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北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT2 Section D课时学案含答案
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这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT2 Section D课时学案含答案，共39页。
Section D Lesson 3 Running and FitnessⅠ.基础词汇1．________________ n. 好处，益处 vt.& vi. 有益于，得益于2．________________ vi. 流，流动 n. 流动3．________________ n. 隐痛 v. 疼痛；隐痛4．________________ vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标) n. (对计算机鼠标的)单击(声)5．________________ n. 汗水 v. 出汗，流汗6．________________ adj. 困难的，难办的7．________________ n. 原则，基本的观念；方针；准则8．________________ n. 王子 ________________ adj. 重要的 n. 校长；社长9．________________ n. 肌肉10．________________ n. 氧Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．relieve vt.减轻，缓解→________ n．减轻，缓解2．week n．周→________ adj.一周一次的，每周的3．particular n．尤其，特别 adj.特定的→________ adv.尤其，特别4．member n．会员→________ n．会员身份5．equip vt.装备；使有能力→________ n．设备，装备6．cap vt.胜过，超过→________ adj.能干的；能力强的7．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→________ n．预防；阻止，阻挡8．up adv.& prep.向上；朝，在→________ adj.较上的，上面的9．achieve v．达到，完成→________ adj.可完成的；做得成的10．satisfy v．使满意→________ n．满足，满意11．do v．做→________ vt.把……做得过火12．detail n．细节→________ adj.详细的；细致的；精细的13．guide＋line→________ n．指导方针，指导原则14．short＋cut→________ n．捷径，近路Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)(A) 写出下列短语的汉意1．get in shape ________________2．stay healthy ________________3．relieve tension ________________4．strengthen one's immune system ________________5．cheer up ________________6．in particular ________________7．keep up ________________8．be capable of ________________9．prevent diseases ________________10．as well as ________________11．cool down ________________12．jog slowly for ten minutes ________________13．relax one's body ________________14．principles of running ________________15．scan for specific information ________________16．draw up a training plan ________________17．need special equipment ________________18．increase the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain ________________19．do the right amount ________________20．give good upper and lower body strength ________________21．after all ________________22．Everything is possible! ________________(B)写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语1．________________ 变得健康2．________________ 减少健康问题3．________________ 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的4．________________ 感到难堪5．________________ 运动总比不运动好6．________________ 常见疾病7．________________ 感到沮丧8．________________ 由于压力9．________________ 对……不熟悉/陌生10．________________ 热身(主要做一些舒展动作)11．________________ 树立可行的目标12．________________ 确保13．________________ 最后14．________________ (＝take a break)休息15．________________ 对……有坏处16．________________ 减轻疼痛或紧张17．________________ 进入大学18．________________ 一直19．________________ 消磨时光20．________________ 没有什么比……好Ⅰ.课文思维导图Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．Which of the following is not the benefits of running?A.It will help people get fit.B.It will increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart.C.It will strengthen people's immune system.D.It will help people who are upset cheer up.2．What should you do to be a runner?A.Have a gym membership.B.Have some special equipment such as a running machine.C.Have a pair of good running shoes.D.Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.3．Which of the following is not right according to this passage?A.Running can help to reduce the risk of some serious health problems.B.Running can keep people energetic and relieve stress.C.It is necessary to warm up and cool down before and after running.D.If you are tired, you can stop running immediately to have a rest.4．What is the main idea of the passage?A.Any exercise is better than none.B.Longdistance running will benefit a lot.C.How to be a runner.D.The advice to a new runner.Ⅲ.课文语法填空As people often say, any exercise is 1.________ (good) than none, but longdistance running 2.________ particular has a lot of 3.________ (benefit).It is a great sport for beginners—4.________ you need is just a pair of good running shoes. Then, keep it up.Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. It will benefit your heart and brain a lot. It also 5.________ (strength) your immune system and reduces the risk of serious health problems, as well as more common illnesses like colds. Besides, anybody 6.________ is feeling down can go for a run 7.________ (cheer) themselves up.If you are new to running, here 8.________ (be) some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down 9.________ (proper) before and after running，so you do not hurt 10.________ (you).[词汇注释]①in particular尤其，特别※particular/pə'tɪkjələ/n. 尤其，特别 adj. 特定的②benefit/'benɪfɪt/n. 好处，益处③membership/'membəʃɪp/n.会员身份④equipment/ɪ'kwɪpmənt/n.设备，装备⑤keep up坚持下去，继续下去⑥a way to do sth.做某事的方法※a way of doing sth.做某事的方法⑦be capable of有能力做※capable/'keɪpəbəl/adj. 能干的；能力强的⑧worry about担心⑨get fit变得健康※keep fit保持健康⑩prevent/prɪ'vent/vt.预防；阻止，阻挡※prevent...from...阻止……做……⑪disease/dɪ'ziːz/n.疾病※prevent diseases预防疾病⑫upper/'ʌpə/adj.较上的，上面的※lower adj.下面的，下方的⑬flow/fləʊ/vi.流，流动 n.流动⑭oxygen/'ɒksɪdʒən/n. 氧⑮allow sth. to...允许某物……⑯immune system免疫系统※immune/ɪ'mjuːn/adj.免疫的；有免疫力的system/'sɪstɪm/n.系统⑰as well as也，此外⑱go for a run去跑步⑲cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来※cheer oneself up让自己振作起来⑳relief/rɪ'liːf/n.减轻，缓解※provide relief from...缓解…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(21)) ache/eɪk/n. 隐痛 eq \o(○,\s\up1(22)) due to因为，由于 eq \o(○,\s\up1(23)) be new to sth.对……不熟悉/陌生 eq \o(○,\s\up1(24)) warm up热身 eq \o(○,\s\up1(25)) cool down使冷却下来；冷静下来 eq \o(○,\s\up1(26)) guideline/'ɡaɪdlaɪn/n. 指导方针，指导原则※the guidelines on sth.有关某事的指导建议 eq \o(○,\s\up1(27)) click/klɪk/vi. & vt.点击(鼠标)[教材原文]Hi Jeremy，Thanks for your question. As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but longdistance running in particular① has a lot of benefits②.It is a great sport for beginners—you do not need a gym membership③ or any special equipment④. Just a pair of good running shoes will do. Then, keep it up⑤. There is also no better[1] way to⑥ know yourself and to see what you are capable of⑦. eq \a\vs4\al([1]“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义) You are also somebody who worries about⑧ getting sick [2]. Running will help you get fit⑨ and prevent⑩ diseases⑪. It will give you good upper⑫ and lower body strength. Like any exercise, running increases the flow⑬ of blood and oxygen⑭ to your brain. It makes your heart stronger and allows more blood to⑮ flow around your body. It also strengthens your immune system⑯ and reduces the risk of serious health problems, as well as⑰ more common illnesses like colds. Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run⑱ to cheer themselves up⑲. Even a thirtyminute run will provide relief⑳ from achesB21 or tension that you may be suffering[3] due toB22 stress.[2]who引导定语从句，修饰somebody[3]that引导定语从句，修饰aches or tensionIf you are new toB23 running, here is some advice for you—it is important to warm upB24 and cool downB25 properly before and after running, so you do not hurt yourself. A warmup gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise. After a long run, you should jog slowly for ten minutes, then walk for five minutes. Such kind of warmdown relaxes your body after exercise.For more guidelinesB26 on running, clickB27 here. I hope this will help[4]! eq \a\vs4\al([4]vi.有帮助) Best Regards，Dr. Martin[汉语译文]嗨！杰瑞米：感谢你的问题。正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别(in particular)是长跑有很多益处(benefit)。对于初学者来说，这是一项很棒的运动，你不需要健身房会员(membership)或任何特殊的设备(equipment)。只要一双好跑鞋就行了。然后，坚持。跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到(be capable of)哪一步。你像很多人一样，也担心自己有生病的风险。跑步会帮助你变得健康并预防(prevent)疾病(disease)。它会让你拥有很棒的上(upper)肢和下肢力量。像任何运动一样，跑步会增加血液流通(flow)并向大脑输送氧气(oxygen)。它让你的心脏更强壮，并加速血液流动。它还能强化你的免疫系统(immune system)，降低患严重健康问题的风险，以及患常见疾病的几率，例如感冒。此外，心情低落的人会选择跑步让自己振作起来(cheer up)。即使跑30分钟也能缓解(relief)你因压力而感到的疼痛(ache)或紧张。如果你刚开始跑步，我有一些建议给你——跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松活动很重要，这样你就不会伤到自己。热身会促进血液更快地流动，在运动前让你的身体做好准备。长跑后，你应该再慢跑十分钟，然后步行五分钟。这种舒缓运动可以使身体在运动后得到放松。有关跑步的更多指导(guideline)，请点击(click)此处。希望能有所帮助！致以最好的问候，马丁博士►第一版块|重点单词诠释1)relieve vt.减轻，缓解；解除；使宽心，使宽慰 relief n．减轻，缓解；宽慰) (教材原句)to relieve tension缓解紧张(1)relieve stress 减轻压力relieve pain 缓解疼痛relieve the symptoms of a cold 减轻感冒症状(2)relieve...from... 从……中解除/减轻……be relieved to do sth. 因做某事而感到欣慰(sb.) be relieved that... ……(某人)感到宽慰/放心(3)in relief 如释重负；松了口气with relief 欣慰地to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是give sb. relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦for the relief of... 为了救济……；为了减轻……breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气disaster relief 赈灾relief work 救济工作❶Write home as often as possible so as to relieve your mother from anxiety.尽量多给家里写信，免得你母亲牵肠挂肚。❷We were relieved to hear that she was out of danger.听说她脱险了，我们的心才放下来。❸This medicine will relieve your headache.这药将减轻你的头痛。❹Mother was relieved that you had come back safely.你平安归来了，妈妈感到宽慰了。❺Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve her.能在最后讲出真话似乎让她倍感轻松。❻She smiled in relief after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University.听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。❼It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop halfway.这让我松了一口气，在半路突然停了下来。[联想] relieve v. →relief n．宽慰believe v．→belief n．信任[句式] It is a relief to do sth.做某事令人欣慰。What a relief！终于放心了！/可轻松了！[特别提醒] to one's relief使某人欣慰的是，为了强调，可在to前面加much或者在relief前面加great，意为“使某人非常欣慰的是”。相同用法的词还有surprise, joy, regret等。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He ________ (relieve) of his post.②She seemed ________ (relieve) that things were better.③I was relieved ________ (see) them back.④The novels may relieve me ________ stress, but I should have focused on study.⑤________ her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after the operation.完成句子⑥世界粮食计划署的一个功能是缓解世界范围的饥饿。One of the functions of the World Food Programme is ________________ worldwide starvation.⑦这能减轻你的压力，不必总想着逗她开心。This can ____________________ on you to provide entertainment for her.⑧认识洛依德医生也是极大的安慰，里德太太请他为她的仆人们看病。It was also ____________________ recognize Dr Lloyd, who Mrs Reed called in for her servants.2)strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健；加强；增强 strength n．力量；力气；长处(可数名词) strong adj.强壮的；坚强的) (教材原句)to strengthen one's immune system增强某人的免疫系统(1)strengthen friendship 增进友谊strengthen one's health 增强体质strengthen the position in the company 巩固在公司的地位(2)with all one's strength 全力；用全部力气strengths and weaknesses 长处和弱点advantages and eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(disadvantages,shortcomings)) 优点和缺陷❶The wind strengthened during the night.夜里风刮得更大了。❷Cycling is good exercise. It strengthens all the muscles of the body.骑自行车是好的锻炼。它使全身肌肉变得强健。❸We will strengthen the protection of wetland.我们将加强湿地保护。❹Your words strengthened my courage.你的话增强了我的勇气。❺He pushed against the rock with all his strength.他用全力推那块石头。❻These were the strengths and weaknesses of his argument.这些就是他的论点的长处和弱点。[归纳梳理] 构词法：后缀en构成动词的用法n./adj.＋en→v.(使……；使……变成)strength n．力量→strengthen v．(使)强健；加强length n．长度→lengthen v．(使)变长fright n．恐怖；惊吓→frighten vt.使惊吓weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v．(使)变弱；削弱；减弱deep adj.深的→deepen v．加深wide adj.宽的→widen v．加宽sharp adj.锋利的→sharpen v．(使)变锋利loose adj.疏松的；宽松的→loosen v．变松；松开short adj.短的→shorten v．(使)变短quick adj.快的→quicken v．(使)加快dark adj.黑暗的→darken v．(使)变暗，变黑broad adj.宽的→broaden v．(使)变宽[注意] 也有用形容词比较级形式加en构成动词的，如：lessen减弱worsen恶化，(使)变得更坏[即学即练] 单句语法填空①________ (strength) selfdiscipline and be smart online learners.②His back ________ (strengthen) with exercise.③The bridge must ________ (strengthen).④Now that you've listed your ________ (strength), list your imperfections (缺点).⑤Write a poem about how courage, determination, and ________ (strong) have helped you face challenges in your life.⑥The ________ (long) of your talk must be at least 10 minutes.⑦He threatened the intruders with a gun and ________ (fright) them off.⑧The project would ________ (deep) the river from 400 to 45 feet, to allow for larger ships.3)weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的 n．周刊，周报 adv.每周；一周一次) (教材原句)I do two weekly runs.我每周跑步两次。weekly magazine/newspaper/report 周刊/周报/每周报告entertainment weekly 娱乐周刊；娱乐周报；每周娱乐English Weekly 英语周报weekly wage 周薪❶He writes a weekly email to his parents.他每周给父母写一封邮件。❷I take in two dailies and one weekly.我订阅两份日报和一份周刊。❸Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.记录并每周评估一次。❹Employees are paid weekly.雇员按周领工资。[归纳梳理] daily adj.日常的；每天的；按日的 n．日报 adv.每天monthly adj.每月的；按月计的 n．月刊 adv.每月一次yearly adj.每年(一次)的；年度的 adv.每年；一年一度[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We go and do the ________ (week) shopping every Thursday.②The publishers planned to produce the journal on a ________ (week) basis.③The seven major industrial countries will have their ________ (year) meeting in London.④You can be paid in cash ________ (week) or by cheque ________ (month); those are the two alternatives.4)awkward adj.令人尴尬的；笨拙的；别扭的；难对付的 awkwardly adv.尴尬的；笨拙地 awkwardness n．尴尬；笨拙) (教材原句)And I feel awkward failing PE exams.体育课不及格让我为难。an awkward question 棘手的问题an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默an awkward situation 尴尬的境地an awkward instrument 使用不便的工具an awkward customer 难对付的顾客an awkward child (动作)笨拙的孩子an awkward excuse 拙劣的借口❶She was awkward about giving us further credit.她为给我们进一步地增加贷款而为难。❷He stood awkwardly in the doorway, not sure what to say.他尴尬地站在门口，不知道该说什么。❸She laughed to cover up her feeling of awkwardness.她用笑声掩饰她的难堪。[拓展] feel awkward感到尴尬be/feel awkward about对……感到不自在be awkward with与……一起感到不自在be awkward at/in在……方面技巧拙劣put sb. in an awkward position使某人处于尴尬的境地,[语境助记] Your decision puts me in an awkward position.你的决定把我弄得很尴尬。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①There was a time when people may have felt awkward ________ asking for a table for one, but those days are over.②In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, lighthearted apology to explain your ________ (awkward).③We really have been put in ________ awkward position because of this.④He laughs a little ________ (awkward), and it's easy to see why he's worried.5)particular n．细节；详情 adj.特定的；不寻常的，特别的；讲究的，挑剔的) (教材原句)．..but longdistance running in particular has a lot of benefits.……特别是长跑有很多益处。in particular＝particularly 尤其，特别be particular about... 对……讲究/挑剔be particular to... 是……特有的something/nothing particular 特别的事/没什么特别的事a particular smell 特殊气味be particular about clothes 对衣着很讲究be particular about economic benefits 讲究经济效益be particular to the tropics 热带地区特有的❶She likes fruit and apples in particular.她喜欢水果，尤其是苹果。❷The British are rather particular about table manners.英国人对餐桌礼仪是十分讲究的。❸Ted was very particular about the colours he used.泰德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的。[拓展]particularly adv.特别，尤其particularity n．特性；个性；讲究[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Why should he notice her car ________ particular?②Mr Chen is quite particular ________ his ties.③Keep your office space looking good, ________ (particular) your desk.④Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its ________ (particular), early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.6)benefit n．好处，益处 vt.使受益，对……有用 vi.有益于，得益于→beneficial adj.有益的) (1)be of benefit to (＝be beneficial to) 对……有好处for the benefit of (＝for one's benefit) 为了……的利益(2)A benefits B A对B有益B benefits from A B从A中获益(3)be beneficial to... 对……有益❶The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.新规章将使所有相关人员受益。❷It was for the benefit of your company that we did that.我们那样做都是为了你们公司的利益。❸The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town.新医院会给这个镇带来极大的好处。❹The new hospital will benefit the entire community.新医院将有益于整个社区。❺Going to school would benefit him.＝He would benefit from going to school.上学对他有好处。❻A good diet is beneficial to health.良好的饮食有益于健康。[一言助记] I suggest you give up smoking for the benefit of your health. I believe that giving up smoking will be of benefit/be beneficial to you and it will also benefit your family a lot. In other words, your family will benefit from your stopping smoking. Especially heavy smokers will find the experience even more beneficial to them.为了你的健康，我建议你戒烟。我相信戒烟对你和你的家人都大有好处。换句话说，你的家人将从你的戒烟中受益。特别是重度吸烟者会发现这种经历对他们更有益。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Race walking shares many fitness ________ (benefit) with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.②We benefited greatly ________ this frank talk.③It can be ________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.④There is no doubt that being honest is ________ the benefit of the country and the individual.⑤Sunshine is beneficial ________ health.⑥The cause of education is ________ benefit to the people.⑦That the mental health benefits ________ music can't be argued.完成句子⑧You need people working ____________________ (为了……的利益) the community.⑨She made a good suggestion which ________________________________ (对同学们有益), so we have adopted it.7)equipment n．[U]设备，装备 equip vt.装备；具备；使有所准备/使有能力) (教材原句)It is a great sport for beginners—you do not need a gym membership or any special equipment.对于初学者来说，这是一项很棒的运动，你不需要健身房会员或任何特殊的设备。(1)set up the equipment 安装设备a piece of equipment 一件设备camping equipment 露营装备office equipment 办公室设备computer equipment 计算机设备medical equipment 医疗设备necessary equipment 必要的设备(2)equip sb./sth. to do sth. 使某人/某物具备条件做某事equip for... 为……做准备equip sb. for sth. 使某人能胜任某事equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物be equipped with... 配备……(表示状态)❶The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.这家医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使更多的病人能够得到治疗。❷This factory has imported a piece of equipment this year.这家工厂今年进口了一台设备。❸Your education will equip you to earn a good living.你所受的教育将使你过上好日子。❹The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。❺He is equipped with much experience in teaching.他具有丰富的教学经验。[误区警示] equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。表示数量时，借用量词piece, a piece of equipment表示“一件设备”。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①They are equipping themselves ________ a journey.②Please equip yourself ________ a pencil and a rubber for the exam.③Owners of restaurants would have to equip them ________ (admit) disabled people.④Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary ________ (equip) with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.⑤They ________ (equip) with new scientific farming ways, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.完成句子⑥At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to ________________________ (具有……的能力) to recognise different facial expressions in humans.8)capable adj.能干的；能力强的(→capably adv.能干地 capability n．能力；才能；性能)) (教材原句)There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。(1)be capable of... 具有……的能力；能……的be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事a strong capable woman 一个坚强能干的女人capable hands 能手，高手(用于指具有某种高超技艺的人)(2)have eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(the capability of doing/to do sth., 有能力做某事,no capability to do sth. 没有能力做某事)) ❶Only human beings are capable of speech.只有人类才具有说话的能力。❷The car is capable of carrying five persons.这辆汽车可搭载5人。❸She's a very capable speaker.她是一个非常有能力的演说者。❹As a scientist, he has the capability of doing important research.作为一名科学家，他有能力从事重大的研究工作。❺He had no capability to deal with the matter.他没有能力处理那件事。❻The engineer explained the plane's technical capabilities.工程师讲解了该飞机的技术性能。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①No one ever questioned her ________ (capable).②Anne was intelligent and capable ________ passing her exams with ease.③You have the capability ________ (do) this job well.④Most children are able ________ (walk) before they are able to talk.⑤He is a manager having ________ capability of leadership.⑥It was all dealt with very ________ (capable) by the police and security people.⑦Her ________ (capable) were always there; all she needed was an opening to show them.9)prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡(→prevention n．预防；阻止；妨碍 preventive adj.预防性的，防备的)) (教材原句)Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases.跑步会帮助你变得健康并预防疾病。prevent...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事❶As always, you should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.和往常一样，你应该在每次跑步前伸展至少十分钟，以防受伤。❷A squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.在香蕉上挤一点儿新鲜的柠檬汁将会防止香蕉变成褐色。❸We are prevented/stopped/kept by the frightening sandstorm from going to school independently.可怕的沙尘暴使我们无法独立去上学。❹Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。❺This accident serves to show the importance of taking preventive measures.这次事故说明了采取预防措施的重要性。[误区警示] (1)以上三个短语用于主动语态时，keep...from doing sth.中的from不能省略，因为keep...doing...表示“使……一直做……”。(2)用于被动语态时，以上三个短语中的from都不能省略。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①They ________ (prevent) from entering the building.②The findings show a critical need to invest in disaster ________ (prevent).③We must take ________ (prevent) measures to reduce crime in the area.④At night vehicles were stopped ________ entering the city centre.⑤Don't let the drive for perfection keep you ________ doing something great.完成句子⑥I have come now, and I hope I haven't ________________________ (让您等太久)！10)ache n．隐痛；(身体某部位的)疼痛 v．隐痛，疼痛；渴望 aching adj.疼痛的) (教材原句)Even a thirtyminute run will provide relief from aches or tension...即使跑30分钟也能缓解疼痛或紧张……(1)a headache 头疼a toothache 牙疼a stomach ache 胃痛the ache of his loneliness 他的孤寂之苦(2)ache for 渴望得到；想念ache to do sth. 渴望做某事❶She felt an ache in her back.她感到后背隐隐作痛。❷The little girl aches for her mother's love.这个小女孩渴望得到妈妈的爱。❸He is aching for his mother.他想念他的妈妈。❹She is aching to join in the game.她渴望参加比赛。❺After climbing the mountain, I ached all over.爬山以后，我感觉周身疼痛。❻I laid my aching head back on the pillow and closed my eyes.我又把阵阵疼痛的头靠在枕头上，闭上了眼。[比较] ache/pain·ache指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛，常常是隐痛。ache可以和表示身体一部分的名词构成复合词，如toothache, stomachache, backache, headache等；·pain可与ache换用，但pain既可指一般疼痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身，时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①I was aching ________ (tell) you all my news.②She ________ (ache) at the thought of what might happen to her husband.③The children ached ________ a sight of the parade.④He suffered from his ________ (ache) teeth.选词填空：pain/ache⑤Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of ________．⑥If I hold it for an hour, I'll have a(n) ________ in my arm.11)detail n．细节；资料[pl.]vt.详述；详细说明(→detailed adj.详细的，细致的)) in detail＝detailedly 详细地go into detail(s) 详细叙述；逐一说明have an eye for detail 善于捕捉细节❶If you're interested in the job, I'll send you all the details.如果你对这份工作感兴趣，我将寄给你全部的资料。❷Could you detail all your expenses on this form?你能把各项开支列在这张表格上吗？❸Both sides agreed to a detailed plan for keeping the peace.双方都同意维护和平的详细方案。❹The meeting was too short to go into detail about the project.这个会议过于简短，未涉及该项目的细节。❺We'd better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.在制订计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。❻Do not give any technical details about/of the product at this stage.在本阶段不要透露此产品任何技术细节。[误区警示] detail作“(某事物的)资料，信息”讲时，常用复数形式。full details详情give details about透露……的消息further/more details更进一步的/更多的信息[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He doesn't wish to go ________ detail about all the events of those days.②We examine the wording ________ detail before deciding on the final text.③The ________ (detail) of the plan are still being worked out.④Yesterday's letter contains a ________ (detail) account of the decisions.⑤He ________ (detail) my new duties to me this morning.12)overnight adv.突然，一下子；在晚上 adj.晚上的；很快的) (教材原句)There are no shortcuts—no one can become a longdistance runner overnight！跑步没有捷径——没有人能在一夜之间成为长跑选手！rise/shoot to fame overnight 一夜之间成名change overnight 一夜之间改变overnight success 突然间的成功an overnight millionaire 暴发户❶This development did not take place overnight.这一发展不是一夜之间发生的。❷After staying overnight in Beijing, we visited the Great Wall.在北京过夜后，我们参观了长城。❸She took the overnight train to New York.她乘晚上的火车去纽约。❹The show was an overnight success on Broadway.在百老汇的这场演出一炮打响。,[即学即练] 写出句中overnight的词性及含义①The actress won overnight fame with her first film.____________②His plans were transformed overnight into reality.____________③I stayed overnight at a friend's house.____________完成句子④Many people in the film industry dream of ________________________ (一夜成名).13)achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的[→achieve vt.实现；(尤指经过努力)取得，达到 achievement n．[C]成就，功绩，成绩；[U]达到，完成]) (教材原句)Set achievable goals.设定能达到的目标。(1)achieve success 获得成功achieve one's goal/aim 达到某人的目标(2)make an achievement in... 在……方面取得成就a sense of achievement 成就感❶Goals should be focused on what is achievable.目标应着眼于能实现的事。❷It's often a good idea to start with smaller, easily achievable goals.比较小的、容易实现的目标做开端往往是个好主意。❸You can only achieve success through hard work.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。❹Asian people can also make some achievements in track and field.亚洲人也可以在田径领域取得一些成就。❺Bringing up a child alone should give you a sense of achievement.独自抚养一个孩子应该会给你成就感。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①A 50% market share is ________ (achieve).②It was a remarkable ________ (achieve) for such a young player.③This is ________ achievement without equal in modern times.④I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but ________ (achieve) goals.⑤I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, ________ (achieve) the blackandwhite image.14)amount n．数量，数额 vi.总计；等于) (1)a large/small amount of (＋不可数名词) 大量/少量的……the amount of (＋不可数名词) ……的数量in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地reduce the amount of fat 减少脂肪量in amount 在数量上；总之，总计(2)amount to 合计；总共达到；等于；等同于❶He needs that amount of money to survive.他需要那笔钱来维持生活。❷Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.胖版的和瘦版的演员都吃了大量的食物。❸The total cost of repairs amounted to 100 dollars.修理费用总计一百美元。❹This amounts to doing the whole thing over again.这就等于要把整个事情重做一遍。❺Your information is large in amount but poor in quality.你的资料量多质差。❻But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined.但是每次阅读所花费的时间已经减少了。❼He withdraws money from the bank in large amounts.他从银行里取出一大笔钱。❽A large amount of money has been spent on the building.一大笔钱已花在那栋楼上。❾Large amounts of money have been spent on the building.大笔钱已花在那栋楼上。[说明] “许多，大量”的多种表达：(1)a good/great many/a large/great number of/quite a few＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词(2)many a(n)＋可数名词单数＋单数谓语动词(3)a great/good deal of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（4）a lot of/lots of/, plenty of)) eq \a\vs4\al\co1(＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词,＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词) (5)a large/small quantity of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a large/small quantity of＋可数名词复数,large/small quantities of＋\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(不可数名词,可数名词复数)))) ＋复数谓语动词[误区警示] a large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词large amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语动词谓语动词的数与amount的单数复数形式保持一致[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The loss from the flood ________ (amount) to ten million dollars.②This kind of food should be eaten ________ small amounts.③Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these ________ (amount) were forbidding to most citizens.④It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount ________．⑤Keeping silent in this case amounts to ________ (support) the speaker.⑥He has ________ large amount of mail to answer every day.⑦Many a mother ________ (try) to act out her unrealised dreams through her daughter.完成句子⑧Her answer ________________ (等同于) a complete disagreement.15)satisfaction n．满足，满意；使人满足的事物，令人满意的事；乐事 satisfy vt.使满足；使满意) (教材原句)Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that...没什么比意识到……更令人满足了。(1)to one's satisfaction 使某人感到满意的是with satisfaction 满意地find/feel satisfaction in/at... 对……感到满意be far from satisfaction 令人很不满意get satisfaction from sth. 从某事中得到满足express satisfaction 表示满意a sense/feeling of satisfaction 满足感a smile/look of satisfaction 满足的笑容/神情the satisfaction of basic human needs 人类基本需求的满足(2)be satisfied with 对……感到满意be satisfied to do sth.＝be content to do sth.＝be pleased to do sth. 对做某事感到满意❶To her satisfaction, her daughter made great progress.令她满意的是，她的女儿取得了很大的进步。❷Looking into the mirror, I smiled to myself with satisfaction.看着镜子，我对自己满意地笑了笑。❸They learn to find satisfaction in what they do.他们学会在他们所做的事情中找到满足。❹Swimming was one of her greatest satisfactions.游泳是她最大的乐趣之一。❺We always satisfy our customers with good service.我们总是以良好的服务来满足顾客。❻I am not satisfied with your work; you must improve it.我对你的工作不满意，你必须加以改进。❼Wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories.观赏野生动物也能制造愉快的回忆。[拓展] satisfy vt.使满意，使满足satisfied adj.感到满意的satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The result of the test ________ (satisfy) the teachers.②She can look back on her career with great ________ (satisfy).③They find great satisfaction ________ improving the quality of life for people.④________ a smile of satisfaction on his face he said, “There! How does that feel？”⑤Though I had a lot of experience and a Master's Degree, I could not find ________ (satisfy) work.⑥When she had finished her meal, she gave a ________ (satisfy) smile.⑦________ my satisfaction, my brother has made great progress in English in the past two months.⑧He was enjoying all the ________ (satisfaction) of being a parent.⑨Satisfied ________ what I answered, my English teacher nodded with a smile.⑩She got great ________ (satisfy) from helping people to learn.⑪The manager was satisfied ________ (see) many new products developed after great effort.16)overdo vt.把……做得过火；过多使用；使过于疲劳；烹煮时间过长) (教材原句)Training too much can be bad for your health, so make sure you do not overdo it.过度训练对健康有害，所以切记适量运动。❶At your time of life you must be careful not to overdo things.在你这年龄你要小心，做事不要过分。❷Don't overdo the salt in your cooking.做菜时别放太多的盐。❸You should work hard, but don't overdo it and make yourself ill.你应该努力工作，但不可过度把自己累病了。❹The fish was overdone and very dry.鱼烧得过火了，太干了。[归纳梳理] over前缀可与名词或动词等构成新的词汇：(1)overbake v．烘烤过度； overcook v．煮得过久； overeat v．吃得过量； overemphasise v．过分强调； overbalance v．失去平衡； overjoy v．使狂喜； overpay v．多付报酬； oversleep v．睡过头； overhear v．无意中听到； overact v．反应过激； overuse v．使用过度； overvalue v．高估(2)overall adj.全面的，总体的； oversea adj.海外的； overweight adj.超重的,[即学即练] 写出句中overdo的含义①Many people tend to overdo their exercise programmes looking for quick results.____________②Stay away from work till next Tuesday, and don't overdo things.____________③We overdid the meat and it didn't taste good.____________④Do not overdo your privilege of scolding me.____________完成句子⑤The implications of music on ____________________ (整体的健康) are really impressive.►第二版块|重要短语讲解1)cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来) (教材原句)to cheer one up使人振作起来cheer sb. up 让某人高兴/振作起来cheer sb. on (在比赛中)为某人加油Cheers! (祝酒用语)干杯！cheer loudly/wildly 大声欢呼/激动地欢呼cheer for 为……欢呼❶Every time we got to a new place, Mom would cheer up like a child.每次我们到一个新地方，妈妈都会像孩子一样高兴起来。❷Cheer up! Your troubles will soon be over.振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。❸Everyone cheered for the violinist at our school concert.在学校的音乐会上，大家都为小提琴手喝彩叫好。❹To our friendship and health. Cheers!让我们为友谊和健康，干杯！[拓展] cheer for the hero为英雄欢呼cheer over the victory为胜利欢呼cheer after cheer一阵又一阵的喝彩声a cheer from the crowd人群中的欢呼[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Our teachers often cheer us ________ in class every day.②Let's go to the football game and cheer ________ our favourite team.③The crowd cheered the runners ________ as they started on the last lap of the race.完成句子④We did our best to ________________________ (鼓励他) when he was about to give up.2)be fed up with厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的) (教材原句)I'm a bit fed up with getting sick all the time.我有点受够了总是生病。(1)feel a bit fed up 感到有点儿不耐烦be/get fed up with 对……感到厌烦(2)feed...up (用大量食物)养肥……，养壮……feed on (＝live on) (动物)以……为食 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(feed sb./sth. on/with sth.,feed sth. to sb./sth.)) 用……喂……(3)feed back 反馈；反应；反过来影响❶People are fed up with all these traffic jams.人们厌烦这些交通堵塞。❷After working in the business world for a while, Low got fed up.在商界工作了一段时间后，洛厌烦了。❸The machine feeds back everything you need to know.这台机器可以把你所需要知道的全部材料反馈回来。❹Farmers feed kitchen waste to the pigs.农民用厨房里的残羹剩饭喂猪。❺We feed our dog on fresh meat.我们用鲜肉喂狗。❻Certain animals feed on insects.有些动物以昆虫为食。❼The children are feeding the monkey with bananas.孩子们正在给猴子喂香蕉。[拓展] 表示“厌烦”的其他短语：be tired of, be bored with, be sick of[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Bats fly at night and feed ________ insects and fruit.②She is fed up ________ his laziness and carelessness.③The information is fed ________ to the appropriate government department.④The old couple ________ (feed) up with going to the same park every day.⑤They fed egg yolk and other nutritious foods ________ the baby.完成句子⑥We ________________________ (受够了这种天气). It's time we had some sunshine.⑦He is ________________ (养肥) the chickens for Christmas.3)make sure确保；查明，弄清楚) (教材原句)Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart, muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.确保运动量在心脏、肌肉和骨骼的承受范围之内，以免受伤。make sure (that)... 确保；务必make sure of/about (doing) sth. 确保……；弄清楚……❶Whoever leaves the classroom last must make sure that all the windows are shut.不管谁最后离开教室，都必须保证所有的窗户都已关好。❷Make sure of the facts before you write the article.写那篇文章前，一定要先弄清事实。❸You can only be sure of what you have at the moment; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future.你只能确定你现在拥有什么；你不能确定你将来可能得到什么。❹He's not so sure of himself these days.他近来不太自信。(他对自己信心不足。)❺He is sure to be back soon.他不久后一定会回来。(说话人判断他会回来)[易混短语比较] be sure of/about/that...对……有信心/把握(主语自身的信念)be sure to do sth.一定会做某事；务必要做某事(说话者对主语的判断或要求)如：He is sure of success.他自信能成功。(他对成功有把握)He is sure to succeed.他一定能成功。(说话人判断他会成功)[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We'd better start early so that we can arrive early at the station to make sure of ________ (get) tickets.②Please make sure ________ the cause of the accident and then report to the director.③You are sure ________ (success) if you go on working hard. I believe in you!④If you are not sure ________ the answer, say no.⑤I talked to her patiently enough to make sure of her ________ (go) with us.⑥Make sure ________ the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.4)get sth./sb. doing使某物/某人处于某种动作或状态下) (教材原句)A warmup gets your blood flowing faster...热身会促进血液更快地流动……get vt.(使役动词)使……；请求(做)……。常见搭配：get sth./sb. to do sth. (＝have sth./sb. do sth.) 让某物/某人做某事get sth. done (＝have sth. done) 使某事被做；遭遇某事get sth./sb. doing sth. 使/让……做起……来❶Once we got the heater going the car started to warm up.我们一启动加热器，汽车就开始预热。❷The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了一会儿之后，上尉命令士兵们向前线前进。❸It is hard to get him doing his homework before dinner every day.想要让他每天晚饭前做家庭作业是很难的。❹I got him to do his homework before dinner.我让他晚饭前做家庭作业。❺He gets his homework done before dinner every day.他每天晚饭前做完家庭作业。[说明] ·get sth./sb. doing sth.中，现在分词作宾补通常指习惯性、经常性的动作，宾语是动作的发出者；·get sth./sb. to do sth.中，不定式作宾补通常指一次性的，或者是还没有发出的未来的动作，宾语是动作的发出者；·get sth. done中，过去分词作宾补，强调被动性的动作，宾语是动作的承受者。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We got mother ________ (prepare) our lunch.②However, becoming a fulltime, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him ________ (notice).③I shall soon get the machine ________ (work).④We couldn't get him ________ (sign) the agreement.⑤If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone ________ (talk) again is to give the host a compliment.⑥They wanted to get the workers ________ (call) off the strike.►第三版块|疑难句型剖析1)suggest后宾语从句的语气) (教材原句)My friend suggested I should try longdistance running.我的朋友建议我试试长跑。说明 在表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词可归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”，这类虚拟语气由“should＋动词原形”构成， should在美式英语中通常可以省略。❶The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.医生建议他努力减肥。❷We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.我们建议把会议推迟到下周。❸He insisted that I (should) go with them.他坚持要我同他们一起去。❹He ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。❺The doctor advised that he (should) not smoke.医生建议他不要抽烟。❻He requires that I (should) appear.他要求我出场。[拓展] (1)suggest后接宾语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；若谓语动词表示的情况尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气，此时suggest译为“建议”；若谓语动词表示的情况为既成事实，要用陈述语气，此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。He suggested that we (should) leave early.他建议我们提早离开。(虚拟语气)Her expression suggested that she was angry.她的表情表明她生气了。(陈述语气)(2)insist后接宾语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，用虚拟语气；若谓语动词表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，要用陈述语气。He insisted that I (should) read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。He insisted that I had read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①She suggested that I ________ (be) responsible for the arrangements.②I demand that John ________ (go) there at once.③The general commanded that we ________ (attack) at once.④The policeman insisted that he ________ (have) a look.⑤What he said suggested that he ________ (be) a cheat.⑥He insisted that he ________ (do) nothing wrong and refused to make an apology.⑦The committee proposed that Mr Ted ________ (elect).完成句子⑧I suggested that ________________ (他休息), and sent him for an Xray.⑨The magazine suggested, incorrectly, ________________ (他正打算) to announce his retirement.⑩They demanded that working condition ________________ (应该被改善).2)as引导非限制性定语从句) (教材原句)As people often say, any exercise is better than none...正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好……as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构：as we all know (＝as is known to all) 众所周知as sb. imagine/see/note 正如某人想象/看到/提到的那样as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as is often the case 情况常常如此as was expected 正如预料的那样as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸上所报道的那样as has been said before 如前所述as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的那样❶As is known to all, the earth moves round the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。(as在从句中作主语)❷He is a foreigner, as we know from his accent.他是个外国人，我们从他的口音可以知道。(as在从句中作宾语)❸He is absorbed in work, as he often was.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)[说明] ①as引导非限制性定语从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。②as指代整个主句， as意为“正如，如同”。③as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、主句中间或主句之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。④as在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语通常要有be动词或别的系动词。[注意] which引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，只能位于主句之后。which意为“这(件事，一点)”，可用and this/that/it来代替。Li Ming was late, which (＝and this) made Mr Zhang very angry.李明迟到了，这件事使张老师非常生气。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.②A container weighs more after air is put in, ________ proves that air has weight.③________ is often the case with young people, he is overconfident.④We cannot do everything successfully, ________ often happens in life.⑤________ you can imagine, every mistake meant we need to start all over again.完成句子⑥________________________________________ (正如几周前有人在这篇论文中提到的), they eat great food and never gain weight.⑦________________________________________ (就像……经常做的那样) elderly people, Grandpa talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．These measures can ________ (缓解) the pressure on power supply.2．The aim of the meeting is to ________ (加强) the relationship between the two countries.3．Several countries have applied for ________ (成员身份) of the EU.4．With the help of the new medical ________ (设备), the patient recovered quickly.5．She became famous ________ (一夜).6．To our great ________ (满意), our son studies very hard and has made a lot of progress.Ⅱ.短语填空in particular, keep up, prevent...from, be capable of, make sure, cheer up, be/get fed up with, amount to, ache to do, be sure1．We ____________ that someone is responsible for the quality of the product.2．Walking alone in the dark, the guy whistled (吹口哨) to ____________ his courage.3．A lot of attractive places in Beijing attract his attention, the Great Wall ____________．4．A range of measures must be taken to ____________ the clear river ____________ being polluted.5．Actually, the port ____________ dealing with 10 million tons of coal a year.6．Mary couldn't ____________ at the moment because she was in an awkward position.7．All the pupils ____________ too much homework.8．In fact, the President's silence on the matter ____________ a refusal.9．I'm ____________ (tell) her the good news right now.10．I think he ____________ to succeed in the end.Ⅲ.根据语境选择适当的不定代词1．There is ________ wrong with being polite to others. (something/nothing)2．I searched ________ of the drawers for the document, but found nothing. (every one/everyone)3．Has ________ of you been to our city before? (anyone/any one)4．Yvonne is nobody here in town, but I suppose she's ________ in her own village. (somebody/nobody)5．They were all tired, but ________ didn't have a rest. (anyone/any one)Ⅳ.单句语法填空1．The road to research is tough, ________ is often the case in science.2．Larger ________ (amount) of caffeine can cause a problem called caffeinism.3．He had more job ________ (satisfy), a better marriage and was healthier.4．Make sure ________ you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.5．One idea is that sleep helps us ________ (strength) new memories.6．After spending some time looking at all the defensive ________ (equip) at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!7．If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them ________ (turn) brown.8．What's ________ (particular) interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.9．While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us ________ (benefit) Vitamin D．
Section D Lesson 3 Running and FitnessⅠ.基础词汇1．________________ n. 好处，益处 vt.& vi. 有益于，得益于2．________________ vi. 流，流动 n. 流动3．________________ n. 隐痛 v. 疼痛；隐痛4．________________ vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标) n. (对计算机鼠标的)单击(声)5．________________ n. 汗水 v. 出汗，流汗6．________________ adj. 困难的，难办的7．________________ n. 原则，基本的观念；方针；准则8．________________ n. 王子 ________________ adj. 重要的 n. 校长；社长9．________________ n. 肌肉10．________________ n. 氧Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．relieve vt.减轻，缓解→________ n．减轻，缓解2．week n．周→________ adj.一周一次的，每周的3．particular n．尤其，特别 adj.特定的→________ adv.尤其，特别4．member n．会员→________ n．会员身份5．equip vt.装备；使有能力→________ n．设备，装备6．cap vt.胜过，超过→________ adj.能干的；能力强的7．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→________ n．预防；阻止，阻挡8．up adv.& prep.向上；朝，在→________ adj.较上的，上面的9．achieve v．达到，完成→________ adj.可完成的；做得成的10．satisfy v．使满意→________ n．满足，满意11．do v．做→________ vt.把……做得过火12．detail n．细节→________ adj.详细的；细致的；精细的13．guide＋line→________ n．指导方针，指导原则14．short＋cut→________ n．捷径，近路Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)(A) 写出下列短语的汉意1．get in shape ________________2．stay healthy ________________3．relieve tension ________________4．strengthen one's immune system ________________5．cheer up ________________6．in particular ________________7．keep up ________________8．be capable of ________________9．prevent diseases ________________10．as well as ________________11．cool down ________________12．jog slowly for ten minutes ________________13．relax one's body ________________14．principles of running ________________15．scan for specific information ________________16．draw up a training plan ________________17．need special equipment ________________18．increase the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain ________________19．do the right amount ________________20．give good upper and lower body strength ________________21．after all ________________22．Everything is possible! ________________(B)写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语1．________________ 变得健康2．________________ 减少健康问题3．________________ 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的4．________________ 感到难堪5．________________ 运动总比不运动好6．________________ 常见疾病7．________________ 感到沮丧8．________________ 由于压力9．________________ 对……不熟悉/陌生10．________________ 热身(主要做一些舒展动作)11．________________ 树立可行的目标12．________________ 确保13．________________ 最后14．________________ (＝take a break)休息15．________________ 对……有坏处16．________________ 减轻疼痛或紧张17．________________ 进入大学18．________________ 一直19．________________ 消磨时光20．________________ 没有什么比……好Ⅰ.课文思维导图Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．Which of the following is not the benefits of running?A.It will help people get fit.B.It will increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your heart.C.It will strengthen people's immune system.D.It will help people who are upset cheer up.2．What should you do to be a runner?A.Have a gym membership.B.Have some special equipment such as a running machine.C.Have a pair of good running shoes.D.Keep on running for thirty minutes every day.3．Which of the following is not right according to this passage?A.Running can help to reduce the risk of some serious health problems.B.Running can keep people energetic and relieve stress.C.It is necessary to warm up and cool down before and after running.D.If you are tired, you can stop running immediately to have a rest.4．What is the main idea of the passage?A.Any exercise is better than none.B.Longdistance running will benefit a lot.C.How to be a runner.D.The advice to a new runner.Ⅲ.课文语法填空As people often say, any exercise is 1.________ (good) than none, but longdistance running 2.________ particular has a lot of 3.________ (benefit).It is a great sport for beginners—4.________ you need is just a pair of good running shoes. Then, keep it up.Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. It will benefit your heart and brain a lot. It also 5.________ (strength) your immune system and reduces the risk of serious health problems, as well as more common illnesses like colds. Besides, anybody 6.________ is feeling down can go for a run 7.________ (cheer) themselves up.If you are new to running, here 8.________ (be) some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down 9.________ (proper) before and after running，so you do not hurt 10.________ (you).[词汇注释]①in particular尤其，特别※particular/pə'tɪkjələ/n. 尤其，特别 adj. 特定的②benefit/'benɪfɪt/n. 好处，益处③membership/'membəʃɪp/n.会员身份④equipment/ɪ'kwɪpmənt/n.设备，装备⑤keep up坚持下去，继续下去⑥a way to do sth.做某事的方法※a way of doing sth.做某事的方法⑦be capable of有能力做※capable/'keɪpəbəl/adj. 能干的；能力强的⑧worry about担心⑨get fit变得健康※keep fit保持健康⑩prevent/prɪ'vent/vt.预防；阻止，阻挡※prevent...from...阻止……做……⑪disease/dɪ'ziːz/n.疾病※prevent diseases预防疾病⑫upper/'ʌpə/adj.较上的，上面的※lower adj.下面的，下方的⑬flow/fləʊ/vi.流，流动 n.流动⑭oxygen/'ɒksɪdʒən/n. 氧⑮allow sth. to...允许某物……⑯immune system免疫系统※immune/ɪ'mjuːn/adj.免疫的；有免疫力的system/'sɪstɪm/n.系统⑰as well as也，此外⑱go for a run去跑步⑲cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来※cheer oneself up让自己振作起来⑳relief/rɪ'liːf/n.减轻，缓解※provide relief from...缓解…… eq \o(○,\s\up1(21)) ache/eɪk/n. 隐痛 eq \o(○,\s\up1(22)) due to因为，由于 eq \o(○,\s\up1(23)) be new to sth.对……不熟悉/陌生 eq \o(○,\s\up1(24)) warm up热身 eq \o(○,\s\up1(25)) cool down使冷却下来；冷静下来 eq \o(○,\s\up1(26)) guideline/'ɡaɪdlaɪn/n. 指导方针，指导原则※the guidelines on sth.有关某事的指导建议 eq \o(○,\s\up1(27)) click/klɪk/vi. & vt.点击(鼠标)[教材原文]Hi Jeremy，Thanks for your question. As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but longdistance running in particular① has a lot of benefits②.It is a great sport for beginners—you do not need a gym membership③ or any special equipment④. Just a pair of good running shoes will do. Then, keep it up⑤. There is also no better[1] way to⑥ know yourself and to see what you are capable of⑦. eq \a\vs4\al([1]“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义) You are also somebody who worries about⑧ getting sick [2]. Running will help you get fit⑨ and prevent⑩ diseases⑪. It will give you good upper⑫ and lower body strength. Like any exercise, running increases the flow⑬ of blood and oxygen⑭ to your brain. It makes your heart stronger and allows more blood to⑮ flow around your body. It also strengthens your immune system⑯ and reduces the risk of serious health problems, as well as⑰ more common illnesses like colds. Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run⑱ to cheer themselves up⑲. Even a thirtyminute run will provide relief⑳ from achesB21 or tension that you may be suffering[3] due toB22 stress.[2]who引导定语从句，修饰somebody[3]that引导定语从句，修饰aches or tensionIf you are new toB23 running, here is some advice for you—it is important to warm upB24 and cool downB25 properly before and after running, so you do not hurt yourself. A warmup gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise. After a long run, you should jog slowly for ten minutes, then walk for five minutes. Such kind of warmdown relaxes your body after exercise.For more guidelinesB26 on running, clickB27 here. I hope this will help[4]! eq \a\vs4\al([4]vi.有帮助) Best Regards，Dr. Martin[汉语译文]嗨！杰瑞米：感谢你的问题。正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别(in particular)是长跑有很多益处(benefit)。对于初学者来说，这是一项很棒的运动，你不需要健身房会员(membership)或任何特殊的设备(equipment)。只要一双好跑鞋就行了。然后，坚持。跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到(be capable of)哪一步。你像很多人一样，也担心自己有生病的风险。跑步会帮助你变得健康并预防(prevent)疾病(disease)。它会让你拥有很棒的上(upper)肢和下肢力量。像任何运动一样，跑步会增加血液流通(flow)并向大脑输送氧气(oxygen)。它让你的心脏更强壮，并加速血液流动。它还能强化你的免疫系统(immune system)，降低患严重健康问题的风险，以及患常见疾病的几率，例如感冒。此外，心情低落的人会选择跑步让自己振作起来(cheer up)。即使跑30分钟也能缓解(relief)你因压力而感到的疼痛(ache)或紧张。如果你刚开始跑步，我有一些建议给你——跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松活动很重要，这样你就不会伤到自己。热身会促进血液更快地流动，在运动前让你的身体做好准备。长跑后，你应该再慢跑十分钟，然后步行五分钟。这种舒缓运动可以使身体在运动后得到放松。有关跑步的更多指导(guideline)，请点击(click)此处。希望能有所帮助！致以最好的问候，马丁博士►第一版块|重点单词诠释1)relieve vt.减轻，缓解；解除；使宽心，使宽慰 relief n．减轻，缓解；宽慰) (教材原句)to relieve tension缓解紧张(1)relieve stress 减轻压力relieve pain 缓解疼痛relieve the symptoms of a cold 减轻感冒症状(2)relieve...from... 从……中解除/减轻……be relieved to do sth. 因做某事而感到欣慰(sb.) be relieved that... ……(某人)感到宽慰/放心(3)in relief 如释重负；松了口气with relief 欣慰地to one's relief 使某人欣慰的是give sb. relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦for the relief of... 为了救济……；为了减轻……breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气disaster relief 赈灾relief work 救济工作❶Write home as often as possible so as to relieve your mother from anxiety.尽量多给家里写信，免得你母亲牵肠挂肚。❷We were relieved to hear that she was out of danger.听说她脱险了，我们的心才放下来。❸This medicine will relieve your headache.这药将减轻你的头痛。❹Mother was relieved that you had come back safely.你平安归来了，妈妈感到宽慰了。❺Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve her.能在最后讲出真话似乎让她倍感轻松。❻She smiled in relief after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University.听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。❼It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop halfway.这让我松了一口气，在半路突然停了下来。[联想] relieve v. →relief n．宽慰believe v．→belief n．信任[句式] It is a relief to do sth.做某事令人欣慰。What a relief！终于放心了！/可轻松了！[特别提醒] to one's relief使某人欣慰的是，为了强调，可在to前面加much或者在relief前面加great，意为“使某人非常欣慰的是”。相同用法的词还有surprise, joy, regret等。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He ________ (relieve) of his post.②She seemed ________ (relieve) that things were better.③I was relieved ________ (see) them back.④The novels may relieve me ________ stress, but I should have focused on study.⑤________ her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after the operation.完成句子⑥世界粮食计划署的一个功能是缓解世界范围的饥饿。One of the functions of the World Food Programme is ________________ worldwide starvation.⑦这能减轻你的压力，不必总想着逗她开心。This can ____________________ on you to provide entertainment for her.⑧认识洛依德医生也是极大的安慰，里德太太请他为她的仆人们看病。It was also ____________________ recognize Dr Lloyd, who Mrs Reed called in for her servants.2)strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健；加强；增强 strength n．力量；力气；长处(可数名词) strong adj.强壮的；坚强的) (教材原句)to strengthen one's immune system增强某人的免疫系统(1)strengthen friendship 增进友谊strengthen one's health 增强体质strengthen the position in the company 巩固在公司的地位(2)with all one's strength 全力；用全部力气strengths and weaknesses 长处和弱点advantages and eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(disadvantages,shortcomings)) 优点和缺陷❶The wind strengthened during the night.夜里风刮得更大了。❷Cycling is good exercise. It strengthens all the muscles of the body.骑自行车是好的锻炼。它使全身肌肉变得强健。❸We will strengthen the protection of wetland.我们将加强湿地保护。❹Your words strengthened my courage.你的话增强了我的勇气。❺He pushed against the rock with all his strength.他用全力推那块石头。❻These were the strengths and weaknesses of his argument.这些就是他的论点的长处和弱点。[归纳梳理] 构词法：后缀en构成动词的用法n./adj.＋en→v.(使……；使……变成)strength n．力量→strengthen v．(使)强健；加强length n．长度→lengthen v．(使)变长fright n．恐怖；惊吓→frighten vt.使惊吓weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v．(使)变弱；削弱；减弱deep adj.深的→deepen v．加深wide adj.宽的→widen v．加宽sharp adj.锋利的→sharpen v．(使)变锋利loose adj.疏松的；宽松的→loosen v．变松；松开short adj.短的→shorten v．(使)变短quick adj.快的→quicken v．(使)加快dark adj.黑暗的→darken v．(使)变暗，变黑broad adj.宽的→broaden v．(使)变宽[注意] 也有用形容词比较级形式加en构成动词的，如：lessen减弱worsen恶化，(使)变得更坏[即学即练] 单句语法填空①________ (strength) selfdiscipline and be smart online learners.②His back ________ (strengthen) with exercise.③The bridge must ________ (strengthen).④Now that you've listed your ________ (strength), list your imperfections (缺点).⑤Write a poem about how courage, determination, and ________ (strong) have helped you face challenges in your life.⑥The ________ (long) of your talk must be at least 10 minutes.⑦He threatened the intruders with a gun and ________ (fright) them off.⑧The project would ________ (deep) the river from 400 to 45 feet, to allow for larger ships.3)weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的 n．周刊，周报 adv.每周；一周一次) (教材原句)I do two weekly runs.我每周跑步两次。weekly magazine/newspaper/report 周刊/周报/每周报告entertainment weekly 娱乐周刊；娱乐周报；每周娱乐English Weekly 英语周报weekly wage 周薪❶He writes a weekly email to his parents.他每周给父母写一封邮件。❷I take in two dailies and one weekly.我订阅两份日报和一份周刊。❸Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.记录并每周评估一次。❹Employees are paid weekly.雇员按周领工资。[归纳梳理] daily adj.日常的；每天的；按日的 n．日报 adv.每天monthly adj.每月的；按月计的 n．月刊 adv.每月一次yearly adj.每年(一次)的；年度的 adv.每年；一年一度[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We go and do the ________ (week) shopping every Thursday.②The publishers planned to produce the journal on a ________ (week) basis.③The seven major industrial countries will have their ________ (year) meeting in London.④You can be paid in cash ________ (week) or by cheque ________ (month); those are the two alternatives.4)awkward adj.令人尴尬的；笨拙的；别扭的；难对付的 awkwardly adv.尴尬的；笨拙地 awkwardness n．尴尬；笨拙) (教材原句)And I feel awkward failing PE exams.体育课不及格让我为难。an awkward question 棘手的问题an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默an awkward situation 尴尬的境地an awkward instrument 使用不便的工具an awkward customer 难对付的顾客an awkward child (动作)笨拙的孩子an awkward excuse 拙劣的借口❶She was awkward about giving us further credit.她为给我们进一步地增加贷款而为难。❷He stood awkwardly in the doorway, not sure what to say.他尴尬地站在门口，不知道该说什么。❸She laughed to cover up her feeling of awkwardness.她用笑声掩饰她的难堪。[拓展] feel awkward感到尴尬be/feel awkward about对……感到不自在be awkward with与……一起感到不自在be awkward at/in在……方面技巧拙劣put sb. in an awkward position使某人处于尴尬的境地,[语境助记] Your decision puts me in an awkward position.你的决定把我弄得很尴尬。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①There was a time when people may have felt awkward ________ asking for a table for one, but those days are over.②In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, lighthearted apology to explain your ________ (awkward).③We really have been put in ________ awkward position because of this.④He laughs a little ________ (awkward), and it's easy to see why he's worried.5)particular n．细节；详情 adj.特定的；不寻常的，特别的；讲究的，挑剔的) (教材原句)．..but longdistance running in particular has a lot of benefits.……特别是长跑有很多益处。in particular＝particularly 尤其，特别be particular about... 对……讲究/挑剔be particular to... 是……特有的something/nothing particular 特别的事/没什么特别的事a particular smell 特殊气味be particular about clothes 对衣着很讲究be particular about economic benefits 讲究经济效益be particular to the tropics 热带地区特有的❶She likes fruit and apples in particular.她喜欢水果，尤其是苹果。❷The British are rather particular about table manners.英国人对餐桌礼仪是十分讲究的。❸Ted was very particular about the colours he used.泰德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的。[拓展]particularly adv.特别，尤其particularity n．特性；个性；讲究[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Why should he notice her car ________ particular?②Mr Chen is quite particular ________ his ties.③Keep your office space looking good, ________ (particular) your desk.④Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its ________ (particular), early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena.6)benefit n．好处，益处 vt.使受益，对……有用 vi.有益于，得益于→beneficial adj.有益的) (1)be of benefit to (＝be beneficial to) 对……有好处for the benefit of (＝for one's benefit) 为了……的利益(2)A benefits B A对B有益B benefits from A B从A中获益(3)be beneficial to... 对……有益❶The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.新规章将使所有相关人员受益。❷It was for the benefit of your company that we did that.我们那样做都是为了你们公司的利益。❸The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town.新医院会给这个镇带来极大的好处。❹The new hospital will benefit the entire community.新医院将有益于整个社区。❺Going to school would benefit him.＝He would benefit from going to school.上学对他有好处。❻A good diet is beneficial to health.良好的饮食有益于健康。[一言助记] I suggest you give up smoking for the benefit of your health. I believe that giving up smoking will be of benefit/be beneficial to you and it will also benefit your family a lot. In other words, your family will benefit from your stopping smoking. Especially heavy smokers will find the experience even more beneficial to them.为了你的健康，我建议你戒烟。我相信戒烟对你和你的家人都大有好处。换句话说，你的家人将从你的戒烟中受益。特别是重度吸烟者会发现这种经历对他们更有益。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Race walking shares many fitness ________ (benefit) with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.②We benefited greatly ________ this frank talk.③It can be ________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.④There is no doubt that being honest is ________ the benefit of the country and the individual.⑤Sunshine is beneficial ________ health.⑥The cause of education is ________ benefit to the people.⑦That the mental health benefits ________ music can't be argued.完成句子⑧You need people working ____________________ (为了……的利益) the community.⑨She made a good suggestion which ________________________________ (对同学们有益), so we have adopted it.7)equipment n．[U]设备，装备 equip vt.装备；具备；使有所准备/使有能力) (教材原句)It is a great sport for beginners—you do not need a gym membership or any special equipment.对于初学者来说，这是一项很棒的运动，你不需要健身房会员或任何特殊的设备。(1)set up the equipment 安装设备a piece of equipment 一件设备camping equipment 露营装备office equipment 办公室设备computer equipment 计算机设备medical equipment 医疗设备necessary equipment 必要的设备(2)equip sb./sth. to do sth. 使某人/某物具备条件做某事equip for... 为……做准备equip sb. for sth. 使某人能胜任某事equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物be equipped with... 配备……(表示状态)❶The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.这家医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使更多的病人能够得到治疗。❷This factory has imported a piece of equipment this year.这家工厂今年进口了一台设备。❸Your education will equip you to earn a good living.你所受的教育将使你过上好日子。❹The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。❺He is equipped with much experience in teaching.他具有丰富的教学经验。[误区警示] equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。表示数量时，借用量词piece, a piece of equipment表示“一件设备”。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①They are equipping themselves ________ a journey.②Please equip yourself ________ a pencil and a rubber for the exam.③Owners of restaurants would have to equip them ________ (admit) disabled people.④Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary ________ (equip) with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.⑤They ________ (equip) with new scientific farming ways, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.完成句子⑥At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to ________________________ (具有……的能力) to recognise different facial expressions in humans.8)capable adj.能干的；能力强的(→capably adv.能干地 capability n．能力；才能；性能)) (教材原句)There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。(1)be capable of... 具有……的能力；能……的be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事a strong capable woman 一个坚强能干的女人capable hands 能手，高手(用于指具有某种高超技艺的人)(2)have eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(the capability of doing/to do sth., 有能力做某事,no capability to do sth. 没有能力做某事)) ❶Only human beings are capable of speech.只有人类才具有说话的能力。❷The car is capable of carrying five persons.这辆汽车可搭载5人。❸She's a very capable speaker.她是一个非常有能力的演说者。❹As a scientist, he has the capability of doing important research.作为一名科学家，他有能力从事重大的研究工作。❺He had no capability to deal with the matter.他没有能力处理那件事。❻The engineer explained the plane's technical capabilities.工程师讲解了该飞机的技术性能。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①No one ever questioned her ________ (capable).②Anne was intelligent and capable ________ passing her exams with ease.③You have the capability ________ (do) this job well.④Most children are able ________ (walk) before they are able to talk.⑤He is a manager having ________ capability of leadership.⑥It was all dealt with very ________ (capable) by the police and security people.⑦Her ________ (capable) were always there; all she needed was an opening to show them.9)prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡(→prevention n．预防；阻止；妨碍 preventive adj.预防性的，防备的)) (教材原句)Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases.跑步会帮助你变得健康并预防疾病。prevent...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事❶As always, you should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.和往常一样，你应该在每次跑步前伸展至少十分钟，以防受伤。❷A squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.在香蕉上挤一点儿新鲜的柠檬汁将会防止香蕉变成褐色。❸We are prevented/stopped/kept by the frightening sandstorm from going to school independently.可怕的沙尘暴使我们无法独立去上学。❹Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。❺This accident serves to show the importance of taking preventive measures.这次事故说明了采取预防措施的重要性。[误区警示] (1)以上三个短语用于主动语态时，keep...from doing sth.中的from不能省略，因为keep...doing...表示“使……一直做……”。(2)用于被动语态时，以上三个短语中的from都不能省略。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①They ________ (prevent) from entering the building.②The findings show a critical need to invest in disaster ________ (prevent).③We must take ________ (prevent) measures to reduce crime in the area.④At night vehicles were stopped ________ entering the city centre.⑤Don't let the drive for perfection keep you ________ doing something great.完成句子⑥I have come now, and I hope I haven't ________________________ (让您等太久)！10)ache n．隐痛；(身体某部位的)疼痛 v．隐痛，疼痛；渴望 aching adj.疼痛的) (教材原句)Even a thirtyminute run will provide relief from aches or tension...即使跑30分钟也能缓解疼痛或紧张……(1)a headache 头疼a toothache 牙疼a stomach ache 胃痛the ache of his loneliness 他的孤寂之苦(2)ache for 渴望得到；想念ache to do sth. 渴望做某事❶She felt an ache in her back.她感到后背隐隐作痛。❷The little girl aches for her mother's love.这个小女孩渴望得到妈妈的爱。❸He is aching for his mother.他想念他的妈妈。❹She is aching to join in the game.她渴望参加比赛。❺After climbing the mountain, I ached all over.爬山以后，我感觉周身疼痛。❻I laid my aching head back on the pillow and closed my eyes.我又把阵阵疼痛的头靠在枕头上，闭上了眼。[比较] ache/pain·ache指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛，常常是隐痛。ache可以和表示身体一部分的名词构成复合词，如toothache, stomachache, backache, headache等；·pain可与ache换用，但pain既可指一般疼痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身，时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①I was aching ________ (tell) you all my news.②She ________ (ache) at the thought of what might happen to her husband.③The children ached ________ a sight of the parade.④He suffered from his ________ (ache) teeth.选词填空：pain/ache⑤Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of ________．⑥If I hold it for an hour, I'll have a(n) ________ in my arm.11)detail n．细节；资料[pl.]vt.详述；详细说明(→detailed adj.详细的，细致的)) in detail＝detailedly 详细地go into detail(s) 详细叙述；逐一说明have an eye for detail 善于捕捉细节❶If you're interested in the job, I'll send you all the details.如果你对这份工作感兴趣，我将寄给你全部的资料。❷Could you detail all your expenses on this form?你能把各项开支列在这张表格上吗？❸Both sides agreed to a detailed plan for keeping the peace.双方都同意维护和平的详细方案。❹The meeting was too short to go into detail about the project.这个会议过于简短，未涉及该项目的细节。❺We'd better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.在制订计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。❻Do not give any technical details about/of the product at this stage.在本阶段不要透露此产品任何技术细节。[误区警示] detail作“(某事物的)资料，信息”讲时，常用复数形式。full details详情give details about透露……的消息further/more details更进一步的/更多的信息[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He doesn't wish to go ________ detail about all the events of those days.②We examine the wording ________ detail before deciding on the final text.③The ________ (detail) of the plan are still being worked out.④Yesterday's letter contains a ________ (detail) account of the decisions.⑤He ________ (detail) my new duties to me this morning.12)overnight adv.突然，一下子；在晚上 adj.晚上的；很快的) (教材原句)There are no shortcuts—no one can become a longdistance runner overnight！跑步没有捷径——没有人能在一夜之间成为长跑选手！rise/shoot to fame overnight 一夜之间成名change overnight 一夜之间改变overnight success 突然间的成功an overnight millionaire 暴发户❶This development did not take place overnight.这一发展不是一夜之间发生的。❷After staying overnight in Beijing, we visited the Great Wall.在北京过夜后，我们参观了长城。❸She took the overnight train to New York.她乘晚上的火车去纽约。❹The show was an overnight success on Broadway.在百老汇的这场演出一炮打响。,[即学即练] 写出句中overnight的词性及含义①The actress won overnight fame with her first film.____________②His plans were transformed overnight into reality.____________③I stayed overnight at a friend's house.____________完成句子④Many people in the film industry dream of ________________________ (一夜成名).13)achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的[→achieve vt.实现；(尤指经过努力)取得，达到 achievement n．[C]成就，功绩，成绩；[U]达到，完成]) (教材原句)Set achievable goals.设定能达到的目标。(1)achieve success 获得成功achieve one's goal/aim 达到某人的目标(2)make an achievement in... 在……方面取得成就a sense of achievement 成就感❶Goals should be focused on what is achievable.目标应着眼于能实现的事。❷It's often a good idea to start with smaller, easily achievable goals.比较小的、容易实现的目标做开端往往是个好主意。❸You can only achieve success through hard work.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。❹Asian people can also make some achievements in track and field.亚洲人也可以在田径领域取得一些成就。❺Bringing up a child alone should give you a sense of achievement.独自抚养一个孩子应该会给你成就感。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①A 50% market share is ________ (achieve).②It was a remarkable ________ (achieve) for such a young player.③This is ________ achievement without equal in modern times.④I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but ________ (achieve) goals.⑤I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, ________ (achieve) the blackandwhite image.14)amount n．数量，数额 vi.总计；等于) (1)a large/small amount of (＋不可数名词) 大量/少量的……the amount of (＋不可数名词) ……的数量in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地reduce the amount of fat 减少脂肪量in amount 在数量上；总之，总计(2)amount to 合计；总共达到；等于；等同于❶He needs that amount of money to survive.他需要那笔钱来维持生活。❷Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.胖版的和瘦版的演员都吃了大量的食物。❸The total cost of repairs amounted to 100 dollars.修理费用总计一百美元。❹This amounts to doing the whole thing over again.这就等于要把整个事情重做一遍。❺Your information is large in amount but poor in quality.你的资料量多质差。❻But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined.但是每次阅读所花费的时间已经减少了。❼He withdraws money from the bank in large amounts.他从银行里取出一大笔钱。❽A large amount of money has been spent on the building.一大笔钱已花在那栋楼上。❾Large amounts of money have been spent on the building.大笔钱已花在那栋楼上。[说明] “许多，大量”的多种表达：(1)a good/great many/a large/great number of/quite a few＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词(2)many a(n)＋可数名词单数＋单数谓语动词(3)a great/good deal of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(（4）a lot of/lots of/, plenty of)) eq \a\vs4\al\co1(＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词,＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词) (5)a large/small quantity of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(a large/small quantity of＋可数名词复数,large/small quantities of＋\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(不可数名词,可数名词复数)))) ＋复数谓语动词[误区警示] a large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词large amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语动词谓语动词的数与amount的单数复数形式保持一致[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The loss from the flood ________ (amount) to ten million dollars.②This kind of food should be eaten ________ small amounts.③Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these ________ (amount) were forbidding to most citizens.④It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount ________．⑤Keeping silent in this case amounts to ________ (support) the speaker.⑥He has ________ large amount of mail to answer every day.⑦Many a mother ________ (try) to act out her unrealised dreams through her daughter.完成句子⑧Her answer ________________ (等同于) a complete disagreement.15)satisfaction n．满足，满意；使人满足的事物，令人满意的事；乐事 satisfy vt.使满足；使满意) (教材原句)Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that...没什么比意识到……更令人满足了。(1)to one's satisfaction 使某人感到满意的是with satisfaction 满意地find/feel satisfaction in/at... 对……感到满意be far from satisfaction 令人很不满意get satisfaction from sth. 从某事中得到满足express satisfaction 表示满意a sense/feeling of satisfaction 满足感a smile/look of satisfaction 满足的笑容/神情the satisfaction of basic human needs 人类基本需求的满足(2)be satisfied with 对……感到满意be satisfied to do sth.＝be content to do sth.＝be pleased to do sth. 对做某事感到满意❶To her satisfaction, her daughter made great progress.令她满意的是，她的女儿取得了很大的进步。❷Looking into the mirror, I smiled to myself with satisfaction.看着镜子，我对自己满意地笑了笑。❸They learn to find satisfaction in what they do.他们学会在他们所做的事情中找到满足。❹Swimming was one of her greatest satisfactions.游泳是她最大的乐趣之一。❺We always satisfy our customers with good service.我们总是以良好的服务来满足顾客。❻I am not satisfied with your work; you must improve it.我对你的工作不满意，你必须加以改进。❼Wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories.观赏野生动物也能制造愉快的回忆。[拓展] satisfy vt.使满意，使满足satisfied adj.感到满意的satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The result of the test ________ (satisfy) the teachers.②She can look back on her career with great ________ (satisfy).③They find great satisfaction ________ improving the quality of life for people.④________ a smile of satisfaction on his face he said, “There! How does that feel？”⑤Though I had a lot of experience and a Master's Degree, I could not find ________ (satisfy) work.⑥When she had finished her meal, she gave a ________ (satisfy) smile.⑦________ my satisfaction, my brother has made great progress in English in the past two months.⑧He was enjoying all the ________ (satisfaction) of being a parent.⑨Satisfied ________ what I answered, my English teacher nodded with a smile.⑩She got great ________ (satisfy) from helping people to learn.⑪The manager was satisfied ________ (see) many new products developed after great effort.16)overdo vt.把……做得过火；过多使用；使过于疲劳；烹煮时间过长) (教材原句)Training too much can be bad for your health, so make sure you do not overdo it.过度训练对健康有害，所以切记适量运动。❶At your time of life you must be careful not to overdo things.在你这年龄你要小心，做事不要过分。❷Don't overdo the salt in your cooking.做菜时别放太多的盐。❸You should work hard, but don't overdo it and make yourself ill.你应该努力工作，但不可过度把自己累病了。❹The fish was overdone and very dry.鱼烧得过火了，太干了。[归纳梳理] over前缀可与名词或动词等构成新的词汇：(1)overbake v．烘烤过度； overcook v．煮得过久； overeat v．吃得过量； overemphasise v．过分强调； overbalance v．失去平衡； overjoy v．使狂喜； overpay v．多付报酬； oversleep v．睡过头； overhear v．无意中听到； overact v．反应过激； overuse v．使用过度； overvalue v．高估(2)overall adj.全面的，总体的； oversea adj.海外的； overweight adj.超重的,[即学即练] 写出句中overdo的含义①Many people tend to overdo their exercise programmes looking for quick results.____________②Stay away from work till next Tuesday, and don't overdo things.____________③We overdid the meat and it didn't taste good.____________④Do not overdo your privilege of scolding me.____________完成句子⑤The implications of music on ____________________ (整体的健康) are really impressive.►第二版块|重要短语讲解1)cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来) (教材原句)to cheer one up使人振作起来cheer sb. up 让某人高兴/振作起来cheer sb. on (在比赛中)为某人加油Cheers! (祝酒用语)干杯！cheer loudly/wildly 大声欢呼/激动地欢呼cheer for 为……欢呼❶Every time we got to a new place, Mom would cheer up like a child.每次我们到一个新地方，妈妈都会像孩子一样高兴起来。❷Cheer up! Your troubles will soon be over.振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。❸Everyone cheered for the violinist at our school concert.在学校的音乐会上，大家都为小提琴手喝彩叫好。❹To our friendship and health. Cheers!让我们为友谊和健康，干杯！[拓展] cheer for the hero为英雄欢呼cheer over the victory为胜利欢呼cheer after cheer一阵又一阵的喝彩声a cheer from the crowd人群中的欢呼[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Our teachers often cheer us ________ in class every day.②Let's go to the football game and cheer ________ our favourite team.③The crowd cheered the runners ________ as they started on the last lap of the race.完成句子④We did our best to ________________________ (鼓励他) when he was about to give up.2)be fed up with厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的) (教材原句)I'm a bit fed up with getting sick all the time.我有点受够了总是生病。(1)feel a bit fed up 感到有点儿不耐烦be/get fed up with 对……感到厌烦(2)feed...up (用大量食物)养肥……，养壮……feed on (＝live on) (动物)以……为食 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(feed sb./sth. on/with sth.,feed sth. to sb./sth.)) 用……喂……(3)feed back 反馈；反应；反过来影响❶People are fed up with all these traffic jams.人们厌烦这些交通堵塞。❷After working in the business world for a while, Low got fed up.在商界工作了一段时间后，洛厌烦了。❸The machine feeds back everything you need to know.这台机器可以把你所需要知道的全部材料反馈回来。❹Farmers feed kitchen waste to the pigs.农民用厨房里的残羹剩饭喂猪。❺We feed our dog on fresh meat.我们用鲜肉喂狗。❻Certain animals feed on insects.有些动物以昆虫为食。❼The children are feeding the monkey with bananas.孩子们正在给猴子喂香蕉。[拓展] 表示“厌烦”的其他短语：be tired of, be bored with, be sick of[即学即练] 单句语法填空①Bats fly at night and feed ________ insects and fruit.②She is fed up ________ his laziness and carelessness.③The information is fed ________ to the appropriate government department.④The old couple ________ (feed) up with going to the same park every day.⑤They fed egg yolk and other nutritious foods ________ the baby.完成句子⑥We ________________________ (受够了这种天气). It's time we had some sunshine.⑦He is ________________ (养肥) the chickens for Christmas.3)make sure确保；查明，弄清楚) (教材原句)Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart, muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.确保运动量在心脏、肌肉和骨骼的承受范围之内，以免受伤。make sure (that)... 确保；务必make sure of/about (doing) sth. 确保……；弄清楚……❶Whoever leaves the classroom last must make sure that all the windows are shut.不管谁最后离开教室，都必须保证所有的窗户都已关好。❷Make sure of the facts before you write the article.写那篇文章前，一定要先弄清事实。❸You can only be sure of what you have at the moment; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future.你只能确定你现在拥有什么；你不能确定你将来可能得到什么。❹He's not so sure of himself these days.他近来不太自信。(他对自己信心不足。)❺He is sure to be back soon.他不久后一定会回来。(说话人判断他会回来)[易混短语比较] be sure of/about/that...对……有信心/把握(主语自身的信念)be sure to do sth.一定会做某事；务必要做某事(说话者对主语的判断或要求)如：He is sure of success.他自信能成功。(他对成功有把握)He is sure to succeed.他一定能成功。(说话人判断他会成功)[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We'd better start early so that we can arrive early at the station to make sure of ________ (get) tickets.②Please make sure ________ the cause of the accident and then report to the director.③You are sure ________ (success) if you go on working hard. I believe in you!④If you are not sure ________ the answer, say no.⑤I talked to her patiently enough to make sure of her ________ (go) with us.⑥Make sure ________ the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.4)get sth./sb. doing使某物/某人处于某种动作或状态下) (教材原句)A warmup gets your blood flowing faster...热身会促进血液更快地流动……get vt.(使役动词)使……；请求(做)……。常见搭配：get sth./sb. to do sth. (＝have sth./sb. do sth.) 让某物/某人做某事get sth. done (＝have sth. done) 使某事被做；遭遇某事get sth./sb. doing sth. 使/让……做起……来❶Once we got the heater going the car started to warm up.我们一启动加热器，汽车就开始预热。❷The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了一会儿之后，上尉命令士兵们向前线前进。❸It is hard to get him doing his homework before dinner every day.想要让他每天晚饭前做家庭作业是很难的。❹I got him to do his homework before dinner.我让他晚饭前做家庭作业。❺He gets his homework done before dinner every day.他每天晚饭前做完家庭作业。[说明] ·get sth./sb. doing sth.中，现在分词作宾补通常指习惯性、经常性的动作，宾语是动作的发出者；·get sth./sb. to do sth.中，不定式作宾补通常指一次性的，或者是还没有发出的未来的动作，宾语是动作的发出者；·get sth. done中，过去分词作宾补，强调被动性的动作，宾语是动作的承受者。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We got mother ________ (prepare) our lunch.②However, becoming a fulltime, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him ________ (notice).③I shall soon get the machine ________ (work).④We couldn't get him ________ (sign) the agreement.⑤If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone ________ (talk) again is to give the host a compliment.⑥They wanted to get the workers ________ (call) off the strike.►第三版块|疑难句型剖析1)suggest后宾语从句的语气) (教材原句)My friend suggested I should try longdistance running.我的朋友建议我试试长跑。说明 在表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词可归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”，这类虚拟语气由“should＋动词原形”构成， should在美式英语中通常可以省略。❶The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.医生建议他努力减肥。❷We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.我们建议把会议推迟到下周。❸He insisted that I (should) go with them.他坚持要我同他们一起去。❹He ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。❺The doctor advised that he (should) not smoke.医生建议他不要抽烟。❻He requires that I (should) appear.他要求我出场。[拓展] (1)suggest后接宾语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；若谓语动词表示的情况尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气，此时suggest译为“建议”；若谓语动词表示的情况为既成事实，要用陈述语气，此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。He suggested that we (should) leave early.他建议我们提早离开。(虚拟语气)Her expression suggested that she was angry.她的表情表明她生气了。(陈述语气)(2)insist后接宾语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，用虚拟语气；若谓语动词表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，要用陈述语气。He insisted that I (should) read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。He insisted that I had read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①She suggested that I ________ (be) responsible for the arrangements.②I demand that John ________ (go) there at once.③The general commanded that we ________ (attack) at once.④The policeman insisted that he ________ (have) a look.⑤What he said suggested that he ________ (be) a cheat.⑥He insisted that he ________ (do) nothing wrong and refused to make an apology.⑦The committee proposed that Mr Ted ________ (elect).完成句子⑧I suggested that ________________ (他休息), and sent him for an Xray.⑨The magazine suggested, incorrectly, ________________ (他正打算) to announce his retirement.⑩They demanded that working condition ________________ (应该被改善).2)as引导非限制性定语从句) (教材原句)As people often say, any exercise is better than none...正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好……as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构：as we all know (＝as is known to all) 众所周知as sb. imagine/see/note 正如某人想象/看到/提到的那样as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as is often the case 情况常常如此as was expected 正如预料的那样as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸上所报道的那样as has been said before 如前所述as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的那样❶As is known to all, the earth moves round the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。(as在从句中作主语)❷He is a foreigner, as we know from his accent.他是个外国人，我们从他的口音可以知道。(as在从句中作宾语)❸He is absorbed in work, as he often was.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)[说明] ①as引导非限制性定语从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。②as指代整个主句， as意为“正如，如同”。③as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、主句中间或主句之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。④as在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语通常要有be动词或别的系动词。[注意] which引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，只能位于主句之后。which意为“这(件事，一点)”，可用and this/that/it来代替。Li Ming was late, which (＝and this) made Mr Zhang very angry.李明迟到了，这件事使张老师非常生气。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.②A container weighs more after air is put in, ________ proves that air has weight.③________ is often the case with young people, he is overconfident.④We cannot do everything successfully, ________ often happens in life.⑤________ you can imagine, every mistake meant we need to start all over again.完成句子⑥________________________________________ (正如几周前有人在这篇论文中提到的), they eat great food and never gain weight.⑦________________________________________ (就像……经常做的那样) elderly people, Grandpa talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．These measures can ________ (缓解) the pressure on power supply.2．The aim of the meeting is to ________ (加强) the relationship between the two countries.3．Several countries have applied for ________ (成员身份) of the EU.4．With the help of the new medical ________ (设备), the patient recovered quickly.5．She became famous ________ (一夜).6．To our great ________ (满意), our son studies very hard and has made a lot of progress.Ⅱ.短语填空in particular, keep up, prevent...from, be capable of, make sure, cheer up, be/get fed up with, amount to, ache to do, be sure1．We ____________ that someone is responsible for the quality of the product.2．Walking alone in the dark, the guy whistled (吹口哨) to ____________ his courage.3．A lot of attractive places in Beijing attract his attention, the Great Wall ____________．4．A range of measures must be taken to ____________ the clear river ____________ being polluted.5．Actually, the port ____________ dealing with 10 million tons of coal a year.6．Mary couldn't ____________ at the moment because she was in an awkward position.7．All the pupils ____________ too much homework.8．In fact, the President's silence on the matter ____________ a refusal.9．I'm ____________ (tell) her the good news right now.10．I think he ____________ to succeed in the end.Ⅲ.根据语境选择适当的不定代词1．There is ________ wrong with being polite to others. (something/nothing)2．I searched ________ of the drawers for the document, but found nothing. (every one/everyone)3．Has ________ of you been to our city before? (anyone/any one)4．Yvonne is nobody here in town, but I suppose she's ________ in her own village. (somebody/nobody)5．They were all tired, but ________ didn't have a rest. (anyone/any one)Ⅳ.单句语法填空1．The road to research is tough, ________ is often the case in science.2．Larger ________ (amount) of caffeine can cause a problem called caffeinism.3．He had more job ________ (satisfy), a better marriage and was healthier.4．Make sure ________ you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.5．One idea is that sleep helps us ________ (strength) new memories.6．After spending some time looking at all the defensive ________ (equip) at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!7．If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them ________ (turn) brown.8．What's ________ (particular) interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause.9．While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us ________ (benefit) Vitamin D．
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