高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
展开高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
语法填空的考点或考查内容是：
(1)纯空格题：通常考 冠词、介词、代词和连词 等四类词。一个空格只能填 一个单词。
(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填 多个个单词
语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。
考点一：冠词
• 无提示词
• 名词之前
1. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]_ ___ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (14一模)
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]_ __ shy , nervous perfectionist. (15二模)
3. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to [40]_ ___ small town some 20 kilometers away (12年)
4. I still remember taking [22] ___ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.
考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法
[解题技巧]
下列情况很可能填 ：
(1)________+可数名词(单数)；
(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。
下列情况下很可能填 ：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。
1. He’s ___ amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he ……
2. One way that Americans do this is with __ firm hand shake.
3. This is ____ law of American—of all successful people.
4. hour
honest boy
_____ 8-year-old boy
X-ray photo/umbrella/American
考点二：介词
• 无提示词：注意搭配问题
• 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等
• 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1. In short, I believe that it is [39]________ great use to keep a dairy in English…
2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen.
3. She found some good quality pipes_________ sale.
4. He was very tired _______________ doing this for a whole day…
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配
考点三：代词
• 无提示词
• 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。
• 指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等
1. She remembered how difficult _________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _____ .
3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _____ want to say it again: a smile…
考查语法点: 代词的基本用法
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。
考点四：连词或从句引导词
• 无提示词
• 两个主谓结构连接
1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains 16 the area is called the Black Country.
2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.
3. Jane paused in front of a counter ______ some attractive ties were on display.
4. One day, he came up with an idea _____ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.
考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法
[解题技巧]
(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。
(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。
考点五：谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (15广州一模)
2. His fear of failure ________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (14深圳二模)
3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(15广东)
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
考点六：非谓语动词
• 有提示词
• 除谓语动词以外的动词形式
1. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift.
2. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left ____________ (complete) the rest!
3. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her.
4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise). (11广州一模)
考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用
考点七：词性转换
.有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude).
2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.
3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______ (nature) course.
4. ____________ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.
考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化
考点八：形容词的级
• 有提示词
• 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级
1.One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher…
2. … We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt __________ (lonely) than I had expected that night.
3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _________ (great) writers of our time.(双语报)
小结
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
一般有提示词: 动词, 名词 , 形容词 , 副词.
无提示词: 冠词 ,介词, 连词, 代词.
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词 定冠词,不定冠词
代词 人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词
连词 并列句及复合句
介词 介词的常用用法及词组搭配
谓语动词 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
非谓语 非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形
词性变化 词汇, 构词法
解题四步走 通读全文,理解大意
分析句子,确定词性
根据语义, 确定词形
检查搭配, 前后连贯
