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2023-2024学年广东省汕尾市华大实验学校高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年广东省汕尾市华大实验学校高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案，文件包含广东省汕尾市华大实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题原卷版docx、广东省汕尾市华大实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
(试卷满分：100 分;时间：75 分钟; )
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 7 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 17.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A、B、C 和 D 中，选出最佳选项。
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If yu want t sleep better at night, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are sme ideal sleep music apps t chse frm.
Calm
Calm is ne f the mst ppular sleep music apps and its large library f relaxing and sleep-causing tracks is largely respnsible fr that. This app ffers a free versin, but t really take advantage f what Calm has t ffer, yu had better chse the paid versin, which csts $ 69.99 fr ne year. A lifetime membership is $ 399.99.
Relax Meldies
Relax Meldies is intended t calm yur mind with relaxing sund. The cmpser is visual and easy t use, and the Discver page gives yu access t ther app features, like bedtime stries and breathing exercises. Thugh its free versin prvides a great intrductin t the idea f sleep music, the paid versin unlcks a larger library f sunds. Cnsider paying fr it if there're particular sunds r features that really attract yu.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy t use its library f sleep-specific music. The Sleep icn at the bttm f the app is easy t identify and leads t a library f ptins that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radi. It's wrth nting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscriptin. Headspace csts $ 69.99 annually, r yu can pay $12.99 per mnth.
Pzizz
Pzizz ffers sleep music tracks yu can use at naptime, bedtime, r t imprve fcus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its vice narratin（旁白）ptin. If yu find the presence f a calming vice t be cmfrting r benefit frm smene helping yu t relax yur bdy and mind, then Pzizz is a gd chice fr yu. Male and female vice ptins are available and the vice is lw and calm. It has a free versin but yu shuld pay fr extra subscriptins.
1. Which app allws yu t cmbine sleep music with breathing exercises?
A. Calm.B. Headspace.C. Pzizz.D. Relax Meldies.
2. Hw much shuld yu pay at least fr the ne-year subscriptin f Headspace?
A. $12.99.B. $69.99.C. $155.88.D. $399.99.
3. What is special abut Pzizz?
A. Its vice fr narratin is fixed.B. It prvides lw and calm music.
C. It ffers vice narratin ptins.D. Its fcus is sleep-specific music.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Relax Meldies部分“Relax Meldies is intended t calm yur mind with relaxing sund. The cmpser is visual and easy t use, and the Discver page gives yu access t ther app features, like bedtime stries and breathing exercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。)”可知，Relax Meldies不仅提供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Headspace部分“Headspace csts $69.99 annually, r yu can pay $12.99 per mnth.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。) ”可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69. 99美元。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pzizz部分“One thing that makes Pzizz different is its vice narratin（旁白）ptin. If yu find the presence f a calming vice t be cmfrting r benefit frm smene helping yu t relax yur bdy and mind, then Pzizz is a gd chice fr yu. Male and female vice ptins are available and the vice is lw and calm.(让Pzizz与众不同的一点是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。)”可知，Pzizz的特别之处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C项。
B
Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. Acrss 163 different cuntries, 1,000 natural and cultural histric places make up ur mst precius human heritage, which UNESCO calls Wrld Heritage Sites.
We lse a little f that heritage every day. War climate change and pllutin have a bad effect, as d wind and rain. The $4 millin a year that UNESCO spends n preservatin is nt nearly enugh t take care f even the fur dzen sites cnsidered at appraching risk f being lst frever. Nw there’s a better chice. New digital-cnservatin technlgies let us hld n t them, at least virtually (虚拟地), thrugh 3-D scanning, mdeling and digital strage. Such prjects can be accmplished (完成) thrugh cperatin between gvernments, universities, industry and nn-prfit rganizatins.
T make a 3-D mdel, a laser (激光) scanner bunces light ff an bject and recrds the results. T reprduce every crner and pening, the scanner cllects verlapping (重叠的) images frm all pssible angles. A cmputer then sews them tgether int ne large surface image and draws lines frm ne pint t anther t create a wire-frame mdel. High-reslutin digital cameras add clr and texture. When fully put tgether, the mdels can be viewed, printed r perated.
These scans d mre than preserve a memry in a database. With highly accurate measurements, archaelgists (考古学家) can find hidden passages r reveal ancient engineering tricks. Schl kids can explre places they might therwise never see. And when a site is destryed, the scans can even be used t recnstruct what was there. That has already happened fr ne Wrld Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda. Built f wd in 1882, they were destryed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part n 3-D mdels made in 2009. Mre than 100 Wrld Heritage Sites have been already preserved as 3-D mdels, and cnservatinists are racing t recrd as many mre as pssible.
4. Hw des the authr shw the necessity fr 3-D digital libraries in the first tw paragraphs?
A. By listing the threats t ur human heritage.
B By intrducing sme damaged histrical sites.
C. By quting sme experts’ views n heritage prtectin.
D. By explaining UNESCO’s research n Wrld Heritage Sites.
5. Frm Paragraph 3 we learn that ________.
A. The functin f a laser scanner is t add clr and texture t the image.
B. The reflectin f light ff an bject is recrded in a cmputer.
C. The prcess f making a 3-D mdel is successfully carried ut with the help f a laser scanner a cmputer and high-reslutin digital cameras.
D. High-reslutin digital cameras make the mdels viewable, printable, and perable.
6. What d we knw abut the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda?
A. It is metal-framed.
B. It is still in its riginal cnditin.
C. It was nce destryed in an earthquake.
D. It was recnstructed thanks t 3-D mdels.
7. What des the authr intend t say thrugh this text?
A. Never ignre the destructive pwer f war.
B. Take actin t reduce pllutin in histric places.
C. Take advantage f 3-D technlgy t keep histry.
D. Invest mre mney t preserve Wrld Heritage Sites.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。利用三维数字技术可以更好地保护世界历史文化遗产。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读第一二段尤其是根据第一段“Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. (在战争和时间摧毁我们更多的重要文化遗址之前，我们需要将它们保存在三维数字图书馆中)”和第二段“We lse a little f that heritage every day. War, climate change and pllutin have a bad effect, as d wind and rain. (我们每天都会失去一点遗产。战争、气候变化和污染以及风雨都会产生不良影响)”可知，人类遗产面临战争、气候变化和污染等方面的巨大威胁，作者通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁来说明建立三维数字图书馆的必要性。因此，在前两段中，作者说明三维数字图书馆的必要性的方法是A项“By listing the threats t ur human heritage.(通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁)”符合题意，故选A项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是根据“T make a 3-D mdel, a laser (激光) scanner bunces light ff an bject and recrds the results…A cmputer then sews them tgether int ne large surface image and draws lines frm ne pint t anther t create a wire-frame mdel…When fully put tgether, the mdels can be viewed, printed r perated. (为了制作一个三维模型，激光扫描仪将光线反射到物体上并记录结果……然后计算机将它们缝合成一个大的表面图像，并从一个点到另一个点绘制线，以创建一个线框模型……当完全组合在一起时，可以查看、打印或操作这些模型)”可知，本段主要介绍三维模型的制作过程。因此，从第三段我们了解到是C项“The prcess f making a 3-D mdel is successfully carried ut with the help f a laser scanner, a cmputer and high-reslutin digital cameras.(在激光扫描仪、计算机和高分辨率数码相机的帮助下，成功地完成了制作三维模型的过程)”符合题意，故选C项。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“That has already happened fr ne Wrld Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda. Built f wd in 1882, they were destryed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part n 3-D mdels made in 2009. (乌干达的卡苏比陵墓已经成为世界遗产。它们是1882年用木头建造的，2010年被大火烧毁，2014年重建，主要基于2009年制造的三维模型)”可知，乌干达的卡苏比陵墓的重建，主要基于2009年制造的三维模型。因此，我们对乌干达的卡苏比陵墓了解的是D项“It was recnstructed thanks t 3-D mdels.(多亏了三维模型，它才得以重建)”符合题意，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. (在战争和时间摧毁我们更多的重要文化遗址之前，我们需要将它们保存在三维数字图书馆中)”可知，作者写本文是想呼吁利用三维技术重建文化遗产，留住历史。因此，作者打算通过本文说明C项“Take advantage f 3-D technlgy t keep histry.(利用3D技术记录历史)”符合题意，故选C项。
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy peple will never amunt t anything in life. Hwever, laziness can be defeated nce a few changes have been made in yur mind.
____8____ Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful sleep, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.
Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre practive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne.____9____
Sme peple fight laziness by remving the temptatins that surrund them. A televisin in the living rm may prvide entertainment, but watching t much TV ften cntributes t laziness.____10____ Cmplete a few tasks and entertain yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.
Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt dealt with immediately.____11____ Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.
____12____Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.
A. Laziness appears when yu n lnger feel in charge f yur wn mind.
B. T fight family laziness, set an example.
C. Knwing hw t fight laziness is imprtant.
D. Ding sprts regularly can help yu fight laziness.
E. One way t fight laziness is t get a gd night’s rest.
F. With a psitive attitude, yu will be able t achieve yur gal.
G. Create a reward system fr yurself, just as parents d fr the children.
【答案】8 E 9. A 10. G 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些克服懒惰的方法。
【8题详解】
根据后文“Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful rest, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.(许多人经常缺乏睡眠，因为他们熬夜过晚，无法早起准备工作。这些人一旦回到家就没有什么动力了。通过调整你的睡眠时间表，提供几个小时重要的休息，你可以战胜一整天的懒惰)”可知，本段讲关于克服懒惰的方法是要获得充足的睡眠，E选项One way t fight laziness is t get a gd night’s rest.(对抗懒惰的一个方法是好好休息一晚)符合文意，其中sleep与后文对应。故选E项。
【9题详解】
根据上文“Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre practive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne.(另一种战胜懒惰的方法是把思想从被动转变为主动。有些人对待自己的生活就好像是被迫从一个任务推到另一个任务。另一些人则采取更积极主动的方法，将每项任务视为他们必须独自克服的挑战)”可知，本段主要讲克服懒惰的方法是变被动为主动，也就是说，要主动掌握生活，A项Laziness appears when yu n lnger feel in charge f yur wn mind.(当你不再能掌控自己的思想时，懒惰就会出现)切题。该项与上文构成转折关系，其中yur wn mind与上文 yur mind对应。故选A项。
【10题详解】
根据后文“Cmplete a few tasks and reward yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.(完成一些任务，用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，比如一顿美餐或一场电影)”可知，后文提到了用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，说明克服懒惰的方法是给予自己奖励，而G项Create a reward system fr yurself, just as parents d fr the children.(为自己建立一个奖励制度，就像父母为孩子做的那样)符合语境，其中Create a reward system fr yurself对应后文中reward yurself。故选G项。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt dealt with immediately.(懒惰在家里也是一个长期存在的问题。夫妻和孩子的精力可能各不相同，但如果不立即处理，懒惰会蔓延开来)”以及后文“Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.(饭后要第一个收拾碗碟。家里的其他人最终可能会以你为榜样，完成他们自己的任务。当你周围都是干劲十足的人时，很难养成懒惰的习惯)”可知，本段主要是关于如何克服家庭懒惰，上文提到懒惰蔓延，后文则提到了要树立榜样，而B项T fight family laziness, set an example.(为了对抗家庭懒惰，要树立榜样)符合语境，其中family对应上文中at hme。故选B项。
【12题详解】
根据后文“Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.(足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式，从而使你有更多的精力，并帮助你振作精神)”可知，本段主要说明的是通过锻炼来克服懒惰，D选项Ding sprts regularly can help yu fight laziness.(经常锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰)符合文意，其中Ding sprts对应后文中Enugh exercise。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a by, I played the pian six hurs a day. I lve the instrument. My mther____13____ me t read ntes, and my father shwed me hw t cntrl the ___14___. At first I played n clunky (沉闷的) Chinese keybards ___15___, but the best we culd affrd. Later my parents bught me a Swedish pian, but I brke half the keys n it playing Tchaikvsky.
T be a serius ___16___, I wuld have t mve t Beijing where millins f pianists in China were cmpeting fr fame. T remve t Beijing with me, my father ___17___ a great sacrifice. He quit his cncertmaster’s (首席小提琴手) jb and my mther still stayed in Shenyang t keep wrking t ___18___ us. Befre we ___19___ Beijing, they bth warned me, “Being a pianist is hard. Can yu live withut yur mther?” I said, “I want my ___20___!” But I knew I needed t be in Beijing.
Suddenly my father and I were newcmers—utsiders. The nly apartment we culd affrd was in an unheated building, with five families ___21___ ne bathrm. My father became an huse-wife mstly.
I was miserable, but nt frm the pverty r ___22___. My new teacher in Beijing didn’t like me. “Yu have n ___23___, ” she ften tld me. “Yu will never be a pianist.” And ne day, she ___24___ me.
I was just nine years ld then and I didn’t want t be a pianist anymre, I wanted t g hme t my mther. Fr the next tw weeks I didn’t tuch the pian. ___25___, my father didn’t push. He just ___26___. That day I tld my father what he waited t hear—that I wanted t study with a new teacher. ___27___ that time n, everything turned arund.
13. A. allwedB. askedC. taughtD. frced
14. A. sundsB. vicesC. stringsD. keys
15. A. safeB. cheapC. fineD. cnvenient
16. A. scientistB. geniusC. musician D. dctr
17. A. createdB. prducedC. gtD. made
18. A. supprtB. understandC. prvideD. supply
19. A. left frB. turned tC. gt inD. stayed in
20. A. mtherB. fatherC. hmetwnD. friends
21. A. cleaningB. livingC. keepingD. sharing
22. A. pleasureB. pressureC. successD. leisure
23. A. talentB. patienceC. mneyD. cnfidence
24. A. preventedB. stppedC. firedD. punished
25. A. UnfrtunatelyB. HpefullyC. SadlyD. Wisely
26. A. criedB. waitedC. smiledD. shuted
27. A. UntilB. FrmC. SinceD. After
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”从小开始学习钢琴的艰辛经历。
【详解】1.考查动词辨析。句意：母亲教我读音符，父亲教我如何控制琴键。A.allwed允许； B.asked询问；C.taught教学；D.frced强迫。根据“my father shwed me hw t cntrl the...”可知，此处是指母亲教我读音符。故选C。
2.考查名词辨析。句意：母亲教我读音符，父亲教我如何控制琴键。A.sunds声音； B.vices嗓音；C.strings琴弦；D.keys琴键。根据“I played the pian six hurs a day”（我每天弹钢琴六个小时）可知，此处是指控制琴键。故选D。
3.考查形容词辨析。句意：一开始，我用笨重的中国键盘演奏，价格便宜，但却是我们能买得起的最好的。A.safe安全的；B.cheap 便宜的；C.fine精致的；D.cnvenient方便的。根据but the best we culd affrd可知，此处是指中国键盘虽然笨重但价格便宜。故选B。
4.考查名词辨析。句意：要想成为一名真正的音乐家，我必须搬到北京去，那里有数百万中国钢琴家为了出名而竞争。A.scientist科学家；B.genius天才；C.musician音乐家；D.dctr医生。根据后文“I wuld have t mve t Beijing where millins f pianists in China were cmpeting fr fame”可知，此处指为了成为一名真正的音乐家。故选C。
5.考查动词辨析。句意：为了和我一起搬到北京，我父亲做出了巨大的牺牲。A.created创造；B.prduced制造；C.gt得到；D.made做出。根据后文“He quit his cncertmaster’s (首席小提琴手) jb”（他辞去了首席小提琴手的工作）可知，父亲做出了巨大的牺牲。故选D。
6.考查动词辨析。句意：他辞去了首席小提琴手的工作，我的母亲仍然留在沈阳继续工作，以支撑我们的生活。A.supprt支持，支撑；B.understand明白；C.prvide提供；D.supply提供。根据前文my mther still stayed in Shenyang t keep wrking 可知，在父亲辞去工作的情况下，母亲继续留下工作来支撑生活。故选A。
7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们去北京之前，他们都警告我:“当钢琴家很难。”没有妈妈你还能生活吗？”A.left fr前往；B.turned t求助于；C.gt in进入；D.stayed in不外出。根据前文I wuld have t mve t Beijing可知，此处是指前往北京前。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。句意：我想要妈妈！A.mther妈妈；B.father爸爸；C.hmetwn家乡； D.friends朋友。根据前文“Can yu live withut yur mther?”可知，此处是指我想要妈妈。故选A。
9.考查动词辨析。句意：我们唯一能负担得起的公寓是一幢没有供暖的大楼，五户人家共用一个浴室。A.cleaning清洁；B.living生活；C.keeping保持；D.sharing分享，共用。根据five families和ne bathrm可知，此处是指“共用”。故选D。
10.考查名词辨析。句意：我很痛苦，但不是因为贫穷或压力。A.pleasure快乐； B.pressure压力；C.success成功；D.leisure空闲。根据I was miserable可知，此处应用负面词语。故选B。
11.考查名词辨析。句意：你没有天赋。A.talent天赋；B.patience耐心；C.mney钱； D.cnfidence信心。根据后文“Yu will never be a pianist”（你永远成为不了钢琴家）可知，老师认为“我”没有天分。故选A。
12.考查动词辨析。句意：有一天，她解雇了我。A.prevented阻止； B.stpped阻止； C.fired解雇；D.punished惩罚。根据后文“That day I tld my father what he waited t hear—that I wanted t study with a new teacher.”（那天，我告诉父亲他等着听的话——我想和一位新老师学习。）可知，之前的老师辞退了“我”。故选C。
13.考查副词辨析。句意：父亲很智慧地没有强迫。A.Unfrtunately不幸地； B.Hpefully满怀希望地；C.Sadly悲伤地；D.Wisely智慧地。根据my father didn’t push可知，这是一个有智慧的行为。故选D。
14.考查动词辨析。句意：他只是等待。A.cried哭泣；B.waited等待；C.smiled微笑；D.shuted喊叫。根据That day I tld my father what he waited t hear可知，此处是指父亲只是等待。故选B。
15.考查副词辨析。句意：从那时起，一切都好转了。A.Until直到；B.Frm从； C.Since自从；D.After之后。frm that time n意为“从那时起”，为固定搭配。此处是指从“我”换了意为新老师开始，一切都好转了。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ning was disappinted because he didn’t perfrm well in the 1988 Seul Olympics. But it was this sense f failure ____28____ made him determined t succeed in his new life. A year after his____29____ (retire), Li Ning began a new career—as a businessman. But he didn’t frget his sprting backgrund. He decided t launch a new brand f sprtswear, ____30____ (cmpete) with glbal giants like Nike and Adidas. He made the unusual____31____ (chse), fr a Chinese persn, f chsing____32____ wn name as the brand mark. The bright red lg____33____ (make) up f the first tw pinyin letters f Li Ning’s name, L and N. Li Ning’s sprts clthes came nt the market at just the right time. The number f yung peple with mney t spend was n the increase—and sprt had never been s ppular. Li Ning’s designs were____34____ (attract), and they had a majr advantage ____35____ their better-knwn rivals – they were ____36____ (cheap). ____37____ pair f Nike trainers( 运 动 鞋 ), fr example, culd cst up t five times as much as a similar Li Ning prduct. Success fr Li Ning came quickly.
【答案】28. that
29. retirement
30. cmpeting
31. chice 32. his
33. is made
34. attractive
35. ver 36. cheaper
37. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名体操运动员李宁在退役之后创建了自己的服装品牌，并取得了成功的故事。
【28题详解】
考查强调句。句意：但正是这种失败感使他决心在新生活中取得成功。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，句型为“it is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+其他”，句中被强调的部分是句子主语this sense f failure(失败感)，为物，故用that。故填that。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他退役一年后，李宁开始了新的职业。his为形容词性物主代词，意为“他的”，后接名词。retire意为“退休”，动词词性，对应的名词形式为retirement，意为“退休”。故填retirement。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他决定推出一个新的运动服装品牌，与像耐克和阿迪达斯这样的全球巨头竞争。句中有动词decided(决定)且句中无连词，故应用cmpete(竞争)的非谓语动词形式。句子主语He与cmpete之间为主动关系，即他与耐克和阿迪达斯竞争，故用cmpete的现在分词形式cmpeting，在句中作状语。故填cmpeting。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：对于一个中国人来说，他做出了一个不同寻常的选择。unusual意为“不寻常的”，形容词词性，后接名词。chse意为“选择”，动词词性，对应的名词形式为chice，意为“选择”。同时，make a chice为固定短语，意为“做出选择”。故填chice。
【32题详解】
考查代词。句意：选择自己的名字作为商标。根据后文L and N可知，李宁选择了自己的名字作为商标。name意为“名字”，名词词性，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，his意为“他的”，his wn name意为“他自己的名字”，符合句意。故填his。
【33题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：鲜艳的红色标志由李宁名字的前两个拼音字母L和N组成。根据句意可知，句子讲述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。lg与make之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即标志被组成，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+其他”。主语为lg，可数名词单数形式，与is连用，make的过去分词为made。故填is made。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：李宁的设计很有吸引力。根据句意该空缺形容词作表语，attract意为“吸引”，动词词性，对应的形容词为attractive。故填attractive。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们比他们更有名的竞争对手有很大的优势。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语have an advantage ver，意为“优于，胜过”，句中指他们优于竞争对手，符合句意。故填ver。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们更便宜。cheap意为“便宜的”，形容词词性，分析句子可知，句中把李宁的衣服和better-knwn rivals(更有名的竞争对手)的衣服进行对比，故应用cheap的比较级形式cheaper，表示李宁的衣服更便宜。故填cheaper。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是李宁同类产品的五倍。分析句子可知，这里泛指一双耐克品牌的运动鞋，故应用不定冠词修饰，pair单词的第一个音素为辅音音素，故用不定冠词a，a pair f意为“一双”，句首字母大写。故填A。
第三部分 基础知识(共三节，满分 20 分)
第一节 单词(共 5 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
根据汉语意思及首字母提示填写单词
38. Our class jined in the schl p________ (海报) exhibitin with the tpic “We Lve Science”.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】pster##ster
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们班参加了以“我们爱科学”为主题的校园海报展览。根据句意和汉语提示应用名词pster“海报”作定语，且名词作定语用单数，故填pster。
39. Dr Lin, hwever, r________ (拒绝) the ffer. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】rejected##ejected##refused##efused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，Dr Lin拒绝了这一提议。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词；根据所给汉语提示以及首字母可知，表示“拒绝”且首字母为r的动词有reject或者refuse；由句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填rejected/refused。
40. If yu eat here every day, yu will find the b ________ (利益，好处) f ur fd sner r later. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】benefits##enefits
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你每天都在这里吃，你迟早会发现我们食物的好处。定冠词the后接名词作宾语。名词benefit为可数名词，指“各种好处”，用复数形式。故填benefits。
41. I c ________ (聊天) n the phne last week with Rsy Rng, the chief investment fficer f Huawei. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】chatted##hatted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：上周，我与华为首席投资官Rsy Rng通了电话。分析句子结构以及所给汉语提示可知，空格处应填动词chat作谓语，根据后文last week可知应用一般过去时。所以应填chatted。故填chatted。
42. They have a wide range f ________ (起源), such as the seasns f the year, religins, famus figures. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】rigins##rigins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们有着各种各样的起源，如一年中的季节、宗教和名人。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“起源”应用rigin，为可数名词，再由“a wide range f”可知，此处应用名词复数，在句中作宾语。故填rigins。
第二节 短语(共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据所给汉语提示填空
43. All the medical wrkers kept saving the injured peple ________ ________ ________(尽管) feeling extremely tired. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. spite ③. f
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：所有的医务人员不顾极度疲劳，坚持抢救伤员。根据汉语提示可知，in spite f尽管，固定短语，表示让步关系，故填①in②spite③f。
44. Fr sme reasn, hwever, he was ______ ______ when he returned hme that night.(处于绝望中)（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. despair
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：然而，由于某种原因，当他那天晚上回到家时，他感到绝望。短语： in despair“处于绝望中”，为固定结构，故填①in②despair。
45. C_________ (和……相比) ther means f cmmunicatin, Wechat has mre advantages. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Cmpared with##mpared with
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：与其他通信方式相比，微信具有更多的优势。根据句意可知，应使用动词短语cmpare with (和……相比)；根据句子结构分析，可知has为谓语，cmpare为非谓语，在句中作状语。因为主语Wechat与cmpare是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式，放在句首应首字母大写。故填Cmpared with。
46. I am srry t hear that he p________ ________ last mnth. (去世) (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】 ①. passed ②. away
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：听说他上个月去世了，我很难过。根据首字母和汉语提示“去世”可知，空格处涉及固定短语“pass away”，意为“去世”，根据句中“last mnth”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“pass”的过去式为“passed”，故空格处应填“passed away”。故填passed away。
47. __________________________(坦白地说), Tm is nt cnfident enugh fr this jb. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】T be frank
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，汤姆对这份工作不够自信。根据汉语提示“坦白地说”可知短语为t be frank，句首单词首字母要大写。故填T be frank。
第三节 选词填空(共 5 小题: 每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个语篇有一个是多余的选项。
Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the ____48____ and has____49____ a lt f satellites int space, which can transmit ____50____ t scientists n earth. Hwever, explring space is dangerus and challenging. These disasters made everyne ____51____, but the ____52____ t explre the universe never ends.
【答案】48. universe
49. launched
50. data 51. disappinted
52. desire
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类探索宇宙的经历和挑战，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据前文Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the以及后文explre the universe可知，故空处应用名词universe，意为“宇宙”，作宾语。故填universe。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据a lt f satellites int space可知，空处涉及动词launch，意为“发射”，由前文Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the ____1____ and可知，空处与has been explring构成并列关系，应用现在完成时，空处应用launch的过去分词，与has构成现在完成时。故填launched。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据a lt f satellites int space, which can transmit和t scientists n earth.可知，空处应用名词data，意为“数据”，作动词的宾语。故填data。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。分析句子可知，此处为“make+宾语+宾补（adj.）”结构，因为宾语是everyne，指人，空处应用形容词disappinted“失望的”，修饰人并且作宾补。故填disappinted。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作主语。根据后文t explre the universe never end可知，空处应用名词desire（不可数），意为“欲望”。故填desire。
第四部分 写作(共一节，满分 20 分)
53. 假设你校最近组织了一批自愿者到火车站提供服务。请以“Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin”为题，给校刊的英语园地写一篇英文稿件。内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 活动内容：捡垃圾，信息咨询，帮助运用自助售机(ticket vending machine)等；
3. 本次活动意义和感受。
注意：
1. 词数120左右(题目已给出，但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增添细节，以使行文连贯。
Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin
Last Sunday sme vlunteers frm ur schl were rganized t ffer service at the railway statin f ur city. We were divided int small grups t undertake different tasks. As sn as we arrived at the statin at 8:00 am, we gt dwn t wrk. Sme picked up rubbish n the grund and prvided infrmatin fr passengers. Sme helped the passengers with heavy baggage. And the rest taught passenger shw t use the ticket vending machine.
I learned a lt frm the activity and felt happy when receiving grateful thanks. I believe that nly by helping each ther can we make ur sciety a better place.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你校最近组织了一批自愿者到火车站提供服务。请以“Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin”为题，给校刊的英语园地写一篇英文稿件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→glad
提供：ffer→prvide
任务：task→assignment
感谢的：grateful→thankful
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I learned a lt frm the activity and felt happy when receiving grateful thanks.
拓展句：Nt nly did I learn a lt frm the activity, but als I felt happy when receiving grateful thanks.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As sn as we arrived at the statin at 8:00 am, we gt dwn t wrk. (运用了as sn as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe that nly by helping each ther can we make ur sciety a better place. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
intelligent desire disappinted universe launched data
(试卷满分：100 分;时间：75 分钟; )
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 7 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 17.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A、B、C 和 D 中，选出最佳选项。
A
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Calm
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Relax Meldies is intended t calm yur mind with relaxing sund. The cmpser is visual and easy t use, and the Discver page gives yu access t ther app features, like bedtime stries and breathing exercises. Thugh its free versin prvides a great intrductin t the idea f sleep music, the paid versin unlcks a larger library f sunds. Cnsider paying fr it if there're particular sunds r features that really attract yu.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy t use its library f sleep-specific music. The Sleep icn at the bttm f the app is easy t identify and leads t a library f ptins that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radi. It's wrth nting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscriptin. Headspace csts $ 69.99 annually, r yu can pay $12.99 per mnth.
Pzizz
Pzizz ffers sleep music tracks yu can use at naptime, bedtime, r t imprve fcus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its vice narratin（旁白）ptin. If yu find the presence f a calming vice t be cmfrting r benefit frm smene helping yu t relax yur bdy and mind, then Pzizz is a gd chice fr yu. Male and female vice ptins are available and the vice is lw and calm. It has a free versin but yu shuld pay fr extra subscriptins.
1. Which app allws yu t cmbine sleep music with breathing exercises?
A. Calm.B. Headspace.C. Pzizz.D. Relax Meldies.
2. Hw much shuld yu pay at least fr the ne-year subscriptin f Headspace?
A. $12.99.B. $69.99.C. $155.88.D. $399.99.
3. What is special abut Pzizz?
A. Its vice fr narratin is fixed.B. It prvides lw and calm music.
C. It ffers vice narratin ptins.D. Its fcus is sleep-specific music.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Relax Meldies部分“Relax Meldies is intended t calm yur mind with relaxing sund. The cmpser is visual and easy t use, and the Discver page gives yu access t ther app features, like bedtime stries and breathing exercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。)”可知，Relax Meldies不仅提供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Headspace部分“Headspace csts $69.99 annually, r yu can pay $12.99 per mnth.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。) ”可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69. 99美元。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pzizz部分“One thing that makes Pzizz different is its vice narratin（旁白）ptin. If yu find the presence f a calming vice t be cmfrting r benefit frm smene helping yu t relax yur bdy and mind, then Pzizz is a gd chice fr yu. Male and female vice ptins are available and the vice is lw and calm.(让Pzizz与众不同的一点是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。)”可知，Pzizz的特别之处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C项。
B
Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. Acrss 163 different cuntries, 1,000 natural and cultural histric places make up ur mst precius human heritage, which UNESCO calls Wrld Heritage Sites.
We lse a little f that heritage every day. War climate change and pllutin have a bad effect, as d wind and rain. The $4 millin a year that UNESCO spends n preservatin is nt nearly enugh t take care f even the fur dzen sites cnsidered at appraching risk f being lst frever. Nw there’s a better chice. New digital-cnservatin technlgies let us hld n t them, at least virtually (虚拟地), thrugh 3-D scanning, mdeling and digital strage. Such prjects can be accmplished (完成) thrugh cperatin between gvernments, universities, industry and nn-prfit rganizatins.
T make a 3-D mdel, a laser (激光) scanner bunces light ff an bject and recrds the results. T reprduce every crner and pening, the scanner cllects verlapping (重叠的) images frm all pssible angles. A cmputer then sews them tgether int ne large surface image and draws lines frm ne pint t anther t create a wire-frame mdel. High-reslutin digital cameras add clr and texture. When fully put tgether, the mdels can be viewed, printed r perated.
These scans d mre than preserve a memry in a database. With highly accurate measurements, archaelgists (考古学家) can find hidden passages r reveal ancient engineering tricks. Schl kids can explre places they might therwise never see. And when a site is destryed, the scans can even be used t recnstruct what was there. That has already happened fr ne Wrld Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda. Built f wd in 1882, they were destryed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part n 3-D mdels made in 2009. Mre than 100 Wrld Heritage Sites have been already preserved as 3-D mdels, and cnservatinists are racing t recrd as many mre as pssible.
4. Hw des the authr shw the necessity fr 3-D digital libraries in the first tw paragraphs?
A. By listing the threats t ur human heritage.
B By intrducing sme damaged histrical sites.
C. By quting sme experts’ views n heritage prtectin.
D. By explaining UNESCO’s research n Wrld Heritage Sites.
5. Frm Paragraph 3 we learn that ________.
A. The functin f a laser scanner is t add clr and texture t the image.
B. The reflectin f light ff an bject is recrded in a cmputer.
C. The prcess f making a 3-D mdel is successfully carried ut with the help f a laser scanner a cmputer and high-reslutin digital cameras.
D. High-reslutin digital cameras make the mdels viewable, printable, and perable.
6. What d we knw abut the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda?
A. It is metal-framed.
B. It is still in its riginal cnditin.
C. It was nce destryed in an earthquake.
D. It was recnstructed thanks t 3-D mdels.
7. What des the authr intend t say thrugh this text?
A. Never ignre the destructive pwer f war.
B. Take actin t reduce pllutin in histric places.
C. Take advantage f 3-D technlgy t keep histry.
D. Invest mre mney t preserve Wrld Heritage Sites.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。利用三维数字技术可以更好地保护世界历史文化遗产。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读第一二段尤其是根据第一段“Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. (在战争和时间摧毁我们更多的重要文化遗址之前，我们需要将它们保存在三维数字图书馆中)”和第二段“We lse a little f that heritage every day. War, climate change and pllutin have a bad effect, as d wind and rain. (我们每天都会失去一点遗产。战争、气候变化和污染以及风雨都会产生不良影响)”可知，人类遗产面临战争、气候变化和污染等方面的巨大威胁，作者通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁来说明建立三维数字图书馆的必要性。因此，在前两段中，作者说明三维数字图书馆的必要性的方法是A项“By listing the threats t ur human heritage.(通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁)”符合题意，故选A项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是根据“T make a 3-D mdel, a laser (激光) scanner bunces light ff an bject and recrds the results…A cmputer then sews them tgether int ne large surface image and draws lines frm ne pint t anther t create a wire-frame mdel…When fully put tgether, the mdels can be viewed, printed r perated. (为了制作一个三维模型，激光扫描仪将光线反射到物体上并记录结果……然后计算机将它们缝合成一个大的表面图像，并从一个点到另一个点绘制线，以创建一个线框模型……当完全组合在一起时，可以查看、打印或操作这些模型)”可知，本段主要介绍三维模型的制作过程。因此，从第三段我们了解到是C项“The prcess f making a 3-D mdel is successfully carried ut with the help f a laser scanner, a cmputer and high-reslutin digital cameras.(在激光扫描仪、计算机和高分辨率数码相机的帮助下，成功地完成了制作三维模型的过程)”符合题意，故选C项。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“That has already happened fr ne Wrld Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tmbs in Uganda. Built f wd in 1882, they were destryed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part n 3-D mdels made in 2009. (乌干达的卡苏比陵墓已经成为世界遗产。它们是1882年用木头建造的，2010年被大火烧毁，2014年重建，主要基于2009年制造的三维模型)”可知，乌干达的卡苏比陵墓的重建，主要基于2009年制造的三维模型。因此，我们对乌干达的卡苏比陵墓了解的是D项“It was recnstructed thanks t 3-D mdels.(多亏了三维模型，它才得以重建)”符合题意，故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Befre war and time destry mre f ur imprtant cultural sites, we need t save them in 3-D digital libraries. (在战争和时间摧毁我们更多的重要文化遗址之前，我们需要将它们保存在三维数字图书馆中)”可知，作者写本文是想呼吁利用三维技术重建文化遗产，留住历史。因此，作者打算通过本文说明C项“Take advantage f 3-D technlgy t keep histry.(利用3D技术记录历史)”符合题意，故选C项。
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy peple will never amunt t anything in life. Hwever, laziness can be defeated nce a few changes have been made in yur mind.
____8____ Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful sleep, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.
Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre practive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne.____9____
Sme peple fight laziness by remving the temptatins that surrund them. A televisin in the living rm may prvide entertainment, but watching t much TV ften cntributes t laziness.____10____ Cmplete a few tasks and entertain yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.
Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt dealt with immediately.____11____ Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.
____12____Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.
A. Laziness appears when yu n lnger feel in charge f yur wn mind.
B. T fight family laziness, set an example.
C. Knwing hw t fight laziness is imprtant.
D. Ding sprts regularly can help yu fight laziness.
E. One way t fight laziness is t get a gd night’s rest.
F. With a psitive attitude, yu will be able t achieve yur gal.
G. Create a reward system fr yurself, just as parents d fr the children.
【答案】8 E 9. A 10. G 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些克服懒惰的方法。
【8题详解】
根据后文“Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful rest, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.(许多人经常缺乏睡眠，因为他们熬夜过晚，无法早起准备工作。这些人一旦回到家就没有什么动力了。通过调整你的睡眠时间表，提供几个小时重要的休息，你可以战胜一整天的懒惰)”可知，本段讲关于克服懒惰的方法是要获得充足的睡眠，E选项One way t fight laziness is t get a gd night’s rest.(对抗懒惰的一个方法是好好休息一晚)符合文意，其中sleep与后文对应。故选E项。
【9题详解】
根据上文“Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre practive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne.(另一种战胜懒惰的方法是把思想从被动转变为主动。有些人对待自己的生活就好像是被迫从一个任务推到另一个任务。另一些人则采取更积极主动的方法，将每项任务视为他们必须独自克服的挑战)”可知，本段主要讲克服懒惰的方法是变被动为主动，也就是说，要主动掌握生活，A项Laziness appears when yu n lnger feel in charge f yur wn mind.(当你不再能掌控自己的思想时，懒惰就会出现)切题。该项与上文构成转折关系，其中yur wn mind与上文 yur mind对应。故选A项。
【10题详解】
根据后文“Cmplete a few tasks and reward yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.(完成一些任务，用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，比如一顿美餐或一场电影)”可知，后文提到了用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，说明克服懒惰的方法是给予自己奖励，而G项Create a reward system fr yurself, just as parents d fr the children.(为自己建立一个奖励制度，就像父母为孩子做的那样)符合语境，其中Create a reward system fr yurself对应后文中reward yurself。故选G项。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt dealt with immediately.(懒惰在家里也是一个长期存在的问题。夫妻和孩子的精力可能各不相同，但如果不立即处理，懒惰会蔓延开来)”以及后文“Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.(饭后要第一个收拾碗碟。家里的其他人最终可能会以你为榜样，完成他们自己的任务。当你周围都是干劲十足的人时，很难养成懒惰的习惯)”可知，本段主要是关于如何克服家庭懒惰，上文提到懒惰蔓延，后文则提到了要树立榜样，而B项T fight family laziness, set an example.(为了对抗家庭懒惰，要树立榜样)符合语境，其中family对应上文中at hme。故选B项。
【12题详解】
根据后文“Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.(足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式，从而使你有更多的精力，并帮助你振作精神)”可知，本段主要说明的是通过锻炼来克服懒惰，D选项Ding sprts regularly can help yu fight laziness.(经常锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰)符合文意，其中Ding sprts对应后文中Enugh exercise。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a by, I played the pian six hurs a day. I lve the instrument. My mther____13____ me t read ntes, and my father shwed me hw t cntrl the ___14___. At first I played n clunky (沉闷的) Chinese keybards ___15___, but the best we culd affrd. Later my parents bught me a Swedish pian, but I brke half the keys n it playing Tchaikvsky.
T be a serius ___16___, I wuld have t mve t Beijing where millins f pianists in China were cmpeting fr fame. T remve t Beijing with me, my father ___17___ a great sacrifice. He quit his cncertmaster’s (首席小提琴手) jb and my mther still stayed in Shenyang t keep wrking t ___18___ us. Befre we ___19___ Beijing, they bth warned me, “Being a pianist is hard. Can yu live withut yur mther?” I said, “I want my ___20___!” But I knew I needed t be in Beijing.
Suddenly my father and I were newcmers—utsiders. The nly apartment we culd affrd was in an unheated building, with five families ___21___ ne bathrm. My father became an huse-wife mstly.
I was miserable, but nt frm the pverty r ___22___. My new teacher in Beijing didn’t like me. “Yu have n ___23___, ” she ften tld me. “Yu will never be a pianist.” And ne day, she ___24___ me.
I was just nine years ld then and I didn’t want t be a pianist anymre, I wanted t g hme t my mther. Fr the next tw weeks I didn’t tuch the pian. ___25___, my father didn’t push. He just ___26___. That day I tld my father what he waited t hear—that I wanted t study with a new teacher. ___27___ that time n, everything turned arund.
13. A. allwedB. askedC. taughtD. frced
14. A. sundsB. vicesC. stringsD. keys
15. A. safeB. cheapC. fineD. cnvenient
16. A. scientistB. geniusC. musician D. dctr
17. A. createdB. prducedC. gtD. made
18. A. supprtB. understandC. prvideD. supply
19. A. left frB. turned tC. gt inD. stayed in
20. A. mtherB. fatherC. hmetwnD. friends
21. A. cleaningB. livingC. keepingD. sharing
22. A. pleasureB. pressureC. successD. leisure
23. A. talentB. patienceC. mneyD. cnfidence
24. A. preventedB. stppedC. firedD. punished
25. A. UnfrtunatelyB. HpefullyC. SadlyD. Wisely
26. A. criedB. waitedC. smiledD. shuted
27. A. UntilB. FrmC. SinceD. After
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”从小开始学习钢琴的艰辛经历。
【详解】1.考查动词辨析。句意：母亲教我读音符，父亲教我如何控制琴键。A.allwed允许； B.asked询问；C.taught教学；D.frced强迫。根据“my father shwed me hw t cntrl the...”可知，此处是指母亲教我读音符。故选C。
2.考查名词辨析。句意：母亲教我读音符，父亲教我如何控制琴键。A.sunds声音； B.vices嗓音；C.strings琴弦；D.keys琴键。根据“I played the pian six hurs a day”（我每天弹钢琴六个小时）可知，此处是指控制琴键。故选D。
3.考查形容词辨析。句意：一开始，我用笨重的中国键盘演奏，价格便宜，但却是我们能买得起的最好的。A.safe安全的；B.cheap 便宜的；C.fine精致的；D.cnvenient方便的。根据but the best we culd affrd可知，此处是指中国键盘虽然笨重但价格便宜。故选B。
4.考查名词辨析。句意：要想成为一名真正的音乐家，我必须搬到北京去，那里有数百万中国钢琴家为了出名而竞争。A.scientist科学家；B.genius天才；C.musician音乐家；D.dctr医生。根据后文“I wuld have t mve t Beijing where millins f pianists in China were cmpeting fr fame”可知，此处指为了成为一名真正的音乐家。故选C。
5.考查动词辨析。句意：为了和我一起搬到北京，我父亲做出了巨大的牺牲。A.created创造；B.prduced制造；C.gt得到；D.made做出。根据后文“He quit his cncertmaster’s (首席小提琴手) jb”（他辞去了首席小提琴手的工作）可知，父亲做出了巨大的牺牲。故选D。
6.考查动词辨析。句意：他辞去了首席小提琴手的工作，我的母亲仍然留在沈阳继续工作，以支撑我们的生活。A.supprt支持，支撑；B.understand明白；C.prvide提供；D.supply提供。根据前文my mther still stayed in Shenyang t keep wrking 可知，在父亲辞去工作的情况下，母亲继续留下工作来支撑生活。故选A。
7.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们去北京之前，他们都警告我:“当钢琴家很难。”没有妈妈你还能生活吗？”A.left fr前往；B.turned t求助于；C.gt in进入；D.stayed in不外出。根据前文I wuld have t mve t Beijing可知，此处是指前往北京前。故选A。
8.考查名词辨析。句意：我想要妈妈！A.mther妈妈；B.father爸爸；C.hmetwn家乡； D.friends朋友。根据前文“Can yu live withut yur mther?”可知，此处是指我想要妈妈。故选A。
9.考查动词辨析。句意：我们唯一能负担得起的公寓是一幢没有供暖的大楼，五户人家共用一个浴室。A.cleaning清洁；B.living生活；C.keeping保持；D.sharing分享，共用。根据five families和ne bathrm可知，此处是指“共用”。故选D。
10.考查名词辨析。句意：我很痛苦，但不是因为贫穷或压力。A.pleasure快乐； B.pressure压力；C.success成功；D.leisure空闲。根据I was miserable可知，此处应用负面词语。故选B。
11.考查名词辨析。句意：你没有天赋。A.talent天赋；B.patience耐心；C.mney钱； D.cnfidence信心。根据后文“Yu will never be a pianist”（你永远成为不了钢琴家）可知，老师认为“我”没有天分。故选A。
12.考查动词辨析。句意：有一天，她解雇了我。A.prevented阻止； B.stpped阻止； C.fired解雇；D.punished惩罚。根据后文“That day I tld my father what he waited t hear—that I wanted t study with a new teacher.”（那天，我告诉父亲他等着听的话——我想和一位新老师学习。）可知，之前的老师辞退了“我”。故选C。
13.考查副词辨析。句意：父亲很智慧地没有强迫。A.Unfrtunately不幸地； B.Hpefully满怀希望地；C.Sadly悲伤地；D.Wisely智慧地。根据my father didn’t push可知，这是一个有智慧的行为。故选D。
14.考查动词辨析。句意：他只是等待。A.cried哭泣；B.waited等待；C.smiled微笑；D.shuted喊叫。根据That day I tld my father what he waited t hear可知，此处是指父亲只是等待。故选B。
15.考查副词辨析。句意：从那时起，一切都好转了。A.Until直到；B.Frm从； C.Since自从；D.After之后。frm that time n意为“从那时起”，为固定搭配。此处是指从“我”换了意为新老师开始，一切都好转了。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ning was disappinted because he didn’t perfrm well in the 1988 Seul Olympics. But it was this sense f failure ____28____ made him determined t succeed in his new life. A year after his____29____ (retire), Li Ning began a new career—as a businessman. But he didn’t frget his sprting backgrund. He decided t launch a new brand f sprtswear, ____30____ (cmpete) with glbal giants like Nike and Adidas. He made the unusual____31____ (chse), fr a Chinese persn, f chsing____32____ wn name as the brand mark. The bright red lg____33____ (make) up f the first tw pinyin letters f Li Ning’s name, L and N. Li Ning’s sprts clthes came nt the market at just the right time. The number f yung peple with mney t spend was n the increase—and sprt had never been s ppular. Li Ning’s designs were____34____ (attract), and they had a majr advantage ____35____ their better-knwn rivals – they were ____36____ (cheap). ____37____ pair f Nike trainers( 运 动 鞋 ), fr example, culd cst up t five times as much as a similar Li Ning prduct. Success fr Li Ning came quickly.
【答案】28. that
29. retirement
30. cmpeting
31. chice 32. his
33. is made
34. attractive
35. ver 36. cheaper
37. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名体操运动员李宁在退役之后创建了自己的服装品牌，并取得了成功的故事。
【28题详解】
考查强调句。句意：但正是这种失败感使他决心在新生活中取得成功。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，句型为“it is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+其他”，句中被强调的部分是句子主语this sense f failure(失败感)，为物，故用that。故填that。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他退役一年后，李宁开始了新的职业。his为形容词性物主代词，意为“他的”，后接名词。retire意为“退休”，动词词性，对应的名词形式为retirement，意为“退休”。故填retirement。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他决定推出一个新的运动服装品牌，与像耐克和阿迪达斯这样的全球巨头竞争。句中有动词decided(决定)且句中无连词，故应用cmpete(竞争)的非谓语动词形式。句子主语He与cmpete之间为主动关系，即他与耐克和阿迪达斯竞争，故用cmpete的现在分词形式cmpeting，在句中作状语。故填cmpeting。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：对于一个中国人来说，他做出了一个不同寻常的选择。unusual意为“不寻常的”，形容词词性，后接名词。chse意为“选择”，动词词性，对应的名词形式为chice，意为“选择”。同时，make a chice为固定短语，意为“做出选择”。故填chice。
【32题详解】
考查代词。句意：选择自己的名字作为商标。根据后文L and N可知，李宁选择了自己的名字作为商标。name意为“名字”，名词词性，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，his意为“他的”，his wn name意为“他自己的名字”，符合句意。故填his。
【33题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：鲜艳的红色标志由李宁名字的前两个拼音字母L和N组成。根据句意可知，句子讲述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。lg与make之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即标志被组成，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，句式为“主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词+其他”。主语为lg，可数名词单数形式，与is连用，make的过去分词为made。故填is made。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：李宁的设计很有吸引力。根据句意该空缺形容词作表语，attract意为“吸引”，动词词性，对应的形容词为attractive。故填attractive。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们比他们更有名的竞争对手有很大的优势。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语have an advantage ver，意为“优于，胜过”，句中指他们优于竞争对手，符合句意。故填ver。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们更便宜。cheap意为“便宜的”，形容词词性，分析句子可知，句中把李宁的衣服和better-knwn rivals(更有名的竞争对手)的衣服进行对比，故应用cheap的比较级形式cheaper，表示李宁的衣服更便宜。故填cheaper。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，一双耐克运动鞋的价格可能是李宁同类产品的五倍。分析句子可知，这里泛指一双耐克品牌的运动鞋，故应用不定冠词修饰，pair单词的第一个音素为辅音音素，故用不定冠词a，a pair f意为“一双”，句首字母大写。故填A。
第三部分 基础知识(共三节，满分 20 分)
第一节 单词(共 5 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
根据汉语意思及首字母提示填写单词
38. Our class jined in the schl p________ (海报) exhibitin with the tpic “We Lve Science”.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】pster##ster
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们班参加了以“我们爱科学”为主题的校园海报展览。根据句意和汉语提示应用名词pster“海报”作定语，且名词作定语用单数，故填pster。
39. Dr Lin, hwever, r________ (拒绝) the ffer. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】rejected##ejected##refused##efused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，Dr Lin拒绝了这一提议。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词；根据所给汉语提示以及首字母可知，表示“拒绝”且首字母为r的动词有reject或者refuse；由句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填rejected/refused。
40. If yu eat here every day, yu will find the b ________ (利益，好处) f ur fd sner r later. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】benefits##enefits
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你每天都在这里吃，你迟早会发现我们食物的好处。定冠词the后接名词作宾语。名词benefit为可数名词，指“各种好处”，用复数形式。故填benefits。
41. I c ________ (聊天) n the phne last week with Rsy Rng, the chief investment fficer f Huawei. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】chatted##hatted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：上周，我与华为首席投资官Rsy Rng通了电话。分析句子结构以及所给汉语提示可知，空格处应填动词chat作谓语，根据后文last week可知应用一般过去时。所以应填chatted。故填chatted。
42. They have a wide range f ________ (起源), such as the seasns f the year, religins, famus figures. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】rigins##rigins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们有着各种各样的起源，如一年中的季节、宗教和名人。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“起源”应用rigin，为可数名词，再由“a wide range f”可知，此处应用名词复数，在句中作宾语。故填rigins。
第二节 短语(共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据所给汉语提示填空
43. All the medical wrkers kept saving the injured peple ________ ________ ________(尽管) feeling extremely tired. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. spite ③. f
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：所有的医务人员不顾极度疲劳，坚持抢救伤员。根据汉语提示可知，in spite f尽管，固定短语，表示让步关系，故填①in②spite③f。
44. Fr sme reasn, hwever, he was ______ ______ when he returned hme that night.(处于绝望中)（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. in ②. despair
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：然而，由于某种原因，当他那天晚上回到家时，他感到绝望。短语： in despair“处于绝望中”，为固定结构，故填①in②despair。
45. C_________ (和……相比) ther means f cmmunicatin, Wechat has mre advantages. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Cmpared with##mpared with
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：与其他通信方式相比，微信具有更多的优势。根据句意可知，应使用动词短语cmpare with (和……相比)；根据句子结构分析，可知has为谓语，cmpare为非谓语，在句中作状语。因为主语Wechat与cmpare是被动关系，所以应使用过去分词形式，放在句首应首字母大写。故填Cmpared with。
46. I am srry t hear that he p________ ________ last mnth. (去世) (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】 ①. passed ②. away
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：听说他上个月去世了，我很难过。根据首字母和汉语提示“去世”可知，空格处涉及固定短语“pass away”，意为“去世”，根据句中“last mnth”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“pass”的过去式为“passed”，故空格处应填“passed away”。故填passed away。
47. __________________________(坦白地说), Tm is nt cnfident enugh fr this jb. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】T be frank
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，汤姆对这份工作不够自信。根据汉语提示“坦白地说”可知短语为t be frank，句首单词首字母要大写。故填T be frank。
第三节 选词填空(共 5 小题: 每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个语篇有一个是多余的选项。
Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the ____48____ and has____49____ a lt f satellites int space, which can transmit ____50____ t scientists n earth. Hwever, explring space is dangerus and challenging. These disasters made everyne ____51____, but the ____52____ t explre the universe never ends.
【答案】48. universe
49. launched
50. data 51. disappinted
52. desire
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类探索宇宙的经历和挑战，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据前文Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the以及后文explre the universe可知，故空处应用名词universe，意为“宇宙”，作宾语。故填universe。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据a lt f satellites int space可知，空处涉及动词launch，意为“发射”，由前文Mankind has been explring space t find ut the secret f the ____1____ and可知，空处与has been explring构成并列关系，应用现在完成时，空处应用launch的过去分词，与has构成现在完成时。故填launched。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：人类一直在探索太空，以发现宇宙的奥秘，并向太空发射了许多卫星，这些卫星可以向地球上的科学家传输数据。根据a lt f satellites int space, which can transmit和t scientists n earth.可知，空处应用名词data，意为“数据”，作动词的宾语。故填data。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。分析句子可知，此处为“make+宾语+宾补（adj.）”结构，因为宾语是everyne，指人，空处应用形容词disappinted“失望的”，修饰人并且作宾补。故填disappinted。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到失望，但探索宇宙的欲望从未停止。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作主语。根据后文t explre the universe never end可知，空处应用名词desire（不可数），意为“欲望”。故填desire。
第四部分 写作(共一节，满分 20 分)
53. 假设你校最近组织了一批自愿者到火车站提供服务。请以“Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin”为题，给校刊的英语园地写一篇英文稿件。内容包括：
1. 活动时间和地点；
2. 活动内容：捡垃圾，信息咨询，帮助运用自助售机(ticket vending machine)等；
3. 本次活动意义和感受。
注意：
1. 词数120左右(题目已给出，但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增添细节，以使行文连贯。
Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin
Last Sunday sme vlunteers frm ur schl were rganized t ffer service at the railway statin f ur city. We were divided int small grups t undertake different tasks. As sn as we arrived at the statin at 8:00 am, we gt dwn t wrk. Sme picked up rubbish n the grund and prvided infrmatin fr passengers. Sme helped the passengers with heavy baggage. And the rest taught passenger shw t use the ticket vending machine.
I learned a lt frm the activity and felt happy when receiving grateful thanks. I believe that nly by helping each ther can we make ur sciety a better place.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你校最近组织了一批自愿者到火车站提供服务。请以“Vlunteer Activity at Railway Statin”为题，给校刊的英语园地写一篇英文稿件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→glad
提供：ffer→prvide
任务：task→assignment
感谢的：grateful→thankful
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I learned a lt frm the activity and felt happy when receiving grateful thanks.
拓展句：Nt nly did I learn a lt frm the activity, but als I felt happy when receiving grateful thanks.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As sn as we arrived at the statin at 8:00 am, we gt dwn t wrk. (运用了as sn as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe that nly by helping each ther can we make ur sciety a better place. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
intelligent desire disappinted universe launched data
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