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2020届高考英语模拟黄金卷（全国卷）（五）（Word版）
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2020届高考英语模拟黄金卷（全国卷）（五）
1、 A visit to a zoo can be an amazing experience for people of all ages. If you want to get close to wildlife, why not visit one of the following zoos in the UK?
Longleat Safari(野外观兽旅行) & Adventure Park
Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park is the UK’s oldest safari park. Opened in 1966, it was the first safari park opened outside Africa. It was just, a 100-acre lion reserve in the beginning, but it has grown fast over the years. Now you can see parrots and other creatures here, although lions are still popular with many people.
Open from mid-February to early November, a day ticket costs £26 for adults. Admission(门票) for 3 to 14-year-olds is £ 18. 50 and £21 for the over-60s.
Located just off the A36 between Bath and Salisbury, it can be reached by taking the A362.
Bristol Zoo Gardens
Bristol Zoo Gardens is one of the UK’s oldest zoos. It has celebrated its 180th anniversary(周年) in 2016. Here, you’ll find over 400 different species of creatures. It also has nine animal houses, so even if the weather isn’t at its best, there are still lots of amazing creatures to look at, including the endangered red panda. Perhaps one of the most popular places is Bug World, where you can see all kinds of scary insects.
Admission for adults is £14 and £8. 50 for 3 to 14-year-olds.
Located in the Clifton region of Bristol, you can reach the zoo by taking either the No. 8 or 9 bus. Clifton Down train station is also close by, and if you are taking public transport, you can buy a discounted entry ticket to the zoo.
1.What do we know about Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park?
A.It’s the first safari park in the UK.
B.It covers an area of 100 acres in total.
C.It has a longer history than Bristol Zoo.
D.It’s famous mostly for its parrots and lions.
2.How much should a 61-year-old couple with their 4-year-old grandson pay to visit the first zoo?
A.￡42. B.￡52. C.￡60.5. D.￡70.5.
3.Bristol Zoo was opened probably in ________.
A.1826 B.1766 C.1936 D.1836
2、According to a new study, teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.
University College London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to make choices based on the available information. They tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.
Each symbol was consistently associated with a fixed chance of a reward, punishment, or no outcome. As the trial progressed, participants learned which symbols were likely to lead to each outcome and adjusted their choices accordingly. Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with reward, but teens were less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment. Adults also performed significantly better when they were told what would have happened if they had chosen the other symbol after each choice, while teens did not appear to take this information into account.
“From this experimental lab study we can draw conclusions about learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways, something that might be relevant to education," said lead author Dr. Stefano Palminteri. “Unlike adults, teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment. This suggests that incentive systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this age group. Additionally, we found that teens did not learn from being shown what would have happened if they made alternative choices."
To interpret the results, the researchers developed computational models of learning and ran simulations (模拟)applying them to the results of the study. The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking. For example, obtaining no outcome rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no outcome.
Comparing the experimental data to the models, the team found that teens" behavior followed the simple reward-based model while adults" behavior matched the complete, contextual model. “Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value,” said senior author Dr. Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. “As a result, it may be useful for parents and teachers to frame things in more positive terms.”
1.It can be learned from the study that______.
A.adults made choices faster than teens B.adults understood rewards better than teens
C.teens reacted better to reward than punishment D.teens were aware of the outcome of each choice
2.What do we know about the three computational models?
A.They reflected people’s strong desire for punishment avoidance.
B.They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.
C.They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.
D.They shaped the behavior of people at different ages.
3.The underlined word “receptive" in the last paragraph probably means______.
A.accustomed B.opposed C.sympathetic D.responsive
4.According to the writer, which of the following statements works best for teens?
A.“If you insist on doing things in this way, you will lose ten points. "
B.“If we had talked about this earlier, you wouldn’t have made the mistake. "
C.“If you hand in your assignment ahead of time, you will get an extra bonus."
D.“If you want to approach a problem differently, you can talk to your parents. "
3、Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on snorkeling ( 潜水), netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnamare using the eDNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden treefrogs. In Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian(两栖动物)diseases.
Ms. Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mudsnail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
1.Compared to traditional survey techniques, eDNA is more______.
A.complex B.eco-friendly C.dangerous D.convincing
2.By using eDNA, Caren Goldberg has______.
A.succeeded in catching many fishes
B.found the existence of golden treefrogs
C.documented the spread of softshell turtles
D.confirmed the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph ?
A.Robots will replace scientists soon.
B.Some scientists are against using eDNA.
C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.
D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species Surveys
B.Biologists Explore Space with the Help of Edna
C.Scientists Find Methods to Test for Signs of Life
D.New Technologies Are Presented in Science Fictions
4、Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
1.Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A.the young are better at handling important things
B.people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
C.aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D.wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
2.The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A.perceptual speed B.number ability C.vocabulary tests D.body balance
3.People are happier with aging because ______.
A.they learn to value the time left B.they know how to share feelings
C.they cannot focus on negative aspects D.they do not realize the possible dangers
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.People get happier with age. B.People get wiser with age.
C.People get more forgetful with age. D.People get more self-aware with age.
5、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are numerous benefits of reading good books.①______ Whatever your field might be, it's very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. Here are tips to help you cultivate a better and consistent reading habit:
●Determine your reading goal.②______ This goal should be clear and backed up with a purpose. Start by thinking about how a consistent reading pattern can help you grow indifferent areas of your life-spirit, academics, career, relationships and more.
●③____ Once you' re done setting your reading goal for the year, you'll need a list to back it up. Write out a list of the amazing books you want to read. Ask for recommendations from friends and instructors. It’s important to keep a journal listing the books you'll like to read for each month.
●Get a responsible reading partner to promote your reading. Goals need to be backed up in order to help put a check and encourage you during times you don't feel motivated.④_______
To develop a reading culture, you must first analyze your current reading habits. Do you read at all?⑤___ In order to truly achieve your reading goals and build a consistent reading habit, you'll need to set up simple systems， find responsible partners， and generally be hungry to grow beyond your comfort zone.
A. Do you study hard at school?
B. Make a list of books for each month.
C. Do you start off and stop at some point?
D. Get up early and go to bed late to back up your goal.
E. It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.
F. Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.
G. It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.
6、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 1 at my face, but I pushed them 2 . My mom believed I would learn 3 I was ready. But the 4 never came.
On a Chinese New Year’s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was 5 at him, confused, scratching my head. "Still can't speak Chinese?" He 6 me, "You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown."
"Hey, this is America, not China. I'll get some 7 without Chinese." I replied and turned to my mom for 8 .
"Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu," she said, handing over a $20 bill. I 9 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.
I found the fish 10 surrounded in a sea of customers. "I'd like to buy some fresh fish," I shouted to the fishman. But he 11 my English words and turned to serve the next customer.The laugh of the people behind increased 12 their impatience. With every 13 ,the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger-my blood boiling— 14 me to cry out." Xian Sheng Yu, please, Very Xian Sheng, “I repeated. The crowd erupted into laughter. My face turned 15 and I ran back home 16 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand.
Should I laugh or cry? They're Chinese. I’m Chinese. I should feel right at 17 . Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 18 ,but, in the end, the joke is on 19 .Every laugh is a culture 20 ;every laugh is my heritage(传统)fading away.
1.A.customs B.games C.characters D.languages
2.A.ahead B.around C.along D.aside
3.A.when B.before C.unless D.until
4.A.success B.study C.time D.attempt
5.A.aiming B.joking C.noding D.staring
6.A.cared about B.laughed at C.argued with D.asked after
7.A.right now B.from now C.at times D.in time
8.A.decision B.permission C.information D.preparation
9.A.repeated B.reviewed C.spelled D.kept
10.A.farm B.stand C.pond D.market
11.A.guessed B.forgot C.doubted D.ignored
12.A.by B.as C.with D.from
13.A.second B.effort C.desire D.movement
14.A.forcing B.allowing C.persuading D.leading
15.A.bright B.blank C.pale D.red
16.A.open-mouthed B.tongue-tied C.empty-handed D.broken-hearted
17.A.service B.home C.risk D.root
18.A.trade B.deed C.challenge D.incident
19.A.it B.us C.me D.them
20.A.thrown B.lost C.divided D.reflected
7、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多余三个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
What on earth does happiness mean? I can’t give you its exact definition, but I’m sure if you love and help others you’ll get it.
I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives in ①____________ small house alone. It is said that her husband and her son ②____________ (die)in a road accident years ago. Her life is bitter, but she often helps others ③____________ a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the first ④____________ (clean) the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of ⑤____________ (laugh)and love.
But I’m sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways. They talk ⑥____________ (noisy)in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others’ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time , ⑦____________ they will never get true happiness because they ⑧____________ (lose) their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is. ⑨____________ means kindness , love and unselfishness. Above all, I have come to understand that ⑩____________ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在该词下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn’t understand “real music”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we should start to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I see a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practise it every day.
9、假定你是学生会主席李华。为提高同学们的阅读兴趣,你校将于3月19日下午2:00在教学楼201室举行读书交流活动,请用英语写一则通知,号召同学们积极参加。要点如下:
1. 活动的时间、地点;
2. 活动的目的;
3. 活动的内容;
4. 号召大家积极参与。
注意:
1.词数100左右,标题和落款已给出,但不计入总词数
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
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The Students’ Union
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Longleat Safari & Adventure Park部分第一段一句 Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park is the UK’s oldest safari park.可知,这家公园是英国最古老的野生动物园,也就是说它是英国第一个野生动物园。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据Longleat Safari & Adventure Park部分第二段中的 Admission for 3 to 14-year-olds is £18. 50 and £21 for the over-60s.可知,本题中一对老年夫妻的票价是£42,四岁的孙子的票价是￡18.50,—共是£60.5。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据Bristol Zoo Gardens部分第一段第二句It has celebrated its 180th anniversary in 2016.可知,2016年,这个动物园进行了180年周年庆,那么它是在1836年开办的。故选D项。
2答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C
解析：1.推理判断题。题意:从研究中可以看出______。A、 成年人比青少年更快地做出选择。B、 成年人比青少年更了解奖励。C、 青少年对奖赏的反应比惩罚好。D、 青少年知道每个选择的结果。根据最后一段中"Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value."(我们的研究表明,青少年更容易接受奖励,而不是同等价值的惩罚)可知青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好, C项切题。故选C项。
2.推理判断题。题意:我们对这三种计算模型了解多少?A、 它们反映了人们强烈的逃避惩罚的愿望。B、 他们考虑了不同的情况。C、 他们奖惩并重。D、 他们塑造了不同年龄的人的行为。根据第五段中"The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking.”(第一个是一个简单的模型,一个是从奖励中学到的,第二个增加了一些从未被选的选择中了解的部分。第三个模型是最完整的,考虑了全部的背景,对逃避惩罚和寻求奖励给予同等的重视。)可知,这部分语境意在表示研究者给了环境不同程度的考虑。B项切题。故选B项。
3.词义推测题。最后一段加下划线的“receptive”一词可能是指。A、 习惯的B、 反对的C、 同情的D. 反应积极的。根据最后一段中"Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value" (我们的研究表明,青少年更容易接受奖励,而不是同等价值的惩罚),可知青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好。结合句子结构分析和翻译语境可知,D项切合题意。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。题意:根据作者的说法,以下哪种说法最适合青少年?A、 “如果你坚持这样做,你会失去10分。”B、 “如果我们早点说,你就不会犯这个错误了。”C、 “如果你提前交作业,你会得到额外的奖金。”D、 “如果你想以不同的方式解决问题,你可以和你的父母谈谈。”通过阅读全文可知,本文主旨介绍了一项项新研究 ,研究表明青少年们关注回报,很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。C项符合原文关于青少年们关注回报的表述。故选C项
3答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.题干意思为与传统的调查技术相比,eDNA更___。根据文章. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. 她认为与传统的调查方法相比,eDNA是一种更有效、更少破坏的方法。结合选项A项复杂的;B项环境友好型的;C项危险的;D项使人信服的,故答案为B
2.题干意思为通过使用eDNA, 卡伦戈德堡已经___。根据文章Ms. Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. 戈德堡女士已经用e-DNA技术测试证实了美国爱达荷州豹蛙的灭绝。结合选项A项他成功地钓到了许多鱼;B项发现了金树蛙的存在;C项记录了软壳海龟的扩散;D项证实了爱达荷州豹蛙的消失,故答案为D
3.题干意思为我们能从最后一段推断出什么?根据文章Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.使用这项技术的科学家们表示,他们预计机器人不会很快取代野外生物学家。但老式的野外工作可能很快就会更具针对性。可推断出老式的野外工作可能被取代,结合选项A项机器人将很快取代科学家;B项一些科学家反对使用eDNA;C项老式的野外工作可能会消失;D项许多生物学家不愿做野外工作。故答案为C
4.题干意思为文章最好的标题是什么?根据文章Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. 许多科幻小说都讲述了探险家到达一个新世界的故事。然后,探险者使用某种高科技设备来测试可呼吸的空气或生命迹象。但在地球上,通过一种叫做环境DNA(简称eDNA)的新采样技术,科幻小说正变成现实。结合选项A项科幻小说在物种调查方面变为现实;B项生物学家在eDNA的帮助下探索太空;C项科学家们找到了检测生命迹象的方法;D项新技术出现在科幻小说中,故答案为A
4答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.本题为细节题,根据题干的Barbara Strauch定位在文章第二段第二行,when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s. 文章的意思是当提到重要的事情时,我们的大脑随着年龄的增长会变得更好。实际上,她主 张很多研究已经发现我们大脑的智力水平在40 到60 岁时达到顶峰。所以选B。另外,A、 B、C在第二段均未提及,且与文中主旨不符。
2.本题是细节题。根据题干的The continuing research定位到文章第四段 第一行。第二行从It has found开始介绍这个research的结论,倒数第二行的Specifically, order people did better on tests of vocabulary说特别是,年长的人在词汇测试上做的更好,所以选C。要快速的做这类题要学会快速搜寻有效信息。比如这题,定位到第四段后,要很快找到表示调查研究结论的found 和表示特别强调的Specifically。另外,B、A在第五段第 一行提到,但说的是老人不擅长这两件事,而D文中没有提到。
3.本题是细节题,根据题干 happier 定位到文中最后一个单词。向前找关键信息会看到一个but,文中是这么说的but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are sub-consciously aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy. 意为但是当我们逐渐变老,我们已经经历了很多且下意识的 认识到我们剩下的时间已经不多了,因此快乐对我们而言变得更加重要,所以选A。另外, B 选项与最后一段第二行关键词 found 后面说的不符,文章说的是控制感情而不是分享感 情。C、D项出现在but 之前,说的是年轻人不会出现CD项的内容,不代表老年人就会出现。
4.本题是主旨题。根据文章第一段末的转折But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.对应转折前说的随着年龄的增长人会变得健忘,所以选B。A 选 项跟主旨完全相反,D没有提到。C是最大的干扰项,文末说的是快乐对年长的人很重要,并不是说人就会越来越快乐。
5答案及解析：
答案：
1. G
2. E
3. B
4. F
5. C
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。读好书有很多好处。文章介绍了一些帮助你养成更好和更持久阅读习惯的小窍门。
1 G.上文提示“读好书有很多好处。”承接上文,G项It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.(它能让你思考得更深入,提高你的技能,并教会你更多关于你所在领域的知识。)切题。故选G。
2 E.本段小标题“确定你的阅读目标。”再根据下文提示“这个目标应该是明确的,并有一个目的作为后盾。”承接标题和下文,E项 It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.(通过设定一个目标开始养成阅读习惯是很重要的。)切题。关键词“goal”,故选E。
3 B.此空是段落小标题,应该用段小精悍的祈使句,所以在B/D/F中选。再结合空格下文提示“以记日记的形式列出你每个月想读的书是很重要的。”承接下文内容,B项 Make a list of books for each month.(列出每个月的书单。)故选B。
4 F.上文提示“当你感到没有动力的时候,你的目标需要被支持,以帮助你检查和鼓励你。”承接上文,F项Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.(找一个愿意阅读的朋友,制定一个帮助你实现阅读目标的计划。)切题。故选F。
5 C.根据上文提示“要培养一种阅读文化,你必须首先分析你当前的阅读习惯。你读书吗?”承接上文,C项Do you start off and stop at some point?(你会在某一点开始并停止吗?)切题。故选C。
6答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.C; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A; 8.B; 9.A; 10.B; 11.D; 12.C; 13.A; 14.A; 15.D; 16.C; 17.B; 18.D; 19.C; 20.B
解析：1.词语辨析题。此处指玩有中国字的卡片。character“字,字母”;custom“风俗”;game“游戏”;language“语言”。
2.习语搭配题。但是我把它们推到一边。push sth. aside意为“把某物放置一边”,符合句意。
3.逻辑推理题。我母亲相信在我准备好的时候,我会学的。“在……时”用when。
4.逻辑推理题。但是这一“时刻”(time)从未到来。
5.逻辑推理题。由于我没学汉语,所以当叔叔跟我说汉语时,我只是盯着他,非常迷惑,直挠头。stare at意为“盯着看”,符合句意。
6.词语辨析题。叔叔应该是嘲笑我不会说汉语,在唐人街连鱼都买不到。laugh at“嘲笑”,符合句意。care about“关心”;argue with“争论”;ask after“询问”。
7.逻辑推理题。为了回应叔叔的嘲笑,我应该说:“我会立刻去买一些鱼而不说汉语。”right now“立刻,马上”;from now后需接on构成短语,意为“从现在开始”;at times“有时”;in time“及时”。
8.逻辑推理题。要出去买鱼,应该征得母亲的允许(permission),故选B。
9.词语辨析题。结合语境,我应该是重复这些话。repeat“重复”;review“复习”;spell“拼写”;keep“保持”。
10.背景常识题。此处stand为名词,指“(卖鱼的)货摊”。
11.逻辑推理题。由后文的“...turned to serve the next customer.”以及其他顾客的嘲笑可知,他应该是“不理会”(ignored)我说的英语。
12.词语辨析题。随着他们的不耐烦,他们的笑声越来越大。with意为“随着”。
13.逻辑推理题。句意:随着时间的过去……四个选项中只有second表时间,意为“秒”,被嘲笑的人应该是每一秒钟都非常难过,故选A项。
14.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,后面排队的人越来越多了,迫使我大声喊。force意为“逼迫”。
15.逻辑推理题。由前文提到的大家的大笑可知,作者的脸应该是变得“通红”(red)。
16.逻辑推理题。由后文提到的手里紧紧地抓着20美元可知,此刻的他是空手(empty-handed)回去了。
17.习语搭配题。同是中国人,我应该有宾至如归的感觉。feel right at home“有宾至如归的感觉”。
18.词语辨析题。有时我嘲笑我的买鱼事件。incident“事情,发生的事情”(常指小事)。trade“贸易,商业”;deed“事迹”;challenge“挑战”。
19.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,这是有关“我”的笑话。
20.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,作者不会说汉语,每一句嘲笑都应该是笑作者“丢失了”(lost)祖先的文化。
7答案及解析：
答案：1. a2. died 3. with4. to clean5. laughter6. noisily7. but8. have lost 9. It10. bringing
解析：
幸福是什么?作者在文中告诉我们幸福是善良,是爱,是无私,
1. a考查冠词。空处后面的house是可数名词,根据句意“她独—人居住在一个小房子里”可知用a表示泛指,意为“一个”。
2. died 考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语years ago 可知,要用一般过去时,故填 died。
3. with 考查介词。根据句意“但她经常面带微笑地帮助别人”,可知填with,表示“带着”。
4. to clean考作非谓语动词。be the first to do sth.表示"第一个做某事”, 序数词后要用不定式做定语,所以填to
5. laughter 考查词性转换。and连接并列结构,and后面的love是名词,所以此处也应该用名词,laugh的名词形式是laughter,是不可数名词,故填laughter。
6. noisily考查词性转换。所填词做状语修饰动词talk,所以用副词, 故填noisily。
7. but考查连词。空处前后都是完整的句子,所以要用并列连词。根据句意“可能他们在那时候会感到幸福,但是他们永远也不会得到真正的幸福,因为他们已经失去了人格”可知,前后分句之间为转折关系,所以用but连接。
8. have lost 考查时态。根据本句中“already”判断此处是现在完成时,主语是 they, 故填have lost。
9. It考查代词。分析句子成分可知,此处缺少主语.指代上一句的“happiness”,故填It。本句句意为“它意味着善良、爱和无私”。
10. bringing考査动名词。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,所以用动名词形式bringing。
8答案及解析：
答案：
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years the violin., I couldn’t understand “real music”. After I graduated high school, a friend of mine suggested that we should start to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful. Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practise it every day.
解析：
第一处：learn→learning spend some time/some money (in) doing sth 为固定搭配，意为“花些时间/金钱做某事”。
第二处:Therefore→However句意为：我小时候学了十多年的小提琴。然而.我不能理解“真正的音乐”结合句意可知，此处表示转折关系，不表示因果关系。
第三处:at→from graduate from…为固定搭配，意为“从 ……毕业”。
第四处：a→both all表示“（三者或三者以上）都”；both表示“（两 者）都”，此处的we指“我和我的一个朋友”，共两个人。故改为both。
第五处:that→which on... in the guitar store为定沿从句修饰先行词指物时，关系词在定语从句中作on的宾语,先行词指物时，关系词应用which,故将that改为which。
第六处:see→saw讲述发生在过去的事情，谓语动词应用过去式，故将see放为saw。
第七处:删除the句意为:他成为我的第一位吉他老师。因为有形容词性物主代词my修饰其后的名词短语，故删除the。
第八处：在time后加to 此处考查句型It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”,不定式作真正的主语。
第九处:model →models several修饰可数名词复数。故model应改为复数形式。
第十处：importantly→important此处是形容词的最高级修饰名词part。故将副词改为形容词。
9答案及解析：
答案：
NOTICE
In order to improve the students’ interest in reading, our school is to hold an activity in Room 201 of the teaching building at 2 pm on March 19.
All the students are welcome to the activity, where the participants are expected to exchange views about what they have read. Besides, you can recommend books to others. It is hoped that all the students should spend more time reading during the coming summer holiday in order to have wonderful ideas to share with others.
Let's seize the chance and make good preparations for it!
The Students' Union
解析：
本文要求写一则通知,内容主要有:
(1) 活动的时间、地点;
(2) 活动的目的;
(3) 活动的内容;
(4) 号召大家积极参与。
注意,写作时要点要全面,尽量使用过渡性词语以使行文连贯;使用一些较高级句式,尽量避免句式单一;可适当增加细节,以使文章内容更丰富。时态方面应以将来时为主,人称则以第三人称为主。
2020届高考英语模拟黄金卷（全国卷）（五）
1、 A visit to a zoo can be an amazing experience for people of all ages. If you want to get close to wildlife, why not visit one of the following zoos in the UK?
Longleat Safari(野外观兽旅行) & Adventure Park
Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park is the UK’s oldest safari park. Opened in 1966, it was the first safari park opened outside Africa. It was just, a 100-acre lion reserve in the beginning, but it has grown fast over the years. Now you can see parrots and other creatures here, although lions are still popular with many people.
Open from mid-February to early November, a day ticket costs £26 for adults. Admission(门票) for 3 to 14-year-olds is £ 18. 50 and £21 for the over-60s.
Located just off the A36 between Bath and Salisbury, it can be reached by taking the A362.
Bristol Zoo Gardens
Bristol Zoo Gardens is one of the UK’s oldest zoos. It has celebrated its 180th anniversary(周年) in 2016. Here, you’ll find over 400 different species of creatures. It also has nine animal houses, so even if the weather isn’t at its best, there are still lots of amazing creatures to look at, including the endangered red panda. Perhaps one of the most popular places is Bug World, where you can see all kinds of scary insects.
Admission for adults is £14 and £8. 50 for 3 to 14-year-olds.
Located in the Clifton region of Bristol, you can reach the zoo by taking either the No. 8 or 9 bus. Clifton Down train station is also close by, and if you are taking public transport, you can buy a discounted entry ticket to the zoo.
1.What do we know about Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park?
A.It’s the first safari park in the UK.
B.It covers an area of 100 acres in total.
C.It has a longer history than Bristol Zoo.
D.It’s famous mostly for its parrots and lions.
2.How much should a 61-year-old couple with their 4-year-old grandson pay to visit the first zoo?
A.￡42. B.￡52. C.￡60.5. D.￡70.5.
3.Bristol Zoo was opened probably in ________.
A.1826 B.1766 C.1936 D.1836
2、According to a new study, teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.
University College London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to make choices based on the available information. They tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.
Each symbol was consistently associated with a fixed chance of a reward, punishment, or no outcome. As the trial progressed, participants learned which symbols were likely to lead to each outcome and adjusted their choices accordingly. Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with reward, but teens were less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment. Adults also performed significantly better when they were told what would have happened if they had chosen the other symbol after each choice, while teens did not appear to take this information into account.
“From this experimental lab study we can draw conclusions about learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways, something that might be relevant to education," said lead author Dr. Stefano Palminteri. “Unlike adults, teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment. This suggests that incentive systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this age group. Additionally, we found that teens did not learn from being shown what would have happened if they made alternative choices."
To interpret the results, the researchers developed computational models of learning and ran simulations (模拟)applying them to the results of the study. The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking. For example, obtaining no outcome rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no outcome.
Comparing the experimental data to the models, the team found that teens" behavior followed the simple reward-based model while adults" behavior matched the complete, contextual model. “Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value,” said senior author Dr. Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. “As a result, it may be useful for parents and teachers to frame things in more positive terms.”
1.It can be learned from the study that______.
A.adults made choices faster than teens B.adults understood rewards better than teens
C.teens reacted better to reward than punishment D.teens were aware of the outcome of each choice
2.What do we know about the three computational models?
A.They reflected people’s strong desire for punishment avoidance.
B.They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.
C.They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.
D.They shaped the behavior of people at different ages.
3.The underlined word “receptive" in the last paragraph probably means______.
A.accustomed B.opposed C.sympathetic D.responsive
4.According to the writer, which of the following statements works best for teens?
A.“If you insist on doing things in this way, you will lose ten points. "
B.“If we had talked about this earlier, you wouldn’t have made the mistake. "
C.“If you hand in your assignment ahead of time, you will get an extra bonus."
D.“If you want to approach a problem differently, you can talk to your parents. "
3、Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on snorkeling ( 潜水), netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnamare using the eDNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden treefrogs. In Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian(两栖动物)diseases.
Ms. Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mudsnail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
1.Compared to traditional survey techniques, eDNA is more______.
A.complex B.eco-friendly C.dangerous D.convincing
2.By using eDNA, Caren Goldberg has______.
A.succeeded in catching many fishes
B.found the existence of golden treefrogs
C.documented the spread of softshell turtles
D.confirmed the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph ?
A.Robots will replace scientists soon.
B.Some scientists are against using eDNA.
C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.
D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Science Fiction Becomes Reality for Species Surveys
B.Biologists Explore Space with the Help of Edna
C.Scientists Find Methods to Test for Signs of Life
D.New Technologies Are Presented in Science Fictions
4、Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
1.Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A.the young are better at handling important things
B.people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
C.aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D.wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
2.The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A.perceptual speed B.number ability C.vocabulary tests D.body balance
3.People are happier with aging because ______.
A.they learn to value the time left B.they know how to share feelings
C.they cannot focus on negative aspects D.they do not realize the possible dangers
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.People get happier with age. B.People get wiser with age.
C.People get more forgetful with age. D.People get more self-aware with age.
5、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are numerous benefits of reading good books.①______ Whatever your field might be, it's very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. Here are tips to help you cultivate a better and consistent reading habit:
●Determine your reading goal.②______ This goal should be clear and backed up with a purpose. Start by thinking about how a consistent reading pattern can help you grow indifferent areas of your life-spirit, academics, career, relationships and more.
●③____ Once you' re done setting your reading goal for the year, you'll need a list to back it up. Write out a list of the amazing books you want to read. Ask for recommendations from friends and instructors. It’s important to keep a journal listing the books you'll like to read for each month.
●Get a responsible reading partner to promote your reading. Goals need to be backed up in order to help put a check and encourage you during times you don't feel motivated.④_______
To develop a reading culture, you must first analyze your current reading habits. Do you read at all?⑤___ In order to truly achieve your reading goals and build a consistent reading habit, you'll need to set up simple systems， find responsible partners， and generally be hungry to grow beyond your comfort zone.
A. Do you study hard at school?
B. Make a list of books for each month.
C. Do you start off and stop at some point?
D. Get up early and go to bed late to back up your goal.
E. It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.
F. Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.
G. It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.
6、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors. When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 1 at my face, but I pushed them 2 . My mom believed I would learn 3 I was ready. But the 4 never came.
On a Chinese New Year’s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was 5 at him, confused, scratching my head. "Still can't speak Chinese?" He 6 me, "You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown."
"Hey, this is America, not China. I'll get some 7 without Chinese." I replied and turned to my mom for 8 .
"Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu," she said, handing over a $20 bill. I 9 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.
I found the fish 10 surrounded in a sea of customers. "I'd like to buy some fresh fish," I shouted to the fishman. But he 11 my English words and turned to serve the next customer.The laugh of the people behind increased 12 their impatience. With every 13 ,the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger-my blood boiling— 14 me to cry out." Xian Sheng Yu, please, Very Xian Sheng, “I repeated. The crowd erupted into laughter. My face turned 15 and I ran back home 16 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand.
Should I laugh or cry? They're Chinese. I’m Chinese. I should feel right at 17 . Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 18 ,but, in the end, the joke is on 19 .Every laugh is a culture 20 ;every laugh is my heritage(传统)fading away.
1.A.customs B.games C.characters D.languages
2.A.ahead B.around C.along D.aside
3.A.when B.before C.unless D.until
4.A.success B.study C.time D.attempt
5.A.aiming B.joking C.noding D.staring
6.A.cared about B.laughed at C.argued with D.asked after
7.A.right now B.from now C.at times D.in time
8.A.decision B.permission C.information D.preparation
9.A.repeated B.reviewed C.spelled D.kept
10.A.farm B.stand C.pond D.market
11.A.guessed B.forgot C.doubted D.ignored
12.A.by B.as C.with D.from
13.A.second B.effort C.desire D.movement
14.A.forcing B.allowing C.persuading D.leading
15.A.bright B.blank C.pale D.red
16.A.open-mouthed B.tongue-tied C.empty-handed D.broken-hearted
17.A.service B.home C.risk D.root
18.A.trade B.deed C.challenge D.incident
19.A.it B.us C.me D.them
20.A.thrown B.lost C.divided D.reflected
7、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多余三个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
What on earth does happiness mean? I can’t give you its exact definition, but I’m sure if you love and help others you’ll get it.
I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives in ①____________ small house alone. It is said that her husband and her son ②____________ (die)in a road accident years ago. Her life is bitter, but she often helps others ③____________ a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the first ④____________ (clean) the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of ⑤____________ (laugh)and love.
But I’m sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways. They talk ⑥____________ (noisy)in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others’ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time , ⑦____________ they will never get true happiness because they ⑧____________ (lose) their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is. ⑨____________ means kindness , love and unselfishness. Above all, I have come to understand that ⑩____________ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在该词下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn’t understand “real music”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we should start to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I see a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practise it every day.
9、假定你是学生会主席李华。为提高同学们的阅读兴趣,你校将于3月19日下午2:00在教学楼201室举行读书交流活动,请用英语写一则通知,号召同学们积极参加。要点如下:
1. 活动的时间、地点;
2. 活动的目的;
3. 活动的内容;
4. 号召大家积极参与。
注意:
1.词数100左右,标题和落款已给出,但不计入总词数
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Longleat Safari & Adventure Park部分第一段一句 Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari & Adventure Park is the UK’s oldest safari park.可知,这家公园是英国最古老的野生动物园,也就是说它是英国第一个野生动物园。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据Longleat Safari & Adventure Park部分第二段中的 Admission for 3 to 14-year-olds is £18. 50 and £21 for the over-60s.可知,本题中一对老年夫妻的票价是£42,四岁的孙子的票价是￡18.50,—共是£60.5。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据Bristol Zoo Gardens部分第一段第二句It has celebrated its 180th anniversary in 2016.可知,2016年,这个动物园进行了180年周年庆,那么它是在1836年开办的。故选D项。
2答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C
解析：1.推理判断题。题意:从研究中可以看出______。A、 成年人比青少年更快地做出选择。B、 成年人比青少年更了解奖励。C、 青少年对奖赏的反应比惩罚好。D、 青少年知道每个选择的结果。根据最后一段中"Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value."(我们的研究表明,青少年更容易接受奖励,而不是同等价值的惩罚)可知青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好, C项切题。故选C项。
2.推理判断题。题意:我们对这三种计算模型了解多少?A、 它们反映了人们强烈的逃避惩罚的愿望。B、 他们考虑了不同的情况。C、 他们奖惩并重。D、 他们塑造了不同年龄的人的行为。根据第五段中"The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking.”(第一个是一个简单的模型,一个是从奖励中学到的,第二个增加了一些从未被选的选择中了解的部分。第三个模型是最完整的,考虑了全部的背景,对逃避惩罚和寻求奖励给予同等的重视。)可知,这部分语境意在表示研究者给了环境不同程度的考虑。B项切题。故选B项。
3.词义推测题。最后一段加下划线的“receptive”一词可能是指。A、 习惯的B、 反对的C、 同情的D. 反应积极的。根据最后一段中"Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value" (我们的研究表明,青少年更容易接受奖励,而不是同等价值的惩罚),可知青少年对于回报的回应比惩罚好。结合句子结构分析和翻译语境可知,D项切合题意。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。题意:根据作者的说法,以下哪种说法最适合青少年?A、 “如果你坚持这样做,你会失去10分。”B、 “如果我们早点说,你就不会犯这个错误了。”C、 “如果你提前交作业,你会得到额外的奖金。”D、 “如果你想以不同的方式解决问题,你可以和你的父母谈谈。”通过阅读全文可知,本文主旨介绍了一项项新研究 ,研究表明青少年们关注回报,很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑到不同行为的结果。C项符合原文关于青少年们关注回报的表述。故选C项
3答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.题干意思为与传统的调查技术相比,eDNA更___。根据文章. She sees eDNA as a way to get answers more efficiently and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. 她认为与传统的调查方法相比,eDNA是一种更有效、更少破坏的方法。结合选项A项复杂的;B项环境友好型的;C项危险的;D项使人信服的,故答案为B
2.题干意思为通过使用eDNA, 卡伦戈德堡已经___。根据文章Ms. Goldberg has used eDNA testing to confirm the local extinction (灭绝) of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. 戈德堡女士已经用e-DNA技术测试证实了美国爱达荷州豹蛙的灭绝。结合选项A项他成功地钓到了许多鱼;B项发现了金树蛙的存在;C项记录了软壳海龟的扩散;D项证实了爱达荷州豹蛙的消失,故答案为D
3.题干意思为我们能从最后一段推断出什么?根据文章Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.使用这项技术的科学家们表示,他们预计机器人不会很快取代野外生物学家。但老式的野外工作可能很快就会更具针对性。可推断出老式的野外工作可能被取代,结合选项A项机器人将很快取代科学家;B项一些科学家反对使用eDNA;C项老式的野外工作可能会消失;D项许多生物学家不愿做野外工作。故答案为C
4.题干意思为文章最好的标题是什么?根据文章Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or eDNA for short. 许多科幻小说都讲述了探险家到达一个新世界的故事。然后,探险者使用某种高科技设备来测试可呼吸的空气或生命迹象。但在地球上,通过一种叫做环境DNA(简称eDNA)的新采样技术,科幻小说正变成现实。结合选项A项科幻小说在物种调查方面变为现实;B项生物学家在eDNA的帮助下探索太空;C项科学家们找到了检测生命迹象的方法;D项新技术出现在科幻小说中,故答案为A
4答案及解析：
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.本题为细节题,根据题干的Barbara Strauch定位在文章第二段第二行,when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s. 文章的意思是当提到重要的事情时,我们的大脑随着年龄的增长会变得更好。实际上,她主 张很多研究已经发现我们大脑的智力水平在40 到60 岁时达到顶峰。所以选B。另外,A、 B、C在第二段均未提及,且与文中主旨不符。
2.本题是细节题。根据题干的The continuing research定位到文章第四段 第一行。第二行从It has found开始介绍这个research的结论,倒数第二行的Specifically, order people did better on tests of vocabulary说特别是,年长的人在词汇测试上做的更好,所以选C。要快速的做这类题要学会快速搜寻有效信息。比如这题,定位到第四段后,要很快找到表示调查研究结论的found 和表示特别强调的Specifically。另外,B、A在第五段第 一行提到,但说的是老人不擅长这两件事,而D文中没有提到。
3.本题是细节题,根据题干 happier 定位到文中最后一个单词。向前找关键信息会看到一个but,文中是这么说的but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are sub-consciously aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy. 意为但是当我们逐渐变老,我们已经经历了很多且下意识的 认识到我们剩下的时间已经不多了,因此快乐对我们而言变得更加重要,所以选A。另外, B 选项与最后一段第二行关键词 found 后面说的不符,文章说的是控制感情而不是分享感 情。C、D项出现在but 之前,说的是年轻人不会出现CD项的内容,不代表老年人就会出现。
4.本题是主旨题。根据文章第一段末的转折But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.对应转折前说的随着年龄的增长人会变得健忘,所以选B。A 选 项跟主旨完全相反,D没有提到。C是最大的干扰项,文末说的是快乐对年长的人很重要,并不是说人就会越来越快乐。
5答案及解析：
答案：
1. G
2. E
3. B
4. F
5. C
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。读好书有很多好处。文章介绍了一些帮助你养成更好和更持久阅读习惯的小窍门。
1 G.上文提示“读好书有很多好处。”承接上文,G项It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.(它能让你思考得更深入,提高你的技能,并教会你更多关于你所在领域的知识。)切题。故选G。
2 E.本段小标题“确定你的阅读目标。”再根据下文提示“这个目标应该是明确的,并有一个目的作为后盾。”承接标题和下文,E项 It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.(通过设定一个目标开始养成阅读习惯是很重要的。)切题。关键词“goal”,故选E。
3 B.此空是段落小标题,应该用段小精悍的祈使句,所以在B/D/F中选。再结合空格下文提示“以记日记的形式列出你每个月想读的书是很重要的。”承接下文内容,B项 Make a list of books for each month.(列出每个月的书单。)故选B。
4 F.上文提示“当你感到没有动力的时候,你的目标需要被支持,以帮助你检查和鼓励你。”承接上文,F项Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.(找一个愿意阅读的朋友,制定一个帮助你实现阅读目标的计划。)切题。故选F。
5 C.根据上文提示“要培养一种阅读文化,你必须首先分析你当前的阅读习惯。你读书吗?”承接上文,C项Do you start off and stop at some point?(你会在某一点开始并停止吗?)切题。故选C。
6答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.C; 5.D; 6.B; 7.A; 8.B; 9.A; 10.B; 11.D; 12.C; 13.A; 14.A; 15.D; 16.C; 17.B; 18.D; 19.C; 20.B
解析：1.词语辨析题。此处指玩有中国字的卡片。character“字,字母”;custom“风俗”;game“游戏”;language“语言”。
2.习语搭配题。但是我把它们推到一边。push sth. aside意为“把某物放置一边”,符合句意。
3.逻辑推理题。我母亲相信在我准备好的时候,我会学的。“在……时”用when。
4.逻辑推理题。但是这一“时刻”(time)从未到来。
5.逻辑推理题。由于我没学汉语,所以当叔叔跟我说汉语时,我只是盯着他,非常迷惑,直挠头。stare at意为“盯着看”,符合句意。
6.词语辨析题。叔叔应该是嘲笑我不会说汉语,在唐人街连鱼都买不到。laugh at“嘲笑”,符合句意。care about“关心”;argue with“争论”;ask after“询问”。
7.逻辑推理题。为了回应叔叔的嘲笑,我应该说:“我会立刻去买一些鱼而不说汉语。”right now“立刻,马上”;from now后需接on构成短语,意为“从现在开始”;at times“有时”;in time“及时”。
8.逻辑推理题。要出去买鱼,应该征得母亲的允许(permission),故选B。
9.词语辨析题。结合语境,我应该是重复这些话。repeat“重复”;review“复习”;spell“拼写”;keep“保持”。
10.背景常识题。此处stand为名词,指“(卖鱼的)货摊”。
11.逻辑推理题。由后文的“...turned to serve the next customer.”以及其他顾客的嘲笑可知,他应该是“不理会”(ignored)我说的英语。
12.词语辨析题。随着他们的不耐烦,他们的笑声越来越大。with意为“随着”。
13.逻辑推理题。句意:随着时间的过去……四个选项中只有second表时间,意为“秒”,被嘲笑的人应该是每一秒钟都非常难过,故选A项。
14.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,后面排队的人越来越多了,迫使我大声喊。force意为“逼迫”。
15.逻辑推理题。由前文提到的大家的大笑可知,作者的脸应该是变得“通红”(red)。
16.逻辑推理题。由后文提到的手里紧紧地抓着20美元可知,此刻的他是空手(empty-handed)回去了。
17.习语搭配题。同是中国人,我应该有宾至如归的感觉。feel right at home“有宾至如归的感觉”。
18.词语辨析题。有时我嘲笑我的买鱼事件。incident“事情,发生的事情”(常指小事)。trade“贸易,商业”;deed“事迹”;challenge“挑战”。
19.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,这是有关“我”的笑话。
20.逻辑推理题。由前文可知,作者不会说汉语,每一句嘲笑都应该是笑作者“丢失了”(lost)祖先的文化。
7答案及解析：
答案：1. a2. died 3. with4. to clean5. laughter6. noisily7. but8. have lost 9. It10. bringing
解析：
幸福是什么?作者在文中告诉我们幸福是善良,是爱,是无私,
1. a考查冠词。空处后面的house是可数名词,根据句意“她独—人居住在一个小房子里”可知用a表示泛指,意为“一个”。
2. died 考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语years ago 可知,要用一般过去时,故填 died。
3. with 考查介词。根据句意“但她经常面带微笑地帮助别人”,可知填with,表示“带着”。
4. to clean考作非谓语动词。be the first to do sth.表示"第一个做某事”, 序数词后要用不定式做定语,所以填to
5. laughter 考查词性转换。and连接并列结构,and后面的love是名词,所以此处也应该用名词,laugh的名词形式是laughter,是不可数名词,故填laughter。
6. noisily考查词性转换。所填词做状语修饰动词talk,所以用副词, 故填noisily。
7. but考查连词。空处前后都是完整的句子,所以要用并列连词。根据句意“可能他们在那时候会感到幸福,但是他们永远也不会得到真正的幸福,因为他们已经失去了人格”可知,前后分句之间为转折关系,所以用but连接。
8. have lost 考查时态。根据本句中“already”判断此处是现在完成时,主语是 they, 故填have lost。
9. It考查代词。分析句子成分可知,此处缺少主语.指代上一句的“happiness”,故填It。本句句意为“它意味着善良、爱和无私”。
10. bringing考査动名词。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少主语,所以用动名词形式bringing。
8答案及解析：
答案：
When I was a child, I spent more than ten years the violin., I couldn’t understand “real music”. After I graduated high school, a friend of mine suggested that we should start to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. There I a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful. Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practise it every day.
解析：
第一处：learn→learning spend some time/some money (in) doing sth 为固定搭配，意为“花些时间/金钱做某事”。
第二处:Therefore→However句意为：我小时候学了十多年的小提琴。然而.我不能理解“真正的音乐”结合句意可知，此处表示转折关系，不表示因果关系。
第三处:at→from graduate from…为固定搭配，意为“从 ……毕业”。
第四处：a→both all表示“（三者或三者以上）都”；both表示“（两 者）都”，此处的we指“我和我的一个朋友”，共两个人。故改为both。
第五处:that→which on... in the guitar store为定沿从句修饰先行词指物时，关系词在定语从句中作on的宾语,先行词指物时，关系词应用which,故将that改为which。
第六处:see→saw讲述发生在过去的事情，谓语动词应用过去式，故将see放为saw。
第七处:删除the句意为:他成为我的第一位吉他老师。因为有形容词性物主代词my修饰其后的名词短语，故删除the。
第八处：在time后加to 此处考查句型It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”,不定式作真正的主语。
第九处:model →models several修饰可数名词复数。故model应改为复数形式。
第十处：importantly→important此处是形容词的最高级修饰名词part。故将副词改为形容词。
9答案及解析：
答案：
NOTICE
In order to improve the students’ interest in reading, our school is to hold an activity in Room 201 of the teaching building at 2 pm on March 19.
All the students are welcome to the activity, where the participants are expected to exchange views about what they have read. Besides, you can recommend books to others. It is hoped that all the students should spend more time reading during the coming summer holiday in order to have wonderful ideas to share with others.
Let's seize the chance and make good preparations for it!
The Students' Union
解析：
本文要求写一则通知,内容主要有:
(1) 活动的时间、地点;
(2) 活动的目的;
(3) 活动的内容;
(4) 号召大家积极参与。
注意,写作时要点要全面,尽量使用过渡性词语以使行文连贯;使用一些较高级句式,尽量避免句式单一;可适当增加细节,以使文章内容更丰富。时态方面应以将来时为主,人称则以第三人称为主。
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