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(人教版)2019届高考英语一轮复习练习案：必修五 Unit 4 (含解析)
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必修五 Unit 4
[基础回顾]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516271)
1．It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed (inform) of the current affairs.
2．It is demanded that the books (should) be returned (return) to the school library within two weeks.
3．My parents didn't approve of my leaving school this year and I had to accept it.
4．I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.
5．I have an appointment (appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening.
6．For example，I can just concentrate on reading (read) for a short time.
7． To acquire (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.
8．Betty is a promising young poet. So far over ten of her poems have been published (publish) in magazines.
9．My husband who is three years senior to me，is very considerate and always places me in the first place.
10．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up being accused of causing her injury.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516272)
1．You'd better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. 去掉of
2．My parents don't approve me making friends with him. approve后加of
3．It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for. must→should或去掉must
4．It was considerate of Michael to inform us his delay in case we got worried. his前加of
5．It is often the case，solving one problem can cause or uncover another. It→As
Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516273)
1．我一到家妈妈就让我做作业。(hardly放在句首)
答案：Hardly had I got home when mother asked me to do homework.
2．请让我随时了解事态的任何发展。(keep sb. informed of)
答案：Please keep me informed of any development of the event.
3．你能给我举一个这个短语被用的例子吗？(where引导定语从句)
答案：Can you give me a case where this phrase can be used?
4．放心好了，Tom将会帮助你学习英语。(depend on it that...)
答案：You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.
5．我的要求是这封信必须马上送给布朗先生。(demand)
答案：My demand is that the letter (should) be sent to Mr.Brown at once.
[技能提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516274)
(2018·山西大学附中模拟)Recently，a study led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University，suggests that nearly a third of adults,31%，are not getting enough exercise.That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity.But only recently has enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.
There are common themes in different places.Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones，and old people are less active than young ones.Less obviously，women tend to exercise less than men－34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men.But there are exceptions.The women of Croatia, Finland, Iraq and Luxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.
Malta wins the race for most slothful country，with 72% of adults getting too little exercise，and Swaziland and Saudi Arabia are in close behind，with 69%. In Bangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. Surprisingly，six Americans in ten are active enough according to Dr Hallal's study，compared with fewer than four in ten British.
These high rates of inactivity are worrying.Human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can.In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it.But that is no longer the case.Actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span as smoking.
[语篇解读] 工业改革已经在某些程度上改变人们的生活方式，锻炼身体越来越成为人们的一种选择，而非迫切的需要，世界范围的人缺少足够的锻炼。
1．We may learn from Paragraph 1 that ________ .
A．the decline of exercise rates is newly discovered
B．the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exercise
C．the good enough data has been collected from only one country
D．the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degree
解析：D [细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知工业革命已经在某些程度上改变人们的生活方式。]
2．According to the study, women of Luxembourg ______ .
A．have little time to exercise
B．hate to get regular exercise
C．take more exercise to lose weight
D．exercise more than men in their country
解析：D [细节理解题。从第二段最后一句可知Luxembourg的妇女锻炼的比男子多。]
3．The underlined word “slothful” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “ ________ ”．
A．powerful B．rich
C．lazy D．unpopular
解析：C [词义猜词题。从文章第三段的句子：Malta wins the race for most slothful country，with 72% of adults getting too little exercise，and Swaziland and Saudi Arabia are in close behind，with 69%.比较起来Malta的人是世界上最懒惰的，可知“slothful”是“懒惰”的意思。]
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Worldwide Lack of Enough Exercise
B．New Health Discovery
C．Evolvement of Human Beings
D．Benefits of Taking Exercise
解析：A [主旨大意题。从全篇文章和第一段的句子可知这篇文章讲的是世界范围的人缺少足够的锻炼，选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·沈阳高三教学质量检测)I was 11 when you were born，and in your first few years I often looked after you，bathed and dressed you and took you out for walks.I have __1__ memories of your childhood.Of __2__ you up as a “rock star”．Of watching you dance __3__ nightclothes.Of your insistence that I make your school lunch __4__ I put so much more peanut butter on your __5__ than anyone else.Of the __6__ phone call we ever had－an echo(共鸣) of my own university years－when you wanted to __7__ university and study dance.
Since we have grown up，I have lived through you，although you may not know it.You had the opportunity I so __8__ wanted but never got－to train in the dancing arts.I encouraged our parents to support you because I have always __9__ how my life would be if they hadn't chosen a(n) __10__ career path for me，their eldest child.
I know you have __11__ to hunt for work and confidence，and that you probably wonder sometimes if you made the right choice. __12__ ，I am happy for you and proud that I played some small role in helping you to __13__ a dream.
There's a __14__ between us now.It has grown since I first left home，and in the __15__ I missed your teenage years.That __16__ me greatly.I imagine that you believe we have very little in common－a __17__ in the city and a biologist in West Africa－but in you I __18__ some of my own dreams realized.
But beyond that，even at 12 or 13 I felt as much a mother to you as an older sister.So，on the rare __19__ when we see each other，I want to know everything，from your concerns，hopes to delights.
I wish，there were an arm's __20__ between us.I hope we can one day be sisters or friends again.I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you.
[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了作者陪伴妹妹成长过程中的点点滴滴。
1．A.vivid B．painful
C．admirable D．awful
解析：A [根据空后的以of开头的句子可知，此处指“我”对你的童年有清晰的(vivid)记忆。awful可怕的；painful痛苦的；admirable值得赞赏的。]
2．A.putting B．dressing
C．making D．picking
解析：B [把你装扮成“摇滚明星”。put sb.up留宿某人；dress sb.up装扮；make sb.up化妆；pick sb.up接某人。]
3．A.with B．as
C．in D．for
解析：C [看你穿着睡衣跳舞。in穿着，戴着。]
4．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
解析：B [你坚持让“我”给你做学校午餐是因为(because)“我”在你的三明治(sandwiches)里放了比别人多很多的花生酱。because引导原因状语从句。]
5．A.sandwiches B．lunch
C．bread D．pies
解析：A [参见上题解析。文章的最后一句“I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you”是提示。]
6．A.simplest B．farthest
C．loudest D．longest
解析：D [当你想退学(drop out of)去学习舞蹈时，我们曾经打过时间最长的(longest)电话。simplest最简单的；farthest最远的；loudest最大声的。]
7．A.give in to B．look away from
C．go in for D．drop out of
解析：D [参见上题解析。give in to屈服，让步；look away from 把目光从……移开；go in for参加考试，爱好。]
8．A.badly B．hardly
C．perfectly D．naturally
解析：A [你有“我”非常(badly)想得到但是却从没有得到过的机会。hardly几乎不；perfectly完美地；naturally自然地。]
9．A.believed B．understood
C．wondered D．regretted
解析：C [“我”总是想知道(wondered)“我”的生活将会是怎样的，如果他们没有为“我”选择一条传统的(traditional)职业道路。believe相信；understand理解；regret后悔。]
10．A.traditional B．original
C．official D．special
解析：A [参见上题解析。original起初的；official官方的；special特别的。]
11．A.managed B．struggled
C．refused D．preferred
解析：B [“我”知道你曾经努力(struggled)寻找工作和自信。manage完成(困难的事)；refuse拒绝；prefer偏爱。]
12．A.Besides B．Instead
C．However D．Otherwise
解析：C [然而(However)，“我”为你高兴并且让“我”自豪的是在帮助你追逐(follow)梦想的过程中“我”起了一点儿作用。besides况且；instead代替；otherwise否则。]
13．A.choose B．support
C．have D．follow
解析：D [参见上题解析。choose选择；support支持；have 有。]
14．A.promise B．quarrel
C．distance D．plan
解析：C [根据下文的“left home”“missed”可知，此处指现在我们之间有一些距离(distance)。promise承诺；quarrel争吵；plan计划。]
15．A.direction B．process
C．environment D．experience
解析：B [在这个过程(process)中，“我”错过了你的青少年时期。direction方向；environment环境；experience经历。]
16．A.shocks B．comforts
C．upsets D．moves
解析：C [那使“我”很沮丧(upsets)。shock使震惊；comfort安慰；move使感动。]
17．A.rock star B．performer
C．professor D．dancer
解析：D [根据上文的“study dance”“to train in the dancing arts”可知，此处指一名在城市里的舞者(dancer)和一名在西非的生物学家。rock star 摇滚明星；performer表演者；professor教授。]
18．A.see B．remember
C．guess D．keep
解析：A [但是在你的身上，“我”看到(see)了自己的一些梦想得以实现。remember记起；guess猜测；keep保持。]
19．A.vacations B．stages
C．spots D．occasions
解析：D [此处指我们不多的几次见面。vacation假期；stage舞台；spot地点。occasion表示时刻，时候。]
20．A.length B．width
C．depth D．height
解析：A [“我”希望我们之间只有一臂长(length)的距离。width宽度；depth深度；height高度。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
When I first learned to write in English，I run into many difficulties.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese but tried to translate everything into Chinese.My teacher advised me to keep diaries. I followed her advices.Happily it worked.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.One day I wrote a short story and showed to my teacher.She liked it very much that she read it to the class.Everyone said the story was the good one.I was great encouraged by their words.
答案：
[基础回顾]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516271)
1．It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed (inform) of the current affairs.
2．It is demanded that the books (should) be returned (return) to the school library within two weeks.
3．My parents didn't approve of my leaving school this year and I had to accept it.
4．I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.
5．I have an appointment (appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening.
6．For example，I can just concentrate on reading (read) for a short time.
7． To acquire (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.
8．Betty is a promising young poet. So far over ten of her poems have been published (publish) in magazines.
9．My husband who is three years senior to me，is very considerate and always places me in the first place.
10．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up being accused of causing her injury.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516272)
1．You'd better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. 去掉of
2．My parents don't approve me making friends with him. approve后加of
3．It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for. must→should或去掉must
4．It was considerate of Michael to inform us his delay in case we got worried. his前加of
5．It is often the case，solving one problem can cause or uncover another. It→As
Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516273)
1．我一到家妈妈就让我做作业。(hardly放在句首)
答案：Hardly had I got home when mother asked me to do homework.
2．请让我随时了解事态的任何发展。(keep sb. informed of)
答案：Please keep me informed of any development of the event.
3．你能给我举一个这个短语被用的例子吗？(where引导定语从句)
答案：Can you give me a case where this phrase can be used?
4．放心好了，Tom将会帮助你学习英语。(depend on it that...)
答案：You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.
5．我的要求是这封信必须马上送给布朗先生。(demand)
答案：My demand is that the letter (should) be sent to Mr.Brown at once.
[技能提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516274)
(2018·山西大学附中模拟)Recently，a study led by Pedro Hallal of the Federal University，suggests that nearly a third of adults,31%，are not getting enough exercise.That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, technology and economic growth have helped to create a world in which taking exercise is more and more an option rather than a necessity.But only recently has enough good data been collected from enough places to carry out the sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have engaged in.
There are common themes in different places.Unsurprisingly, people in rich countries are less active than those in poor ones，and old people are less active than young ones.Less obviously，women tend to exercise less than men－34% are inactive, compared with 28% of men.But there are exceptions.The women of Croatia, Finland, Iraq and Luxembourg, for example, move more than their male countrymen.
Malta wins the race for most slothful country，with 72% of adults getting too little exercise，and Swaziland and Saudi Arabia are in close behind，with 69%. In Bangladesh, just 5% of adults fail to exercise enough. Surprisingly，six Americans in ten are active enough according to Dr Hallal's study，compared with fewer than four in ten British.
These high rates of inactivity are worrying.Human beings seem to have evolved to benefit from exercise while deliberately avoiding it whenever they can.In a state of nature it would be impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of it.But that is no longer the case.Actually lack of enough activity these days has nearly the same effect on life span as smoking.
[语篇解读] 工业改革已经在某些程度上改变人们的生活方式，锻炼身体越来越成为人们的一种选择，而非迫切的需要，世界范围的人缺少足够的锻炼。
1．We may learn from Paragraph 1 that ________ .
A．the decline of exercise rates is newly discovered
B．the study suggests 31% of female adults get too little exercise
C．the good enough data has been collected from only one country
D．the industrial revolution has changed the way people live to some degree
解析：D [细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知工业革命已经在某些程度上改变人们的生活方式。]
2．According to the study, women of Luxembourg ______ .
A．have little time to exercise
B．hate to get regular exercise
C．take more exercise to lose weight
D．exercise more than men in their country
解析：D [细节理解题。从第二段最后一句可知Luxembourg的妇女锻炼的比男子多。]
3．The underlined word “slothful” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “ ________ ”．
A．powerful B．rich
C．lazy D．unpopular
解析：C [词义猜词题。从文章第三段的句子：Malta wins the race for most slothful country，with 72% of adults getting too little exercise，and Swaziland and Saudi Arabia are in close behind，with 69%.比较起来Malta的人是世界上最懒惰的，可知“slothful”是“懒惰”的意思。]
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Worldwide Lack of Enough Exercise
B．New Health Discovery
C．Evolvement of Human Beings
D．Benefits of Taking Exercise
解析：A [主旨大意题。从全篇文章和第一段的句子可知这篇文章讲的是世界范围的人缺少足够的锻炼，选A。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·沈阳高三教学质量检测)I was 11 when you were born，and in your first few years I often looked after you，bathed and dressed you and took you out for walks.I have __1__ memories of your childhood.Of __2__ you up as a “rock star”．Of watching you dance __3__ nightclothes.Of your insistence that I make your school lunch __4__ I put so much more peanut butter on your __5__ than anyone else.Of the __6__ phone call we ever had－an echo(共鸣) of my own university years－when you wanted to __7__ university and study dance.
Since we have grown up，I have lived through you，although you may not know it.You had the opportunity I so __8__ wanted but never got－to train in the dancing arts.I encouraged our parents to support you because I have always __9__ how my life would be if they hadn't chosen a(n) __10__ career path for me，their eldest child.
I know you have __11__ to hunt for work and confidence，and that you probably wonder sometimes if you made the right choice. __12__ ，I am happy for you and proud that I played some small role in helping you to __13__ a dream.
There's a __14__ between us now.It has grown since I first left home，and in the __15__ I missed your teenage years.That __16__ me greatly.I imagine that you believe we have very little in common－a __17__ in the city and a biologist in West Africa－but in you I __18__ some of my own dreams realized.
But beyond that，even at 12 or 13 I felt as much a mother to you as an older sister.So，on the rare __19__ when we see each other，I want to know everything，from your concerns，hopes to delights.
I wish，there were an arm's __20__ between us.I hope we can one day be sisters or friends again.I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you.
[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了作者陪伴妹妹成长过程中的点点滴滴。
1．A.vivid B．painful
C．admirable D．awful
解析：A [根据空后的以of开头的句子可知，此处指“我”对你的童年有清晰的(vivid)记忆。awful可怕的；painful痛苦的；admirable值得赞赏的。]
2．A.putting B．dressing
C．making D．picking
解析：B [把你装扮成“摇滚明星”。put sb.up留宿某人；dress sb.up装扮；make sb.up化妆；pick sb.up接某人。]
3．A.with B．as
C．in D．for
解析：C [看你穿着睡衣跳舞。in穿着，戴着。]
4．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
解析：B [你坚持让“我”给你做学校午餐是因为(because)“我”在你的三明治(sandwiches)里放了比别人多很多的花生酱。because引导原因状语从句。]
5．A.sandwiches B．lunch
C．bread D．pies
解析：A [参见上题解析。文章的最后一句“I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you”是提示。]
6．A.simplest B．farthest
C．loudest D．longest
解析：D [当你想退学(drop out of)去学习舞蹈时，我们曾经打过时间最长的(longest)电话。simplest最简单的；farthest最远的；loudest最大声的。]
7．A.give in to B．look away from
C．go in for D．drop out of
解析：D [参见上题解析。give in to屈服，让步；look away from 把目光从……移开；go in for参加考试，爱好。]
8．A.badly B．hardly
C．perfectly D．naturally
解析：A [你有“我”非常(badly)想得到但是却从没有得到过的机会。hardly几乎不；perfectly完美地；naturally自然地。]
9．A.believed B．understood
C．wondered D．regretted
解析：C [“我”总是想知道(wondered)“我”的生活将会是怎样的，如果他们没有为“我”选择一条传统的(traditional)职业道路。believe相信；understand理解；regret后悔。]
10．A.traditional B．original
C．official D．special
解析：A [参见上题解析。original起初的；official官方的；special特别的。]
11．A.managed B．struggled
C．refused D．preferred
解析：B [“我”知道你曾经努力(struggled)寻找工作和自信。manage完成(困难的事)；refuse拒绝；prefer偏爱。]
12．A.Besides B．Instead
C．However D．Otherwise
解析：C [然而(However)，“我”为你高兴并且让“我”自豪的是在帮助你追逐(follow)梦想的过程中“我”起了一点儿作用。besides况且；instead代替；otherwise否则。]
13．A.choose B．support
C．have D．follow
解析：D [参见上题解析。choose选择；support支持；have 有。]
14．A.promise B．quarrel
C．distance D．plan
解析：C [根据下文的“left home”“missed”可知，此处指现在我们之间有一些距离(distance)。promise承诺；quarrel争吵；plan计划。]
15．A.direction B．process
C．environment D．experience
解析：B [在这个过程(process)中，“我”错过了你的青少年时期。direction方向；environment环境；experience经历。]
16．A.shocks B．comforts
C．upsets D．moves
解析：C [那使“我”很沮丧(upsets)。shock使震惊；comfort安慰；move使感动。]
17．A.rock star B．performer
C．professor D．dancer
解析：D [根据上文的“study dance”“to train in the dancing arts”可知，此处指一名在城市里的舞者(dancer)和一名在西非的生物学家。rock star 摇滚明星；performer表演者；professor教授。]
18．A.see B．remember
C．guess D．keep
解析：A [但是在你的身上，“我”看到(see)了自己的一些梦想得以实现。remember记起；guess猜测；keep保持。]
19．A.vacations B．stages
C．spots D．occasions
解析：D [此处指我们不多的几次见面。vacation假期；stage舞台；spot地点。occasion表示时刻，时候。]
20．A.length B．width
C．depth D．height
解析：A [“我”希望我们之间只有一臂长(length)的距离。width宽度；depth深度；height高度。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
When I first learned to write in English，I run into many difficulties.The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese but tried to translate everything into Chinese.My teacher advised me to keep diaries. I followed her advices.Happily it worked.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.One day I wrote a short story and showed to my teacher.She liked it very much that she read it to the class.Everyone said the story was the good one.I was great encouraged by their words.
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