高考英语二轮复习专题一第二讲推理判断题——依文推理定选项课件

这是一份高考英语二轮复习专题一第二讲推理判断题——依文推理定选项课件，共9页。PPT课件主要包含了续上表，答案　A，答案　D，答案　B，答案C，答案D，答案B，答案A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二讲　推理判断题——依文推理定选项
推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。解答该类题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。高考对推理判断题的考查形式包括细节推理题、写作意图题、观点态度题和文章出处题或读者对象题。
一、推理判断题的4大题型
二、推理判断题的5大命题陷阱推理判断题是为了考查学生能否读懂文章中字里行间隐含的含义，能否以文章中所叙述的事实为依据，经过自己的思考和判断进行客观的推理，从而得出结论。因此，命题者常常设置一些干扰项，没读懂文章的学生很容易受其“迷惑”而“误入歧途”，掉入命题者精心设置的“陷阱”。陷阱(一)　主观臆断　选项没有基于原文进行推断，而是主观猜测想象或根据常识进行猜测
[典例]　(2023·全国乙卷)PRACTITIONERSJacqueline Felice de Almania(c.1322) highlights the suspicin that wmen practicing medicine faced.Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence，she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery.In 1322 she was tried fr practicing unlawfully.In spite f the curt hearing testimnials(证明)f her ability as a dctr，she was banned frm medicine.Tan Yunxian(1461—1554)was a Chinese physician wh learned her skills frm her grandparents.Chinese wmen at the time culd nt serve apprenticeships(学徒期) with dctrs.Hwever，Tan passed the fficial exam.Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life.In 1511，Tan wrte a bk，Sayings f a Female Dctr，describing her life as a physician.
James Barry(c.1789—1865)was brn Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but，dressed as a man，she was accepted by Edinburgh University t study medicine.She qualified as a surgen in 1813，then jined the British Army，serving verseas.Barry retired in 1859，having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man.Rebecca Lee Crumpler(1831—1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860.Fur years later，she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree.She mved t Virginia in 1865，where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.
22．Hw was Tan Yunxian different frm the ther practitiners?A．She wrte a bk.B．She went thrugh trials.C．She wrked as a dentist.D．She had frmal educatin.
[解析]　根据Tan Yunxian部分的介绍可知，谈允贤从小跟着爷爷奶奶学医，并通过了官方的考试，一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书，记录了自己的女医生涯。第一个人物介绍中提到Jacqueline Felice de Almania因非法行医受到法庭的审判，B项属于张冠李戴，应被排除；文章没有提到谈允贤当牙医，属于主观臆断。故C项错误；谈允贤从小跟着家人学医，因此D项也是错误的。
陷阱(二)　逻辑颠倒　某些选项颠倒原文逻辑，例如错误归因、倒置目的与手段等
[典例]　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Abut 98 cents f every duck stamp dllar ges directly int the Migratry Bird Cnservatin Fund t purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat fr inclusin int the Natinal Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be prtected and available fr all generatins t cme.Since 1934，better than half a billin dllars has gne int that Fund t purchase mre than 5 millin acres f habitat.Little wnder the Federal Duck Stamp Prgram has been called ne f the mst successful cnservatin prgrams ever initiated.
30．What is a direct result f the Act passed in 1934?A．The stamp price has gne dwn.B．The migratry birds have flwn away.C．The hunters have stpped hunting.D．The gvernment has cllected mney.
[解析]　根据本段第一句可知，联邦政府将出售鸭票的部分收入投入候鸟保护基金，用来保护水禽、湿地和野生动物栖息地。该项法案的直接结果是政府筹集到了资金，D项所述符合句意。干扰项B说候鸟飞离，是1934年颁布法案的原因，而非颁布法案的结果，属于逻辑颠倒。
陷阱（三）过度推断或以偏概全　有时作者仅简单、客观叙述事实，并未作出评论，而部分选项却扩大作者的叙述范围、进行过度推断；或者针对原文中某一句话进行推断，忽略了其他信息，造成以偏概全错误
[典例]　(2021·天津卷)Things are cnnected.Let yur expertise in ne field fuel yur passins in all related areas.Sme f yur interests may nt appear t be cnnected but，nce yu explre their depths，yu discver that they are.My editr Tni，wh is als a writer，has edited several histry bks.She has decided t study Chinese histry. Fascinated by the structural beauty f the Frbidden City as a painter，she is equally interested t learn mre abut Chinese philsphy.“I dn't knw where it will lead，but I'm excited I'm n this pursuit.”
54．What des the authr intend t shw with the example f Tni?A．Passin alne des nt ensure a persn's success.B．In­depth explratin makes discveries pssible.C．Everyne has a chance t succeed in their pursuit.D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way cnnected.
[解析]　根据本段第三句可知，作者引用Tni的例子意在说明看似没有关系的兴趣实际在联系着。干扰项C说Everyne has a chance t succeed in their pursuit，而原文中只提到Tni 正在追求自己的兴趣，并未评价是否成功，也更不能推断出所有人都有希望成功，属于过度推断。
陷阱(四)　偷换概念　某些选项的内容与原文句子结构、词汇使用高度相似，仅在不起眼处略微改动用词，或截取部分原文中出现过的关键词，但整体意思不符合原文主旨，此类选项干扰性较强
[典例]　(2022·全国乙卷)By using the latest technlgies，drnes culd als start prviding higher­value services fr railways，detecting faults in the rail r switches，befre they can cause any safety prblems.T perfrm these tasks，drnes fr rail dn't need t be flying verhead.Engineers are nw wrking n a new cncept: the rail drnes f the future.They will be mving n the track ahead f the train，and prgrammed t run autnmusly.Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI
and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c­pilt.With their ability t see ahead，they culd signal any prblem，s that fast­mving trains wuld be able t react in time.30．What functin is expected f the rail drnes?A．T prvide early warning.B．T make trains run autmatically.C．T earn prfits fr the crews.D．T accelerate transprtatin.
[解析]　题干问的是期待铁路无人机有什么样的功能。根据文段最后一句“With their ability t see ahead，they culd signal any prblem，s that fast­ mving trains wuld be able t react in time”(因为能提前看到，无人机可以感
知到任何问题，这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作出反应)可知，期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题，并给列车发出警告。B项“使火车自动运行”是偷换概念，文段中的“prgrammed t run autnmusly”指的是无人机可以自动运行，而不是火车；C项“为机组人员挣得利润”和D项“加快交通运输”是无中生有，文章没有提及。
陷阱(五) 　背离主题　选项背离了文章的主题思想
[典例]　(2022·全国甲卷)Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and prgress are the watchwrds(口号)，and traditins are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald，the city's fficial histrian，tld me that in its rush t mdernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much f its past，including many f its finest buildings.“Sydney is cnfused abut itself，”she said.“We can't seem t make up ur minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne.It's a cnflict that we aren't getting any better at reslving(解决)．”34．What des Shirley Fitzgerald think f Sydney?A．It is lsing its traditins.B．It shuld speed up its prgress.C．It shuld expand its ppulatin.D．It is becming mre internatinal.
[解析]　根据文段中的“Sydney swept aside much f its past，including many f its finest buildings”和“‘Sydney is cnfused abut itself，’she said.‘We can't seem t make up ur minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne.’”可以看出，Shirley Fitzgerald认为在奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼摒弃了许多自己过去的东西，包括那些精美的建筑物。干扰选项B说悉尼应该加快现代化的过程，属于背离主题。
三、推理判断题的7大解题技法推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或论据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，它一般具有以下特征：(1)“立足原文，只推一步，”即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。(2)选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念，如 nly，never，all，abslutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有余地的词汇，如 ften，usually，smetimes，sme，may，might，can，culd，pssibly，prbably等。对于推理判断题，学生在平时的备考中要多注意从整体上把握语篇内容，判断文章体裁，通过分析文章结构找到主题段，定位主题句，再分析其他各段与主题之间的关系，理清文章脉络和结构；此外，还应学会理解字里行间的隐含意义，在已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，领会字里行间的“弦外之音”。具体方法如下：
技法(一)　根据作者的思想倾向和感情色彩推断观点态度此方法适用于推断作者及文中人物的观点、态度、情感等。观点和态度一般分为三类：支持或反对、乐观或悲观、主观或客观。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文中的字里行间。解答此类题目应多注意行文中的措辞，特别是具有感情色彩的形容词或副词
[典例]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain，the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin­making are enrmus.35．What is the authr's attitude tward Navajas' studies?A．Unclear.　　　　　B．Dismissive.C．Dubtful. D．Apprving.
[解析]　根据文段的内容可知，作者认为虽然Navajas的研究有局限性，但对群体讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此可推知，作者对于Navajas的研究持支持的态度。
技法(二)　根据特定信息和逆向思维进行推断有些推理判断题，可根据题干提供的信息，到原文中去抓关键信息，然后进行分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维，从而得出正确答案[典例]　(2022·全国乙卷)Tday's figures，accrding t ne gvernment fficial，shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schls.Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance，and the industry is playing its part.35．What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?A．It is a shrt­sighted decisin.B．It is a success stry.C．It benefits manufacturers.D．It upsets custmers.
[解析]　本题询问的是“关于采用糖税政策可以推断出什么”，根据文段中的“Tday's figures， the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schls.Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance，and the industry is playing its part.”可知，今天的数字显示了糖税对体育设施和学校的健康饮食的积极影响。帮助下一代拥有一个健康且积极的童年是非常重要的，而这个行业正在发挥其作用。由此可推断，采取糖税政策是一个成功的例子。故选B项。
技法(三)　利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断文章是作者抒发感情、表达观点的一种方式。因此，很多文章，尤其是记叙文和议论文，其语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态以及作者的写作意图。利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨的基础上对文章准确地进行逻辑判断。找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子，对掌握文章主旨大意、了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有用处
[典例]　(2023·全国甲卷)He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences，and he des s with plenty f humr.Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry，and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding(解读)their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.The Scrates Express is a fun，sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire，lneliness，and aging.The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk.I encurage yu t take his ffer.It's wrth yur time，even if time is smething we dn't have a lt f.
31．What des the authr think f Weiner's bk?A．Objective and plain.B．Daring and ambitius.C．Serius and hard t fllw.D．Humrus and straightfrward.
[解析]　根据首段中的“and he des s with plenty f humr”及末段中的“The Scrates Express is a fun，sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in...”可推知，作者认为Weiner的这本书幽默风趣且易懂。
技法(四)　根据上下文的逻辑进行结论推断结论推断是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论。解答这类题的前提是获得文章的主题思想或列举的具体事实，然后按题目的要求进行推断
[典例]　(2022·浙江卷)The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland，where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the wrld”．Klein writes，“America did nt invent the steam engine，but nce they grasped its pssibilities they put it t mre uses than anyne else.”
Meanwhile，ver the curse f the 19th century，electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity.Mrse invented a cde fr sending messages ver an electrmagnetic circuit.Bell then gave the telegraph a vice.Edisn perfected an incandescent bulb(白炽灯泡)that brught electric light int the American hme.…T frame his stry，Klein creates the character f Ned，a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steam and electric revlutins in America during ne man's ．What can be inferred abut Ned?A．He was brn in New Yrk City.B．He wrte many interesting stries.C．He created an electricity cmpany.D．He lived mainly in the 19th century.
[解析]　根据末段中的“Klein creates the character f Ned，a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steam and electric revlutins in America during ne man's lifetime”可知，Ned在他的一生中见证了蒸汽和电力革命给美国带来的进步；再结合第一段和第二段内容可知，Klein在书中描绘了18世纪末期和19世纪蒸汽和电力的发展。由此可推知，Ned主要生活在19世纪。
技法(五)　整合全文(段)信息进行推断有些推理判断题，很难从某一句话或某几句话推断出其含义，这时就需要在理解全文(段)意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，从而确定最佳答案
[典例]　(2022·浙江卷)The United States rse t glbal pwer n the strength f its technlgy，and the lifebld f that technlgy has lng been electricity.By prviding lng­distance cmmunicatin and energy，electricity created the mdern wrld.Yet prperly understd，the age f electricity is merely the secnd stage in the age f steam，which began a century earlier.
“It is curius that n ne has put tgether a histry f bth the steam and electric revlutins，”writes Maury Klein in his bk The Pwer Makers：Steam，Electricity，and the Men Wh Invented Mdern America.Klein，a nted histrian f technlgy，spins a narrative (叙述)s lively that at times it reads like a nvel.The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland，where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the wrld”．Klein writes，“America did nt invent the steam engine，but nce they grasped its pssibilities they put it t mre uses than anyne else.”Meanwhile，ver the curse f the 19th century，electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity.Mrse invented a cde fr sending messages ver an
electrmagnetic circuit.Bell then gave the telegraph a vice.Edisn perfected an incandescent bulb(白炽灯泡)that brught electric light int the American hme.Mst imprtantly，Edisn realized that success depended n mass electrificatin，which he shwed in New Yrk City.With help frm Tesla，Westinghuse's firm develped a system using alternating current(交流电)，which sn became the majr frm f pwer delivery.T frame his stry，Klein creates the character f Ned，a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steam and electric revlutins in America during ne man's lifetime.It's a technique that helps turn a lng narrative int an interesting ne.
26．What is the text?A．A bigraphy.　　　　　B．A bk review.C．A shrt stry. D．A science reprt.
[解析]　文章首段通过电力和蒸汽引出Maury Klein的书，接下来对该书内容进行了介绍；最后一段提到为了构建他的故事，Klein创造了Ned这个虚构的角色，Ned在他的一生中见证了蒸汽和电力革命给美国带来的进步，这是一种有助于将长篇故事变得有趣的技巧。由此可推知，本文是一篇书评。
技法(六)　根据文章体裁和内容推断文章出处判断文章出处的题目应从文章的体裁和内容着手。一般来说，报纸上的新闻前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称等；广告类文章因其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明类文章如器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用的时间、次数、药量等；来自网络的文章一般比较新颖，时效性强
[典例]　(2022·全国乙卷)In 1916，tw girls f wealthy families，best friends frm Auburn，N.Y.—Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd—traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne­rm schlhuse.The girls had gne t Smith Cllege.They wre expensive clthes.S fr them t mve t Elkhead，Cl. t
instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted：The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden，wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff's granddaughter.Why did they g then？Well，they wanted t d smething useful.Sn，hwever，they realized what they had undertaken.They mved in with a lcal family，the Harrisns，and，like them，had little privacy，rare baths，and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning. Sme mrnings，Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld.In spring，the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickenden's bk，she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism，which f curse influenced the girls' decisin t g t Elkhead.A hair­ raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads，which entailed(牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies，ften in blinding snwstrms.The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthy's return t Auburn.Wickenden is a very gd stryteller.The sweep f the land and the sticism(坚忍)f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff，n her hrse，lking dwn frm a hill tp：“When the sun slipped behind the muntains，it shed a rsy glw all arund them.Then a full mn rse. The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes，cytes，mice，and varying hares，which turned white in the winter.”
27．What is the text?A．A news reprt.　　　　　　　B．A bk review.C．A children's stry. D．A diary entry.
[解析]　根据第一段中的“Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted：The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden，wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruff's granddaughter.”，第四段中的“In Wickenden's bk，she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism，which f curse influenced the girls' decisin t g t Elkhead.”和最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very gd stryteller.”可推知，本篇文章是一则书评。
技法(七)　理解通篇大意、把握写作意图做推理判断题时，应对整篇文章有完整、准确的理解，从总体上把握文章的主题，善于抓住文中的关键词或关键句，对文章的引申含义进行分析。整合与题目相关的信息，综合起来去把握写作意图，确定最佳结论[典例]　(2023·浙江卷)Live with rmmates？Have friends and family arund yu？Chances are that if yu're lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle，nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn．I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag，as I was living with my parents，and I cntinue t experience this with my
husband，as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me.I've learned a few things alng the way thugh，which I hpe yu'll find encuraging if yu're ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt­always­supprtive husehld.Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back.I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn，sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars，and have s little trash ! A few days later，I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries，and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere.It came ff as a bit discuraging.Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued，I did what I culd that was within my wn reach.I had my wn bedrm，s I wrked n remving things I
didn't need.Since I had my wn tiletries(洗漱用品)，I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable.I als ffered t ck every s ften，s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries.Perhaps yur husehld wn't entirely make the switch，but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire. As yu make yur lifestyle changes，yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu're ding，which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate.If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard，yur wrds prbably wn't d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
26．What can we infer abut the authr?A．She is quite gd at cking.　B．She respects thers' privacy.C．She enjys being a husewife. D．She is a determined persn.
[解析]　根据第二、三、四段可知，作者的“零废弃”的生活方式没有得到家人的理解，但是自己却一直坚持着。结合倒数第三段的最后一句和倒数第一段中作者的建议可知，作者认为，也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变，用行动发挥引领作用。由此推断，作者是一个意志坚定的人。
(2023·广东普宁一中高三考前练兵)“Yu shuld get a cat，”my dctr said.“A cat？”I culdn't even lk after myself.I tk a deep breath and carefully cnsidered the idea f welcming a feline (猫科的)friend int my life.Adpting an animal during the height f the pandemic was far frm easy.When my partner and I fund Cinnamn，her adptin prfile made her ut as the perfect kitten.We filled ut the paperwrk and had a few weeks t prepare fr her arrival.When she came hme，it became increasingly bvius that Cinnamn didn't understand “n”，“stp it”r“dn't d that”．She was the wrst cat I've ever wned. I was beginning t dubt my dctr's advice.
We decided t start taking her fr walks.I culd barely leave the huse befre，but my heart culdn't say n t Cinnamn.Cinnamn shwed me what bravery lked like if there was a dg at a park，she wuld run tward it.She jumped withut knwing where she wuld land.She lved adventure.I fund myself mirrring her behavir after a while，jumping ut f bed withut a secnd thught. I began t find the mtivatin t get ut f bed in the mrning.Cinnamn unfrtunately passed away after a medical accident，leaving a cat­sized hle in my heart the day she left us at nly six mnths ld.I'm n stranger t sadness r grief，but lsing my pet s suddenly was the mst cnfusing emtinal experience I've ever had.She was suppsed t help me thrugh mre f my life than the three shrt mnths we had her.
Our time is ften cut unpredictably，unmistakably shrt.It wuld be a shame t live life being anything less than brave and adventurus.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者接受医生的建议，养了一只猫，感受到了猫带来的积极影响，并了解到人们应该拥有冒险的勇气。1．Why did the dctr advise the authr t get a cat?A．T teach her t interact with animals.B．T assist her t fill up her spare time.C．T help her ut f her mental disease.D．T ensure her safety in time f pandemic.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“I culd barely leave the huse befre，but my heart culdn't say n t Cinnamn.(之前我几乎不敢出门，但我的心无法拒绝Cinnamn。)”可推断，作者的医生建议她养一只猫是为了帮助她摆脱精神疾病。
2．Which f the fllwing best describes the cat Cinnamn?A．Stupid but lvely.B．Outging and aggressive.C．Stubbrn but curageus.D．Naughty and adventurus.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Cinnamn shwed me what bravery lked like if there was a dg at a park，she wuld run tward it.She jumped withut knwing where she wuld land.She lved adventure.(Cinnamn让我见识了什么是勇敢。如果公园里有只狗，她就会跑过去。她跳下去，不知道会落在哪里。她喜欢冒险。)”可推断，Cinnamn很顽皮并且喜欢冒险。
3．What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?A．Why Cinnamn lved ging utside.B．Hw Cinnamn affected the authr psitively.C．Why the authr decided t take Cinnamn utside.D．Hw Cinnamn interacted with the authr utdrs.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段“I fund myself mirrring her behavir after a while，jumping ut f bed withut a secnd thught.I began t find the mtivatin t get ut f bed in the mrning.(我发现自己在模仿她的行为，不假思索地从床上跳了起来。我开始找到早上起床的动力。)”以及本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了Cinnamn是如何对作者产生积极影响的。
4．What message des the stry cnvey?A．The lss f a pet is painful.B．The shrt life is unpredictable.C．Friendship with pets is helpful.D．The curage t take risks is beneficial.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“It wuld be a shame t live life being anything less than brave and adventurus.(如果生活中没有勇气和冒险精神，那将是一种遗憾。)”以及文章内容可推断，作者希望通过本篇文章告诉读者，冒险的勇气是有益的。
B(2023·广东六校联盟高三第六次联考)D yu ever feel guilty fr relaxing，even after yu've wrked hard all day？D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut？Yu may be experiencing prductivity dysmrphia(生产力畸形)．it is a way t describe the feeling f failing t recgnize yur accmplishments and wanting t cntinue ding mre，even when yu're running__n fumes.Authr Anna Cdrea­Rad wh wrte an article abut prductivity dysmrphia claimed “it is the pursuit f prductivity that drives us t d mre while rbbing us f the ability t enjy any success we might encunter alng the way”．
Highly cmpetitive and jb­led culture cntribute t cnstantly pursuing prductivity that eats away at ther areas f life.In fact，yu're ften praised fr putting prductivity abve yur well­being.Remember hw schls rewarded perfect attendance？Similarly，cmpanies prefer emplyees wh get the maximum wrk dne while taking the fewest pssible breaks.Rewards like these have strengthened that rest is bad and that being cnstantly at wrk is the right thing t d.Plus，the prblem isn't that the bss tells them t d it，but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they're ging smewhere t enjy leisure time.Habits like these may be brn ut f the scial pressure t find self­wrth in wrk achievements.
Sme writers have even begun describing rest as prductive，as if peple shuld stp relaxing if it desn't imprve perfrmance in sme way.Nt nly des this mindset make it difficult t view and celebrate yur achievements，but it als pushes yu t build yur entire life arund wrk.The nly milestnes that matter are achieving wrk gals.The wrst part？There's n sense f fulfillment when yu reach these gals.【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。本文说明了“生产力畸形”概念的产生，其形成的原因，以及对人们生活的影响。5．What d the underlined wrds “running n fumes”mean in Paragraph 1?A．Tired.　　　　　B．Excited.C．Satisfied. D．Disappinted.
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段“D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut？(你是否觉得自己应该做更多的工作，尽管你已经工作了很长时间，几乎筋疲力尽了？)”以及画线词上文“it is a way t describe the feeling f failing t recgnize yur accmplishments and wanting t cntinue ding mre，even when yu're...”可知，生产力畸形是在你极度疲劳的状态下，仍然想继续工作，对自己已完成的工作没有成就感的一种体验。故画线词意思是“疲惫的”。
6．Which is the reasn fr cnstantly pursuing prductivity?A．Minr cmpetitiveness.B．Pressure frm jbs.C．Instructins frm the bss.D．Internalized needs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Highly cmpetitive and jb­led culture cntribute t cnstantly pursuing prductivity that eats away at ther areas f life.(高度竞争和以工作为主导的文化有助于不断追求生产力，从而侵蚀生活的其他领域)”和第四段“Plus，the prblem isn't that the bss tells them t d it，but rather that they internalize the need t always be prductive even when they're ging smewhere t enjy leisure time.(另外，问题不是老板让他们这么做，而是他们把保持高效的需求内化了，即使他们要去某个地方享受闲暇时间)”可知，内化的需求是我们不断追求生产力的原因，选D。
7．Which may be an example f prductivity dysmrphia?A．A man cmpletes wrk in wrking hurs.B．A man enjys leisure time with his family.C．A wman wrks everywhere at anytime.D．A wman stps fr a relaxatin regularly.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“D yu feel like yu shuld be ding mre despite wrking full hurs and nearing burnut？Yu may be experiencing prductivity dysmrphia.(你是否觉得自己应该做更多的工作，尽管你已经工作了很长时间，几乎筋疲力尽了？你可能正在经历生产力畸形)”可推知，文章对“生产力畸形”的解释——在极度疲劳的状态下，仍然想继续工作，对自己已完成的工作没有成就感，故而“无论何时何地都在工作”符合定义，选C。
8．What is the authr's attitude twards the descriptin f sme writers?A．Favrable. B．Negative.C．Uncncerned. D．Neutral.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sme writers have even begun describing rest as prductive，as if peple shuld stp relaxing if it desn't imprve perfrmance in sme way.Nt nly des this mindset make it difficult t view and celebrate yur achievements，but it als pushes yu t build yur entire life arund wrk.The nly milestnes that matter are achieving wrk gals.The wrst part？There's n sense f fulfillment when yu reach these gals.(一些作家甚至开始把休息描述为具有生产性的，仿佛如果休息不能在某种程度上提高工作表现，