人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 1 Women of achievement复习练习题

这是一份人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 1 Women of achievement复习练习题，共33页。

Unit 1　Women of achievement 　
Using Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 用本单元适当的单词补全语境
1. a large audience　　　　　　　　大批观众
2. the young generation 年轻一代
3. those small acts of kindness 那些小小的善举
4. a very considerate person 非常体贴的人
5. remain modest 保持谦虚
6. the system of the sickness 疾病系统
7. intend to go there 打算去那里
8. deliver a speech 发表演讲
9. the rate of growth 增长率
10. in the emergency 紧急情况; 突发事件
Ⅱ. 根据语境用适当的词补全短语
1. I promised not to refer to the matter again.
2. The pair met often — at first by chance but later by design.
3. While cleaning the room yesterday, I came across an old photograph of my mother.
4. They carried on building the house though they were tired out.
5. One story in his book caught my eye while I was reading it the other day.
6. He sat down in the armchair and turned on the radio.
7. They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the schools.
8. I could only devote two hours a day to the work.
9. I also found out that he had no food in the house.
10. This book is intended for the general reader rather than the student.
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. It seemed that (似乎)she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles(以及写书和写文章).  
2. Suddenly it hit me (突然意识到)how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.  
3. Further reading(延伸阅读)made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into a medical school.  
4. What made her succeed later on (后来让她成功的是)was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.  
阅读精析·合作学习
Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 
Match the general idea of every paragraph.
Part 1(Para. 1)　　　　_____________ 
Part 2(Paras. 2, 3) _____________ 
Part 3(Para. 4) _____________ 
A. What Lin Qiaozhi had done helped the author to find the life goal.
B. The author’s doubt about what he should study at university.
C. Lin Qiaozhi’s personalities and her achievements.
答案: Part 1-B　Part 2-C　Part 3-A
Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究 
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)From Para. 1, what can we infer?
A. The writer’s homework was to change her life.
B. The writer liked biology and chemistry.
C. The writer was a middle school student.
D. The writer was studying at university.
(2)The small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies was intended for the_________.  
A. women who would give birth to a baby
B. persons who wanted to keep healthy
C. women who lived in the countryside
D. women who couldn’t reach the countryside
(3)Which of the following statements about Lin Qiaozhi is NOT true?
A. She did some research on great women in China.
B. She wrote a book for women in the countryside about how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.
C. She is a hard-working woman with determination and gentle nature.
D. Her kindness and consideration made her succeed later.
(4)From the passage we can infer that _______.  
A. in the early 20th century women didn’t have the same right as men in education
B. Lin Qiaozhi was a specialist because she was the cleverest lady of her time
C. as a university student, the writer decided to be a second Lin Qiaozhi
D. poor people in the countryside could never reach a doctor if they had an emergency
(5)The main idea of the passage is_______.  
A. Lin Qiaozhi’s achievements as a doctor
B. that the writer was greatly inspired by Lin Qiaozhi and decided to study at medical college
C. that Lin Qiaozhi helped lots of poor people in the countryside
D. why Lin Qiaozhi chose to be a doctor
答案: (1)～(5)CCAAB
2. 根据文章内容完成空格。
Lin Qiaozhi (1901-1983)
profession
a (1)specialist in women’s diseases
character
◆(2)gentle nature and determination
◆kindness and (3)consideration
what she did
◆She managed to study at a (4)medical school.
◆She travelled (5)abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.
◆Instead of having a family of her own, she devoted her whole life to her patients and made sure that about 50, 000 babies were safely (6)delivered.
3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。

译文: 直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国伟大的女性时, 我才知道了答案。

译文: 这是一本小书, 介绍了从妇女怀孕和护理婴儿的过程中如何降低死亡率。
Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
　　What do you think are the important qualities that a doctor should have?
I think a doctor should be kind, competent and devoted.  
2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)我有一个好朋友叫王琳, 她谦虚(modest)又体贴(considerate)。
(2)虽然她有残疾, 但她从不瞧不起(look down upon)自己。
(3)上个月她被邀请去一所学校发表(deliver)演讲。
(4)演讲持续(carry on)了两个小时, 但王琳没有看(refer to)她的笔记本。
(5)她的演讲非常精彩, 观众(audience)给予她热烈的掌声。
I have a good friend named Wang Lin, who is modest and considerate. Although she is disabled, she never looks down upon herself. Last month she was invited to go to a school to deliver a speech. The speech carried on for two hours but Wang Lin didn’t refer to her notebook. Her speech was so brilliant that the audience gave her a warm applause.  
　　　　　　　　　　　　要点精研·探究学习
1. refer to查阅; 参考; 谈到; 涉及; 指的是
*If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb. 如果group这个词指不同的成员, 则谓语动词使用复数。
*She always referred to Ben as ‘that nice man’.
她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
*You should refer this argument to the head office for a decision.
你应把这次辩论提交总部去决定。
*She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她没有提到她的疾病, 只说了她未来的计划。

refer to. . . as. . . 　　　　　把……称作……
refer. . . to. . . 将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)
reference n. 说到, 提及, 参考
in/with reference to 关于
观察并思考refer to 与 look up 的异同:
Can I refer to your dictionary? I want to look up a new word in it.
答案: refer to作“查询, 查找”讲时, 其宾语多为book, dictionary等; look up意为“查找”, 其宾语应为“查找的内容”。 

(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.
当时的趋势是向“便士报”发展, 便士报是一个术语, 指的是公众可以广泛阅览的报纸。

(1)语法填空。
①My doctor referred me to a specialist.
②Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend.
③Complete the exercises without referring (refer) to a dictionary.
④There is no direct reference (refer) to her own childhood in the novel.
(2)选词填空(look up/refer to)。
Don’t always refer to the dictionary when coming across new words. Only if a word is very important can you look up the word in your dictionary.  
2. come across(偶然) 遇见; 碰见; 被理解
*By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women’s diseases.
很偶然地, 我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章, 她是妇科专家。
* The car accident was horrible, but nobody knows how it came about. 那次车祸真可怕, 但是没有人知道它是怎么造成的。
* The moon came out from behind the clouds.
月亮从云后露出脸来。
*When it comes to diet and exercise, we know what to do, but we don’t do what we know.
当谈及饮食和锻炼时我们知道怎么做, 但是我们不会按照我们知道的去做。
*I’ll let him know if anything comes up.
如有什么事发生, 我会告诉他的。

come about　　　　　　发生
come on 加油; 到来
come out 出来; 出版; 结果是
come to 达到; 谈到
When it comes to. . . 当谈及……
come up (太阳)升起; 发生; 被提及
come up with sth. 找到/提出某事(物)

　　come about是不及物动词短语, 不能用于被动语态, 常指情况不受人控制地突然发生。有时用it作形式主语, that从句作真正主语。

(2020·江苏高考)When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot.
说到面对面幽默, 努力是很重要的。

(1)介、副词填空。
①The meaning of this word will come across to you sooner or later.
②That came about when we went to Glastonbury last year.
③To some extent, what you came up with is practical.
④Come on!We don’t have much time.
(2)When it comes to the Internet, he is always very excited.  
当谈到因特网时, 他总是很兴奋。
3. intend　vt. 计划; 打算
*This money is intended for the development of the tourist industry. 这笔钱准备用于旅游业的开发。
*I intend to take full advantage of this trip to buy the things we need. 我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们所需的物品。
*The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character. 作者显然想使读者能与主人公产生共鸣。
*She’s full of good intentions but they rarely work out.
她虽然处处出于善意, 却很少产生效果。

(1)be intended for　　　　专门为……而设计的;
专供……使用的
intend sb. /sth. for. . . 打算使某人/某物成为……;
想让某人/某物从事……
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
intend that. . . 打算; 想……
(2)intention n. 用意; 目的; 意图
without intention 无意地; 不是故意地
【知识延伸】 如何表述“本打算做某事”
had intended to do sth. =intended to have done sth.
had planned to do sth. =planned to have done sth.
had meant to do sth. =meant to have done sth.

(1)语法填空。
①He intends to study/studying abroad next year.
②I intend you to come with me.
③This book is intended for children.
(2)句型转换。
①They intended that the plan should be put into practice within this year. (改为简单句)
→They intended the plan to be put into practice within this year.  
②Peter had intended to take a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2019. (用不定式的完成式改写)
→Peter intended to have taken a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2019.  
③The green map is intended for travelers, so it sells well. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Intended for travelers, the green map sells well.  
4. deliver vt. 递送; 生(小孩儿); 接生; 发表(演说等)
*There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后, 又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生, 而这些家庭不能付给她报酬。
*She was delivered of a healthy boy in hospital last night.
她昨天晚上在医院生下了一个健康的男孩儿。
* Did you deliver my message to my mother?
你把我的信息传给我母亲了吗?
*She is due to deliver a lecture on 5G engineering.
根据安排她要作一个关于5G工程的演讲。

deliver a baby　　　　　助产; 接生
be delivered of a baby 分娩; 生孩子
deliver. . . to. . . 把……交给/传递给……
deliver a speech 发表演说
delivery n. 递, 递送
【巧学助记】图解deliver多层含义

【熟词生义】
*When he was young, he was well educated, which delivered him from ignorance.
年轻时他受到了良好的教育, 这把他从无知中解救出来。 (vt. 解救)

Delivery our words not by number but by weight.
话不在多, 而在其分量。(喻指一言一句的重要性)

(1)写出下列句中deliver的含义。
①The doctor delivered the twins safely last night. (接生)
②He delivered the opening speech at the opening ceremony of the 2018 World Cup. (发表)
③It is very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning. (递送)
(2)语法填空。
①Mail is delivered (deliver) to our office twice a day.  
②Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered (deliver).  
③Home milk delivery (deliver) has almost disappeared in China now, and gone with it are milkmen.
5. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.  
我突然想起在那个年代, 一个女子去学医是多么难。
【句式解构】
(1)句中使用了“It hit(s) me+从句”结构, 意思是“我突然想到……”, it在句中作形式主语。
(2)常用的类似句型还有:
It occurs to sb. that. . . ?(某人)突然想到……
It strikes sb. that. . . (某人)突然想到……
*It hit me that I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误的而不是正确的事情。
*It occurred to me that I had forgotten her birthday.
我突然想起来我把她的生日忘了。
*It struck me that there was no one at home.
我突然想起家中没有人。
一句多译。
我突然想起以前在什么地方见过他。
(1)It hit me that I had met him somewhere. (hit) 
(2)It struck me that I had met him somewhere. (strike)  
(3)It occurred to me that I had met him somewhere. (occur) 
【要点拾遗】
1. audience n. [C] 观众; 听众; 读者
*The audience is/are always excited by a wonderful goal.
一个精彩的进球总会使观众激动。
*She has created a style of music that has delighted audiences all over the world.
她创造出了一种能令全世界的听众都感到快乐的音乐风格。
*There was a large audience of young people at the pop concert. 流行音乐演奏会上有大量青年听众。

(1)audience为集合名词, 作主语时, 若强调个体, 则谓语动词用复数; 若强调整体, 则谓语动词用单数。
(2)audiences通常指很多群观众, 多个场次的观众。
(3)表达听(观)众人数的多或少时, 通常用large, huge以及small, thin等形容词修饰, 而不用many或few。

(2020· 天津高考)The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet clapping for 10 minutes at the end of the show. 在表演结束时, 这位舞者的精彩表演赢得了观众10分钟的掌声。
语法填空。
(1)The audience are (be) leaving their seats.
(2)The audience was/were(be) enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.
(3)The audience was(be) so large that no seat was left in the grand hall.
2. by chance 碰巧; 凑巧
* I met my best friend by chance in Beijing.
我在北京偶然遇到了我最好的朋友。
*Only in this way can you have a chance to achieve your goal.
只有通过这种方式, 你才有机会实现你的目标。
*Chances are that he has already known it.
他可能已经知道这件事了。

(1)by any chance　　　　　万一; 也许, 可能
(2)have a chance to do/of doing sth.
有机会做某事
by chance的同义短语及反义词/短语
同义短语: by accident
反义词/短语: purposely; by design; on purpose

Although we have met by chance, we do have a lot in common.
虽然萍水相逢, 你我却很谈得来。(喻指: 偶然相遇, 但一见如故)

(1)语法填空。
①I chanced to run (run) into her one night and got her e-mail address.  
②There is a chance that you will pass the exam.
③I didn’t know anything about it. I just heard of it by chance.
(2)同义句转换。
①I chanced to meet my old friend while shopping there.
→I met my old friend by chance while shopping there.  
②It is impossible that they will win the match.
→There is no chance that they will win the match.  
3. consideration　n. [U] 体谅; 体贴; 关心; 考虑
*It was a question which deserved serious consideration.
这是一个值得认真考虑的问题。
*Safe driving is good driving because it takes into consideration the lives of other people.
安全驾驶是良好驾驶, 因为它顾及了他人的生命。
*It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
Michael通知我们他要迟到一会儿以防我们担心, 想得真周到。

(1)take. . . into consideration　　考虑到……; 体谅……
be under consideration 在考虑中; 在审议中
(2)considerate adj. 考虑周到的
It be considerate of sb. to do sth. 某人做事很体贴

(1)语法填空。
①I’ve always understood one should try to be considerate(consider) of other people.
②He said there should be careful consideration(consider) of the future role of the BBC.
③A number of proposals are under consideration.
(2)句型转换。
If you take all things into consideration, you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.
→With all things taken into consideration, you will find that governments would want to ban drugs. (用with复合结构改写) 
4. carry on 继续; 坚持
*Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?
为什么不像林巧稚那样去医学院学习, 继续她的有益的事业呢?
*She was yelling and screaming and carrying on.
她又喊又叫, 嘴里说个不停。
*All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.
我们所需要的是足够的钱以继续我们的工作。
*When the villagers saw that the floods had carried away the bridge, they gave themselves up for lost.
村民们看到洪水把桥冲走的时候, 他们认为是没有逃生的机会了。
【导图理词】


(1)语法填空。
①Carry on with your work and try to get it finished while I’m away.
②I’m determined to carry this through in spite of difficulties.
③Police say they believe the attacks were carried (carry)out by nationalists.  
④The old photos carry me back to the days when I was in San Francisco.
⑤Tom carried off three silver medals in World University Games.
(2)When he finished supper, he carried on his research.  
他吃完晚饭, 就继续做他的研究工作了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　主题活动·迁移应用
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
1. 描述人物特征常用词
①hard-working勤奋的　　②energetic精力充沛的
③active积极的 ④determined坚决的
⑤intelligent聪明的 ⑥fair公平的
⑦generous慷慨的 ⑧kind友善的
⑨helpful有益的 ⑩modest谦虚的
confident自信的 brave勇敢的
honest诚实的 considerate体贴的
unselfish无私的 devoted忠诚的
educated有教养的 warm-hearted热心的
2. 介绍人物常用句式
①What does she look like ?
她长什么样?
②Why do you admire her?
你为什么佩服她?
③What did she do to impress you most ?
她做了什么让你印象最深?
④How would you describe her ?
你怎么形容她?
⑤Why did she choose to. . . ?
她为什么选择……?
⑥What are her strengths / weaknesses ?
她的优点/缺点是什么?
⑦Can you give an example to show. . . ?
你能举个例子来说明……?
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
W: Hi, there, what’s your name?
M: Hi, 1. my name is Bob(我叫鲍勃). What is yours? 
W: My name is Shari and 2. nice to meet you(很高兴认识你).  
M: Nice to meet you too. How old are you?
W: 3. I’m twenty years old(我二十岁了), and you? 
M: Oh, I’m eighteen. My sister Mary is twenty, too.
W: Oh. What does Mary look like?
M: 4. She’s a little shorter than me(她比我矮一点). And she is beautiful, active and warm-hearted. Besides, she’s hard-working and ranks the first in her class. In her spare time, she likes to go hiking, 5. for she is brave(因为她很勇敢). What are your hobbies? 
W: I like swimming, taking pictures and painting.
M: That’s really nice, is it OK to tell me your phone number 6. so that I can contact you(以便我可以联系你)? 
W: Oh sure. it’s 123546987.
M: Thanks, mine is 978623451.
W: 7. I’m really glad to meet you(我很高兴见到你).  
M: Me too, and I hope to meet you soon.
W: Sure, bye.
M: Goodbye.
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. A large audience(听众) came to the stadium to listen to the speech delivered(发表)by Dr Smith on endangered species.
2. He cheered up when we refer to(谈到)the rate (比率)sales of the book.  
3. We are impressed with him because he is a modest(谦虚的) and considerate(考虑周到的) workmate.
4. He intends (打算)to set out for Beijing. Out of kindness (好意), he decides to buy some medicine for his neighbor who is suffering from sickness (疾病).
5. Please take the fact into consideration(考虑)that emergency(紧急情况) line operators must always stay calm. Can you make it?
Ⅱ. 选词填空
look down upon; catch one’s eye; by chance; can’t wait to; second to; carry on; care for; refer to; be intended for; come across
1. I was just picked up by them by chance! 
2. Though she was tired, she still carried on swimming.  
3. I came across one of my old classmates last night.  
4. He insisted that the matter referred to at the meeting be dealt with without delay.  
5. He was looked down upon because of his poor family.  
6. The scientists can’t wait to know the result of the experiment.  
7. This course is intended for students interested in classical music.  
8. They neglect the loved ones who care for them, and also their health.  
9. In the output of grain, China is second to none.  
10. While I was visiting him, a photograph on his desk caught my eye.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. It seems that I have no time to exercise.  
我好像没有时间锻炼。
2. It is due to my teacher’s encouragement that I can carry on my study.  
正是由于老师的鼓励我才能继续我的学业。
3. They managed to carry on their journey in spite of the bad weather.  
尽管天气很糟糕, 他们仍设法继续他们的旅行。
4. Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.  
在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
5. When marking his composition, the teacher also took his handwriting into consideration.  
当批改他的作文时, 老师把他的书写也考虑在内。
Ⅳ. 课文短文改错
　　I came across a article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi by chance. One of her books explained how to cut the death rate from having and care for babies caught my eye. Then I do some research by raising some question about her. Further reading made me to realize it was hard work and determined as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. And that made her succeed was her kindness and consideration. She often went lately at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. I was excited and wanted to carry her career.
答案:

1. 【解析】第一句中的第一个a改为an。article以元音音素开头, 故用冠词an。
2. 【解析】第二句中的explained改为explaining。此处为非谓语作后置定语, books与动词explain之间为主动关系。
3. 【解析】第二句中的care改为caring。与having并列, 所以需用care的动词-ing形式。
4. 【解析】第三句中的do改为did。结合上下文, 此处应为过去时态。
5. 【解析】第三句中的question改为questions。question为可数名词, 且由some可知, 此处需用复数形式。
6. 【解析】第四句中的to去掉。在“make +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中, 需用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。
7. 【解析】第四句中的determined改为determination。与名词短语“hard work”并列, 所以也应为名词形式。
8. 【解析】第五句中的that改为what。句意: 让她成功的是她的善良和体贴。此处为主语从句, 且从句中缺少主语, 而名词性从句中that只引导从句, 不充当成分, 而what既可引导从句又可在从句中充当成分。
9. 【解析】第六句中的lately改为late。 lately近来, 最近; late晚, 迟到。此处强调: 晚上她经常在很晚的时候去为穷人家接生。
10. 【解析】第七句中的carry后加on。carry on继续, 为固定短语。
课时素养评价
三　Unit 1　Using Language

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. We should learn to be considerate(consider) and care more about others.
2. The original intention(intend) was to devote three months to the project.
3. There is a list of references (refer) at the end of each chapter.
4. I can never repay your many kindnesses (kind) to me.
5. Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness(sick) and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.
6. There are many emergencies(emergent) which need prompt first aid treatment.
7. Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery(deliver).
8. Careful consideration(consider) should be given to issues of health and safety.
9. He had intended to come (come) to your birthday party, but his mother got ill that day.  
10. It was only after he had read the papers that Mr Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
Ⅱ. 介、副词填空
1. I came across Mary by chance while shopping downtown yesterday.
2. Though the soldiers have been working for fifteen hours, they carried on looking for survivors in the ruins.
3. She insists that fortune favors only the prepared mind and nobody’s success happens by chance.
4. The director’s fresh-faced leading actresses are referred to as“Mou Girls” by the media.
5. Though looked down upon, the girl continued and succeeded at last.
6. After hours of suffering she was delivered of a healthy baby.
7. All the teachers devoting their life to education were praised at the meeting.
8. I may have to ask for your advice later on.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I was on half way when it suddenly hit me that the shops would be closed.  
我正走到半路, 这时我突然想到那些商店可能关门了。
2. Afraid of difficulty, he prefers to do the easy maths problem.  
他害怕困难, 宁愿做容易的数学题。
3. It seems that he has known the whole thing.  
似乎他已经了解了事情的全部。
4. It was what he said that made me angry.  
是他说的话让我气愤。
5. Mr York could not wait to visit the Bird’s Nest after he reached Beijing.  
约克先生到达北京后迫不及待地想去参观鸟巢。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2020·汕头高一检测)
　　On the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin, has been awarded China’s Medal of the Republic. The medal is the country’s highest honor for outstanding figures that have made great contributions to the construction and the development of the P. R. C.
　　Tu Youyou, born in 1930, has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. The 84-year-old’s route to the honor has been anything but traditional. In China, she is being called the “three nos” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas. In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease, spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit “Mission 523” was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 523”.
　　“Mission 523” read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malaria drug, more than 240, 000 compounds(化合物)around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood(青蒿), which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team took out one active compound in wormwood, and then tested it. But nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she changed the drug recipe one final time, heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point.
　　After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion”. One former colleague, Lianda Li, says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”, adding that “if she disagrees with something, she will say it. ”
　　Another colleague, Fuming Liao, who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”. Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts, she applies them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了发现青蒿素的科学家屠呦呦以及她的事迹。
1. What can we learn according to Paragraph 2?
A. Tu is the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
B. Tu has a medical degree.
C. Tu’s road to success is not traditional.
D. Tu discovered a cure for malaria.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The 84-year-old’s route to the honor has been anything but traditional. ”可知, 屠呦呦的成功并不传统。
2. What can the underlined word “decimating” in Paragraph 2 be replaced by?
A. encouraging　　　　 B. killing
C. annoying D. benefiting
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句“In 1967, malaria, a then deadly disease. . . A secret research unit “Mission 523” was formed to find a cure for the illness”可知, 这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Tu first invented the idea of using sweet wormwood as a cure.
B. Tu was inspired by medical textbooks published in northern Vietnam.
C. The compound needs to be heated to the boiling point to be effective.
D. Over 240, 000 compounds were proved ineffective before Tu’s search.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“When she started her search for an anti-malaria drug, more than 240, 000 compounds around the world had already been tested, without any success. ”可知, 在屠呦呦的研究之前, 超过24万种化合物被证明是无效的。
4. What can Tu Youyou be best described?
A. Devoted and stubborn.
B. Straightforward and mean.
C. Considerate and tough.
D. Sociable and generous.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句 “Another colleague, Fuming Liao, . . . describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”结合倒数第二段第一句“After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. ”可知, 屠呦呦是一个顽强的、有奉献精神的人。
B
(2020·北京高一检测)
　　Wu Lien Teh was born in 1879. At the age of 17, he went to England to study medicine at the University of Cambridge. In 1907 Dr. Wu accepted an invitation from the Qing government to work for an army medical college in Tianjin.
　　In October 1910, an unknown illness appeared in the city of Manzhouli, on the Russian and Chinese border. The disease swiftly spread along the rail lines in Manchuria and reached the cities of Harbin and Changchun, killing 99. 9% of its victims in just a few short weeks. As many of the railways were under the control of Russia and Japan, it became an international incident. The Japanese government offered to send experts to manage the growing disease, but the Qing government worried that aid from Japan would only serve to further Japanese ambitions in this area. Therefore, the government turned to Wu, requesting he travel from Tianjin to Harbin and investigate.
　　When Dr. Wu arrived in Harbin on Christmas Eve, 1910, he carried only a few medical instruments and had only one assistant. One of Wu’s first acts was to order an autopsy(验尸)on a recent victim. There had been a long-standing taboo(禁忌)in China against such examinations. Wu insisted and found evidence of Yersinia Pestis(鼠疫杆菌). He then set up isolation area and ordered lockdown to stop victims from traveling and spreading the disease. He also had teams check households for possible cases, and even managed to convince Russian and Japanese governments to completely close the railways in the early weeks of 1911. Dr. Wu even requested the local government to burn the bodies of victims. Over 3, 000 bodies were burned on Chinese New Year, January 30, 1911. Thanks to Dr. Wu’s efforts, the number of victims began to decrease, and by March 1, 1911, the disease was fully contained.
　　The plague(传染病)lasted nearly four months, affected five provinces and six major cities, and caused over 60, 000 deaths. It is clear that without the actions taken by Dr. Wu it could have been much worse. Had the plague gone unchecked, allowing holiday rail passengers to spread to the rest of China, it could have meant a huge loss of life and a global health crisis. For a time, Dr. Wu was the most famous Chinese plague fighter in the world.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍了1910年10月, 在中俄边境的满洲里, 出现了一种未知的疾病, 短短几个周内99. 9%的感染者死亡。伍连德医生成为世界上最著名的中国抗疫战士, 使这场瘟疫迅速得到控制。
5. What is the meaning of the underlined word “contained” in Paragraph 3?
A. covered　　　　　　　　 B. included
C. increased D. under control
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句子“Thanks to Dr. Wu’s efforts, the number of victims began to decrease, and by March 1, 1911, the disease was fully contained. ”可知, 在伍连德医生的努力下, 患者人数开始减少。所以到1911年3月1日, 疾病得到了完全控制。从而猜测出contained的含义为“完全控制”之意。
6. What’s kind of Dr. Wu from the story?
A. Determined B. Ambitious
C. Stubborn D. Kind
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知, 虽然困难重重, 但他都做到了。从而推断出伍连德医生是一位有决心的人。
7. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The disease appeared first in Harbin.
B. Nobody survived before Wu Lien Teh came.
C. The government sent Wu to Harbin because of the Japanese.
D. A lot of Russians and Japanese died from the disease.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The Japanese government offered to send experts to manage the growing disease, . . . requesting he travel from Tianjin to Harbin and investigate. ”可知, 因为害怕日本人的野心, 清政府派伍连德到哈尔滨调查。
8. Which of following can be the best title for the text?
A. The Spread of a Plague in 1910
B. The Damage of a Plague in 1910
C. An Introduction of Dr. Wu’s life
D. The Chinese Doctor who Beat the Plague
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句及全文内容可知, 本文主要介绍了1910年10月, 在中俄边境的满洲里, 出现了一种未知的疾病, 短短几个周内99. 9%的感染者死亡。伍连德医生成为世界上最著名的中国抗疫战士, 使这场瘟疫迅速得到控制。所以D项作为文章标题最为合适。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
In 1957, Jane Goodall first met the famous anthropologist (人类学者) Dr Louis Leakey, who later played an important role in her life. With the 　1　 of gaining insight into humans’ evolutionary (进化的) past, Dr. Leakey 　2　 a pioneering long-term field study on 　3　 chimps. Even though Jane had no formal 　4　, her patience and determination to understand animals 　5　 him to choose her for the study. 　6　 it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa, going there 　7　 the fulfillment (实现)of her childhood dream. In the summer of 1960 she 　8　 in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) on Lake Tanganyika’s eastern shore. This marked the 　9　 of the longest continuous field study of animals in their 　10　 habitat(栖息地). Five years 　11　, she earned a doctor’s degree at Cambridge University and then 　12　 to Tanzania to found the Gombe Stream Research Center. And in 1977, to provide on-going 　13　 for chimp research, Dr Goodall 　14　 The Jane Goodall Institute.  
Today, she 　15　 most of her time traveling around the world, giving lectures on her 　16　 at Gombe and speaking to school groups about Roots & Shoots, her environmental education and humanitarian program for the 　17　.  
“Chimps have given me so 　18　. The long hours spent with them in the 　19　 have enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my 　20　 of human behavior, of our place in nature. ” 
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的动物专家Jane Goodall深入非洲大森林研究黑猩猩的情况。
1. A. knowledge　　B. idea　　C. way　　D. method
【解析】选B。带着了解人类进化史的想法。idea想法; knowledge知识; way方式; method方法。
2. A. argued B. achieved
C. suggested D. changed
【解析】选C。Leakey博士建议Jane对非洲野外的大猩猩进行研究。suggest建议; argue辩论; achieve取得, 获得; change改变。
3. A. rude B. special C. modest D. wild
【解析】选D。根据下文_______ it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa可知他建议Jane对非洲野外的大猩猩进行研究。wild野生的; rude粗鲁的; special特殊的; modest 谦虚的。 
4. A. living B. training
C. exercise D. practice
【解析】选B。指Jane没有接受过正式的训练。training训练; exercise 运动; practice练习; living生活。
5. A. made B. let
C. devoted D. led
【解析】选D。她的耐心和了解动物的决心使他选择她去研究大猩猩。lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事。
6. A. Although B. Because
C. If D. Once
【解析】选A。尽管女性在非洲森林中工作是非同一般, 但去非洲就意味着实现了她小时候的梦想。although尽管; because因为; if 如果; once一旦。
7. A. intended B. stopped
C. meant D. inspired
【解析】选C。去非洲就意味着实现了梦想。mean意味着; intend打算; stop停止; inspire鼓舞。
8. A. reached B. left
C. arrived D. went
【解析】选C。根据下文This marked the _______of the longest continuous field study of animals in their _______habitat. 可知在1960年的夏天她到达了坦桑尼亚的坦噶尼喀湖的东岸。arrive到达, 为不及物动词; reach够到, 到达, 为及物动词; leave离开; go去。 
9. A. happening B. beginning
C. end D. achievement
【解析】选B。这就标志着在黑猩猩自然栖息地研究的开始。beginning 开始; happening意外的事情; end结束; achievement成就。
10. A. man-made B. old C. new D. natural
【解析】选D。根据上文it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa可知她是在黑猩猩自然栖息地进行研究。natural自然的; man-made人造的; old旧的, 老的; new新的。
11. A. ago B. before
C. later D. behind
【解析】选C。五年后她在剑桥大学获得博士学位。later稍后, later放在一个时间段的名词后面, 指发生在一段时间以后; ago以前; before在……以前; behind在……之后。
12. A. returned B. referred
C. connected D. turned
【解析】选A。她回到了坦桑尼亚建立贡贝河研究中心。return返回, 归还; refer提到; connect连接; turn变成。
13. A. time B. evidence
C. environment D. support
【解析】选D。此处指对黑猩猩的继续研究提供支持。support支持; time时间; evidence证据; environment环境。
14. A. founded B. built C. created D. set
【解析】选A。Dr Goodall建立了The Jane Goodall Institute。found建立, 成立; build建造; create创造; set树立, 点燃。
15. A. pays B. spends
C. costs D. devotes
【解析】选B。根据本句的traveling可知此处使用了spend time (in) doing 的结构。
16. A. experiences B. presence
C. bravery D. appearance
【解析】选A。她向年轻人作关于自己的经历的演讲。experience经历; presence存在, 出席; bravery勇敢; appearance外貌, 出现。
17. A. human B. youths
C. animals D. adults
【解析】选B。她向年轻人作关于自己的经历的演讲。youth青年; animal 动物; adult成年人; human人类。
18. A. much B. many C. little D. few
【解析】选A。指黑猩猩给了我很多。much指代不可数名词。
19. A. institute B. university
C. field D. forest
【解析】选D。根据上文it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa, 可知她和黑猩猩在森林中度过很长时间。forest森林; institute研究所, 学会; university大学; field 领域。
20. A. understanding B. desire
C. imagination D. protection
【解析】选A。她从黑猩猩身上学到的知识形成了她对人类行为的理解。understanding理解; desire欲望; imagination想象; protection保护。
Ⅲ. 短文改错
　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2020·郑州高一检测)
When Mom was 61, she showed signs on the lung cancer. We knew something was wrong and that Mom needs a journey. She suggested a movie and a dinner. But I had another plan. Though Mom had been to the ocean only twice, but she loved the seashore. Her kitchen was decorating with souvenirs(纪念品) from those two trips. I told Mom that we would leave for Jersey Shore. Mom was very excited that she screamed. Once we got Jersey Shore, she began to enjoy the trip, greeting strangers and spending hours collected shells. The morning we left, I found her taking photos of every inch of her bedroom. Short after we returned, Mom passed away. For a long time, Mom’s shells stayed in a box. I found it again while searching for something else. I put them in a familiar place as a reminder(提醒物) from a mother which never lost her sense of wonder.
答案:



【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆母亲生前去海边旅游时经历的事情, 作者把母亲捡回来的贝壳放在自己熟悉的地方以纪念妈妈。
1. 【解析】第一句中on改为of。考查介词。此处表示癌症的迹象, 应使用介词of表示所属关系。
2. 【解析】第二句中needs改为needed。考查时态。根据本句中的was可知, need应该使用过去式的形式。
3. 【解析】第五句中Though或 but去掉。考查让步状语从句和并列句。though引导让步状语从句, but连接两个分句构成并列句。因此though和but不能同时出现在这个句子中, 即应该去掉其中的一个, 因为though后面的单词Mom的第一个字母是大写的, 因此去掉Though或者but均可以。
4. 【解析】第六句中decorating 改为decorated。考查固定短语。be decorated with是固定短语, 意为“装饰着”。
5. 【解析】第八句中very 改为so。考查固定结构。so. . . that. . . 是固定结构, 意为“如此……以至于……”。
6. 【解析】第九句中got后加to。考查固定结构。表示“到达某地”应该为“get to+地点”, 它是固定短语。
7. 【解析】第九句中collected改为collecting。考查固定短语。spend time (in) doing sth. 是固定短语, 意为“花费时间做某事”。
8. 【解析】第十一句中Short 改为Shortly。考查副词。shortly after是固定词组, 意为“在某事之后不久”, short应该使用副词形式。
9. 【解析】第十三句中it改为them。考查人称代词。此处代词用于指代上文的复数名词shells, 应该使用them。
10. 【解析】第十四句中which 改为who/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, mother是定语从句的先行词, 它在从句中作主语。因此使用关系代词who或that。

话题写作·表达升级
如何描写人物

　　人物描写属于记叙文的范畴, 它以写人、记事为主, 以叙述和描写为主要表达方式。一般分为三大部分, 即生平介绍、事迹叙述和简短的评论。时态的选择要视情况而定, 若写人物的过去就用过去时态, 若写人物的现在就用现在时态。

　　请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位, 用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。
Jane Goodall
Yuan Longping
zoologist(动物学家), anthropologist
(人类学家); devoted, selfless
simple but great man; determined, modest
wildlife protection
super hybrid rice
　　要求根据所给信息做适当发挥, 且需包括以下三部分内容:
(1)对该人物的简单介绍; (2)喜欢该人物的理由; (3)从该人物身上得到的启示。



1. 完成句子
(1)袁隆平出生于1930年, 是一个简朴而伟大的人。
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 and he is a simple but great man.  
(2)尽管他是一位著名的科学家, 他把自己当作普通农民。
Although he is a famous scientist, he regards himself as an ordinary farmer.  
(3)最后, 他成功地种植了所谓的超级杂交水稻, 使农民有可能获得比以往多两倍的收成。
Finally, he succeeded in growing what is called super hybrid rice, and made it possible for farmers to produce harvests twice as large as before.  
(4)他现在正在一些欠发达国家传播他的知识以帮助他们。
He is now circulating his knowledge in some less developed countries to help them.  
2. 词句升级
(5)用过去分词短语作状语改写句(1)
Born in 1930, Yuan Longping is a simple but great man.  
(6)用as引导的让步状语从句改写句(2)
Famous scientist as he is, he regards himself as an ordinary farmer.  

　　Among the two great persons, I like Yuan Longping better. Born in 1930, Yuan Longping is a simple but great man. Famous scientist as he is, he regards himself as an ordinary farmer. What a modest man! Since he graduated from college, he has been determined to find a way to increase rice harvest. Finally, he succeeded in growing what is called super hybrid rice, making it possible for farmers to produce harvests twice as large as before.
　　Not only do his great achievements deserve my admiration, but his attitude towards life impresses me a lot. He cares little about being famous or spending money on himself. Furthermore, he is so selfless that he is now circulating his knowledge in some less developed countries to help them.
　　As Dr. Yuan proves, the secret to success is having a dream and the determination to realize it. I certainly have a dream, and from now on I will spare no effort to achieve it.

1. 话题词汇
(1)ordinary　　adj. 普通的
(2)handsome adj. 英俊的
(3)well-dressed adj. 穿着考究的
(4)optimistic adj. 乐观的
(5)outspoken adj. 直言的, 坦诚的
(6)responsible adj. 负责的
(7)set an example to
为……树立榜样
(8)in one’s thirties 在某人三十几岁时
2. 话题句式
(1)介绍人物的姓名、出身及外貌特征:
①Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family, was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.
亚伯拉罕·林肯, 一个贫穷家庭的儿子, 1809年2月12日出生于肯塔基州。
②She is tall and slim with big eyes and curly hair.
她又高又瘦, 有一双大眼睛和一头卷发。
(2)介绍人物的成就或取得的成绩:
①During her career life, she obtained 132 championships, including 4 Olympic championships.
在她的职业生涯中, 她获得了132个冠军, 包括4个奥运会冠军。
②His stories, most of which are short ones, give people surprising endings.
他的故事大多短小精悍, 结局出人意料。
(3)介绍人物的影响及人们对此人的评价:
Not only do his great achievements deserve my admiration, but his attitude towards life impresses me a lot.
不仅他的伟大成就值得我钦佩, 而且他的生活态度也给我留下了深刻的印象。