃早餐，这时海水开始灌进家里。
归纳拓展： when作连词时的常见句型：
Sb. was ding sth. when ...某人正在做某事，这时(突然)...
Sb. had just dne sth. when...某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)...
Sb. was abut t d sth. when ... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)...
45). 我们刚要动身，这时突然开始下雨了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
46). 地震发生的时候，Jhn正在睡觉。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
47). 我们刚刚开完会，这时有人闯进来了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
14. If yu find yurself in danger frm a frest fire, first f all, stay calm. 如果你发现自己在森林火灾中出于危险，首先要保持冷静。
find+宾语+宾补(adj./adv./ n./ding/dne/介词短语) stay/keep calm 保持镇定/冷静
calm vt. 使平静；使镇定 adj. 冷静的；沉着的；镇定的 calm (sb.) dwn (使)平静；(使)镇定
48). Mary匆忙赶到Jhn家，却发现他们都出去了。____________________________________________________
49). 当盛老师走进教室，发现左右学生都在埋头做作业。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
50). 当面临危险的时候，保持镇静很重要。(让自己镇定下来很重要)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
第一节 完形填空（共20小觐：每小題1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
Everyne ges thrugh sme frm f change. Ging thrugh change can teach us abut ur_ 36__.In rder t mve n in life we must __37__ change. We either accept it r __38__ it. I have chsen t take it n with a __39__ .
Befre entering junir high schl, I thught ___40__ wuld be the same as things in my primary schl. And then 1 began t realize that wasn't 41 nt nly was there mre wrk but there were 42 friends. That als meant my ld grup f friends started t separate. As mnths went by, I realized I shuld 43 the fact that we were all ging thrugh a big change and that it was kay t grw __44__.
I have als learned we shuld never ___45___ urselves fr smene but rather fr urselves. It is imprtant fr me t be happy and I shuldn't have t change myself nly t ___46___ smene else. Recently, I have been able t realize that nt everyne will ___47___ me r what I d r what I wear, and that's kay.
I believe in change but nly if 48_ frm that persn is put int it. If.smene desn't try t change, then I believe he wn't 49 his gal and that he culd pssibly __50__ the persn r thing he lves. I nticed this __51__ a friend f mine. She ___52___ saying she was ging t change, but she put n effrt int it and because f this she lst many clse friends.
As we get lder, it becmes easier t try new things and meet new peple. Our __53__ n lnger affect just urselves but ur family and friends as well. Life is based n making decisins, sme f them __54__, and sme f them bad. It’s these decisins that make us wh we are. Mst peple are __55__ f change, but I chse t accept it gladly.
第二节：语法填空（共10个小题: 毎小题1分，满分10分）
There is a grwing interest in rck climbing. Recently there 56. ______________ (be) an imprvement in technlgy and techniques t perfrm it. The sprt is getting mre 57._______________ (attract) t many peple. Althugh rck climbing has risks and physical challenges, peple still have several reasns t take it up.
Sme sprtsmen feel that rck climbing can never becme bring. This is because yu have different places t g climbing. Additinally, there are several challenging rutes t climb. If yu are tired 58._____________ walls at yur lcatin, yu may visit elsewhere 59. ______________ (experience) ther challenging walls.
60.___________(bvius), it ffers great fun and adventure t peple when they g high up n walls. When they push themselves beynd the expected limits, they get 61.______________ sense f achievement. Many peple feel that rck climbing als gives them a feeling f 62.____________ (free), as they can g wherever they want.
There are many sprtsmen 63._____________ als lake rck climbing as a physical challenge where they always mve up the levels. After 64._______________ (crss) a set level, they mve t the next and then t the next. And they can always give a fight t their previusly achieved 65.______________ (gal). It all depends n their physical fitness and skill levels.
参考答案：
1). A rescue wrker, wh were trapped2). wh cme t yur rescue
3). frm4). Rescue teams, came t their rescue, rescued, frm
5). in fld6). flding in
7). serius brain damage8). caused/did great damage t
9). slightly damaged10). in ruins
11). were ruined12). ruined his chance f
13). ruin14). was destryed
15). damaged16). Affected
17). have a great effect n 18). Whatever yu said wn’t affect my decisin
19). a. Everyne was shcked at/t hear the news. B. Hearing the news, everyne was/felt shcked.
20). a. The student can’t spell these wrds, which shcked us greatly/making us shcked.
b. T ur shck, /It is shcking that the students can’t spell these wrds
21). were trapped in, burning, which, frightened22). are likely t fall int a trap
23). a. With the exam cming/appraching/drawing near, an increasing number f students are buried in their studies.
b. With the exam n the way/arund the crner, a grwing number f students are buried in their studies.
24). He wrks ut regularly in an effrt t keep fit/healthy.
25). A real friend is the ne wh spares n effrts t help yu in yur hur f need.
26). The clever/bright child wrked ut the challenging prblem withut effrt.
27). It is bvius that ur earth is suffering serius damage./Obviusly, ur earth is suffering serius damage.
28). I have suffered frm29). suffered a lt frm pverty
30). sufferings31). Reaching, ut f breath/breathless
32). Take a deep breath, breathe ut33). It seemed that the child lst her/his way
34). had really been abrad35). as if mad
36). at a lss, a gd slutin struck/hit/ccurred t me/It hit/struck/ccurred t me that I had a gd slutin
37). wuld g n strike, they put frward/came up with was refused/turned dwn
38). I find the chair cmfrtable t sit in39). The hmewrk is difficult t finish in such a shrt time
40). The hmewrk was t difficult fr me t finish in s shrt a time.
41). delivered42). will deliver a speech n hw t imprve ur study efficiency
43). T make it easy t cntact us/In an effrt t cntact us easily
44). make it clear that45). We were abut t set ff when it began t rain.
46). Jhn was sleeping when the earthquake struck/hit/brke ut.
47). We had just ended the meeting when smene brke in.
48). Mary hurried t Jhn’s hme, nly t find all ut.
49). Entering the classrm, Mr, Sheng fund the students buried in ding their hmewrk.
50). In times f/In the face f danger, it is imprtant t stay/keep calm.
When yu are faced with danger, it is imprtant t calm yurself dwn.
完形： 36---40 DCDAB 41--45 BACBD 46--50 ADCAC 51--55 BDCAB
语法填空 56. has been 57. attractive 58. f 59. t experience 60. Obviusly
A 62. freedm 63. wh/that 64. crssing 65. gals
易混词
区别
英语释义
ruin
强调“毁坏，毁灭”，使美好的事物失去良好的特征或特性，且不能恢复。
the ruined city 被摧毁的城市
t damage sth. r have a cmpletely negative effect n it s that it is n lnger at all successful, enjyable, r useful.
destry
多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，含不能或难修复的意味。也可指毁掉一个人。
destructive adj. destructin n.
t damage sth. s badly that it n lnger exists, wrks; t kill sb.
damage
多指对无生命物体的损害，造成价值降低、功能破坏等后果，含仍可能修复的意味。也可指对健康等带来不良影响。
t cause physical harm t sth., making it less attractive(有吸引力的), useful r valuable; t have a bad effect n sb./sth’s life, health, happiness r chances f success
36. A. prcess
B. success
C. schl
D. life
37. A. bring abut
B. believe in
C. get used t
D. think up
38. A. welcme
B. admit
C. make
D. fight
39. A. smile
B. aim
C. dream
D. questin
40. A. nthing
B. everything
C. smene
D. everyne
41. A. surprising
B. true
C. perfect
D. imprtant
42. A. new
B. clse
C. real
D. persnal
43. A. examine
B. prve
C. accept
D. explain
44. A. fast
B. apart
C. well
D. up
45. A. hurt
B. limit
C. anny
D. change
46. A. please
B. serve
C. quit
D. respect
47. A. remember
B. discuss
C. mind
D. appreciate
48. A. wealth
B. supprt
C. effrt
D. care
49. A. achieve
B. share
C. set
D. understand
50. A. hate
B. frget
C. lse
D. trust
51. A. began with
B. happened t
C. fcused n
D. stayed with
52. A. avided
B. disliked
C. cnsidered
D. kept
53. A. experiences
B. reactins
C. decisins
D. attitudes
54. A. gd
B. clear
C. big
D. firm
55. A. addicted
B. afraid
C. attracted
D. amazed