2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题14 必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Dear readers，

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Sincerely，

Jim Nelson

President

[语篇解读]　本文主要是给读者推荐一种老人医疗预警系统。

1．What's the function of the Medical Alert System?

A．To detect your falls automatically.

B．To prevent all kinds of diseases.

C．To monitor medical treatments.

D．To gain peace of mind.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Our new system can detect falls automatically.”可知，这个医疗预警系统的功能是可以自动检测出老人是否摔倒，故选A。

答案：A

2．What will the first 100 callers to order receive?

A．300 dollars.

B．Free Waterproof Wristband.

C．A long­term contract.

D．Timely medical support.

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第三条“Free Waterproof Necklace Pendant or Wristband”可知，前100名打电话预订的人可以获得免费的防水项链挂件或者腕带，故选B。

答案：B

3．In which column may you find this article in a magazine?

A．Economy.　　　　 B．Education.

C．Psychology. D．Advertisement.

解析：推理判断题。根据全文的整体内容可知，本文是一篇广告，是关于一款针对老年人的医疗预警系统的推介，故选D。

答案：D

B

I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe (部落)．With the title came great responsibility，it was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe, whose village we visited.Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks.They laid a palm leaf on the ground and, as head, I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up, then touching noses with their chief.“Kia ora”，   he said,  welcoming us into the woodland home of his people.

My “tribe” was my New Zealand coach tour group, who had forced me into being their leader. We'd been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki. After that it was non­stop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized(使不朽)by the All Blacks rugby team.

Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground.It had been slow­cooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal (地热的) area of North Island, a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time.

Obviously, this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show.“The wheels on the bus go round and round，”he got us singing, while he circuited a roundabout three times.

A couple of days from the end of our trip, there was still something missing, a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour complete. Riding over a ridge, there it was — Aotearoa. The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”．Can I say “Kia ora, Aotearoa？”You bet I can.

[语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。

4．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe?

A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road.

B．The soldiers touched their noses.

C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely.

D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying，sticking eyes and much noise of sticks.They laid a palm leaf on the ground...”可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈叶。这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。故选C。

答案：C

5．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom?

A．Kia ora.　　　　　 B．Haka.

C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they pulled our dinner of lamb，beef and vegetables out of the ground.It had been slow­cooked in the heat...a Maori tradition known as a hangi”可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为hangi。

答案：C

6．What does the author think of the driver?

A．He was good at singing.

B．He made the journey memorable.

C．He was not familiar with the road.

D．He performed well on a TV show.

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort，our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show...”可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他们一路欢歌，故选B。

答案：B

7．What is the best title for the text?

A．A taste of Maori culture

B．Hello, New Zealand

C．The honour of being a tribe chief

D．The best of New Zealand

解析：标题归纳题。作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化”作标题最佳。

答案：A

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

History is a record of what has happened in the past. 　1　 The really fascinating thing is that much of history has been repeated time and again. It allows us to learn from the past, both the mistakes and the successes.

One of the benefits of history is reading how other people have overcome tremendous challenges in their life. These challenges，although particular to a person, or to a certain time in the past, or occurring in a different country or culture, all convey the same thing.　2　

　3　 He encountered many failures while on the road to finally inventing the light bulb. He could be held out as an example of a person who never gave up. 　4　 However, he did not let those failures stop him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.

Or, consider the story of Abraham Lincoln who managed to become the President of the United States even though he suffered many setbacks and personal losses. Most of us only realize his success.　5　 His life was not easy. His story motivates us to keep moving forward no matter what obstacles we have in life.

A．History has a lot of influence on us.

B．Take the story of Thomas Edison for example.

C．History has some very unique qualities.

D．I am sure he was discouraged by his many failures.

E．They convey wisdoms in their short stories of perseverance.

F．Few of us know about the many challenges he had to overcome.

G．Only those with courage to face challenges can realize their dreams.

[语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。作者通过介绍历史上两个著名人物的经历告诉读者无论遇到什么困难，都不要气馁，勇往直前。

1．解析：下两句介绍了历史学科的特点，由此可推知本题答案为C项(历史有一些非常独有的特征)。

答案：C

2．解析：根据上句中的“convey”及下一段中的“as an example of a person who never gave up”可推知本题答案为E项。

答案：E

3．解析：下文介绍的是爱迪生在发明电灯泡过程中克服困难的经历，故答案为B项。

答案：B

4．解析：根据下句“However，he did not let those failures stop him.”可推出本题答案为D项。

答案：D

5．解析：根据上句(我们中的大多数人只知道林肯的成功)与下句(他的生活不是很容易)可推知本题答案为F项。

答案：F

Ⅲ.语法填空

Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes 1.             she didn't even rest during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. The woman from Baipu County, Jiangsu Province，

2.             (make) shoes since she was 19 years old, and this year marks her 31st year making cloth shoes.

She spends the entire day in her tiny studio, which 3.             (measure) less than 10 square meters altogether, filled with cloth shoes in 4.            (variety) stages of completion.

Nowadays, many stores make cloth shoes 5.            (use) machines, but Qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely  6.             hand. She says the shoes

7.             (produce) by machine are not of the same quality as handmade ones. The handmade  cloth  shoes  are  more  durable (耐用的)and comfortable，8.             (soft), and absorb sweat better.

Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (怀旧), while others trust

9.             ( they )  quality. Making shoes isn't a profitable job, but Qiang still insists as she wants to preserve the craft and pass it down to the younger generation.

Handmade cloth shoes are also called qiancengdi (shoes with a thousand layers)，

10.             can date back to the ancient Zhou Dynasty. In 2009, the making technique of qiancengdi was listed as the national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产)．

[语篇解读]　本文通过讲述江苏的Qiang Shuping在端午节期间忙着做布鞋的故事向我们介绍了已经被列入国家非物质文化遗产的手工布鞋的特点和历史。

1．解析：考查固定句型。句意：Qiang Shuping忙着做布鞋以至于在端午节假期期间她都没有休息。so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。

答案：that

2．解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“since she was 19 years old”并结合语境可知，她从19岁开始做布鞋，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。

答案：has been making

3．解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“She spends the entire day”可知，空处应用一般现在时；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为studio，且measure在此处用作连系动词，应用主动形式表被动意义，故用measures。

答案：measures

4．解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词stages，故用形容词形式。

答案：various

5．解析：考查现在分词。主语“many stores”和动词use之间为主谓关系，use的动作伴随make的动作而发生，故用现在分词。

答案：using

6．解析：考查介词。此处指“完全用手工制鞋”，by hand意为“用手工”，为固定用法。

答案：by

7．解析：考查过去分词。名词shoes和produce之间是动宾关系，该处表示动作已经完成，故用过去分词作后置定语。

答案：produced

8．解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“more durable(耐用的)and comfortable”及空后的“absorb sweat better”可知，此处应用比较级。

答案：softer

9．解析：考查代词。根据空后的名词“quality”可知，空处修饰该名词，故用形容词性物主代词。

答案：their

10．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“qiancengdi”，故用which引导该定语从句。

答案：which