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高中英语人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 5 Travelling abroad评课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 5 Travelling abroad评课课件ppt，共49页。PPT课件主要包含了动词的时态和语态，一般现在时的用法，一般将来时的用法，过去将来时的用法，现在完成时的用法，过去完成时的用法，将来完成时的用法，现在进行时的用法，过去进行时的用法，现在完成进行时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第四学时 Grammar
语 法 精 讲
1．表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语有： always，ften，never，smetimes，every，per, n Sunday等。I leave hme fr schl at 7 every mrning.She always watches TV n Sunday evenings.2．表示客观真理，客观存在、科学的事实。The earth mves arund the sun.Shanghai lies in the east f China.
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语时态要用一般现在时。Clumbus prved that the earth is rund.3．表示格言或警句。Pride ges befre a fall.骄者必败。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。Hard wrk leads t success/Sussess lies in hard wrk.4．现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dn't want s much.
Mr. Wang writes gd English but des nt speak well.5．“be＋介词＋名词”结构，表示现在的状态，相当于现在进行时。We are at table.＝ We're having a dinner.
二、一般过去时的用法
1．一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hur ag，the ther day，in 1982 等。Where did yu g just nw?2．表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child，I ften played ftball in the street.
3．wish，wnder，think，hpe 等用过去时，表试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thught yu might have sme.我以为你可能有一些。比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Mr.Green used t smke.(格林先生以前抽烟)Christine was an invalid(虚弱) all her life. (她已不在人间)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(她现在还活着)Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky fr seven years. (达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州)Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky fr seven years. (现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
1．shall用于第一人称， will 在陈述句中用于各人称。Which paragraph shall I read first?Will yu be at hme at seven this evening?2．“be ging＋不定式”，表示将来。(1)主语的意图，即将做某事。What are yu ging t d tmrrw?(2)计划，安排要发生的事。The play is ging t be prduced next mnth.
(3)有迹象要发生的事。Lk at the dark cluds，there is ging t be a strm.3．“be＋不定式”表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are t discuss the reprt next Saturday.4．“be abut ＋不定式”，意为“马上做某事”。He is abut t leave fr Beijing.注意：be abut t 不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用。
be ging t/will 用于条件句时，be ging t表将来， will表意愿。If yu are ging t make a jurney，yu'd better get ready fr it as sn as pssible.如果你要去旅游的话，最好尽快做准备。Nw if yu will take ff yur clthes，we will fit the new clthes n yu.如果你愿意脱下衣服的话，我们将给你试穿新衣服。
be t/be ging t：be t 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。 be ging t 表示主观的打算或计划。I am t play ftball tmrrw afternn. (客观安排)I'm ging t play ftball tmrrw afternn.(主观安排) 5．现在时表将来，常见的动词有want, hpe, wish等I hpe t be admitted t a key university in 2016.Tmrrw is Friday.
注意：(1)一般现在时表将来的用法。①下列短暂性动词：cme，g，arrive，leave，start，begin，return 的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tmrrw mrning. —When des the bus start? —It starts in ten minutes.②在时间或条件从句中。When Bill cmes，ask him t wait fr me.I'll write t yu as sn as I arrive there.
③在hpe，take care that，make sure that等后。I hpe they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the windws are clsed befre yu leave the rm.(2)用现在进行时表示将来，意为“意图”“打算”“安排”，常用于人。常用动词为cme，g，start，arrive，leave，stay，die等。 I'm leaving tmrrw. We're flying t New Yrk next mnth.I hear ld Brwn is dying sn.
过去将来时用来表示间接引用某人过去的话和想法，也表示过去某个习惯性的动作；在虚拟条件句中，表示非真实的动作或状态。有时还表示客气的请求或者说话者的某种愿望。He warned us that the trip wuld be adventurus.(间接引语)At dusk，these ld men wuld sit in rcking chairs and chat freely and happily.(过去的习惯动作)
If I were yu，I wuld nt lse this gd chance.(虚拟语气)Wuld yu mind helping me t fetch sme chalk frm the ffice?I wuld like a cup f cffee，please.(客气的请求)
1．现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。My father has wrked in this university fr twenty years.(＝My father began t wrk in this university twenty years ag，and he is still wrking here.)
2．用于现在完成时的句型。(1)It is the first/secnd ，结构中的从句部分的谓语用完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the by had been late.(2)This is 结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
3．比较since和fr : since 用来说明动作起始时间，fr用来说明动作延续时间的长度。I have lived here fr mre than twenty years.I have lived here since I was brn.I have knwn Xia Li since she was a little girl.My brther has been in the Yuth League fr tw years.4．since 的四种用法。(1)since＋过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点，如1980，last mnth，half past six)。
I have been here since 1989. (2)since＋一段时间＋ ag。I have been here since five mnths ag.(3)since＋从句。Great changes have taken place since yu left.(4)It is＋一段时间＋ since从句。It is tw years since I became a student here.It is five weeks since he was married t her.
现在完成时常用的信息词：s far, by nw, ver time，since＋过去时间，since＋一段时间＋ag, recently, lately, till nw, in the past/last/recent＋时间名词，by the end f＋现在时间。
1．概念：表示过去的过去，其构成是 “had＋过去分词”。2．用法。(1)在tld，said，knew，heard，thught等动词后的宾语从句中。She said (that) she had never been t Paris.(2)在过去不同时间内发生的两个动作中，其中发生在先的动作用过去完成时；发生在后的，用一般过去时。
Befre/When the plice arrived，the thieves had run away.(3)表示意向的动词，如hpe，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppse等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。We had hped that yu wuld cme，but yu didn't.3．过去完成时的时间状语：befre，by，until，when，after，nce，as sn as。He said that he had learned sme English befre.
By the time he was twelve，Edisn had begun t make a living by himself.Tm was disappinted that mst f the guests had left when he arrived at the party.The students were writing busily when Miss Brwn went t get a bk she had left in the ffice.注意：用一般过去时代替完成时的用法： (1)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
Our teacher tld us that Clumbus discvered America in 1492.(2)句中有 befre，after时用一般过去时代替过去完成时。He (had) studied maths frm his brther befre he went t schl.After he (had) finished his wrk，ld Tm went t sleep.
1．构成：will have dne sth.。2．概念。(1)状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某时为止一直具有的状态。(2)动作完成：表示将来某时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。They will have been married fr 20 years by 2013.Yu will have reached Shanghai by this time tmrrw.
1．概念。(1)表示现在正在进行的动作。The plice are searching the frest fr the murderer.(2)表示渐变，动词有get，grw，becme，turn，run，g，begin等。The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.
(3)与always，cnstantly，frever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。Yu are always changing yur mind.2．注意以下动词不用进行时。 (1)事实状态的动词：have，belng，pssess，cst，we，exist，include，cntain，matter，weigh，measure，cntinue。I have tw brthers.
This huse belngs t my sister.(2)心理状态的动词：knw，realize，think，see，believe，suppse，imagine，agree，recgnize，remember，want，need，frget，perfect，mean，understand，lve，hate。I need yur help.He lves her very much.(3)瞬间动词：accept，receive，cmplete，finish，give，allw，decide，refuse。
I accept yur advice.(4)系动词：seem，remain，lie，see，hear，smell，feel，taste，get，becme，turn。Yu seem a little tired.
1．概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2．过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在发生。3．常用的时间状语：this mrning，the whle mrning，all day yesterday，frm nine t ten yesterday evening，when，while。It was raining when they left the statin.When I gt t the tp f the muntain，the sun was shining.
1．概念：表示一个动作从过去开始，到现在仍在进行中。2．结构：have/has been ding。 I have_been_wrking fr tw hurs, that's why I'm s exhausted.
1．一般现在时代替将来时(见一般现在时的用法)。2．一般现在时代替过去时。 (1)“书上说”“报纸上说”等。The newspaper says that it's ging t be cld tmrrw.报纸上说明天会很冷的。(2)叙述往事，使其生动。Naplen's army nw advances and the great battle begins.3. 现在进行时代替将来时(见现在进行时的用法)。
1．主动语态与被动语态。(1)当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语用被动语态。被动语态由助动词“be＋过去分词”构成，时态通过be表现出来。Everyne is_required t be quiet in the reading－rm.After the strm，all the crps were_destryed in my hme cuntry.
The prblem will_be_discussed at the meeting tmrrw.A new highway is_being_built in Guangzhu.The new tl was_being_made in the twn at that time.The flr has_been_washed．They tld me that the prject had_been_cmpleted．The bss said that mre gd prducts wuld_be_prduced in his factry.
(2)情态动词的被动结构：情态动词(情态动词词组)＋be＋过去分词。常见的情态动词的被动结构有：have/has/had t be dne，ught t be dne，be suppsed t be dne。Such accidents must_be_prevented frm happening again.Measures shuld_be_taken t stp peple smking in public places.
(3)带不定式的被动结构：t be dne。Babies need_t_be_taken gd care f.The exam paper is_ging_t_be_crrected．(4)短语动词的被动结构。A new law has_been_carried ut t prtect the wild animals and plants here.The sprts meeting was_put_ff until next week.
注意：用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待，即要把它们看作一个及物动词。这类动词常用的有：①agree t，ask fr，call fr，laugh at，listen t，lk after，perate n，send fr，talk abut，think f.②bring abut，carry ut，find ut，give up，hand in，make ut，pass n，pint ut，put away，put ff，take up，think ver，turn dwn，turn n，wipe ut，wrk ut.
③d away with，face up t，give in t，lk dwn upn，make up fr，put up with.④catch sight f，keep an eye n，make use f，make a fl f，pay attentin t，put an end t，set fire t，take care f，take hld f，take ntice f.Hwever，she was_turned_dwn by them.Patients will_be_lked_after well here.Attentin shuld_be_paid_t yur prnunciatin.Time shuld_be_made_gd_use f by each student.
2．主动形式表被动意义。(1)当某物充当主语时，有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意思。常用的动词有sell，read，feel，write，wear，wash，pen，clean，ck，keep，cut，fill，blw，measure，lck, run，recrd，begin，shut等。All the machines run well.Class begins at eight in the mrning.Yur cmpsitin reads well.This pen writes smthly.
This cat wears well.As we all knw，her bks desn't sell well at present.(2)表示状态特征的连系动词， 如：lk，smell，taste，sund，feel，prve，appear，seem等的主动形式表被动意思。What he said prved t be crrect.Cttn feels sft.The rses smell sweet.Gd medicine tastes bitter.
His sentence desn't sund right.The lecture seemed endless. (3)在“be＋介词＋名词”结构中，常用主动形式表达被动含义。The rad is under repair.(＝The rad is being repaired.)The questin is under discussin.(＝The questin is being discussed.)(4)某些动词以物作主语时，其进行时也可表示被动意义。
The dinner is cking.The bk is printing.The huse is still building.Preparatins are making.(5)不定式的主动意思表被动的含义。①不定式作定语用时。I can't g t the theatre with yu，fr I have t much hmewrk t d.I will give her smething t read.
②在形容词后作状语的不定式说明句中在哪个方面存在形容词所表示的情况，且与句中主语构成动宾关系时，可用主动形式表被动意义。常见的形容词：easy，difficult，cmfrtable，dangerus，hard，heavy，impssible。The questin he asked is hard t answer.The chair is cmfrtable t sit n.It is dangerus t g ut alne at night.His telephne number is easy t remember.The man was nce very difficult t deal with.
③在There be句型中，两种形式都可以用。There are many questins t discuss/t be discussed.There is nthing t d/t be dne.(6)need，want，require，deserve，be wrth＋ding用主动形式表示被动意义。The watch needs repairing.(t be repaired)The flr wants washing.The bk is wrth reading a secnd time.
(7)“be t blame”表示主动。N ne is t blame fr the accident.
第四学时 Grammar
语 法 精 讲
1．表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语有： always，ften，never，smetimes，every，per, n Sunday等。I leave hme fr schl at 7 every mrning.She always watches TV n Sunday evenings.2．表示客观真理，客观存在、科学的事实。The earth mves arund the sun.Shanghai lies in the east f China.
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语时态要用一般现在时。Clumbus prved that the earth is rund.3．表示格言或警句。Pride ges befre a fall.骄者必败。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。Hard wrk leads t success/Sussess lies in hard wrk.4．现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dn't want s much.
Mr. Wang writes gd English but des nt speak well.5．“be＋介词＋名词”结构，表示现在的状态，相当于现在进行时。We are at table.＝ We're having a dinner.
二、一般过去时的用法
1．一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hur ag，the ther day，in 1982 等。Where did yu g just nw?2．表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child，I ften played ftball in the street.
3．wish，wnder，think，hpe 等用过去时，表试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thught yu might have sme.我以为你可能有一些。比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Mr.Green used t smke.(格林先生以前抽烟)Christine was an invalid(虚弱) all her life. (她已不在人间)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(她现在还活着)Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky fr seven years. (达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州)Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky fr seven years. (现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
1．shall用于第一人称， will 在陈述句中用于各人称。Which paragraph shall I read first?Will yu be at hme at seven this evening?2．“be ging＋不定式”，表示将来。(1)主语的意图，即将做某事。What are yu ging t d tmrrw?(2)计划，安排要发生的事。The play is ging t be prduced next mnth.
(3)有迹象要发生的事。Lk at the dark cluds，there is ging t be a strm.3．“be＋不定式”表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are t discuss the reprt next Saturday.4．“be abut ＋不定式”，意为“马上做某事”。He is abut t leave fr Beijing.注意：be abut t 不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用。
be ging t/will 用于条件句时，be ging t表将来， will表意愿。If yu are ging t make a jurney，yu'd better get ready fr it as sn as pssible.如果你要去旅游的话，最好尽快做准备。Nw if yu will take ff yur clthes，we will fit the new clthes n yu.如果你愿意脱下衣服的话，我们将给你试穿新衣服。
be t/be ging t：be t 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。 be ging t 表示主观的打算或计划。I am t play ftball tmrrw afternn. (客观安排)I'm ging t play ftball tmrrw afternn.(主观安排) 5．现在时表将来，常见的动词有want, hpe, wish等I hpe t be admitted t a key university in 2016.Tmrrw is Friday.
注意：(1)一般现在时表将来的用法。①下列短暂性动词：cme，g，arrive，leave，start，begin，return 的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tmrrw mrning. —When des the bus start? —It starts in ten minutes.②在时间或条件从句中。When Bill cmes，ask him t wait fr me.I'll write t yu as sn as I arrive there.
③在hpe，take care that，make sure that等后。I hpe they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the windws are clsed befre yu leave the rm.(2)用现在进行时表示将来，意为“意图”“打算”“安排”，常用于人。常用动词为cme，g，start，arrive，leave，stay，die等。 I'm leaving tmrrw. We're flying t New Yrk next mnth.I hear ld Brwn is dying sn.
过去将来时用来表示间接引用某人过去的话和想法，也表示过去某个习惯性的动作；在虚拟条件句中，表示非真实的动作或状态。有时还表示客气的请求或者说话者的某种愿望。He warned us that the trip wuld be adventurus.(间接引语)At dusk，these ld men wuld sit in rcking chairs and chat freely and happily.(过去的习惯动作)
If I were yu，I wuld nt lse this gd chance.(虚拟语气)Wuld yu mind helping me t fetch sme chalk frm the ffice?I wuld like a cup f cffee，please.(客气的请求)
1．现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。My father has wrked in this university fr twenty years.(＝My father began t wrk in this university twenty years ag，and he is still wrking here.)
2．用于现在完成时的句型。(1)It is the first/secnd ，结构中的从句部分的谓语用完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the by had been late.(2)This is 结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
3．比较since和fr : since 用来说明动作起始时间，fr用来说明动作延续时间的长度。I have lived here fr mre than twenty years.I have lived here since I was brn.I have knwn Xia Li since she was a little girl.My brther has been in the Yuth League fr tw years.4．since 的四种用法。(1)since＋过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点，如1980，last mnth，half past six)。
I have been here since 1989. (2)since＋一段时间＋ ag。I have been here since five mnths ag.(3)since＋从句。Great changes have taken place since yu left.(4)It is＋一段时间＋ since从句。It is tw years since I became a student here.It is five weeks since he was married t her.
现在完成时常用的信息词：s far, by nw, ver time，since＋过去时间，since＋一段时间＋ag, recently, lately, till nw, in the past/last/recent＋时间名词，by the end f＋现在时间。
1．概念：表示过去的过去，其构成是 “had＋过去分词”。2．用法。(1)在tld，said，knew，heard，thught等动词后的宾语从句中。She said (that) she had never been t Paris.(2)在过去不同时间内发生的两个动作中，其中发生在先的动作用过去完成时；发生在后的，用一般过去时。
Befre/When the plice arrived，the thieves had run away.(3)表示意向的动词，如hpe，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppse等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。We had hped that yu wuld cme，but yu didn't.3．过去完成时的时间状语：befre，by，until，when，after，nce，as sn as。He said that he had learned sme English befre.
By the time he was twelve，Edisn had begun t make a living by himself.Tm was disappinted that mst f the guests had left when he arrived at the party.The students were writing busily when Miss Brwn went t get a bk she had left in the ffice.注意：用一般过去时代替完成时的用法： (1)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
Our teacher tld us that Clumbus discvered America in 1492.(2)句中有 befre，after时用一般过去时代替过去完成时。He (had) studied maths frm his brther befre he went t schl.After he (had) finished his wrk，ld Tm went t sleep.
1．构成：will have dne sth.。2．概念。(1)状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某时为止一直具有的状态。(2)动作完成：表示将来某时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。They will have been married fr 20 years by 2013.Yu will have reached Shanghai by this time tmrrw.
1．概念。(1)表示现在正在进行的动作。The plice are searching the frest fr the murderer.(2)表示渐变，动词有get，grw，becme，turn，run，g，begin等。The leaves are turning red.It's getting warmer and warmer.
(3)与always，cnstantly，frever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。Yu are always changing yur mind.2．注意以下动词不用进行时。 (1)事实状态的动词：have，belng，pssess，cst，we，exist，include，cntain，matter，weigh，measure，cntinue。I have tw brthers.
This huse belngs t my sister.(2)心理状态的动词：knw，realize，think，see，believe，suppse，imagine，agree，recgnize，remember，want，need，frget，perfect，mean，understand，lve，hate。I need yur help.He lves her very much.(3)瞬间动词：accept，receive，cmplete，finish，give，allw，decide，refuse。
I accept yur advice.(4)系动词：seem，remain，lie，see，hear，smell，feel，taste，get，becme，turn。Yu seem a little tired.
1．概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2．过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在发生。3．常用的时间状语：this mrning，the whle mrning，all day yesterday，frm nine t ten yesterday evening，when，while。It was raining when they left the statin.When I gt t the tp f the muntain，the sun was shining.
1．概念：表示一个动作从过去开始，到现在仍在进行中。2．结构：have/has been ding。 I have_been_wrking fr tw hurs, that's why I'm s exhausted.
1．一般现在时代替将来时(见一般现在时的用法)。2．一般现在时代替过去时。 (1)“书上说”“报纸上说”等。The newspaper says that it's ging t be cld tmrrw.报纸上说明天会很冷的。(2)叙述往事，使其生动。Naplen's army nw advances and the great battle begins.3. 现在进行时代替将来时(见现在进行时的用法)。
1．主动语态与被动语态。(1)当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语用被动语态。被动语态由助动词“be＋过去分词”构成，时态通过be表现出来。Everyne is_required t be quiet in the reading－rm.After the strm，all the crps were_destryed in my hme cuntry.
The prblem will_be_discussed at the meeting tmrrw.A new highway is_being_built in Guangzhu.The new tl was_being_made in the twn at that time.The flr has_been_washed．They tld me that the prject had_been_cmpleted．The bss said that mre gd prducts wuld_be_prduced in his factry.
(2)情态动词的被动结构：情态动词(情态动词词组)＋be＋过去分词。常见的情态动词的被动结构有：have/has/had t be dne，ught t be dne，be suppsed t be dne。Such accidents must_be_prevented frm happening again.Measures shuld_be_taken t stp peple smking in public places.
(3)带不定式的被动结构：t be dne。Babies need_t_be_taken gd care f.The exam paper is_ging_t_be_crrected．(4)短语动词的被动结构。A new law has_been_carried ut t prtect the wild animals and plants here.The sprts meeting was_put_ff until next week.
注意：用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待，即要把它们看作一个及物动词。这类动词常用的有：①agree t，ask fr，call fr，laugh at，listen t，lk after，perate n，send fr，talk abut，think f.②bring abut，carry ut，find ut，give up，hand in，make ut，pass n，pint ut，put away，put ff，take up，think ver，turn dwn，turn n，wipe ut，wrk ut.
③d away with，face up t，give in t，lk dwn upn，make up fr，put up with.④catch sight f，keep an eye n，make use f，make a fl f，pay attentin t，put an end t，set fire t，take care f，take hld f，take ntice f.Hwever，she was_turned_dwn by them.Patients will_be_lked_after well here.Attentin shuld_be_paid_t yur prnunciatin.Time shuld_be_made_gd_use f by each student.
2．主动形式表被动意义。(1)当某物充当主语时，有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意思。常用的动词有sell，read，feel，write，wear，wash，pen，clean，ck，keep，cut，fill，blw，measure，lck, run，recrd，begin，shut等。All the machines run well.Class begins at eight in the mrning.Yur cmpsitin reads well.This pen writes smthly.
This cat wears well.As we all knw，her bks desn't sell well at present.(2)表示状态特征的连系动词， 如：lk，smell，taste，sund，feel，prve，appear，seem等的主动形式表被动意思。What he said prved t be crrect.Cttn feels sft.The rses smell sweet.Gd medicine tastes bitter.
His sentence desn't sund right.The lecture seemed endless. (3)在“be＋介词＋名词”结构中，常用主动形式表达被动含义。The rad is under repair.(＝The rad is being repaired.)The questin is under discussin.(＝The questin is being discussed.)(4)某些动词以物作主语时，其进行时也可表示被动意义。
The dinner is cking.The bk is printing.The huse is still building.Preparatins are making.(5)不定式的主动意思表被动的含义。①不定式作定语用时。I can't g t the theatre with yu，fr I have t much hmewrk t d.I will give her smething t read.
②在形容词后作状语的不定式说明句中在哪个方面存在形容词所表示的情况，且与句中主语构成动宾关系时，可用主动形式表被动意义。常见的形容词：easy，difficult，cmfrtable，dangerus，hard，heavy，impssible。The questin he asked is hard t answer.The chair is cmfrtable t sit n.It is dangerus t g ut alne at night.His telephne number is easy t remember.The man was nce very difficult t deal with.
③在There be句型中，两种形式都可以用。There are many questins t discuss/t be discussed.There is nthing t d/t be dne.(6)need，want，require，deserve，be wrth＋ding用主动形式表示被动意义。The watch needs repairing.(t be repaired)The flr wants washing.The bk is wrth reading a secnd time.
(7)“be t blame”表示主动。N ne is t blame fr the accident.
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