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2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义：第1部分Book8 Unit4 Filmsandfilmevents
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Book 8 Unit 4 Films and film events
晨读暮诵 单元话题——电影与电影事件
1．entertainment n．娱乐
2．recreation n．娱乐，消遣
3．cinema n．电影院
4．adapt vt.改编；编写
5．adaptation n．改编本
6．cartoon n．动画片
7．comedy n．喜剧
8．character n．角色；人物
9．fiction n．(虚构)小说
10．playwright n．剧作家
11．classic adj.经典的 n．名著
12．direct vt.导演(电影)
13．documentary n．纪录片
14．influence n．影响
15．drama n．戏；剧本；戏剧
16．beneficial adj.有益的
17．prize n．奖品
18．award vt.授予 n．奖品
19．release vt.发行；发布
20．original adj.原创的 n．原作
21．be keen on喜欢……
22．be crazy about对……着迷
23．have a taste for对……感兴趣
24．suit one's taste符合某人的嗜好
1．There was a time when he was very absorbed in a book called The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.
曾有一度他聚精会神地在看一本叫《鲁宾孙漂流记》的书。
2．After all, tomorrow is another day.明天又是新的一天。
3．It takes a strong man to save himself, and a great man to save another.坚强的人只能救赎自己，伟大的人才能拯救他人．
4．I know someone in the world is waiting for me, although I've no idea of who he is.But I feel happy every day for this.我知道这世上有人在等我，尽管我不知道他是谁。但是因为这样，我每天都非常快乐。
5．I don't think that when people grow up, they will become more broadminded and can accept everything.Conversely, I think it's a selecting process, knowing what's the most important and what's the least.And then be a simple man.我不觉得人的心智成熟是越来越宽容，什么都可以接受。相反，我觉得那应该是一个逐渐剔除的过程，知道自己最重要的是什么，知道不重要的东西是什么。而后，做一个简单的人。
6．Happiness is not about being immortal nor having food or rights in one's hand.It's about having each tiny wish come true.幸福，不是长生不老，不是大鱼大肉，不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。
7．Good literature works bring people happiness.
好的文学作品给人们带来愉悦。
8．Jack won the top place in the Composition Contest last week.
杰克在上星期的作文比赛中获得第一名。
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。
(1)提出邀请并简述原因；(2)提出观剧后活动的建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；(3)请求对方回复。
[参考范文]
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you.At two o'clock on the afternoon of August 5 the Shaoxing Opera，Butterfly Lovers will be on show at the newly built Tianjin Grand Theatre.Now that I know you're familiar with Chinese culture，especially Chinese opera，and Butterfly Lovers is a traditional Chinese opera，I sincerely invite you to watch it.What's more，I make a suggestion that we should pay a visit to the nearby museum or the gallery or other places, which will help you learn more about Chinese culture.
I hope that you can accept my invitation.If so，we can have a good time together.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours，
Li Jin
[高频词汇]
1．________(n.) 代表
2．________(vt.) 给……提供经费(n.) 财政，金融；资金
3．________(adv.) 故意地
4．________(adj.) 不太大的，不太贵的，些许的；谦虚的，谦逊的
5．________(vt.) 使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露
6．________(vt.) 看起来像，类似
7．________(n.) (微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃
8．________(adj.) 各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的
9．________(vt.) 忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视
10．________(adj.) 讨厌的，令人厌烦的
11．________(vt.& vi.) 拍摄；射击；打猎；射门，投篮；(n.) 拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽
12．________(n.) 抢劫
13．________(vt.& vi.) 积累，积聚；逐渐增加
14．________(n.) 吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力
【答案】1.representative 2.finance 3.deliberately
4．modest 5.expose 6.resemble 7.edge 8.broad
9．overlook 10.tiresome 11.shoot 12.robbery
13．accumulate 14.attraction
[派生词汇]
1．________(vt.& vi.) 反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→________(adj.) 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的
2．________(n.) 偏爱，偏好→________(vt.) 更喜欢，宁愿
3．________(n.) 失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→________(vt.) 使失望，使扫兴→________(adj.) 令人失望的→________(adj.) 失望的
4．________(n.) 祝贺，恭喜→________(vt.) 祝贺
[词缀归纳]
本单元学习了单词disappoint，由其现在分词转化的形容词disappointing，表示“令人失望的”，由其过去分词转化的形容词disappointed，意为“(人)感到失望的”。常见的这类形容词有：moving令人感动的；moved受感动的；frightening吓人的；frightened受惊吓的；satisfying令人满意的；satisfied感到满意的；puzzling令人迷惑不解的；puzzled(感到)困惑不解；encouraging令人鼓舞的；encouraged受鼓舞的。
【答案】1.contradict；contradictory 2.preference；prefer
3．disappointment；disappoint；disappointing；disappointed 4.congratulation；congratulate
[语境活用]
1．You'd be ________ (expose) to a lot less pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.
2．The speech was quite ________ (disappoint)；it left out some main questions.
3．Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive ________ (contradict) messages.
4．In considering people for the job, we give ________ (prefer) to those with some experience.
5．Peter doesn't seem to take after his father; but ________(相似) his mother very much.
6．I had planned to go to your party, but you knew I had to finish the ________ (令人厌烦的) paper.
7．This ________ (attract) tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes.
8．I think you should check your report again. Many important details are________ (忽略)．
【答案】1.exposed 2.disappointing 3.contradictory
4．preference 5.resembles 6.tiresome 7.attractive 8.overlooked
1．in defence ________ 为……辩护；防卫
2．point ________ 指出
3．regardless ________ 不管
4．be appropriate ________ 适合于，对……合适
5．________ the minority 占少数
6．refer ________ 提到；参考；有关
7．in time ________ 及时
8．have no access ________ 没有……的机会/权利
9．show ________ 炫耀，卖弄
10．be aware ________ 知道，意识到
11．have a tendency ________… 有……倾向
12．give thought ________ 认真考虑，思考
【答案】1.of 2.out 3.of 4.to 5.in 6.to 7.for 8.to
9．off 10.of 11.to 12.to
[语境活用]
1．If we are ________ the minority, we are pressured into joining the majority.
2．We welcome good employees, regardless __________ their age or sex.
3．Hundreds of people gave their lives ________ defence of freedom.
4．Ten years ago，I never，for one minute gave thought ________ what I would do to earn my living.
5．Our government has promised to improve our water quality，so it won't be long before the residents can have access ________ clean water.
6．The interests he is most likely to enjoy will be those which enable him to show ________ himself or his talents.
7．Not only did he point ________ my shortcomings, but also helped me to overcome them.
8．He has been aware ________ his mistakes and wants to correct them without delay.
【答案】1.in 2.of 3.in 4.to 5.to 6.off 7.out 8.of
1. [原句] Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive.
[点拨] 句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
[仿写] 不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。
Whenever you are invited to do something, response is expected, ________________________.
2. [原句] However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
[点拨] both of whom引导非限制性定语从句。
[仿写] 她的两个兄弟都在苏格兰工作，他们每周都给她打电话。
Her brothers，______________ work in Scotland, ring her up every week.
3．[原句] We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show—as long as a film's quality meets our standards，we include it.
[点拨] as long as引导条件状语从句
[仿写] 只要你提前简要地了解唐朝历史，你会发现学习唐诗很容易。
You will find it easy to learn Tang poems ______________ you understand the history of Tang Dynasty briefly ahead of time.
【答案】1.whether you can go or not 2.both of whom 3.as long as
第一板块 核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露；露出，袒露
(1)expose…to… 把……暴露在……，使……接触……
expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事
(2)exposed adj. (指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的
be exposed to 接触……；暴露于……中
(3)exposure n. 暴露
①A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger.
明智的母亲决不会让她的孩子置身于一丁点儿危险之中。
②The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire.
EP没有暴露可能引起火灾的加热部件。
③There is convincing evidence of a link between ________ to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
【答案】③exposure
[温馨提示] expose…to和be exposed to中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词、或动名词作宾语。
(2018·高考江苏卷，阅读理解D)She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school illequipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
[分析] 本句是复合句，句中said后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，pressure后跟省略了关系代词that的定语从句。
[翻译] 她说社交媒体公司让孩子们面临重大的情感风险，一些青少年在中学时没有能力应对他们在网上面临的巨大压力。
2．overlook vt.忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视
[一词多义]
写出下列句中overlook的含义。
①It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood.________
②I stood by my window overlooking the parking lot，having nothing better to do.________
③He has overlooked the fact that the back door was not locked.________
【答案】①忽略 ②俯视 ③忽略；未注意到
[巧学助记]
The window of the study overlooks the flowers in the corner of the garden，which are often overlooked.
从书房的窗户能俯瞰到花园角落里的那些花，它们经常被忽视。
3．preference n．[U]偏爱，偏好；喜爱[C]更喜欢的人(或物)
(1)have a preference for 更喜欢……
give (a) preference to 给……以优惠；优待
develop a preference for 养成对……的偏爱
in preference to 优先于；而不是
(2)prefer (vt.&vi.) 较喜欢，喜欢……多于……
prefer doing/to do sth. 更愿意做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth.
更喜欢做某事(前者)而不愿做某事(后者)
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做……而不做……
①Those regular customers will have a preference for getting the gifts.
那些老客户们会更喜欢得到礼物。
②The Pentagon will give preference ________ companies which do business electronically.
美国国防部将会优先考虑那些能够进行电子商务的公司。
③When it comes to fruit, I would usually choose apples in preference to pears.
谈到水果，我通常愿意选择苹果，其次才是梨。
④I became a teacher because I preferred books and people ________ politics.
我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。
【答案】②to ④to
4．contradict vt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反
(1)contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(2)contradiction n. 矛盾，对立；反驳
in contradiction with/to 与……矛盾/不一致
(3)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的，不一致的
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
①The speaker had got confused，and started contradicting himself.
演讲者弄糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾起来。
②Some astronauts feel sick on the space station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.
有些宇航员在空间站起初的几天感到恶心是因为他们的大脑接收到了相互矛盾的信息。
③Your reply today is ______________________what you said last week.
你今天的答复跟你上星期说的恰好相反。
【答案】③in direct contradiction to/with
5．disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴
(1)disappointed adj. 感到失望的
be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而失望
be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed with sb. 对某人感到失望
(2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(3)disappointment n. 失望
(much)to one's disappointment/to one's(great)disappointment 使某人(大为)失望的是
①These jobs didn't pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.
这些工作报酬不高，而且人们感到孤独，对城市的新生活感到失望。
②There's no reason to be ________.As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing.
没什么理由要失望，实际上这非常好玩。
③When Joe was about to start school, all signs pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite disappointing.
在乔上学之前，所有的迹象都表明他会成功，然而事情最后竟是令人十分失望。
【答案】②disappointed
(2018·高考天津卷，完形填空)Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.
[分析] 本句是复合句，句中的分词短语Being the coach…作状语，because引导原因状语从句，knew后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，we were defeated是省略关系代词that的定语从句。
[翻译] 作为新队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令我失望的是我们被击败了。
6．in defence of为……辩护；保卫
(1)in one's defence ＝ in defence of sb.
为某人辩护
(2)defend vt. 保卫；防守
defend…from/against 保护……使不受……，
为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫
①More and more women today have learned to rise ________ their legal rights.
现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。
②We should be ready at all times to defend our own country from/against invasion.
我们必须随时准备防止我们的国家受到外来侵略。
③The dam was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.
修建这座堤坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲垮。
【答案】①in defence of
7．give thought to认真考虑，思考
at first thought 乍一想
at the thought of 一想到……(就)
on second thought(s) 经仔细考虑后
without a second thought 立即，马上；不假思索
be deep/lost in thought 陷入沉思
read sb.'s thoughts 看出某人的心思
①They need to give serious thought to how they can best adjust to such changes.
他们需要认真思考他们如何能最好的适应这些变化。
②At first thought, the plan was quite practical.
乍一想，这一计划还相当实用。
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．From his ________ voice on the phone I know what his son did disappointed him；in other words，his son is ________.(disappoint)
2．The Great Salt Lake is a great tourist ________(attract)，and draws a large number of visitors each year.
3．Children are taught to respect everyone，regardless ________ race，sex or age.
4．Mr. Green didn't think the little boy was to blame, so he stood up in ________ (defend) of him.
5．She did ________ (contradiction) herself. She said she would never marry young, but she did.
6．John went through the test paper once more carefully for fear that he would ________(overlook) any essential details.
7．One reason for her ________(prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
8．When I came to the strange city，I began to give thought ________ what I would do to earn my living.
9．Studies show that students often ________(expose) to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.
10．She resembles her twin sister ________ appearance but not ________ character.
【答案】1.disappointed；disappointing 2.attraction 3.of
4．defence 5.contradict 6.overlook 7.preference 8.to
9．exposed 10.in；in
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I saw him sitting on the bench of the park，losing in deep thought.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Give thinking to how much you have，if you have a roof over your head，food to eat and are healthy.
_____________________________________________________________
3．Be exposed to sunshine too much will do harm to one's skin.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Our results in this market have been rather disappointed compared with last year.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The town and its environs are inviting, with recreational attraction and art museums.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.losing→lost 2.thinking→thought 3.Be→Being
4．disappointed→disappointing 5.attraction→attractions
第二板块 经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not，everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive.
不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。
句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，它还可以引导名词性从句。
①Whether he will stay or not, I really don't care.
他要留下来还是要走，我真的不在意。
②There's always competition，____________________.
不论你是否意识到，竞争永远存在。
③Whether the secretary will be fired or not is at the mercy of her boss.
这个秘书是否被解雇完全取决于她的老板。
【答案】②whether you realize it or not
(2018·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ，七选五)Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.
[分析] 句中whether…or…引导让步状语从句。
[翻译] 不管你看的是墙纸还是油漆，花在上面的时间、精力和相关费用都是很重要的。
2．However，he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both_of_whom were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。
both of whom属于“代词(或数词)＋of＋关系代词(whom/which)”结构。该结构的用法如下：
(1)常见形式：both/all/neither/none/some/several/a few/many/more/the largest…of which/whom
(2)关系代词：指人时用whom，指物时用which
①I have two children，both of whom are studying at university now.
我有两个孩子，现在都在上大学。
②On the desk are two English books，both of which are about the history of Egypt.
书桌上有两本英文书，都是有关埃及历史的。
③It also causes bad side effects，________________ can be deadly.
它也引发严重的副作用，其中一些是可以致命的。
【答案】③some of which
(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ，书面表达)你知道我们中国有很多传统的艺术形式，其中剪纸是最受欢迎的之一。
[翻译] You know we Chinese have a lot of traditional art forms, of which papercutting is one of the most popular.
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．她甚至连她女儿是死是活都不知道。
She doesn't even know ________________________________.
2．她擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有这三门语言她都说得很流利。
She was good at German，French and Russian，________________________.
3．不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。
You'll have to attend the ceremony ____________________.
4．有500人参加了这次会议，他们大多数是科学家。
There were 500 people attending the conference，______________ were scientists.
【答案】1.whether her daughter is dead or alive 2.all of which she spoke fluently 3.whether you're free or busy 4．most of whom
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。
1．一部好电影的标准是什么？(criterion)
2．首先要有好的编剧写出好的剧本。(script, screenwriter)
3．有顶级的导演和演员。(topranking)
4．这样拍出来的电影才不会让观众失望。(shoot, disappoint)
5．在电影院一边吃着爆米花，一边欣赏着电影。(attraction)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
What is the criterion of a good film? A good script written by a good screenwriter is a must.There should be topranking director and actors.When a film is shot in this way, it won't disappoint the audience.Then at the cinema people are enjoying the attraction of the film while eating the popcorn.
[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·湖北八市联考)It looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a recordbreaking year in movie history.Here is a list of some of the year's biggest blockbusters so far.
Kong: Skull Island
A reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modern version of the story will be worth watching.With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year's biggest monster tale.
Release Date: 3/10/17
Beauty and the Beast
Director Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love.With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading the cast,_the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it'll be a delight for both children and adults.
Release Date: 3/17/17
The Fate of the Furious
There was doubt that we'd even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker's character was given at the end of Furious 7.Fans thought they'd never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.The actor's character, Dom, turns to the dark side, funded by new enemy Cipher, played by South African actress Charlize Theron.Can the rest of Dom's family join together to bring their old leader down? Find out in April.
Release Date: 4/14/17
SpiderMan: Homecoming
Spider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time.The movie will show us Peter Parker's high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War.We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.But it's Tom Holland's show as SpiderMan, so let's see what he has in store.
Release Date: 7/7/17
1．Which of the following movies can't you see on May Day?
A．Kong: Skull Island.
B．Beauty and the Beast.
C．The Fate of the Furious.
D．SpiderMan: Homecoming.
2．What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?
A．It is fueling up for another go.
B．It is produced by Marvel Studios.
C．It'll show us Peter Parker's school days.
D．It'll be enjoyable for both children and adults.
3．What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?
A．Characters. B．Actors.
C．Directors. D．Teachers.
【答案与解析】
1．D 细节理解题。根据四部影片的开映时间可知，最后一部影片《蜘蛛侠》在7月7日上映，所以五一节假日期间是看不到该影片的。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第二部影片《美女与野兽》最后一句话中“it'll be a delight for both children and adults”可知，小孩和成年人都喜欢看这部电影。
3．B 词义猜测题。通过上下文可知，此句意为“在两位主演的带领下，这部大片小孩、成人都喜欢”，主演带领的对象毫无疑问是其他的演员，此处cast是名词，意为“(戏剧、电影等的)一组演员”。
B
If you're making the film with other people，organize your cast and crew effectively.Make sure everybody knows their role and what day and times they're needed.
Give people specific jobs, so they can become experts in their field.For example，a sound recordist listens to the sound through headphones as it's being recorded，and holds an extra microphone if needed.
A camera operator frames the picture (取景)，sets focus，checks the light and records the action.The editor “cuts” the picture together after it's shot(拍摄)．
A producer is the contact point for the film.He or she makes sure the crew and cast are there on time，talks to the press and organizes the budget.
A director has to make sure their vision is communicated.To do this everyone needs to be clear about what the director expects from each scene and each shot.
You may also need a makeupartist，a choreographer，a driver etc. However，you can quite easily make your first film on your own.Make a schedule that says which shots are to be taken where and when (this is called a shooting schedule) and when you've completed a take，cross it off the list.Remember that you may want to shoot “out of order”， e．g. shoot the last scene first, and the first last.Similarly if the film begins and ends by a tree in the park，it may make sense to film both scenes while you're there.
Continuity is particularly important in drama.Take a Polaroid camera and take photos to record details.You may need to come back to a scene days later.When you decide your locations，consider whether you need permission to use the space，how noisy it will be and what the light will be like at the time of day you will need to use it.Is there power available？Are you likely to be interrupted?
If you're making animation (动画片)，have a space that you can control.You may need extra lights and you may need to leave work in progress.Make sure people living with you are aware what's happening.Animation needs a lot of undisturbed concentration and patience.Keep at it and it'll pay off.Aardmann and Disney both started off at home experimenting with clay，pens and a camera.
4．From the first two paragraphs we can learn that ________.
A．every crew member is an expert in his field
B．careful preparations and arrangements are quite
necessary
C．both the cast and crew must arrive at the same time every day
D．every person should have his equipment while working together
5．A director knows the purpose of each step of the work，but ________.
A．he needn't tell others about that
B．other members just follow his orders
C．he must have it known and well understood by others
D．others may have their own ideas and special ways of working
6．To shoot a film, a shooting schedule must be fixed first ________.
A．but it may be crossed off if unnecessary
B．but you needn't work exactly on it
C．and each step must be carried out according to it
D．and no one can change it once it is settled
7．It can be inferred from the nexttolast paragraph that ________.
A．you need ask others' advice when deciding locations
B．it is easy to find a proper location to shoot a film
C．once you find a good place to film you must check it later
D．unexpected things may happen while you are shooting in a place
【答案与解析】
4．B 细节理解题。前两段主要讲述拍摄电影的前期准备工作和安排，演员和工作人员需要各负其责，分工协作。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，导演要清楚拍摄的每个步骤，而且要让每个工作人员都了解其目的和所要达到的效果。
6．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，拍摄时间表要事先制定，但随着场景的需要在顺序上可灵活调整。
7．D 推理判断题。拍外景要考虑别人是否允许使用，要考虑外景地的环境，包括噪音、光线，电力供应等，由此推测拍摄时，有可能会发生意想不到的事情。
C
Journey to Mecca: In the Footsteps of Ibn Battuta
Ibn Battuta is considered one of the world's greatest travellers.During the 14th century, he travelled about 75, 000 miles in search of knowledge and for the love of travel.To share the learning and research so highly valued by Islamic (伊斯兰教的) culture, the ruler of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, wanted Ibn Battuta's worldwide travels recorded and published when he returned home to Morocco after almost 30 years.Ibn Juzayy, a Moroccan Court Secretary, was appointed to write down Ibn Battuta's experiences.His travel journal, The Rihla, documents this extraordinary achievement.It gives us a firsthand account of life in the 14thcentury Muslim world.The original book, handwritten in Arabic, can be viewed today at the National Library in Paris.
The early 14th century was a favorable age for a Muslim traveller.It was nearing the end of the Golden Age of Islam, one of the great explosions of scientific and cultural achievements in world history.Caravans and sea lanes created transportation and communication networks that spread across continents, including Europe, Africa and Asia.Towns and cities were regularly visited by merchants, traders, doctors, artists, craftsmen, scholars and pilgrims (朝圣者) carrying goods and ideas.All of these promoted the exchange of goods and ideas on a scale not seen previously in world history.As an educated man with professional legal skills, Ibn Battuta enjoyed kindness, companionship and offers of employment throughout the Islamic world.
Journey to Mecca describes the 5, 000mile journey Ibn Battuta made in 1325 and 1326 from his hometown Tangier, Morocco, to reach Mecca, in what is now the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to make the pilgrimage.During this dangerous and awesome 18month pilgrimage, he met many hindrances as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.Joining the legendary Damascus Caravan with thousands of pilgrims leaving for Mecca, he completed the final section of what would be his first of six journeys to Mecca.
The goal of the film, Journey to Mecca, was to tell the remarkable story of Ibn Battuta and to promote a better understanding of Islam in the West, said the producers.
8．We can conclude that Abu Inan Faris probably thought Ibn Battuta's travel experiences ________.
A．precious B．questionable
C．mysterious D．ridiculous
9．What can we learn about Ibn Battuta from the text?
A．He wrote the travel journal, The Rihla, by himself.
B．He travelled all the way with the legendary Damascus Caravan during his first journey.
C．He was a very successful businessman.
D．He had to overcome varieties of difficulties while traveling.
10．The underlined word “hindrances” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”．
A．tricks B．friends
C．barriers D．opportunities
11．In which section of a newspaper can we possibly find this passage?
A．History. B．Travel.
C．Economy. D．Entertainment.
【答案与解析】
8．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“the ruler of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, wanted Ibn Battuta's worldwide travels recorded and published when he returned home to Morocco after almost 30 years.”可知，摩洛哥的统治者认为伊本·巴图塔的世界环游经历是珍贵的，值得记录和出版。
9．D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣为期十八个月的行程中遭遇并克服了很多艰险，如受到抢劫者攻击，饱受饥渴，以及由于红海沿线的战争被迫返回原路线等等。
10．C 词义猜测题。根据下文中“as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.”可以判断出，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣途中经历了很多艰险，遇到了很多困难障碍。
11．D 推理判断题。本文简要介绍了伟大的旅行家伊本·巴图塔的环球之旅以及根据他的旅行经历拍摄的电影《麦加之旅》，所以我们能在报纸的娱乐版面发现该文章。
D
(2018黄冈中学高5月适应性考试)They hide in trees, hang from helicopters, even follow people down on motorcycles—all so that they can photograph a celebrity.They are paparazziphotographers who make a living by taking pictures of the rich and famous.
This September, California, a state with plenty of celebrities, passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi.The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures, from using hightech devices to take pictures of people on private property, and from “persistently following in order to take a picture”. Violators can be fined or spend time in prison.The US Congress is considering passing a similar law.
Supporters of the California law say it will protect the privacy of celebrities, whom paparazzi have been bothering for years.Opponents (反对者) say the law restricts photojournalists from doing their job.
Most celebrities seem to like having their pictures taken when they are in public at award shows or other events.After all, it's free publicity.But when they're not in public, they say, photographers should leave them alone.Yet paparazzi have been known to secretly look in windows and worse.Actor Michael J．Fox said that paparazzi have even “tried to pretend to be medical personnel at the hospital where my wife was giving birth to our son”．
Celebrities have as much right to their privacy as anyone else, supporters of the law state.Supporters further argue that the California law is a fair way to keep the press at bay, because the law still allows photographers to do their job.It only punishes them, supporters say, when they violate celebrities' privacy.
Opponents of the law say it violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution (美国宪法第一修正案), which guarantees that no laws will be made to limit “the freedom of speech, or of the press”. Although some people might not consider paparazzi a part of the legal press, the California law does not single out paparazzi.It applies to photographers working for any publication.
Opponents of the law are also concerned about its wording.“Does ‘persistently’ mean following someone for six minutes, six seconds, or six days？” asked lawyer Douglas Mirell.The wording of the law is too vague, critics complain, and could be used to punish almost any news photographer.
The United States needs a free press to keep the public informed about important news, paparazzi law opponents say.Limiting the press in any way, they argue, limits the freedom of all.
12．Which of the following will be considered illegal by the new California law?
A．Paparazzi slipping into the house of a famous person to take a shot.
B．Paparazzi taking photos of famous people with hightech cameras.
C．Paparazzi hiring helicopters as a fast means of transportation.
D．Paparazzi rushing towards filming sites on motorcycles.
13．Supporters of the new law believe that ________.
A．it prevents the media from getting worse
B．it gives photographers a fair way to compete
C．punishment forces paparazzi to quit their job
D．privacy of famous people needs special protection
14．Opponents of the new law are concerned that ________.
A．it will violate paparazzi's privacy
B．the First Amendment will be changed
C．some photographers will be wrongly accused
D．people will not be informed of important news
15．What is the author's attitude towards the new California law?
A．Critical. B．Neutral.
C．Approving. D．Skeptical.
【答案与解析】
12．A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知根据加尼佛尼亚新的法律，狗仔队溜进名人家里拍照是违法的，故选A。
13．A 细节理解题。由第五段第二句可知这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，选A。
14．C 推理判断题。由倒数第二段第二句可知反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨“它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者”选C。
15．B 推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了许多国家为了保护名人的隐私，相继出台了一些法律，限制狗仔队的偷拍行为。这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨“它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者”。作者只是客观的描述，所以作者对加尼佛尼亚新的法律持中立态度，选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment.Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents.They also reduce the effect of a crash on the body. 1 Worldwide，the devices have protected up to a million people.
America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849.The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his invention of a safety device. 2 This early version of safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object.
Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt. 3 It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer，Nils Bohlin.His threepoint，lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago.
Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place.His invention contained a cloth strap(带子) that was placed across the chest and another strap across his hips. 4
Volvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars.This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin's design to other carmakers.
5 He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995.He died in Sweden in 2002.
A．The Swedish engineer won many honors for his seat belt.
B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life.
C．The design joined the straps next to the hip.
D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin's invention of the seat belt.
E．Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year in America alone.
F．But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed.
G．Claghorn called his invention a safety belt.
【答案】1～5 EGFCA
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2018·保定高三上期末调研)Four years ago in church, I saw a child of my age.His __1__ was pinned on the bullet in board, his dirty clothes barely covering his small，__2__ body.He should not have had a __3__ on his face but there he had, showing off his white teeth.I walked past his picture every day __4__ him less and less.His pictures are also sent to us not to show what the child looks like but to __5__ us that we are sponsoring him.We need to reflect because we are so __6__ in our own misfortunes that we __7__ that there are people worse off than us.Our desires are insatiable (无法满足的) and we take for granted every __8__ that we are blessed with.
I looked at the child's picture today for the first time in a __9__ time. His letter came every few months and I __10__ them over never taking the time to __11__ back.I was just too busy spending money going to the movies with my friends.We can't just help others __12__ and they need our time and hands to help create a better world for everyone.
We are presented with __13__ opportunities such as work and education.What we don't realize is that the people without these __14__ would pay every last cent to get the opportunities that __15__ themselves to us every day.When they are __16__ to us, we shouldn't push them aside.
I honestly __17__ if everyone had a chance to experience these, this world would open up a little more and provide more __18__ and assistance to those who __19__ it most.Anything can help those homeless in our own city but __20__ with me.
1．A.prize B．picture
C．name D．letter
2．A.black B．lovely
C．main D．weak
3．A.change B．pain
C．smile D．sign
4．A.noticing B．greeting
C．seeing D．touching
5．A.inform B．remind
C．teach D．warn
6．A.absorbed B．interested
C．expert D．lost
7．A.believe B．fear
C．forget D．doubt
8．A.opportunity B．possibility
C．relation D．person
9．A.short B．long
C．limited D．hard
10．A.glanced B．thought
C．turned D．looked
11．A.go B．call
C．write D．pay
12．A.physically B．financially
C．mentally D．casually
13．A.real B．special
C．rare D．many
14．A.ways B．plans
C．choices D．experiences
15．A.present B．describe
C．introduce D．prove
16．A.close B．similar
C．available D．hopeful
17．A.hope B．believe
C．doubt D．say
18．A.attention B．freedom
C．energy D．power
19．A.care B．enjoy
C．dislike D．need
20．A.agrees B．starts
C．fights D．talks
【答案与解析】
1．B 根据下文的“I walked past his picture every day”可知，此处句意为“四年前在教堂，我看到一个和我同龄的孩子。他的照片被钉在布告板上。”
2．D 句意：他的脏衣服几乎不能遮盖住他那弱小的身体。根据句意可知孩子的身体是弱小的。
3．C 根据下句“but there he had, showing off his white teeth”可知，只有微笑才有可能露出牙齿。
4．A 句意：我每天从他的照片旁走过，越来越少地注意他。根据常识可知，人对所熟悉的东西会不太注意的。
5．B 句意：给我们看他的照片，不是为了展示孩子的长相，而是提醒我们要赞助他。inform“通知”；remind“提醒”；teach“教导，训练”；warn“警告”。
6．D 句意：我们需要反思，因为我们沉浸在自己的不幸中，而忘记了有些人比我们更糟糕。be absorbed in“专心致力于，全神贯注于”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be expert in“精通……，是……方面的专家”；be lost in“迷失在……，沉浸在……”。
7．C 句意：我们只沉浸在自己的不幸中，才会忘记别人。
8．A 根据上一句“Our desires are insatiable (无法满足的)”，可推测出我们认为我们享有的一切机会都是理所当然的。
9．B 根据上文“I walked past his picture every day noticing him less and less”可以推测出作者是第一次长时间看他的照片。
10．A 句意：他的信每隔几个月就来一次，我匆匆看一下，从不回信。glanced over“匆匆看一下”； thought over“仔细考虑”；turned over“移交，翻过来”；looked over“察看，仔细检查”。
11．C 根据上文的来信，看信，以及后面的“I was just too busy spending money going to movies with my friend.”可知，作者忙着与朋友们去看电影，从没有花时间写回信。
12．B 句意：我们不能只在经济上帮助别人，他们需要我们花时间用双手来帮助每个人创造一个更美好的世界。
13．D 句意：我们有许多机会，如工作和教育。根据后面的“such as work and education”。可知机会有很多，用“many”。
14．C 句意：我们有许多机会，如工作和教育机会等。我们没有意识到的是，没有这些选择的人们每天都会花掉每一分钱，以获得每天向我们展示自己的机会。
15．A present sb with sth，为固定搭配，“提供某人某物” 。
16．C 句意：当他们出现在我们面前时，我们不应该把他们推到一边。available “可得到的，可利用的”。
17．B 句意：我真诚地相信，如果每个人都有机会体验到这些，这个世界将会更开放，并给予那些最需要的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。
18．A 句意：根据上文的“We can't just help others __12__ and they need our time and hands to help create a better world for everyone.”可知，帮助别人不仅仅从经济上，而是要关心、关怀他们。
19．D 句意：为那些最需要它的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。
20．B 句意：任何东西都可以帮助我们城市里的无家可归者，但是要从我做起。
Ⅱ.语法填空
A couple had been married for over 60 years.They shared everything，talked about everything and kept no 1.________(secret) from each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 2.________she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.
He'd never thought about it ever since.One day 3.________woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldn't recover.To sort out their affairs，the husband took down the box and 4.________(bring) it to his wife's bedside.She agreed it 5.________(be)time that he should know what was in the box.
6．________(open) it，he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling$25,000.He asked her about the contents.“When we were to be married，” she said，“my grandma told me the secret of happy marriage was never 7.________(argue)，and I should just keep quiet and make a mat when I got angry with you.”
The man was so 8.________(move) that he had to fight back tears.She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving！“Honey，”he said，“that explains the mats，but what about the money？Where 9.________(do) it come from? ”
“Oh，” she said，“that's the money I made from selling 10.________.”
【答案】1.secrets 2.that/which 3.the 4.brought
5．was 6.Opening 7.to argue 8.moved 9.did
10．them
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
When it came to city and country life，I think they all have their own advantages and disadvantages.
For city life，you know，the traffic is too convenient that you can arrange your life flexible and easily.At the same time，there are many great opportunity for you when looking for jobs.Also，there is no doubt the quality of life is fantastic.Fortunately，living in cities，you will suffer much stress and heavy air pollution.
For country life，as we all know it，the life is peaceful and the environment is beautiful，which is both good for your health.However，it is inconvenient for people to go out.Beside，the communication is easy.
【答案】
When it to city and country life，I think they have their own advantages and disadvantages.
For city life，you know，the traffic is convenient that you can arrange your life and easily.At the same time，there are many great for you when looking for jobs.Also，there is no doubt the quality of life is fantastic.，living in cities，you will suffer much stress and heavy air pollution.
For country life，as we all know ，the life is peaceful and the environment is beautiful，which both good for your health.However，it is inconvenient for people to go out. ，the communication isn't easy.
Ⅱ.书面表达
假如你是李华，你校英语报开设了一个介绍经典英文电影的专栏，根据所给的提示用英语为该栏目写一篇《幸福来敲门》(The Pursuit of Happiness)
导演
Gabriele Muccino
主演
Will Smith
剧情介绍
由于金融危机(financial crisis)，主人公Chris失业了，更糟糕的是他的妻子也离家出走了。但他坚强乐观地面对困难，独自一人抚养六岁的儿子，最后过上了幸福的生活。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Last Sunday in our English club I saw the film The Pursuit of Happiness, whose director is Gabriele Muccino.
Chris, the hero played by Will Smith, lost his job because of financial crisis.Worse still, his wife left him, leaving their sixyearold son behind.However, facing a variety of difficulties, he was so optimistic and determined that he managed to pull through them and they finally lived a happy life.
This is really a moving and inspiring film which shows us that everyone can get happiness as long as he has a positive attitude to life.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．At the exhibition yesterday，the TV maker showed ______one of its low energy TV screens.
2．Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing ________the ocean's edge.
3．Many elderly people expressed a strong ________(prefer) to live in their own homes.
4．Many young people，most of ________were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
5．A ________(finance) crisis，just as we have seen，could not be solved by America or Europe alone.
6．All evening her husband was against everything she said，and then they quarreled with each other ________(fierce)．
7．________he will stay or not, I really don't care.
8．The fine is 200 yuan, or a warning, for those who ______(deliberate) damage cultural relics under the protection of the country.
【答案】1.off 2.at 3.preference 4.whom 5.financial 6.fiercely 7.Whether 8.deliberately
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They is little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate.Nevertheless，it is important that we try.
_____________________________________________________________
2．He does go to the airport yesterday, but he didn't find you.
_____________________________________________________________
3．It was from him, our English teacher, whom we learned this English song.
_____________________________________________________________
4．People spend a lot of time pointed out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if we'd publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The more one is exposing to the Englishspeaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.They →There 2.does → did 3.whom → that
4．pointed → pointing 5.exposing → exposed
晨读暮诵 单元话题——电影与电影事件
1．entertainment n．娱乐
2．recreation n．娱乐，消遣
3．cinema n．电影院
4．adapt vt.改编；编写
5．adaptation n．改编本
6．cartoon n．动画片
7．comedy n．喜剧
8．character n．角色；人物
9．fiction n．(虚构)小说
10．playwright n．剧作家
11．classic adj.经典的 n．名著
12．direct vt.导演(电影)
13．documentary n．纪录片
14．influence n．影响
15．drama n．戏；剧本；戏剧
16．beneficial adj.有益的
17．prize n．奖品
18．award vt.授予 n．奖品
19．release vt.发行；发布
20．original adj.原创的 n．原作
21．be keen on喜欢……
22．be crazy about对……着迷
23．have a taste for对……感兴趣
24．suit one's taste符合某人的嗜好
1．There was a time when he was very absorbed in a book called The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.
曾有一度他聚精会神地在看一本叫《鲁宾孙漂流记》的书。
2．After all, tomorrow is another day.明天又是新的一天。
3．It takes a strong man to save himself, and a great man to save another.坚强的人只能救赎自己，伟大的人才能拯救他人．
4．I know someone in the world is waiting for me, although I've no idea of who he is.But I feel happy every day for this.我知道这世上有人在等我，尽管我不知道他是谁。但是因为这样，我每天都非常快乐。
5．I don't think that when people grow up, they will become more broadminded and can accept everything.Conversely, I think it's a selecting process, knowing what's the most important and what's the least.And then be a simple man.我不觉得人的心智成熟是越来越宽容，什么都可以接受。相反，我觉得那应该是一个逐渐剔除的过程，知道自己最重要的是什么，知道不重要的东西是什么。而后，做一个简单的人。
6．Happiness is not about being immortal nor having food or rights in one's hand.It's about having each tiny wish come true.幸福，不是长生不老，不是大鱼大肉，不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。
7．Good literature works bring people happiness.
好的文学作品给人们带来愉悦。
8．Jack won the top place in the Composition Contest last week.
杰克在上星期的作文比赛中获得第一名。
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。
(1)提出邀请并简述原因；(2)提出观剧后活动的建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；(3)请求对方回复。
[参考范文]
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you.At two o'clock on the afternoon of August 5 the Shaoxing Opera，Butterfly Lovers will be on show at the newly built Tianjin Grand Theatre.Now that I know you're familiar with Chinese culture，especially Chinese opera，and Butterfly Lovers is a traditional Chinese opera，I sincerely invite you to watch it.What's more，I make a suggestion that we should pay a visit to the nearby museum or the gallery or other places, which will help you learn more about Chinese culture.
I hope that you can accept my invitation.If so，we can have a good time together.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours，
Li Jin
[高频词汇]
1．________(n.) 代表
2．________(vt.) 给……提供经费(n.) 财政，金融；资金
3．________(adv.) 故意地
4．________(adj.) 不太大的，不太贵的，些许的；谦虚的，谦逊的
5．________(vt.) 使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露
6．________(vt.) 看起来像，类似
7．________(n.) (微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃
8．________(adj.) 各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的
9．________(vt.) 忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视
10．________(adj.) 讨厌的，令人厌烦的
11．________(vt.& vi.) 拍摄；射击；打猎；射门，投篮；(n.) 拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽
12．________(n.) 抢劫
13．________(vt.& vi.) 积累，积聚；逐渐增加
14．________(n.) 吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力
【答案】1.representative 2.finance 3.deliberately
4．modest 5.expose 6.resemble 7.edge 8.broad
9．overlook 10.tiresome 11.shoot 12.robbery
13．accumulate 14.attraction
[派生词汇]
1．________(vt.& vi.) 反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→________(adj.) 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的
2．________(n.) 偏爱，偏好→________(vt.) 更喜欢，宁愿
3．________(n.) 失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→________(vt.) 使失望，使扫兴→________(adj.) 令人失望的→________(adj.) 失望的
4．________(n.) 祝贺，恭喜→________(vt.) 祝贺
[词缀归纳]
本单元学习了单词disappoint，由其现在分词转化的形容词disappointing，表示“令人失望的”，由其过去分词转化的形容词disappointed，意为“(人)感到失望的”。常见的这类形容词有：moving令人感动的；moved受感动的；frightening吓人的；frightened受惊吓的；satisfying令人满意的；satisfied感到满意的；puzzling令人迷惑不解的；puzzled(感到)困惑不解；encouraging令人鼓舞的；encouraged受鼓舞的。
【答案】1.contradict；contradictory 2.preference；prefer
3．disappointment；disappoint；disappointing；disappointed 4.congratulation；congratulate
[语境活用]
1．You'd be ________ (expose) to a lot less pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.
2．The speech was quite ________ (disappoint)；it left out some main questions.
3．Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive ________ (contradict) messages.
4．In considering people for the job, we give ________ (prefer) to those with some experience.
5．Peter doesn't seem to take after his father; but ________(相似) his mother very much.
6．I had planned to go to your party, but you knew I had to finish the ________ (令人厌烦的) paper.
7．This ________ (attract) tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes.
8．I think you should check your report again. Many important details are________ (忽略)．
【答案】1.exposed 2.disappointing 3.contradictory
4．preference 5.resembles 6.tiresome 7.attractive 8.overlooked
1．in defence ________ 为……辩护；防卫
2．point ________ 指出
3．regardless ________ 不管
4．be appropriate ________ 适合于，对……合适
5．________ the minority 占少数
6．refer ________ 提到；参考；有关
7．in time ________ 及时
8．have no access ________ 没有……的机会/权利
9．show ________ 炫耀，卖弄
10．be aware ________ 知道，意识到
11．have a tendency ________… 有……倾向
12．give thought ________ 认真考虑，思考
【答案】1.of 2.out 3.of 4.to 5.in 6.to 7.for 8.to
9．off 10.of 11.to 12.to
[语境活用]
1．If we are ________ the minority, we are pressured into joining the majority.
2．We welcome good employees, regardless __________ their age or sex.
3．Hundreds of people gave their lives ________ defence of freedom.
4．Ten years ago，I never，for one minute gave thought ________ what I would do to earn my living.
5．Our government has promised to improve our water quality，so it won't be long before the residents can have access ________ clean water.
6．The interests he is most likely to enjoy will be those which enable him to show ________ himself or his talents.
7．Not only did he point ________ my shortcomings, but also helped me to overcome them.
8．He has been aware ________ his mistakes and wants to correct them without delay.
【答案】1.in 2.of 3.in 4.to 5.to 6.off 7.out 8.of
1. [原句] Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive.
[点拨] 句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
[仿写] 不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。
Whenever you are invited to do something, response is expected, ________________________.
2. [原句] However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
[点拨] both of whom引导非限制性定语从句。
[仿写] 她的两个兄弟都在苏格兰工作，他们每周都给她打电话。
Her brothers，______________ work in Scotland, ring her up every week.
3．[原句] We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show—as long as a film's quality meets our standards，we include it.
[点拨] as long as引导条件状语从句
[仿写] 只要你提前简要地了解唐朝历史，你会发现学习唐诗很容易。
You will find it easy to learn Tang poems ______________ you understand the history of Tang Dynasty briefly ahead of time.
【答案】1.whether you can go or not 2.both of whom 3.as long as
第一板块 核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露；露出，袒露
(1)expose…to… 把……暴露在……，使……接触……
expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事
(2)exposed adj. (指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的
be exposed to 接触……；暴露于……中
(3)exposure n. 暴露
①A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger.
明智的母亲决不会让她的孩子置身于一丁点儿危险之中。
②The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire.
EP没有暴露可能引起火灾的加热部件。
③There is convincing evidence of a link between ________ to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
【答案】③exposure
[温馨提示] expose…to和be exposed to中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词、或动名词作宾语。
(2018·高考江苏卷，阅读理解D)She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school illequipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
[分析] 本句是复合句，句中said后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，pressure后跟省略了关系代词that的定语从句。
[翻译] 她说社交媒体公司让孩子们面临重大的情感风险，一些青少年在中学时没有能力应对他们在网上面临的巨大压力。
2．overlook vt.忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视
[一词多义]
写出下列句中overlook的含义。
①It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood.________
②I stood by my window overlooking the parking lot，having nothing better to do.________
③He has overlooked the fact that the back door was not locked.________
【答案】①忽略 ②俯视 ③忽略；未注意到
[巧学助记]
The window of the study overlooks the flowers in the corner of the garden，which are often overlooked.
从书房的窗户能俯瞰到花园角落里的那些花，它们经常被忽视。
3．preference n．[U]偏爱，偏好；喜爱[C]更喜欢的人(或物)
(1)have a preference for 更喜欢……
give (a) preference to 给……以优惠；优待
develop a preference for 养成对……的偏爱
in preference to 优先于；而不是
(2)prefer (vt.&vi.) 较喜欢，喜欢……多于……
prefer doing/to do sth. 更愿意做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth.
更喜欢做某事(前者)而不愿做某事(后者)
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做……而不做……
①Those regular customers will have a preference for getting the gifts.
那些老客户们会更喜欢得到礼物。
②The Pentagon will give preference ________ companies which do business electronically.
美国国防部将会优先考虑那些能够进行电子商务的公司。
③When it comes to fruit, I would usually choose apples in preference to pears.
谈到水果，我通常愿意选择苹果，其次才是梨。
④I became a teacher because I preferred books and people ________ politics.
我成为了一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和人而不是政治。
【答案】②to ④to
4．contradict vt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反
(1)contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(2)contradiction n. 矛盾，对立；反驳
in contradiction with/to 与……矛盾/不一致
(3)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的，不一致的
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
①The speaker had got confused，and started contradicting himself.
演讲者弄糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾起来。
②Some astronauts feel sick on the space station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.
有些宇航员在空间站起初的几天感到恶心是因为他们的大脑接收到了相互矛盾的信息。
③Your reply today is ______________________what you said last week.
你今天的答复跟你上星期说的恰好相反。
【答案】③in direct contradiction to/with
5．disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴
(1)disappointed adj. 感到失望的
be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而失望
be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed with sb. 对某人感到失望
(2)disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(3)disappointment n. 失望
(much)to one's disappointment/to one's(great)disappointment 使某人(大为)失望的是
①These jobs didn't pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.
这些工作报酬不高，而且人们感到孤独，对城市的新生活感到失望。
②There's no reason to be ________.As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing.
没什么理由要失望，实际上这非常好玩。
③When Joe was about to start school, all signs pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite disappointing.
在乔上学之前，所有的迹象都表明他会成功，然而事情最后竟是令人十分失望。
【答案】②disappointed
(2018·高考天津卷，完形填空)Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.
[分析] 本句是复合句，句中的分词短语Being the coach…作状语，because引导原因状语从句，knew后跟省略了连词that的宾语从句，we were defeated是省略关系代词that的定语从句。
[翻译] 作为新队的教练，我很兴奋，因为我知道我们会赢，但令我失望的是我们被击败了。
6．in defence of为……辩护；保卫
(1)in one's defence ＝ in defence of sb.
为某人辩护
(2)defend vt. 保卫；防守
defend…from/against 保护……使不受……，
为……辩护
defend oneself 自卫
①More and more women today have learned to rise ________ their legal rights.
现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。
②We should be ready at all times to defend our own country from/against invasion.
我们必须随时准备防止我们的国家受到外来侵略。
③The dam was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.
修建这座堤坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲垮。
【答案】①in defence of
7．give thought to认真考虑，思考
at first thought 乍一想
at the thought of 一想到……(就)
on second thought(s) 经仔细考虑后
without a second thought 立即，马上；不假思索
be deep/lost in thought 陷入沉思
read sb.'s thoughts 看出某人的心思
①They need to give serious thought to how they can best adjust to such changes.
他们需要认真思考他们如何能最好的适应这些变化。
②At first thought, the plan was quite practical.
乍一想，这一计划还相当实用。
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．From his ________ voice on the phone I know what his son did disappointed him；in other words，his son is ________.(disappoint)
2．The Great Salt Lake is a great tourist ________(attract)，and draws a large number of visitors each year.
3．Children are taught to respect everyone，regardless ________ race，sex or age.
4．Mr. Green didn't think the little boy was to blame, so he stood up in ________ (defend) of him.
5．She did ________ (contradiction) herself. She said she would never marry young, but she did.
6．John went through the test paper once more carefully for fear that he would ________(overlook) any essential details.
7．One reason for her ________(prefer) for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
8．When I came to the strange city，I began to give thought ________ what I would do to earn my living.
9．Studies show that students often ________(expose) to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.
10．She resembles her twin sister ________ appearance but not ________ character.
【答案】1.disappointed；disappointing 2.attraction 3.of
4．defence 5.contradict 6.overlook 7.preference 8.to
9．exposed 10.in；in
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I saw him sitting on the bench of the park，losing in deep thought.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Give thinking to how much you have，if you have a roof over your head，food to eat and are healthy.
_____________________________________________________________
3．Be exposed to sunshine too much will do harm to one's skin.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Our results in this market have been rather disappointed compared with last year.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The town and its environs are inviting, with recreational attraction and art museums.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.losing→lost 2.thinking→thought 3.Be→Being
4．disappointed→disappointing 5.attraction→attractions
第二板块 经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not，everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive.
不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。
句中whether…or…为固定句型，意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，它还可以引导名词性从句。
①Whether he will stay or not, I really don't care.
他要留下来还是要走，我真的不在意。
②There's always competition，____________________.
不论你是否意识到，竞争永远存在。
③Whether the secretary will be fired or not is at the mercy of her boss.
这个秘书是否被解雇完全取决于她的老板。
【答案】②whether you realize it or not
(2018·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ，七选五)Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.
[分析] 句中whether…or…引导让步状语从句。
[翻译] 不管你看的是墙纸还是油漆，花在上面的时间、精力和相关费用都是很重要的。
2．However，he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both_of_whom were murdered by an evil wizard—the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的——也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。
both of whom属于“代词(或数词)＋of＋关系代词(whom/which)”结构。该结构的用法如下：
(1)常见形式：both/all/neither/none/some/several/a few/many/more/the largest…of which/whom
(2)关系代词：指人时用whom，指物时用which
①I have two children，both of whom are studying at university now.
我有两个孩子，现在都在上大学。
②On the desk are two English books，both of which are about the history of Egypt.
书桌上有两本英文书，都是有关埃及历史的。
③It also causes bad side effects，________________ can be deadly.
它也引发严重的副作用，其中一些是可以致命的。
【答案】③some of which
(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ，书面表达)你知道我们中国有很多传统的艺术形式，其中剪纸是最受欢迎的之一。
[翻译] You know we Chinese have a lot of traditional art forms, of which papercutting is one of the most popular.
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．她甚至连她女儿是死是活都不知道。
She doesn't even know ________________________________.
2．她擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有这三门语言她都说得很流利。
She was good at German，French and Russian，________________________.
3．不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。
You'll have to attend the ceremony ____________________.
4．有500人参加了这次会议，他们大多数是科学家。
There were 500 people attending the conference，______________ were scientists.
【答案】1.whether her daughter is dead or alive 2.all of which she spoke fluently 3.whether you're free or busy 4．most of whom
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。
1．一部好电影的标准是什么？(criterion)
2．首先要有好的编剧写出好的剧本。(script, screenwriter)
3．有顶级的导演和演员。(topranking)
4．这样拍出来的电影才不会让观众失望。(shoot, disappoint)
5．在电影院一边吃着爆米花，一边欣赏着电影。(attraction)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
What is the criterion of a good film? A good script written by a good screenwriter is a must.There should be topranking director and actors.When a film is shot in this way, it won't disappoint the audience.Then at the cinema people are enjoying the attraction of the film while eating the popcorn.
[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·湖北八市联考)It looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a recordbreaking year in movie history.Here is a list of some of the year's biggest blockbusters so far.
Kong: Skull Island
A reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modern version of the story will be worth watching.With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year's biggest monster tale.
Release Date: 3/10/17
Beauty and the Beast
Director Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love.With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading the cast,_the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it'll be a delight for both children and adults.
Release Date: 3/17/17
The Fate of the Furious
There was doubt that we'd even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker's character was given at the end of Furious 7.Fans thought they'd never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.The actor's character, Dom, turns to the dark side, funded by new enemy Cipher, played by South African actress Charlize Theron.Can the rest of Dom's family join together to bring their old leader down? Find out in April.
Release Date: 4/14/17
SpiderMan: Homecoming
Spider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time.The movie will show us Peter Parker's high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War.We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.But it's Tom Holland's show as SpiderMan, so let's see what he has in store.
Release Date: 7/7/17
1．Which of the following movies can't you see on May Day?
A．Kong: Skull Island.
B．Beauty and the Beast.
C．The Fate of the Furious.
D．SpiderMan: Homecoming.
2．What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?
A．It is fueling up for another go.
B．It is produced by Marvel Studios.
C．It'll show us Peter Parker's school days.
D．It'll be enjoyable for both children and adults.
3．What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?
A．Characters. B．Actors.
C．Directors. D．Teachers.
【答案与解析】
1．D 细节理解题。根据四部影片的开映时间可知，最后一部影片《蜘蛛侠》在7月7日上映，所以五一节假日期间是看不到该影片的。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第二部影片《美女与野兽》最后一句话中“it'll be a delight for both children and adults”可知，小孩和成年人都喜欢看这部电影。
3．B 词义猜测题。通过上下文可知，此句意为“在两位主演的带领下，这部大片小孩、成人都喜欢”，主演带领的对象毫无疑问是其他的演员，此处cast是名词，意为“(戏剧、电影等的)一组演员”。
B
If you're making the film with other people，organize your cast and crew effectively.Make sure everybody knows their role and what day and times they're needed.
Give people specific jobs, so they can become experts in their field.For example，a sound recordist listens to the sound through headphones as it's being recorded，and holds an extra microphone if needed.
A camera operator frames the picture (取景)，sets focus，checks the light and records the action.The editor “cuts” the picture together after it's shot(拍摄)．
A producer is the contact point for the film.He or she makes sure the crew and cast are there on time，talks to the press and organizes the budget.
A director has to make sure their vision is communicated.To do this everyone needs to be clear about what the director expects from each scene and each shot.
You may also need a makeupartist，a choreographer，a driver etc. However，you can quite easily make your first film on your own.Make a schedule that says which shots are to be taken where and when (this is called a shooting schedule) and when you've completed a take，cross it off the list.Remember that you may want to shoot “out of order”， e．g. shoot the last scene first, and the first last.Similarly if the film begins and ends by a tree in the park，it may make sense to film both scenes while you're there.
Continuity is particularly important in drama.Take a Polaroid camera and take photos to record details.You may need to come back to a scene days later.When you decide your locations，consider whether you need permission to use the space，how noisy it will be and what the light will be like at the time of day you will need to use it.Is there power available？Are you likely to be interrupted?
If you're making animation (动画片)，have a space that you can control.You may need extra lights and you may need to leave work in progress.Make sure people living with you are aware what's happening.Animation needs a lot of undisturbed concentration and patience.Keep at it and it'll pay off.Aardmann and Disney both started off at home experimenting with clay，pens and a camera.
4．From the first two paragraphs we can learn that ________.
A．every crew member is an expert in his field
B．careful preparations and arrangements are quite
necessary
C．both the cast and crew must arrive at the same time every day
D．every person should have his equipment while working together
5．A director knows the purpose of each step of the work，but ________.
A．he needn't tell others about that
B．other members just follow his orders
C．he must have it known and well understood by others
D．others may have their own ideas and special ways of working
6．To shoot a film, a shooting schedule must be fixed first ________.
A．but it may be crossed off if unnecessary
B．but you needn't work exactly on it
C．and each step must be carried out according to it
D．and no one can change it once it is settled
7．It can be inferred from the nexttolast paragraph that ________.
A．you need ask others' advice when deciding locations
B．it is easy to find a proper location to shoot a film
C．once you find a good place to film you must check it later
D．unexpected things may happen while you are shooting in a place
【答案与解析】
4．B 细节理解题。前两段主要讲述拍摄电影的前期准备工作和安排，演员和工作人员需要各负其责，分工协作。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，导演要清楚拍摄的每个步骤，而且要让每个工作人员都了解其目的和所要达到的效果。
6．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，拍摄时间表要事先制定，但随着场景的需要在顺序上可灵活调整。
7．D 推理判断题。拍外景要考虑别人是否允许使用，要考虑外景地的环境，包括噪音、光线，电力供应等，由此推测拍摄时，有可能会发生意想不到的事情。
C
Journey to Mecca: In the Footsteps of Ibn Battuta
Ibn Battuta is considered one of the world's greatest travellers.During the 14th century, he travelled about 75, 000 miles in search of knowledge and for the love of travel.To share the learning and research so highly valued by Islamic (伊斯兰教的) culture, the ruler of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, wanted Ibn Battuta's worldwide travels recorded and published when he returned home to Morocco after almost 30 years.Ibn Juzayy, a Moroccan Court Secretary, was appointed to write down Ibn Battuta's experiences.His travel journal, The Rihla, documents this extraordinary achievement.It gives us a firsthand account of life in the 14thcentury Muslim world.The original book, handwritten in Arabic, can be viewed today at the National Library in Paris.
The early 14th century was a favorable age for a Muslim traveller.It was nearing the end of the Golden Age of Islam, one of the great explosions of scientific and cultural achievements in world history.Caravans and sea lanes created transportation and communication networks that spread across continents, including Europe, Africa and Asia.Towns and cities were regularly visited by merchants, traders, doctors, artists, craftsmen, scholars and pilgrims (朝圣者) carrying goods and ideas.All of these promoted the exchange of goods and ideas on a scale not seen previously in world history.As an educated man with professional legal skills, Ibn Battuta enjoyed kindness, companionship and offers of employment throughout the Islamic world.
Journey to Mecca describes the 5, 000mile journey Ibn Battuta made in 1325 and 1326 from his hometown Tangier, Morocco, to reach Mecca, in what is now the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to make the pilgrimage.During this dangerous and awesome 18month pilgrimage, he met many hindrances as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.Joining the legendary Damascus Caravan with thousands of pilgrims leaving for Mecca, he completed the final section of what would be his first of six journeys to Mecca.
The goal of the film, Journey to Mecca, was to tell the remarkable story of Ibn Battuta and to promote a better understanding of Islam in the West, said the producers.
8．We can conclude that Abu Inan Faris probably thought Ibn Battuta's travel experiences ________.
A．precious B．questionable
C．mysterious D．ridiculous
9．What can we learn about Ibn Battuta from the text?
A．He wrote the travel journal, The Rihla, by himself.
B．He travelled all the way with the legendary Damascus Caravan during his first journey.
C．He was a very successful businessman.
D．He had to overcome varieties of difficulties while traveling.
10．The underlined word “hindrances” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”．
A．tricks B．friends
C．barriers D．opportunities
11．In which section of a newspaper can we possibly find this passage?
A．History. B．Travel.
C．Economy. D．Entertainment.
【答案与解析】
8．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“the ruler of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, wanted Ibn Battuta's worldwide travels recorded and published when he returned home to Morocco after almost 30 years.”可知，摩洛哥的统治者认为伊本·巴图塔的世界环游经历是珍贵的，值得记录和出版。
9．D 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣为期十八个月的行程中遭遇并克服了很多艰险，如受到抢劫者攻击，饱受饥渴，以及由于红海沿线的战争被迫返回原路线等等。
10．C 词义猜测题。根据下文中“as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.”可以判断出，伊本·巴图塔前往麦加朝圣途中经历了很多艰险，遇到了很多困难障碍。
11．D 推理判断题。本文简要介绍了伟大的旅行家伊本·巴图塔的环球之旅以及根据他的旅行经历拍摄的电影《麦加之旅》，所以我们能在报纸的娱乐版面发现该文章。
D
(2018黄冈中学高5月适应性考试)They hide in trees, hang from helicopters, even follow people down on motorcycles—all so that they can photograph a celebrity.They are paparazziphotographers who make a living by taking pictures of the rich and famous.
This September, California, a state with plenty of celebrities, passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi.The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures, from using hightech devices to take pictures of people on private property, and from “persistently following in order to take a picture”. Violators can be fined or spend time in prison.The US Congress is considering passing a similar law.
Supporters of the California law say it will protect the privacy of celebrities, whom paparazzi have been bothering for years.Opponents (反对者) say the law restricts photojournalists from doing their job.
Most celebrities seem to like having their pictures taken when they are in public at award shows or other events.After all, it's free publicity.But when they're not in public, they say, photographers should leave them alone.Yet paparazzi have been known to secretly look in windows and worse.Actor Michael J．Fox said that paparazzi have even “tried to pretend to be medical personnel at the hospital where my wife was giving birth to our son”．
Celebrities have as much right to their privacy as anyone else, supporters of the law state.Supporters further argue that the California law is a fair way to keep the press at bay, because the law still allows photographers to do their job.It only punishes them, supporters say, when they violate celebrities' privacy.
Opponents of the law say it violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution (美国宪法第一修正案), which guarantees that no laws will be made to limit “the freedom of speech, or of the press”. Although some people might not consider paparazzi a part of the legal press, the California law does not single out paparazzi.It applies to photographers working for any publication.
Opponents of the law are also concerned about its wording.“Does ‘persistently’ mean following someone for six minutes, six seconds, or six days？” asked lawyer Douglas Mirell.The wording of the law is too vague, critics complain, and could be used to punish almost any news photographer.
The United States needs a free press to keep the public informed about important news, paparazzi law opponents say.Limiting the press in any way, they argue, limits the freedom of all.
12．Which of the following will be considered illegal by the new California law?
A．Paparazzi slipping into the house of a famous person to take a shot.
B．Paparazzi taking photos of famous people with hightech cameras.
C．Paparazzi hiring helicopters as a fast means of transportation.
D．Paparazzi rushing towards filming sites on motorcycles.
13．Supporters of the new law believe that ________.
A．it prevents the media from getting worse
B．it gives photographers a fair way to compete
C．punishment forces paparazzi to quit their job
D．privacy of famous people needs special protection
14．Opponents of the new law are concerned that ________.
A．it will violate paparazzi's privacy
B．the First Amendment will be changed
C．some photographers will be wrongly accused
D．people will not be informed of important news
15．What is the author's attitude towards the new California law?
A．Critical. B．Neutral.
C．Approving. D．Skeptical.
【答案与解析】
12．A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知根据加尼佛尼亚新的法律，狗仔队溜进名人家里拍照是违法的，故选A。
13．A 细节理解题。由第五段第二句可知这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，选A。
14．C 推理判断题。由倒数第二段第二句可知反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨“它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者”选C。
15．B 推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了许多国家为了保护名人的隐私，相继出台了一些法律，限制狗仔队的偷拍行为。这项法律的支持者认为它阻止了媒体变得更糟糕，而反对者认为这项法律太模糊，评论者抱怨“它可能被用来惩罚几乎任何一个新闻摄影者”。作者只是客观的描述，所以作者对加尼佛尼亚新的法律持中立态度，选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment.Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents.They also reduce the effect of a crash on the body. 1 Worldwide，the devices have protected up to a million people.
America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849.The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his invention of a safety device. 2 This early version of safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object.
Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt. 3 It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer，Nils Bohlin.His threepoint，lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago.
Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place.His invention contained a cloth strap(带子) that was placed across the chest and another strap across his hips. 4
Volvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars.This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin's design to other carmakers.
5 He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995.He died in Sweden in 2002.
A．The Swedish engineer won many honors for his seat belt.
B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life.
C．The design joined the straps next to the hip.
D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin's invention of the seat belt.
E．Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year in America alone.
F．But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed.
G．Claghorn called his invention a safety belt.
【答案】1～5 EGFCA
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2018·保定高三上期末调研)Four years ago in church, I saw a child of my age.His __1__ was pinned on the bullet in board, his dirty clothes barely covering his small，__2__ body.He should not have had a __3__ on his face but there he had, showing off his white teeth.I walked past his picture every day __4__ him less and less.His pictures are also sent to us not to show what the child looks like but to __5__ us that we are sponsoring him.We need to reflect because we are so __6__ in our own misfortunes that we __7__ that there are people worse off than us.Our desires are insatiable (无法满足的) and we take for granted every __8__ that we are blessed with.
I looked at the child's picture today for the first time in a __9__ time. His letter came every few months and I __10__ them over never taking the time to __11__ back.I was just too busy spending money going to the movies with my friends.We can't just help others __12__ and they need our time and hands to help create a better world for everyone.
We are presented with __13__ opportunities such as work and education.What we don't realize is that the people without these __14__ would pay every last cent to get the opportunities that __15__ themselves to us every day.When they are __16__ to us, we shouldn't push them aside.
I honestly __17__ if everyone had a chance to experience these, this world would open up a little more and provide more __18__ and assistance to those who __19__ it most.Anything can help those homeless in our own city but __20__ with me.
1．A.prize B．picture
C．name D．letter
2．A.black B．lovely
C．main D．weak
3．A.change B．pain
C．smile D．sign
4．A.noticing B．greeting
C．seeing D．touching
5．A.inform B．remind
C．teach D．warn
6．A.absorbed B．interested
C．expert D．lost
7．A.believe B．fear
C．forget D．doubt
8．A.opportunity B．possibility
C．relation D．person
9．A.short B．long
C．limited D．hard
10．A.glanced B．thought
C．turned D．looked
11．A.go B．call
C．write D．pay
12．A.physically B．financially
C．mentally D．casually
13．A.real B．special
C．rare D．many
14．A.ways B．plans
C．choices D．experiences
15．A.present B．describe
C．introduce D．prove
16．A.close B．similar
C．available D．hopeful
17．A.hope B．believe
C．doubt D．say
18．A.attention B．freedom
C．energy D．power
19．A.care B．enjoy
C．dislike D．need
20．A.agrees B．starts
C．fights D．talks
【答案与解析】
1．B 根据下文的“I walked past his picture every day”可知，此处句意为“四年前在教堂，我看到一个和我同龄的孩子。他的照片被钉在布告板上。”
2．D 句意：他的脏衣服几乎不能遮盖住他那弱小的身体。根据句意可知孩子的身体是弱小的。
3．C 根据下句“but there he had, showing off his white teeth”可知，只有微笑才有可能露出牙齿。
4．A 句意：我每天从他的照片旁走过，越来越少地注意他。根据常识可知，人对所熟悉的东西会不太注意的。
5．B 句意：给我们看他的照片，不是为了展示孩子的长相，而是提醒我们要赞助他。inform“通知”；remind“提醒”；teach“教导，训练”；warn“警告”。
6．D 句意：我们需要反思，因为我们沉浸在自己的不幸中，而忘记了有些人比我们更糟糕。be absorbed in“专心致力于，全神贯注于”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be expert in“精通……，是……方面的专家”；be lost in“迷失在……，沉浸在……”。
7．C 句意：我们只沉浸在自己的不幸中，才会忘记别人。
8．A 根据上一句“Our desires are insatiable (无法满足的)”，可推测出我们认为我们享有的一切机会都是理所当然的。
9．B 根据上文“I walked past his picture every day noticing him less and less”可以推测出作者是第一次长时间看他的照片。
10．A 句意：他的信每隔几个月就来一次，我匆匆看一下，从不回信。glanced over“匆匆看一下”； thought over“仔细考虑”；turned over“移交，翻过来”；looked over“察看，仔细检查”。
11．C 根据上文的来信，看信，以及后面的“I was just too busy spending money going to movies with my friend.”可知，作者忙着与朋友们去看电影，从没有花时间写回信。
12．B 句意：我们不能只在经济上帮助别人，他们需要我们花时间用双手来帮助每个人创造一个更美好的世界。
13．D 句意：我们有许多机会，如工作和教育。根据后面的“such as work and education”。可知机会有很多，用“many”。
14．C 句意：我们有许多机会，如工作和教育机会等。我们没有意识到的是，没有这些选择的人们每天都会花掉每一分钱，以获得每天向我们展示自己的机会。
15．A present sb with sth，为固定搭配，“提供某人某物” 。
16．C 句意：当他们出现在我们面前时，我们不应该把他们推到一边。available “可得到的，可利用的”。
17．B 句意：我真诚地相信，如果每个人都有机会体验到这些，这个世界将会更开放，并给予那些最需要的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。
18．A 句意：根据上文的“We can't just help others __12__ and they need our time and hands to help create a better world for everyone.”可知，帮助别人不仅仅从经济上，而是要关心、关怀他们。
19．D 句意：为那些最需要它的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。
20．B 句意：任何东西都可以帮助我们城市里的无家可归者，但是要从我做起。
Ⅱ.语法填空
A couple had been married for over 60 years.They shared everything，talked about everything and kept no 1.________(secret) from each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 2.________she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.
He'd never thought about it ever since.One day 3.________woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldn't recover.To sort out their affairs，the husband took down the box and 4.________(bring) it to his wife's bedside.She agreed it 5.________(be)time that he should know what was in the box.
6．________(open) it，he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling$25,000.He asked her about the contents.“When we were to be married，” she said，“my grandma told me the secret of happy marriage was never 7.________(argue)，and I should just keep quiet and make a mat when I got angry with you.”
The man was so 8.________(move) that he had to fight back tears.She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving！“Honey，”he said，“that explains the mats，but what about the money？Where 9.________(do) it come from? ”
“Oh，” she said，“that's the money I made from selling 10.________.”
【答案】1.secrets 2.that/which 3.the 4.brought
5．was 6.Opening 7.to argue 8.moved 9.did
10．them
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
When it came to city and country life，I think they all have their own advantages and disadvantages.
For city life，you know，the traffic is too convenient that you can arrange your life flexible and easily.At the same time，there are many great opportunity for you when looking for jobs.Also，there is no doubt the quality of life is fantastic.Fortunately，living in cities，you will suffer much stress and heavy air pollution.
For country life，as we all know it，the life is peaceful and the environment is beautiful，which is both good for your health.However，it is inconvenient for people to go out.Beside，the communication is easy.
【答案】
When it to city and country life，I think they have their own advantages and disadvantages.
For city life，you know，the traffic is convenient that you can arrange your life and easily.At the same time，there are many great for you when looking for jobs.Also，there is no doubt the quality of life is fantastic.，living in cities，you will suffer much stress and heavy air pollution.
For country life，as we all know ，the life is peaceful and the environment is beautiful，which both good for your health.However，it is inconvenient for people to go out. ，the communication isn't easy.
Ⅱ.书面表达
假如你是李华，你校英语报开设了一个介绍经典英文电影的专栏，根据所给的提示用英语为该栏目写一篇《幸福来敲门》(The Pursuit of Happiness)
导演
Gabriele Muccino
主演
Will Smith
剧情介绍
由于金融危机(financial crisis)，主人公Chris失业了，更糟糕的是他的妻子也离家出走了。但他坚强乐观地面对困难，独自一人抚养六岁的儿子，最后过上了幸福的生活。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Last Sunday in our English club I saw the film The Pursuit of Happiness, whose director is Gabriele Muccino.
Chris, the hero played by Will Smith, lost his job because of financial crisis.Worse still, his wife left him, leaving their sixyearold son behind.However, facing a variety of difficulties, he was so optimistic and determined that he managed to pull through them and they finally lived a happy life.
This is really a moving and inspiring film which shows us that everyone can get happiness as long as he has a positive attitude to life.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．At the exhibition yesterday，the TV maker showed ______one of its low energy TV screens.
2．Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing ________the ocean's edge.
3．Many elderly people expressed a strong ________(prefer) to live in their own homes.
4．Many young people，most of ________were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
5．A ________(finance) crisis，just as we have seen，could not be solved by America or Europe alone.
6．All evening her husband was against everything she said，and then they quarreled with each other ________(fierce)．
7．________he will stay or not, I really don't care.
8．The fine is 200 yuan, or a warning, for those who ______(deliberate) damage cultural relics under the protection of the country.
【答案】1.off 2.at 3.preference 4.whom 5.financial 6.fiercely 7.Whether 8.deliberately
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They is little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate.Nevertheless，it is important that we try.
_____________________________________________________________
2．He does go to the airport yesterday, but he didn't find you.
_____________________________________________________________
3．It was from him, our English teacher, whom we learned this English song.
_____________________________________________________________
4．People spend a lot of time pointed out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if we'd publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The more one is exposing to the Englishspeaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.They →There 2.does → did 3.whom → that
4．pointed → pointing 5.exposing → exposed
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