高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修5&选修6Unit 1 Art一等奖ppt课件

这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修5&选修6Unit 1 Art一等奖ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了Unit 1 Art，虚拟语气，were，would take，burst，were not，could be，would ask，had been，had got等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Subjunctive Md (I)
虚拟语气 在英语中，表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气可以用于条件状语从句、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。本节课我们主要学习if条件从句和wish后的宾语从句中表示现在或将来情况的虚拟语气的用法。
【观察体会】请看下图及对话，体会表示现在的虚拟语气的用法。
A: Why dn’t ur grandchildren visit us mre ften?B: They dn’t have enugh time. If they had mre time, they’d visit us mre ften.
A: I wnder why Fred wrks s hard.B: I dn’t knw. He must like his jb.A: If he didn’t like his jb, he wuldn’t wrk s hard.
A: D yu enjy driving a schl bus?B: Nt really. I wish I drve a taxi.
A: Can Jnathan dance?B: N, he can’t, but he wishes he culd. If he culd dance, he’d g dancing every night.
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“wuld / shuld/ culd / might + 动词原形”。
e.g. If I were a by, I wuld jin the army.
What wuld yu d if yu wn the lttery?If I wn the lttery, I wuld…
If I had a lt f mney, I wuld buy a villa.
If I had a lt f mney nw, I wuld travel arund the wrld.
If I had a lt f mney, I wuld g shpping.
a. If they _____ (be) here, they __________ (take) yur advice.b. If the wrld-war _____ (burst) ut again, what _____________ (happen) t ur peple n earth?
wuld happen
c. If the pliceman ________ (be nt) in that rm, it ________ (be) very dangerus.d. If I _____ (be) in yur psitin, I _________ (ask) fr teacher’s help.
Chse ne f the tpics and discuss it in grups.
1. Yu had a dream that yu were a teacher. What wuld yu d if yu were a teacher?2. Suppse yu wn a lt f mney. What wuld yu d with the mney?
If I _____ a teacher, I wuld …
(2) 与过去的事实相反
从句的谓语用had ＋ 过去分词, 构成 If I (we, yu, he, they)＋had＋过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用shuld(第一人称)/wuld (第二、三人称) / culd / might have ＋动词过去分词。
If he __________ mre carefully, he _________________ the car accident yesterday.
had driven
wuld nt have had
If I __________ hw t swim,
I __________________ trapped in this island.
had learnt
wuld nt have been
a. If Tm ________ (be) mre careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.b. If yu _______ (get) up earlier, yu ________________ (catch) the first train.
wuld have passed
wuld have caught
c. If I ________ (meet) yu yesterday, we _______________ (g) t the cncert tgether.
wuld have gne
Slve prblems
The students failed the English exam. Culd yu give him sme suggestins?
(3) 与将来事实相反
从句的谓语用If I (we, yu, he, they) ＋动词过去式或 were t d 或shuld d 形式, 主句谓语用shuld(第一人称) /wuld (第二、三人称) /culd/ might ＋动词原形。
If yu succeeded, everything wuld be all right.If yu shuld succeed, everything wuld be all right.If yu were t succeed, everything wuld be all right.
If he gt up early,
he wuld be n time.
假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？
If he were t cme, what shuld we say t him.
假如他看见我, 就会认识我。
If he shuld see me, he wuld knw me.
a. If there _________ (be) n natural resurce any mre, we ___________ (make) use f nuclear pwer.b. What ____________ (happen) if yu ____________ (get up) t late tmrrw?
shuld get up
c. If Rbts ______________ (cntrl) the wrld sme day, here _________ (be) n friendship.
were t cntrl
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间, 这时主从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句。e.g. If yu had asked him yesterday, yu wuld knw what t d nw. 例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现 在事实相反。
If the staff had been mre careful,
the mall wuld nt be n fire nw.
wuld/culd/shuld/might +v. (原)
一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用 法。
wuld/culd/shuld/might + have + p.p.
1. 过去时2. shuld + v.3. were t d
wuld/culd/ shuld/ might + v. (原)
二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。
(1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用 过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用 were) 。
I wish I were as tall as yu.
I wish every day were my birthday.
I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten s much watermeln.
(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟: 从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。
The party was terrible, I wish I had never gne t it.
(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形 式为 “ wuld＋动词原形”。
注意: 主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。e.g. 但愿你立刻来。 I wish yu wuld cme sn.
I wish it wuld rain tmrrw.
2. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。
常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即: insist 2. rder, cmmand 3. advise, suggest, prpse4. demand, require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用shuld + 动词原形，或者将shuld省略。
e.g. 我们建议汤姆去休息一下。
We suggested that Tm (shuld) have a rest.
He insisted that I (shuld) be present.
The king rdered that the prisners (shuld) be killed the next day.
They requested that we (shuld) send them t wrk there.
e.g. 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：(shuld)＋v.rder, advice, suggestin, prpsal,demand, request, desire
e.g. It’s suggested that the plan be carried ut. My demand is that she shuld cme t see me nce a week. All f us are fr the advice that the chemical factry shuld be clsed dwn.
insist / suggest 不接虚拟的用法
e.g. She insisted that she was right. 她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实） His uncle insists that he shuld nt stay in the htel. 他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。
e.g. The lk n his face suggested that he was unhappy. I suggested that the teachers’ wages (shuld) be increased.
3. It’s (abut/high) time + (that)…
It’s time that yu went.It’s time that yu shuld g.
(shuld不可省略)
It’s time that we went t bed.It’s time that we shuld g t bed.
as if/as thugh
由as if (as thugh)或even thugh (even thugh) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 (be用were) 或 “had＋过去分词”。
He behaves as if he wned the huse.
(But he desn’t wn it r prbably desn’t wn it r we dn’t knw whether he wns it r nt.)
She talks abut Rme as thugh she had been there herself.
他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。
He treats me as if I were a stranger.
注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
Even if she were here, she culd nt slve the prblem.
4. wuld rather (that)
I wuld rather yu paid me nw.
I wuld rather yu had gne, t.
Dn’t cme. I wuld rather yu came tmrrw.
根据语境或括号内的提示，用虚拟语气完成下列对话。
1. A: Why desn’t Sally get gd grades? B: She desn’t study enugh. If _____ ______________________________ ________2. A: Why dn’t I feel energetic? B: Yu dn’t sleep enugh. If _______ ______________________________
she studied enugh, she’d get gd grades.
yu slept enugh, yu’d feel energetic.
3. A: I wnder why Alan makes s many mistakes. B: I dn’t knw. He must be careless. A: Yu’re prbably right. If _______ _____________________________ _______________________
he weren’t careless, he wuldn’t make s many mistakes.
4. A: Des Mr. Rbinsn enjy being a teacher? B: Nt really. ___________________ ________ (an actr)
He wishes he were an actr.
5. A: Des Sarah enjy having tw part-time jbs? B: Nt really. _____________________ _________________ (ne gd fulltime jb)
She wishes she had ne gd full-time jb.
6. A: Can Steve use a cmputer? B: N, he can’t, but he wishes he culd. _____________________________ ____________________ (be able t get a better jb)
If he culd use a cmputer, he’d be able t get a better jb.
句型练习 (用If I were yu句型翻译下列句子)
1. 我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。2. 如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。3. 万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。4. 我希望我十年前认识他。5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。