2019年高考英语（人教版）一轮总复习教师用书：第一部分选修6Unit3　Ahealthylife



　　　　　
Unit 3　A healthy life


(对应学生用书第152页)
[单词　拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．abuse　　　　　 n. & vt. 滥用；虐待
2．ban vt. 禁止；取缔
n. 禁令；谴责
3．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的
4．tough adj. 困难的；强硬的
5．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开
6．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的
7．alcohol n. 酒；酒精
8．adolescent n. 青少年
adj. 青春期的
9．withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
10．packet n. 小包；小盒
11．chemist n. 药剂师；化学家
12．comprehension n. 理解(力)
13．appendix n. 附录；附件
14．survival n. 幸存
15．prejudice n. 偏见；成见
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．stress n．压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的
2．addict n．有瘾的人→addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction n．入迷；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的
3．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
4．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
5．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
6．effect n．结果；效力→effective adj.有效的；起作用的→effectively adv.有效地；生效地
7．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的
8．unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit adj.健康的；合适的→fitness n．健康
9．strength n．力气，力量，强项→strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强
10．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地
11．disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望；沮丧
12．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的
13．illegal adj.不合法的；违法的→illegally adv.非法地；违法地
14．judge n．法官；裁判员 vt.判断；审判→judgement n．看法；判决；判断
15．embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬；使陷入困境→embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的→embarrassment n．窘迫；困境
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．Tom's parents are worried that he is addicted to the computer games which are addictive to children. (addict)
2．Today，the weather was really disappointing because it was raining.Arriving at a park，we were disappointed to find it was not open today.To our disappointment，the library was closed，too.(disappoint)
3．As a judge，he has good judgement and never judges a person by his appearance.(judge)
4．The man in the river desperately tried to reach the side.The situation was desperate but not hopeless.(desperate)
5．An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character；however，they are not always effective．(effect)
[拓展联想]
“禁止与允许”家族
①禁止：forbid，prohibit　　 ②允许：allow，permit
否定前缀un­高频形容词一览
①unfair不公平的　　 ④unfortunate不幸的
②unusual不寻常的 ⑤uncomfortable不舒服的
③unfriendly不友好的 ⑥unimportant不重要的
以­en后缀的高频动词集锦
①shorten缩短　　　　　 ⑤lighten减轻
②deepen加深 ⑥threaten恐吓
③widen加宽 ⑦sharpen削尖
④broaden开拓；加宽 ⑧lessen减少
[短语　多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．due_to　　　　　 由于……
2．be/become_accustomed_to 习惯于……
3．feel_like(doing) 想要(做)……
4．take_risks/a_risk 冒险
5．at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险
6．be/become_addicted_to 对……有瘾
7．decide_on 对……作出决定
8．in_spite_of 不顾；不管
9．get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
10．that_is 也就是说
11．reach_out_for 接触；够着
12．manage_to_do 设法完成……
Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．I regret not having followed your advice；I get_into trouble now.
2．What worries him is that his son is_addicted_to playing phone games.
3．Most of them turned up on time；only Tom arrived late due_to the storm.
4．I am_accustomed_to getting up early and taking an hour's walk before breakfast.
5．After careful consideration，I decided_on science as my main subject of study.
6．Lydia doesn't feel_like going abroad.Her parents are old and she wants to take care of them.

[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as...结构
I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
1.这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。
The man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.
2.as引导定语从句
As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.
2.正如我们知道的，除了美味的水饺，敬老院的老人也需要温暖和关爱。
As_we_know，besides tasty dumplings，what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.
3.It is...that...为强调句型。
It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
3.正是当我到达电影院后我才意识到我把电影票忘在家里了。
It_was_when_I_arrived_at_the_cinema_that I realized I had left my ticket at home.
【导学号：65670116】
4.It is no good/use doing sth.做某事无用
It is no good crying over spilt milk.
4.劝说他没用，他不会改变主意。
It_is_no_good/use_persuading him.He won't change his mind.


(对应学生用书第154页)
精讲5个考纲单词
stress n．压力；重音 vt.使紧张；强调
[高考佳句]　One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015年浙江高考)减轻压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
(1)under stress　　在压力之下
lay/place/put stress on sth.
强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of...
强调……的重要性
(3)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
①Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.人在压力之下，办事情就容易出差错。
②Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed(stress) in their studies.
现在越来越多的中学生在学习中感到有压力。
链接写作
合作或协作在足球比赛中起着重要作用，这一点经常被强调。
①(普通表达)Cooperation or teamwork plays an important part in football matches.Its importance is_often_stressed．
②(高级表达)Cooperation or teamwork，the_importance_of_which/whose_importance_is_often_stressed，plays an important part in football matches.(定语从句)
addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
[教材原句]　You see，during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
你看，在青少年时期我也吸烟并上了瘾。
(1)be/become/get addicted to 沉溺于……；对……上瘾
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. 有瘾的人
addict oneself to sth. 某人沉溺于某事
(3)addiction n. 癖好
①Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
有网瘾的青少年更有可能患忧郁症。
②Addicted to playing (play) the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.
他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到小偷进屋。
③Her son addicted himself to smoking，which had a bad effect on his health.
她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。

accustomed adj.习惯了的；惯常的
[教材原句]　This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
(1)be accustomed to(doing)sth.
　　　　习惯于(做)某事(表状态)
get/become accustomed to(doing)sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表动作)
(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于
accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
①He quickly got accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.
他很快适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
②Having_accustomed_himself_to living in the countryside，the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.
＝Accustomed(accustom) to living in the countryside，the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.习惯了在农村居住，这个老人觉得很难适应城市的生活。
链接写作
我习惯于在冬天的每个晚上喝一杯热茶，这样我就会觉得精神焕发。
①(普通表达)I am_used_to drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter，and I feel refreshed again.
②(高级表达)I get/am_accustomed_to_drinking a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter，and I feel refreshed again.
effect n．结果；效力；影响
[高考佳句]　While online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.(2016年浙江高考)尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有的影响都是积极正面的。
(1)have an effect/influence on/upon　对……产生影响
come/go into effect 生效
bring/carry/put...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
(3)affect vt. 影响
①Reading books of traditional culture can have a good effect on the children.
阅读传统文化的书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。
②It's reported that this regulation will come_into_effect from September 1，2018.
据报道本章程自2018年9月1日起生效。
链接写作
【导学号：65670117】
全球变暖正在对全球数以百计的动植物物种产生重大影响。
①Global warming is_having_a_great_effect/influence/impact_on/upon hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
②Global warming is_affecting_greatly hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.(affect)
ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
[教材原句]　If you weaken and have a cigarette，do not feel ashamed.
如果你意志薄弱了而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。
(1)be ashamed to do...　　　 耻于做……；因难为情而不愿做……
feel/be ashamed of(doing)sth. 为(做)某事感到羞愧
be ashamed that... 对……感到内疚
(2)It's a shame/pity that.../What a shame that...
……真让人遗憾
What a shame! 真可惜！
①He felt ashamed of cheating in the exam，determined never to do such things again.他因在考试中作弊而感到羞愧，决定再也不做这样的事情了。
②I was ashamed to_tell(tell) him that I had failed.
我惭愧地将我的失败告诉了他。
链接写作
她因为在考试中作弊而感到羞愧，于是便告诉了老师这一切。
①(普通表达)She was_so_ashamed_of_cheating_in_the_test that she went and told the teacher.(so...that...)
②(高级表达)Ashamed_of_cheating_in_the_test，she went and told the teacher.(形容词短语作状语)

due adj.预定的；到期的；应付的；欠款的
due to　　　　　由于；因为；归因于
be due to do sth. 预定做某事
be due to sb. 应付给/给予某人
①Unfortunately，due to unforeseen circumstances，this year's show has been cancelled.
遗憾的是，由于一些意外情况，今年的演出被取消了。
②The old man said the accident was due to careless driving，so a lot of money was due to be paid by the driver.那位老人说事故是由于粗心驾驶引起的，因此司机应支付很多钱。
诠释2个核心短语
take risks/a risk 冒险
[教材原句]　He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。
(1)at risk　　　　有风险
at the risk of... 冒着……风险
take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事
take risks(a risk)to do 冒险做……
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
①He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.
他决心到那里去，即使是冒生命危险也在所不惜。
②He got well­prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.
他为这个工作面试做了充分的准备，因为他不想冒险失去这次好机会。
链接写作
有一大家人要养活，所以他不能冒险失去这一次好机会。
①He has a large family to support，so he can't take_risks/a_risk_to_lose_the_good_chance．(risk n．)
②He has a large family to support，so he can't run_the_risk_of losing the good chance.(risk n．)
③He has a large family to support，so he can't risk_losing_the_good_chance．(risk v．)

get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
[教材原句]　Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place！当然，对付毒品的最好的方法就是首先不能养成(吸毒的)习惯！
get across　　 (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get along with 进展；相处
get away 逃脱；离开
get over 爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈
get through 完成；通过；接通电话；熬过(困难时期等)
get down to 开始做……
①A smile can help us get_through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。
②After Christmas I'm going to get_down_to some serious job­hunting.
圣诞节后，我打算开始认真地找工作。

突破1个高考句型
(教材P18)I do hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
句中使用了一个比较级结构：so/as ＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as，意为“和……一样……”。
①We wanted him to have as full a life as possible，not different from what we want for our other two sons.我们想让他尽可能地过充实的生活，与我们对其他的两个儿子的期望没有区别。
[名师点津]　类似此句型用法的还有：too/so/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.。
②I have never met so young a man with so_wise_a_head．我从来没见过这么年轻又聪明的人。
③This is too_difficult_a_problem_for the beginners to solve.这个问题对于初学者来说太难解决了。
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型————————
(对应学生用书第156页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After decades of effort, the city is still trying to figure out how to ban smoking(smoke) in public places.
2．Though disappointed (disappoint) to know he wouldn't get the job after the interview，Frank thanked us politely.
3．The number of people infected with HIV may reach 50 million by 2020 unless effective (effect) measures are taken to prevent the spread of the disease.
4．The man had so little education that he was unfit(fit) for this job.
5．What parents say and do will have a deep effect on their children.
6．I was once ashamed to_admit(admit) my weakness，but now I have no such feeling and I save myself much discomfort.
7．He only gave an embarrassed(embarrass) smile when I spilled the water onto him.
8．Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally(mental) and physically.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The president is due to delivering a lecture on economic policies.delivering→deliver
2．Having been abused his power as mayor to give jobs to his friends，Williams is now under investigation.删去been
3．Accustoming to living in Tianjin for quite a few years，Mr.Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.
【导学号：65670118】
Accustoming→Accustomed或Accustoming后加himself
4．After seeing your ad, I think your six­week English course is very fit to me.to→for
5．When you have an injury you start putting stress to other parts of your body.
to→on

(对应学生用书第156页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P18课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become 1.________(addict) to it, you may find 2.________ difficult for you to quit.Firstly，you may become 3.________( physical ) addicted to nicotine，one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals that exist in cigarettes. 4.________(second), you may develop the habit of smoking and finally become mentally addicted to it. You may believe that you will only feel good when you smoke and may find all 5.________(kind) of negative emotions in you when you stop smoking.
Smoking may have all kinds of harmful effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and non­smokers around them. It not only 6.________(affect) your physical fitness，but also does harm 7.________ your heart and lungs and causes 8.____ variety of diseases. Being a smoker, the offensive smell 9.________ appearance of you may drive people around you away. So，it's important that one should quit 10.________(smoke) and live a healthier life.
【答案】　1.addicted　2.it　3.physically
4．Secondly　5.kinds　6.affects　7.to　8.a
9．and　10.smoking
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．为了缓解精神压力，许多人，甚至是青少年，养成了吸烟的习惯。(relieve；adolescent)
2．众所周知，吸烟对健康有害。很多人由于吸烟死于肺癌、心脏病。(due to)
3．吸烟对周围的人也有影响，对环境造成污染。(have an effect on)
4．由于香烟价格不菲，吸烟会浪费很多钱，并可能引起火灾。(waste)
5．政府有必要采取有效措施禁烟，让吸烟违法，以便吸烟者决定戒烟。(necessary；quit)
第一步　练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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第二步　练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
In order to relieve mental stress，many people，even adolescents，get into the habit of smoking.It is well known that smoking do harm to health.A lot of people die of lung cancer and heart disease due to smoking.What's worse，smoking has an effect on the people around the smokers and pollute the environment.Smoking will waste many money because cigarettes are expensive.It can also cause fire.It is necessary for the government to take effective measure to ban smoking and make smoking illegal，so that smokers will decide to quit smoke.
【答案】　In order to relieve mental stress，many people，even adolescents，get into the habit of smoking.It is well known that smoking harm to health.A lot of people die of lung cancer and heart disease due to smoking.What's worse，smoking has an effect on the people around the smokers and the environment.Smoking will waste money because cigarettes are expensive.It can also cause fire.It is necessary for the government to take effective to ban smoking and make smoking illegal，so that smokers will decide to quit .